2021-2022学年北京市海淀区高一上学期英语期末试题（解析版）

2021-2022学年北京市海淀区高一上学期英语期末试题考生须知1．本参考样题共10页，共四部分，52道题，满分100分。考试时间90分钟。2．在试卷和答题卡上准确填写学校名称、姓名和准考证号。3．答案一律填涂或书写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。4．在答题卡上，选择题用2B铅笔作答，其他题用黑色字迹签字笔作答。第一部分：听力理解（共三节，20分）第一节（共4小题；每小题1分，共4分）听下面4段材料。每段材料后有一道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段材料后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段材料你将听一遍。1.HowwillthewomangettotheTimesA.Bybus.B.Bytaxi.C.Onfoot.2.Whattimewillthespeakersmeet?A.At9:30.B.At9:00.C.Around8:30.3.Whatdoesthemanthinkofthenews?A.Exciting.B.Unbelievable.C.Discouraging.4.Whatisthemandoing?A.Makingaweekendplan.B.Buyingabirthdaypresent.C.Introducingasmartwatch.第二节（共8小题；每小题1分，共8分）听下面4段材料。每段材料后有几道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段材料前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读每小题。听完后，每小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段材料你将听两遍。听第5段材料，回答第5至6题。5.Howmanysoccerfieldsarethereinthenewsportscenter?A.Three.B.Two.C.One.6.Whatarethespeakersgoingtodotomorrow?A.Playbasketball.B.Playtennis.C.Playsoccer.听第6段材料，回答第7至8题。7.Whatisthemansufferingfrom?A.Afever.B.Astomachache.C.Aheartproblem.8.Whatdoesthewomanadvisethemantodo?A.Getrelaxed.B.Stayinhospital.C.Takesomemedicine.听第7段材料，回答第9至10题。9.What’sthetypicalfeatureofcollege?A.Youmusthaverequiredclasses.B.Youcancontrolyourlearning.C.Youmaydrivetoyourcollege.10.Whatdoesthemansuggest?A.Learningtomanageyourtime.B.Askingsomeonetoremindyou.C.Followingtheschoolcalendar.听第8段材料，回答第11至12题。11.Whoisstudyingathighschool?A.Thespeaker’ssister.B.Thespeaker’sbrother.C.Thespeaker’scousin.12.What’sthespeakerprobablygoingtobe?A.Ateacher.B.Anengineer.C.Adoctor.第三节（共4小题；每小题2分，共8分）听下面一段材料，完成第13至16四道小题，每小题仅填写一个词。听材料前，你将有20秒钟的时间阅读试题，听完后你将有60秒钟的作答时间。这段材料你将听两遍。OnlineCourseAccess?Visittheonlinehomepage?Loginwithyourcollege________Requirements?Theamountoftime:averagearound________hoursperweek?NorequiredcampusvisitsGuidanceServices?Generalquestions:________ontheQuestionsForum(论坛)?Personalquestions:by________第二部分：知识运用（共两节，30分）第一节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。Haveyoueverhadascienceclassthatyoulookforwardto?Itdoesn’thappenoften.ButwhenyouhaveateacherlikeMrsBrown,it’smorethanascienceclass.It’sascienceclasswhere____1____iseasyandfun.Wedon’thavetoburyourselvesinahugetextbookorlistentoateacherlectureaboutsomethingwedon’tcareabout.MyexperiencewithMrsBrowndidn’tstartwithmyscienceclass,butwithherasmytutor(个别辅导教师).Iwasalwaysa____2____readerandwasn’tgettinganybetter.MyparentstoldmeIneededtobetutored.Onedayafterschool,Iwentintothelibrarywithmymomformy____3____tutoringtime.Ihadnoideawhowastutoringme.Mymompracticallydraggedmeintothelibrary.Thefirstthingthatwedidwasplayingagametogettoknoweachotherandgetridofour____4____.Wedidn’tevenplayareadinggame.WealsowentaroundthelibraryandIgottopickoutabookIwantedtoread.Shedidn’tmakemereadaboringtextbookaboutsomethingIdidn’tcareabout.Ididn’tevenpickabook.Iselecteda____5____aboutremotecontrolcars.I____6____tomyself,howbadcoulditbe?Igottoreadaboutremotecontrolcars.ShetoldmeeventhoughIwasreadingamagazine,Iwas____7____reading.Afterthefirstmagazine,shepickedoutabookshe____8____.Iwouldreadachapterandthenshewouldreadachaptertome.ThiswayIdidn’thavetoreadforlongperiodsoftime.AsIgotbetterand____9____atreading,Iwasabletoreadtwochaptersinthesameamountoftimeasitusedtotakemetoreadonechapter.____10____isoneofthemostimportantthingsinhighschoolandcollegetobesuccessful.Ifitwerenotforher,IwouldnotbethereaderIamtodayandIthankherforthat.1.A.learning B.writing C.testing D.listening2.A.serious B.regular C.careless D.weak3A.favorite B.first C.dull D.long4.A.strangeness B.loneliness C.tiredness D.nervousness5.A.collection B.survey C.newspaper D.magazine6.A.turned B.came C.smiled D.thought7.A.just B.always C.still D.right8.A.liked B.wrote C.bought D.closed9.A.louder B.happier C.faster D.freer10.A.Co-operating B.Reading C.Self-studying D.Speaking【答案】1.A2.D3.B4.D5.D6.D7.C8.A9.C10.B【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在布朗夫人的教导下提高了阅读能力的经历。【1题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是一门科学课，在这里学习既简单又有趣。A.learning学习；B.writing写，书写；C.testing测试；D.listening倾听。根据后文“Wedon’thavetoburyourselvesinahugetextbookorlistentoateacherlectureaboutsomethingwedon’tcareabout”(我们不必埋头于一本庞大的教科书中，也不必听老师讲一些我们不关心的事情)可知，此处是指在这门课上学习既简单又有趣。故选A。【2题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的阅读能力一直很弱，一点也没有提高。A.serious严肃的；B.regular规律的；C.careless粗心的；D.weak不擅长，（能力）弱的。根据“wasn’tgettinganybetter”可知，此处是指阅读能力一直很弱。故选D。【3题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一天放学后，我和妈妈第一次去图书馆上家教课。A.favorite最喜欢的；B.first第一的；C.dull迟钝的；D.long长的。根据“Ihadnoideawhowastutoringme”(我不知道是谁教我)可知，这是第一次家教课。故选B。【4题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们做的第一件事就是玩一个游戏来了解彼此，消除我们的紧张情绪。A.strangeness陌生；B.loneliness孤独，寂寞；C.tiredness疲劳；D.nervousness紧张。根据“playingagametogettoknoweachother”可知，此处是指两人第一次见面有些紧张尴尬，所以玩一个游戏来熟悉彼此。故选D。【5题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我选了一本关于遥控汽车的杂志。A.collection收集；B.survey调查；C.newspaper报纸；D.magazine杂志。根据后文“ShetoldmeeventhoughIwasreadingamagazine”(她告诉我，尽管我在阅读杂志)可知，此处是指挑了一本杂志。故选D。【6题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我心想，这会有多糟糕？A.turned转动；B.came来到；C.smiled微笑；D.thought思考。根据“howbadcoulditbe”可知，此处是指“我”心里想。故选D。【7题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：她告诉我，即使我在阅读杂志，我还是在阅读。A.just只是；B.always总是；C.still还是；D.right恰好。根据“eventhoughIwasreadingamagazine”可知，此处是指“我”还是在阅读。故选C。【8题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：读完第一本杂志后，她挑了一本她喜欢的书。A.liked喜欢；B.wrote写；C.bought购买；D.closed关闭。根据前文“WealsowentaroundthelibraryandIgottopickoutabookIwantedtoread”(我们还参观了图书馆，我挑选了一本我想读的书)可知，此处是指她在图书馆里挑了一本她喜欢的书。故选A。【9题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：随着我的阅读速度越来越快，我能够在过去阅读一章的时间内阅读两章。A.louder更大声的；B.happier更开心的；C.faster更快的；D.freer更自由的。根据“Iwasabletoreadtwochaptersinthesameamountoftimeasitusedtotakemetoreadonechapter”可知，此处是指阅读速度更快。故选C。【10题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：阅读是高中和大学里取得成功最重要的事情之一。A.Co-operating合作；B.Reading阅读；C.Self-studying自学；D.Speaking演讲。根据后文“Ifitwerenotforher,IwouldnotbethereaderIamtodayandIthankherforthat”(如果没有她，我就不会成为今天的阅读者，我为此感谢她)可知，此处是指阅读是高中和大学里取得成功最重要的事情之一。故选B。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）A阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写一个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。WhiletheInternetcanbringpeopleclosertogether,itcanalsoharmfriendships.Talkingonlinethroughascreenmakesitharderforpeopletoconcentrateorshowfriendliness____11____others.Asisknowntoall,importantsocialskillsaredevelopedthroughdirectcontactwithotherpeople.Besides,theInternet____12____(make)peopleself-centred.Somepeopleareonlyconcernedwiththeironlinepopularity.Theypaytoomuchattentiontothenumberof“likes”orfollowers,____13____wouldn’tcontributetomeaningfulrelationships.Additionally,duetolackofbasisoftrust,onlinerelationshipscanbeparticularly____14____(danger)forpeoplewhoareeasilyinfluencedortootrusting.【答案】11.to12.makes##canmake13.which14.dangerous【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文，介绍了网络对于友情的不利影响。【11题详解】考查介词。句意：通过屏幕在线聊天会使人们更难集中注意力或对他人表示友好。短语showsthtosb.表示“向某人展示某物”设空处缺少介词to。故填to。【12题详解】考查谓语。句意：此外，互联网使人们以自我为中心。分析句子结构可知，设空处缺少谓语，根据上下文时态得知，本句为一般现在时，主语为theInternet，第三人称单数，因此可填makes；也可根据前文“WhiletheInternetcanbringpeopleclosertogether,itcanalsoharmfriendships.”，为了前后呼应，采用情态动词“can+动词原形”的形式作谓语。故填makes/canmake。【13题详解】考查定语从句关系词。句意：他们过于关注“点赞”或关注者的数量，这对建立有意义的关系没有帮助。分析句子可知，设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为前面整个句子，在从句中作主语，因而用which引导。故填which。【14题详解】考查形容词。句意：此外，由于缺乏信任的基础，在线关系对于那些容易受别人影响或过于信任他人的人来说尤其危险。根据句中的beparticularly可知，设空处需填入形容词作表语。故填dangerous。【点睛】B阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写一个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Alicestoodherehelplessbeforethisangryman.Therewasalotmoreshewouldliketohavesaid,____15____sheknewitwasuseless.Sheturnedandwalkedoutofthestudy,feeling____16____(disappoint).“Iamgoingtodosomethingaboutthischild.”shetold____17____(her),“AlthoughIdon’tknowwhatitwillbe,Ishallfindawaytohelpthechildintheend.”【答案】15.but16.disappointed17.herself【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Alice想要帮助一个小男孩。【15题详解】考查连词。句意：她想说的还有很多，但她知道这是没有用的。分析句子可知，设空处前一句与后一句之间是转折关系，因而设空处需填入表示转折的连词but。故填but。【16题详解】考查形容词。句意：她转身走出书房，感到很沮丧。分析句子结构可知，设空处需填入形容词作feeling的表语，逻辑主语是she，指人，修饰人时用-en结尾的形容词。故填disappointed。【17题详解】考查反身代词。句意：她告诉自己。根据句意可知，此处需填入反身代词，her的反身代词为herself。故填herself。C阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写一个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。WhenIfirstheardabouttheimprovisation(即兴表演)classes,Iwasstressed.Asashygirl,Ifearedgettingonstage.However,IknewI____18____(want)toworkasasciencecommunicatorafterfinishingmydegree,soitseemedliketheperfectopportunity____19____(improve)myspeakingabilityandgainconfidencethinkingonmyfeet.Isignedupandknewthattheexperience____20____(take)mewelloutsidemycomfortzone(舒适区)inthefuture.【答案】18.wanted19.toimprove20.wouldtake【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者上学时期为了提高口语能力和获得自信鼓起勇气报名参加即兴表演课的经历。【18题详解】考查一般过去时。句意：然而，我知道我想在完成学位后成为一名科学传播者，所以这似乎是提高我的口语能力和获得自信的绝佳机会。根据“Iknew”可知，此处是陈述过去的事实，所以应用一般过去时。故填wanted。【19题详解】考查动词不定式。句意：然而，我知道我想在完成学位后成为一名科学传播者，所以这似乎是提高我的口语能力和获得自信的绝佳机会。名词opportunity后常用不定式作后置定语。故填toimprove。【20题详解】考查过去将来时。句意：我报名参加了，并且知道这段经历会让我在未来远离舒适区。根据“Isignedupandknew”和“inthefuture”可知，此处应用过去将来时。故填wouldtake。第三部分：阅读理解（共两节，30分）第一节（共10小题；每小题2分，共20分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。AWelcomingNewLifestylesHyggehasbeenpopularintheUKforoverayear.Itmeanstocreatearelaxedandcomfortablemood.Itcanbefeltbyrelaxingactivitieslikechattingwithfriends.Besides,hyggeisalsoaboutlearningtobehappywithsimplethings.Thisreallyresonated(共鸣)withme.Ifeelstressedathomebecausemysmallflatispackedwithmuchstuff.Idecidetothrowthethingsthatdon’tholdmemories.Doingthiswouldhelpmefeelhygge.Lastyear,lagom,aSwedishwordmeaning“justtherightamount”,becamepopular.Lagomisaboutseekingabalanceofworkandlife.It’salsoaboutlivingmoresustainably(可持续地)bysavingmoreenergy,creatinglesswasteandrecyclingmore.Nextyear,Iwon’thavetoreplacethingssooften.Plus,Ikeepthinkingaboutrecyclingandhopingtosaveasmuchmoneyaspossible.So,Icangetonboardwithlagom.ComingfromJapan,wabisabiisaboutfindingbeautyinimperfection.Wabireferstothefailingsintheproductionprocess,whichmakesanobjectspecial.Sabidescribesthebeautythatcomeswithage.Thetraditionofwabisabicanofferanewwaytoviewourhomes.IamaperfectionistandIkeepmyhometidy.Butnow,mygirlsputtheirtoyseverywhere.So,Ihavetoseethemessandaccepttheimperfections.IntheJapaneseconcept,ikigaimeans“areasonforbeing”,whichcanbringsatisfactionandmeaningtolife.Manypeoplebelieveikigaicanbefoundatwhatyouaregoodatandwhatyoulovedoing.Forme,itisblogging.ThisyearIcandomorewritingtasksthatinterestme.AndifInoticethethingsthatbringmenojoy,Icanstayawayfromtheminthefuture.Hopefully,thiswillhelpmetoleadamoremeaningfullife.21.Ifapersonwantstoenjoyasimplebuthappylife,whichlifestyleissuitable?A.Hygge. B.Lagom. C.Wabisabi. D.Ikigai.22.Tolivealifestyleofwabisabionehasto________.A.findbeautyinhisorherimperfectlifeB.achieveabalancebetweenworkandlifeC.behappyandfindoutthemeaningoflifeD.throwawaytheuselessandliveasimplelife23.Thispassageismostlikelytobereadina________.A.researchreport B.travelblogC.productadvertisement D.popularmagazine【答案】21.A22.A23.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了四种新的生活方式。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段第四句“Besides,hyggeisalsoaboutlearningtobehappywithsimplethings.(此外，hygge也是关于学会对简单的事情感到快乐的生活方式)”可知，如果一个人想要享受简单而快乐的生活，Hygge这种生活方式会适合他。故选A。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“ComingfromJapan,wabisabiisaboutfindingbeautyinimperfection.(来自日本的wabisabi，致力于在不完美中寻找美)”可知，wabisabi这种生活方式需要在不完美的生活中发现美。故选A。【23题详解】推理判断题。文章主要介绍了四种不同的生活方式，根据标题“WelcomingNewLifestyles(迎接新的生活方式)”可知，这篇文章最有可能出现在流行杂志上。故选D。BAlthoughgrowingupinapoorfamilyinpost-war1950s,GloriaStewartremembersherpoorbutkindheartedparentsalwayshadanextrasettingattheirtable,especiallyatChristmas.Thewarmthofhermumanddad’swelcomeforpoorguestsatthecoldesttimeoftheyearinspiredthe69-year-oldgrandmothertospreadherownseasonaljoy.“Mumanddadhadn’tevengotapenny,”recallsGloria.“Butitdidn’tmatter.They’dneverturndownanyhomelessonewhoknockedonthedoor.”“WhenIbecameamum,Itriedtomakethefestiveseasonasspecialaspossible.However,IoncemetanoldladywhowasspendingChristmasaloneinbed.Itbrokemyheart.”InDecember2007,GloriahostedthefirstHomeAlonelunchafteradvertisingtothepublicandreceivingdonations.Ittookaspecialpersonwithabigheartandanevenbiggertabletoinvite87lonelyoldpeopleforChristmas.HerHomeAloneeventhaslasteduptonow.EveryChristmas,Gloriawearshermostsparklydresstoservethetraditionalroasttoeverytableofhersmiling,gratefulguests,makingtimetospeaktoasmanyofthemaspossible.Afterherfirstlunch,GloriawasnicknamedMrs.Christmas.AndnowshehaswrittenabookaboutherextraordinarylifehelpingbringjoytotheelderlywhowouldnormallyspendChristmasalone.Shewroteinherbook,“WhenIwasachild,IhadfewfriendsandIwaslaughedatforbeingsopoor.SoIwasdeterminednooneelseshouldbearthelonelinessandhardshipIhadsuffered.”Havingbattledcancerthreetimes,GloriabecameevenmoredeterminedtomakesureChristmaswasnotcloudedbysadness.NowtheHomeAloneeventhasgrowntoservingturkeylunchtoover500happyguests.ThekindladyreceivedanawardfromSheffieldCityCouncilforhereffortsandwaspraisedbyformerPrimeMinisterDavidCameron.ButforGloria,therealprizecomesasshewatchesthesmileslightupthefacesofherlunchguests.Shesays,“Therereallyisnogreaterreward.Justforafewhourstheyescapetheirlonelinessandaresurroundedbylove.”24.Thefirsttwoparagraphsintendtotellus________.A.whyGloriahadasufferingchildhoodB.howGloria’sparentscelebratedChristmasC.whatmemoriesGloriahadaboutherparentsD.thatGloriawasinspiredbyherparents’kindact25.WhatmadeGloriasodetermined?A.Herdesireforsuccess. B.Herparents’will.C.Hertoughlifeexperiences. D.Herfriends’encouragement.26.Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?A.AHomeAloneEvent B.ABig-heartedGrandmotherC.ASpecialMemoryofChristmas D.ASharedChristmasDinner【答案】24.D25.C26.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。GloriaStewart在父母善举的熏陶下，年老后每年圣诞节都会为独自过节的老人组织HomeAloneevent，让这些人们短暂地摆脱孤独，享受温暖。【24题详解】推理判断题。根据文章前两段的叙述及“Thewarmthofhermumanddad’swelcomeforpoorguestsatthecoldesttimeoftheyearinspiredthe69-year-oldgrandmothertospreadherownseasonaljoy.(在一年中最寒冷的时候，她的父母热情地欢迎贫穷的客人，这激发了这位69岁的祖母传播自己的节日喜悦)”可知，前两段主要告诉我们GloriaStewart的善举受到了她父母的启发。故选D。【25题详解】细节理解题。根据第六段第二句“SoIwasdeterminednooneelseshouldbearthelonelinessandhardshipIhadsuffered.(因此，我下定决心，任何人都不应忍受我所遭受的孤独和苦难)”和第三句“Havingbattledcancerthreetimes,GloriabecameevenmoredeterminedtomakesureChristmaswasnotcloudedbysadness.(Gloria曾三次与癌症作斗争，她更加下定决心确保圣诞节不会被悲伤笼罩)”可知，Gloria艰苦的生活经历使得她如此坚定。故选C。【26题详解】主旨大意题。本文主要讲述的是Gloria自2007年以来，每年都会为独自过节的老人组织HomeAloneevent，大家聚在一起用餐。根据“HerHomeAloneeventhaslasteduptonow.(她的HomeAloneevent活动一直持续到现在)”及“NowtheHomeAloneeventhasgrowntoservingturkeylunchtoover500happyguests.(现在，HomeAloneevent活动已经发展到为500多名幸福的客人提供火鸡午餐)”中反复出现的“HomeAloneevent”可知，“AHomeAloneEvent”适合作本文的标题。故选A。CAscollegesportscontinuetobehugelypopularandtheNationalCollegiateAthleticAssociation(NCAA)bringsinlargeamountsofmoney,peoplehaverestartedthedebateonwhethercollegeathletesshouldgetpaid.Supportersoftheideabelievethat,becausecollegeathletesarebringinginaudiences,theyshouldreceivesomesortofcompensation(补偿).Infact,theNCAAbringsinabout$1billionincomeayear,butcollegeathletesdon’treceiveanyofthatmoneyintheformofapaycheck.Additionally,peoplewhobelievecollegeathletesshouldbepaidstatethatpayingcollegeathleteswillactuallyencouragethemtoremainincollegelongerandnotturnprofessionalsasquickly,eitherbygivingthemawaytobeginearningmoneyincollegeorrequiringthemtosignacontract(合同)sayingthey’llstayattheuniversityforacertainnumberofyearswhilemakinganagreed-uponsalary.Peoplewhoargueagainsttheideaofpayingcollegeathletesbelievethepracticecouldbedisastrousforcollegesports.Payingathleteswouldturncollegesportsintoabidding(竞拍)warwhereonlytherichestschoolscouldaffordtopathletes,andmostschoolswouldbeshutoutfromdevelopingatalentedteam.Itcouldalsoharmthecamaraderiewithinmanycollegeteamsifplayersbecomeunhappythatcertainteammatesaremakingmoremoneythantheyare.Thoseagainstpayingcollegeathletesalsobelievethattheathletesarereceivingenoughbenefitsalready.Thetopathletesreceivescholarshipsthatareworthtensofthousandsperyear.Theyreceivefreefoodandtextbooks,gettravelbonusesandfreeequipment,andcanusetheirtimeincollegeasawaytoattracttheattentionofprofessionalcoaches.Noothercollegestudentsreceiveanywherenearasmuchfromtheirschools.Whilebothsideshavegoodpoints,it’sclearthatthenegativesofpayingcollegeathletesfaroutweighthepositives.Collegeathleteshavebeencompensatedenough.Addingasalarywouldresultinacollegeathleticsystemwhereonlyafewathletesarepaidbysomeschoolswhoenterbiddingwarstosignthemup,whilemoststudentathleticsandcollegeathleticprogramssufferorevenshutdownforlackofmoney.Continuingtoofferthepresentbenefitstostudentathletesmakesitpossibleforasmanypeopletobenefitfromandenjoycollegesportsaspossible.27.ItcanbelearnedfromParagraph2thatcollegeathletes________.A.haveearnedwhattheyarepromisedB.tendtoservecollegelongerwhenpaidC.shouldsignacontracttomakeanagreed-uponsalaryD.prefertostayatuniversityratherthanturnprofessionals28.Theunderlinedword“camaraderie”inParagraph3issimilarto“________”.A.friendship B.competition C.spirit D.communication29.Peopleagainstpayingcollegeathletesbelieve________.A.schoolswouldbeunabletoafforditB.itcouldbeharmfultocollegesportsC.noothercollegestudentsreceivebenefitsD.studentswouldvaluepaymentsoverachievements30.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardspayingcollegeathletes?A.Uncertain. B.Satisfied. C.Unsupportive. D.Expectant.【答案】27.B28.A29.B30.C【解析】【分析】这是一篇议论文。讨论了是否应该给大学运动员发工资。【27题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“Additionally,peoplewhobelievecollegeathletesshouldbepaidstatethatpayingcollegeathleteswillactuallyencouragethemtoremainincollegelongerandnotturnprofessionalsasquickly,(此外，那些认为应该给大学运动员发工资的人表示，给大学运动员发工资实际上会鼓励他们在大学呆得更久，而不是更快地成为专业人士)”可知，大学运动员被给予报酬后，可能倾向于继续在大学服务。故选B。【28题详解】词句猜测题。根据第三段最后一句中的“ifplayersbecomeunhappythatcertainteammatesaremakingmoremoneythantheyare.(如果球员对某些队友赚的钱比他们多而感到不高兴)”可推知，当队友之间因为收入不同而产生不愉快时，就会影响到团队之间的团结和友谊，由此可猜测“harmthecamaraderie”中的“camaraderie”与“friendship”同义，表示“友情；同事情谊”。故选A。【29题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“Peoplewhoargueagainsttheideaofpayingcollegeathletesbelievethepracticecouldbedisastrousforcollegesports.(反对向大学运动员付费的人认为这种做法可能会给大学体育带来灾难)”可知，持反对意见的人们认为给大学运动员支付薪酬会对大学体育造成损害。故选B。【30题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句“Whilebothsideshavegoodpoints,it’sclearthatthenegativesofpayingcollegeathletesfaroutweighthepositives.(尽管双方都有各自的道理，但显然，给大学运动员发工资的负面影响远远大于正面影响)”可知，作者认为负面影响大于正面影响，也就是说作者不支持给大学运动员发工资。故选C。【点睛】第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑，选项中有两项为多余选项。TheyConsiderRatsLifesaversWhenpeopleheartheword“rat”,theymaythinkofdirtyanimalsthatspreaddiseases.AndifyouareanEnglishlearner,youmayalsoconnectthewordratwithbadexpressions.Forexample,callingsomeonearatisabiginsult(侮辱)and“ratrace”describesajoyless,hurriedwayofliving.____31____However,therattrainersatthenonprofitorganization,APOPO,seetheseanimalsverydifferently.____32____BasedinTanzania,APOPOtrainsakindofratstofindlandmines(地雷).Andtheratswiththeirextraordinarysenseofsmellareverygoodatthejob.APOPOcallstheiranimalteamHeroRats.EllieCutrightisanAPOPOtrainerfromCharleston,SouthCarolina.TheresearchersharedherveryhighopinionsofratsinadiscussionwithVOA.____33____“Everybodyshouldknowthattheseratsaren’tstupid.They’renotterribleanimals.They'rereallyintelligentandtheycanbetrainedtodosomeamazingthings.”Humanbeingshaveusedmetal-searchingdevicestodothisworkforyears.Butrats—itturnsout—doitbetter.Andtheyalsocostlessmoney.____34____“Whentheratsareworkinginthefieldandtheyfindalandmine,theyscratch(挠)onthegroundandthat’showweknow.Weplacealittlemarkerthere,andthenwecangosafelytoremovethoselandminesandgetridofthem.”Oncetrained,theratscanworkinminefieldsinTanzaniaandothercountriesaroundtheworld.____35____However,theystilldonotweighenoughtocausealandminetoexplode.Cutrightpraisestheimpactoftheirwork.“IthinktheworkthatAPOPOdoesisreallyimportantinkindofspreadingthewordthatratsarenotjustapest.Theyreallyareheroesandtheyshowuseverydaythattheyareworthyofthatname.”A.So,ratsgenerallyarenotbelovedanimalseitherinlifeorintheEnglishlanguage.B.Worldwidethereare110millionhiddenlandminesleftoverfromwars.C.Aratisananimalthatlookslikealargemousewithalongtail.D.Shewantseveryonetoknowhowusefultheseanimalsare.E.Thiskindofratsarelargecomparedtootherkindsofrats.F.Cutrightexplainshowthesearchprocess(过程)works.G.Theyconsiderrats“lifesavers”【答案】31.A32.G33.D34.F35.E【解析】【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。介绍了一种被训练成为排雷能手的老鼠。【31题详解】前文“Whenpeopleheartheword“rat”,theymaythinkofdirtyanimalsthatspreaddiseases.AndifyouareanEnglishlearner,youmayalsoconnectthewordratwithbadexpressions.(当人们听到“老鼠”这个词时，他们可能会想到传播疾病的肮脏动物。如果你是一个英语学习者，你也可能会把rat这个词和不好的表达联系起来)”介绍了rat在生活和语言中都有不好的名声，A项“So,ratsgenerallyarenotbelovedanimalseitherinlifeorintheEnglishlanguage.(因此，无论是在生活中还是在英语中，老鼠通常都不是受人喜爱的动物)”是对前文的总结。故选A。【32题详解】根据前文“However,therattrainersatthenonprofitorganization,APOPO,seetheseanimalsverydifferently.(然而，非营利组织APOPO的老鼠训练员对这些动物的看法却大不相同)”可知，APOPO的训练员们不认为老鼠是不好的动物，G项“Theyconsiderrats“lifesavers”(他们视老鼠为“救星”)”进一步阐述他们对老鼠的看法，承接上文。故选G。【33题详解】后文Cutright所说的话“Everybodyshouldknowthattheseratsaren’tstupid.They’renotterribleanimals.They'rereallyintelligentandtheycanbetrainedtodosomeamazingthings.(每个人都应该知道这些老鼠并不愚蠢。它们不是可怕的动物。它们真的很聪明，可以训练它们做一些令人惊奇的事情)”是对D项“Shewantseveryonetoknowhowusefultheseanimalsare.(她想让每个人都知道这些动物是多么有帮助)”的解释和延伸。故