陕西省英语中考复习试题及答案解析

陕西省英语中考复习试题及答案解析一、听力部分（本大题有20小题，每小题1分，共20分）Question:Listentotherecordingandchoosethecorrectanswertothequestion.Question:WhattimedoesthetraintoLondondepart?8:30am9:00am9:30amAnswer:B)9:00amExplanation:Therecordingstates,“ThenexttraintoLondonleavesat9:00amfromplatform3.”Therefore,thecorrectanswerisB,indicatingthatthetraindepartsat9:00am.Question:Listentothedialogueanddecidewherethespeakersareplanningtogoforlunch.Question:Wherearethespeakersgoingforlunch?ThenewItalianrestaurantdowntownThesushiplaceneartheofficeThecafeteriainthebuildingAnswer:A)ThenewItalianrestaurantdowntownExplanation:Inthedialogue,onespeakersays,“Hey,haveyouheardaboutthenewItalianrestaurantthatjustopeneddowntown?Let’stryitforlunchtoday.”Theotherspeakerrespondspositively,confirmingtheirintentiontogotothenewItalianrestaurantforlunch.Therefore,thecorrectanswerisA.3、Listentotherecordingandchoosethebestanswertothequestion.Question:WhattimedoesthetrainleaveforNewYork?A.8:30a.m.B.9:00a.m.C.9:30a.m.Answer:BExplanation:TherecordingstatesclearlythatthetraintoNewYorkdepartsat9:00a.m.Thiscanbeheardasthespeakersays,“ThenexttraintoNewYorkleavesat9o’clocksharp.”Therefore,thecorrectanswerisB.4、Listentothedialogueandcompletethesentencewiththemissinginformation.Sentence:Themansuggestedgoingtothe_______forlunch.A.cinemaB.museumC.restaurantAnswer:CExplanation:Inthedialogue,themansays,“Whydon’twetrythatnewItalianrestaurantdownthestreetforlunch?”Thisindicatesthatheissuggestingtheygotoarestaurantforlunch.Therefore,themissingwordinthesentenceis“restaurant,”makingthecompletedsentence:“Themansuggestedgoingtotherestaurantforlunch.”ThecorrectanswerisC.5、Listentothedialogueandchoosethebestanswer.Question:Wheredoesthewomanwanttogo?A.Tothemuseum.B.Tothepark.C.Tothelibrary.Answer:BExplanation:Inthedialogue,thewomansays,“I’mgoingtotheparkwithmyfamilythisweekend.Wouldyouliketojoinus?”Thisclearlyindicatesthatshewantstogotothepark,sotheanswerisB.6、Listentothepassageandfillinthemissingword.ThescientistdiscoveredanewspeciesofanimalintheAmazonrainforest.Itisasmall,furrycreaturethatlookslikea_________.Answer:(missingword)“cat”Explanation:Thepassagementionsthattheanimalissmall,furry,andlookslikeacertaindomesticanimaloftenkeptasapet.Theword“cat”wouldbethemostlogicalcompletion,ascatsareknownfortheirsmallsize,fur,andthefactthattheyarecommonlykeptaspets.7、Listentotherecordingandchoosethebestanswertothequestion.Question:WhattimedoesthetrainleaveforNewYork?8:00a.m.9:00a.m.10:00a.m.Answer:B)9:00a.m.Explanation:Intherecording,thespeakerclearlystatesthatthetraintoNewYorkdepartsat9:00a.m.Youcanheartheexactwords“ThetraintoNewYorkleavesat9:00inthemorning.”8、Listentotheconversationbetweentwostudentsandanswerthequestion.Question:Whatsubjectaretheydiscussingfortheirproject?HistoryScienceArtAnswer:A)HistoryExplanation:Intheconversation,onestudentmentionsthattheyneedtodoresearchonthehistoryofaparticularerafortheirproject.Theotherstudentagreesandmentionsfindingsomeinterestingfactsaboutthathistoricalperiod.Thisindicatesthattheyarediscussingaprojectrelatedtohistory.9、Listentothedialogueandchoosethebestanswertothequestion.Question:Whatdoesthemanwanttodonextweek?A.Goonatrip.B.Takealanguagecourse.C.Meetwithsomefriends.Answer:AExplanation:Inthedialogue,themansays,“I’mplanningtogoonatripnextweek.Haveyouheardaboutthediscountsontraintickets?”Thisdirectlyindicatesthattheman’splanfornextweekistogoonatrip,hencetheanswerisA.10、Listentothenewsreportandfillinthemissinginformation.NewsReport:“Scientistshavemadeabreakthroughinthefieldofrenewableenergy.Theyhavedevelopedanewtypeofsolarpanelthatis______efficientthanexistingones.Thistechnologycouldrevolutionizethewayweproduceandconsumeenergy,significantlyreducingourdependenceonfossilfuels.”Blank:moreExplanation:Thenewsreportstatesthatthenewsolarpanelismoreefficientthanexistingones.Theblankshouldbefilledwith“more”tomakethesentencegrammaticallycorrectandconveytheintendedmeaning.Thenewsemphasizestheimprovementinefficiencycomparedtotheprevioussolarpanels.11、Listentotherecordingandchoosethebestanswertothequestion.Question:WhattimedoesthetrainleaveforLondon?8:30a.m.9:15a.m.10:00a.m.Answer:BExplanation:Intherecording,thespeakerclearlystatesthatthetraintoLondondepartsat9:15a.m.ThismatchesoptionB.12、Listentothedialogueandselectthemissingwordinthesentence.Dialogue:Student:Excuseme,couldyoutellmewherethelibraryis?Teacher:Yes,ofcourse.It’sonthe_______floor.Sentence:Thelibraryisonthe_____floor.firstsecondthirdAnswer:BExplanation:Inthedialogue,theteacherrespondsbysayingthelibraryisonthe“second”floor.ThisdirectlycorrespondstooptionB,fillingintheblankcorrectly.13、Listentotheconversationandchoosethebestanswer.Question:WhattimedoesthetrainleaveforLondon?A.9:00a.m.B.10:00a.m.C.11:00a.m.Answer:BExplanation:Intheconversation,thewomanasksthemanwhenthenexttraintoLondonleaves,andthemanreplies,“Thenexttrainleavesat10:00a.m.”Therefore,thecorrectanswerisB.14、Listentothepassageandanswerthefollowingquestion.Question:Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.Thebenefitsofreadingbooks.B.Thehistoryoflibraries.C.Theimportanceoftechnologyinlibraries.Answer:AExplanation:Thepassagediscussesthevariousbenefitsofreadingbooks,suchasimprovingimagination,reducingstress,andenhancingvocabulary.Itdoesnotfocusonthehistoryoflibrariesortheimportanceoftechnologyinlibraries.Therefore,themainideaofthepassageisthebenefitsofreadingbooks,andthecorrectanswerisA.15、Listentotheconversationandchoosethebestanswertothequestion.Question:WhattimedoesthetrainleaveforNewYork?A.8:30amB.9:30amC.10:30amAnswer:AExplanation:Intheconversation,thespeakerclearlystates,“ThetraintoNewYorkleavesat8:30amfromplatform5.”Therefore,thecorrectanswerisA,8:30am.16、Listentothenewsreportandanswerthefollowingquestion.Question:Whichcountryisexperiencingaseveredroughtthisyear?A.BrazilB.AustraliaC.CanadaAnswer:BExplanation:ThenewsreportmentionsthatAustraliaisfacingoneoftheworstdroughtsindecades,withwaterlevelsinmanydamsreachingrecordlows.Therefore,thecountryexperiencingtheseveredroughtisAustralia,andthecorrectanswerisB.17、Listentothedialogueandchoosethebestanswertothequestion.Question:WhattimewillthetrainleaveforLondon?8:30am9:00am9:30amAnswer:C)9:30amExplanation:Inthedialogue,thespeakersays,“ThenexttraintoLondonleavesat9:30am.”ThisdirectlyanswersthequestionaboutthedeparturetimeforthetraintoLondon.18、Listentothenewsreportandselectthemissingwordinthesentence.Thegovernmenthasannouncedplanstoinvestheavilyinrenewableenergysources,withaparticularfocusonsolarpowerand____energy.tidalfossilnuclearAnswer:A)tidalExplanation:Thenewsreportmentionsthatthegovernment’sinvestmentplansforrenewableenergyincludeafocusonsolarpowerandanothertypeofrenewableenergy.Amongthegivenoptions,“tidal”isarenewableenergysource,while“fossil”and“nuclear”arenotconsideredrenewable.Thecontextsuggeststhegovernmentisinvestinginrenewableandsustainableenergysources,thusmaking“tidal”themostappropriatechoice.19、Listentotherecordingandchoosethecorrectanswertothequestion.Question:WhattimedoesthetrainleaveforLondon?A.9:15a.m.B.10:45a.m.C.1:30p.m.Answer:BExplanation:Intherecording,thespeakerclearlystatesthatthetraintoLondondepartsat10:45a.m.ThismatchesoptionB.20、Listentothedialogueanddecidewhichofthefollowingstatementsistrue.Question:Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando?A.Takeataxitotheconcert.B.Walktotheconcertvenue.C.Buyatrainticketimmediately.Answer:AExplanation:Inthedialogue,thewomanmentionsthattheconcertstartsinanhourandit’srainingoutside.Shethensuggeststhatthemantakesataxitoavoidgettingwetandarriveontime.ThiscorrespondstooptionA.二、阅读理解（30分）Title:ThePowerofPositivityIntoday’sfast-pacedandoftenstressfulworld,itcanbechallengingtomaintainapositiveoutlook.However,researchhasconsistentlyshownthatpositivityhasimmensebenefitsforbothourmentalandphysicalhealth.Thisiswhycultivatingahabitofpositivityisessentialforleadingafulfillingandresilientlife.Positivitydoesn’tjustmeansmilingallthetimeorignoringproblems.It’saboutreframingyourmindsettoseechallengesasopportunitiesforgrowthandlearning.Whenfacedwithadversity,apositivepersonseesthesilverlining,searchingforsolutionsratherthandwellingonthedifficulties.Thismindsetfostersresilience,allowingindividualstobouncebackfromsetbacksmoreeasily.Moreover,positivityhasaprofoundimpactonourrelationships.Peoplewhoexudepositivityattractlike-mindedindividuals,fosteringasupportiveandupliftingenvironment.Positiveinteractionsboostourmood,reducingstressandanxiety.Incontrast,negativeattitudescanbreednegativity,leadingtoisolationandadownwardspiralofemotions.Attheworkplace,positivityisavaluableasset.Employeeswhomaintainapositiveattitudearemoreproductive,creative,andcollaborative.Theyinspiretheircolleagues,creatingapositiveworkculturethatbenefitstheentireorganization.Leaderswhoembodypositivitysetthetonefortheirteams,encouragingthemtoapproachchallengeswithoptimismanddetermination.Physicalhealthalsobenefitsfrompositivity.Studieshavelinkedpositiveemotionstobetterimmunefunction,reducedriskofheartdisease,andevenlongerlifespans.Positivitycantriggerthereleaseofendorphins,thebody’snaturalpainkillersandmoodelevators,whichcontributetoasenseofwell-being.Inessence,thepowerofpositivityistransformative.Itempowersustonavigatelife’schallengeswithgraceandresilience,fosteringhealthierrelationships,enhancingourperformance,andpromotingoverallwell-being.Questions:Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?Positivityisalwayseasytomaintain.Negativityhasnoimpactonourrelationships.Positivityhasnumerousbenefitsformentalandphysicalhealth.Positivepeopleignoreallproblems.Answer:CAccordingtothepassage,howdoespositivityaffectrelationships?Itcausesisolationandadownwardspiralofemotions.Itattractsnegativepeopleandcreatesatoxicenvironment.Itfostersasupportiveandupliftingenvironment,boostingmood.Ithasnosignificantimpactonthequalityofrelationships.Answer:CWhatisoneofthephysicalhealthbenefitsofpositivitymentionedinthepassage?Increasedriskofheartdisease.Reducedimmunefunction.Shorterlifespans.Reducedstressandanxiety.Answer:D(Note:WhileDisnotdirectlystatedasaphysicalhealthbenefit,itisindirectlyrelatedasreducedstressandanxietycanpositivelyimpactphysicalhealth.However,ifstrictlyadheringtothephysicalhealthaspect,amoreaccurateanswercouldbeinterpretedfromthetext,suchas“Betterimmunefunction”or“Reducedriskofheartdisease,”butsinceDistheclosestoptionprovided,itischosenbasedonthecontext.)三、完型填空（15分）ClozeTestDirections:Foreachblankinthefollowingpassage,therearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,C,andD.Choosetheonethatismostsuitableinthecontext.“Theearthisourhome,andwemusttakecareofit,”saidJohn,ayoungenvironmentalist.Hebelievedthateverylittleeffort(1)canmakeabigdifference.Oneday,while(2)awalkinthewoods,hestumbleduponalitteredarea.Plasticbottles,paperbags,andothertrashwerescatteredeverywhere.Withouthesitation,Johnbegantopickupthetrashandputitintoabaghehadbroughtwithhim.Asheworked,henoticedagroupofschoolchildrenapproaching.Tohissurprise,theyjoinedhiminhisefforts,andsoontheareawascleanedup.Johnsawthisasanopportunitytoeducatetheyoungminds.Hetalkedtothemabouttheimportanceofkeepingtheenvironmentcleanandtheconsequencesof(3)littering.Thechildrenlistenedintentlyandpromisedtodotheirpartinprotectingtheearth.Thenextday,Johnreceivedaletterfromoneofthechildren,thankinghimforthelesson.Thechildwrote,“Ineverrealizedhowmuchdamagewecancausebyjustthrowingawaytrashcarelessly.Now,Imakesuretoputallmytrashinthebinandencouragemyfriendstodothesame.Ievenstartedarecyclingclubatourschool!”Johnsmiled,feelingasenseofaccomplishment.Heknewthatbysettinganexampleand(4)others,hehadhelpedcreateasmallrippleofchangethatwouldhopefullyspreadfarandwide.Hisactionshadinspirednotjustthechildrenhemetthatdaybutalsotheirfamiliesandcommunities,showingthateveryindividualcanplayaroleinpreservingourplanet.TheworldneededmorepeoplelikeJohn,whowerewillingtotake(5)andmakeadifference,nomatterhowsmallitseemed.Answers:A)weB)takingC)habitualD)inspiringA)action四、语法填空题（本大题有10小题，每小题1分，共10分）1、—I’mnotgoodatphysics.______.Practicemoreandyou’llbegoodatit.A.NeitheramIB.SoamIC.NeitherIamD.SoIamAnswer:AExplanation:当表示前面所说的情况也适用于后者时，若前面为否定句，则使用“neither+助动词+主语”的结构；若前面为肯定句，则使用“so+助动词+主语”的结构。本句中前面为否定句，且主语为I，所以应使用“neitheramI”来表示“我也不擅长物理”。选项B“SoamI”表示“我也是”，但前面为否定句，故不适用。选项C“NeitherIam”语序错误，应为“NeitheramI”。选项D“SoIam”表示“我确实如此”，但在此上下文中不适用。2、—Howaboutgoingoutforawalkaftersupper?_______.ButIneedtofinishmyhomeworkfirst.A.I’dlovetoB.It’suptoyouC.That’sallrightD.NevermindAnswer:AExplanation:当被邀请做某事时，如果愿意参加，应使用“I’dloveto”表示“我很乐意”。本句中对方提出“晚饭后出去散步怎么样？”，回答者表示愿意但需要先完成作业，所以应使用“I’dloveto”。选项B“It’suptoyou”表示“由你决定”，不符合语境。选项C“That’sallright”通常用于回应对方的感谢或道歉，表示“没关系”或“不用谢”，不符合语境。选项D“Nevermind”用于回应对方的道歉或担忧，表示“没关系”或“不用担心”，同样不符合语境。3、Theoldmanwas_______(surprise)toseehissonbackhomeaftermanyyears.Answer:surprisedExplanation:在这个句子中，需要用到形容词来描述老人的情感状态。而”surprised”是形容词形式，表示“惊讶的”，适用于描述人的感受。而”surprise”是名词或动词形式，不适合这里。因此，正确答案是”surprised”。4、Iregret_______(notsay)goodbyetomygrandfatherbeforeheleft.Answer:notsayingExplanation:“regret”后面接动名词作为宾语，表示对已经发生的事情表示遗憾或后悔。在这个句子中，需要表达的是“我后悔没有和我祖父说再见”，所以应该用动名词的否定形式”notsaying”。如果直接用”notsay”，则语法上不正确，因为”regret”不能直接接动词原形或不定式作为宾语。5、Theboy________(promise)todotheworkifhehastime.Answer:promisesExplanation:Theverb“promise”inthissentenceneedstoagreewiththesubject“Theboy”,whichissingular.Sincethesentenceisnotinapasttensecontext,weusethesimplepresenttenseform“promises”toindicateahabitualorrepeatedaction.6、Ifit________(rain)tomorrow,wewillhavetocancelthepicnic.Answer:rainsExplanation:Thissentenceusestheconditionaltensestructure“If…will…”.Inthiscase,theconditionalclause(Ifitrains)referstoahypotheticalsituationinthefuture.Whentheconditionalclausereferstoafutureevent,weusethesimplepresenttenseintheclauseandthefuturetenseinthemainclause.Therefore,“rains”isthecorrectformoftheverb“rain”fortheconditionalclause.7、_____difficulttheproblemmaybe,wewilltrytosolveit.Answer:HoweverExplanation:Theword“however”isusedheretointroduceaconcessionclause,meaning“nomatterhow”.Itisfollowedbyanadjective“difficult”andthesubject“theproblem”toexpressthedegreeofdifficultyoftheproblem,regardlessofhowchallengingitmayseem.8、_____sheisverybusy,shestillfindstimetohelpothers.Answer:AlthoughExplanation:Theword“although”isusedheretointroduceaconcessiveclause,whichacknowledgesthefactthat“sheisverybusy”butstillstatesthat“shefindstimetohelpothers”.Thisshowsthatdespiteherbusyschedule,shemanagestomaketimeforhelpingothers.9、TheGreatWallis_______oneofthemostfamouswondersintheworldthatmillionsofpeoplepourineveryyear.A.soB.suchAnswer:BExplanation:在英语中，当我们想要表达“如此……以至于……”的结构时，如果中心词是名词，我们通常使用“such…that…”句型。而“so”则用于形容词或副词前。在这个句子中，“oneofthemostfamouswondersintheworld”是名词短语，因此正确的选择是“such”。所以，句子的意思是：“长城是如此著名的世界奇迹之一，以至于每年都有数百万人涌入。”10、Ifwe_______theotherroad,wemighthavearrivedhereintime.A.hadtakenB.tookAnswer:AExplanation:这个句子是一个虚拟条件句，它表示与过去事实相反的情况。在虚拟条件句中，如果条件与过去事实相反，从句使用过去完成时（haddone），主句使用“might/should/could/wouldhavedone”结构。根据句意“如果我们走了另一条路，我们可能已经及时到达这里了”，可以判断这是一个与过去事实相反的假设，因此从句应该使用过去完成时“hadtaken”。所以，正确答案是A。五、简答题（本大题有5小题，每小题2分，共10分）Question:InEnglishgrammar,whatisthedifferencebetweenthepresentsimpletenseandthepresentcontinuoustense?Provideanexamplesentenceforeach.Answer:Thepresentsimpletenseisusedtoexpresshabits,generaltruths,orfactsthatarealwaystrue.Italsoexpressesactionsthathappenregularlyorrepeatedlyinthepresent.Ontheotherhand,thepresentcontinuoustenseisusedtodescribeactionsthatarehappeningrightnoworactionsthatareplannedforthenearfuture.ExampleforPresentSimple:Ieatbreakfastat7a.m.everyday.ExampleforPresentContinuous:Iameatingbreakfastnow.Explanation:Thefirstsentenceusesthepresentsimpletense(“eat”)todescribeadailyhabit,whilethesecondsentenceemploysthepresentcontinuoustense(“ameating”)toindicateanactioninprogressatthemomentofspeaking.Question:ExplainthepurposeofthesubjunctivemoodinEnglishandgiveanexamplesentenceusingthesubjunctiveformoftheverb“be.”Answer:ThesubjunctivemoodinEnglishisusedtoexpresshypothetical,wishful,orimaginarysituations,ortoexpressapolite,formal,orindirectrequest.Itoftenconveysasenseofuncertainty,conditionality,ordesirability.ExampleSentence:IfIwereyou,Iwouldapologize.Explanation:Here,“were”isthesubjunctiveformof“tobe”inthepasttense,usedtoexpressahypotheticalcondition.Thesentencesuggestsanimaginaryscenariowherethespeakerisimaginingthemselvesintheplaceofthelistener,andgivingadvicebasedonthatimaginedsituation.Thesubjunctivemoodallowsforthiskindofhypotheticalorcounterfactualexpression.3、Question:Explainthedifferencesbetweenthepresentsimpletenseandthepresentcontinuoustense,andgiveanexamplesentenceforeach.Answer:Thepresentsimpletenseisusedtodescribehabits,generaltruths,orunchangingsituationsinthepresent.Itdoesnotemphasizetheongoingnatureoftheaction.Forexample:“Ieatanappleeveryday.”Thepresentcontinuoustense,ontheotherhand,isusedtodescribeactionsthatarehappeningrightnoworactionsthatareplannedandinprogress.Itemphasizestheongoingnatureoftheaction.Forexample:“Iameatinganapplenow.”Explanation:Thepresentsimpletensefocusesonroutines,habits,orfactsthatarealwaystrue,whilethepresentcontinuoustensehighlightsactionsthatarecurrentlyunderwayorabouttohappen.Thepresentsimpleusesthebaseformoftheverb(e.g.,eat)forthefirstpersonsingular(I/he/she/it)andadds“-s”or“-es”forthethirdpersonsingular.Thepresentcontinuoususes“am/is/are”+thepresentparticiple(verb+“-ing”)form.4、Question:Whatisthepassivevoice,andhowisitformedinEnglish?Provideanexamplesentence.Answer:Thepassivevoiceisagrammaticalstructureusedtodescribeanactionoreventinwhichthesubjectisacteduponratherthanacting.Itemphasizesthereceiveroftheactionratherthanthedoer.Itisformedbyusingthepastparticipleoftheverb,precededby“be”(am,is,are,was,were,etc.)andanynecessaryauxiliaryverbs.ExampleSentence:“ThebookwaswrittenbyJohn.”Explanation:Inthisexample,thesubject“thebook”isthereceiveroftheaction“written,”makingitapassivesentence.Theverb“waswritten”isinthepassivevoice,consistingofthepastparticiple“written”precededbytheauxiliaryverb“was.”Thisstructureshiftsthefocusfromthedoeroftheaction(John)tothereceiver(thebook).5、Question:Explainthedifferencesbetween“presentperfect”and“pastsimple”tensesinEnglishgrammar,givingexamplesforeach.Answer:The“presentperfect”tenseandthe“pastsimple”tenseinEnglishgrammardifferprimarilyintheirusageandmeaning.PresentPerfectTense:Thistenseisusedtodescribeactionsorsituationsthatstartedinthepastandhaveaconnectiontothepresenttime.Itemphasizestheresultorimpactofthepastactioninthepresent.Itisformedusing“have”or“has”+thepastparticipleoftheverb.Forexample:“Ihavefinishedmyhomework.”(Indicatesthehomeworkiscompletednow,andthecompletionaffectsthepresent.)“Shehastraveledtomanycountries.”(Showsthetravelexperienceshaveoccurredupuntilnow.)PastSimpleTense:Thistenseisusedtodescribeactionsorsituationsthathappenedataspecifictimeinthepast.Itdoesnothaveadirectconnectiontothepresenttimeandfocusessolelyonthepastevent.Itisformedusingthepasttenseformoftheverb.Forexample:“Ifinishedmyhomeworkyesterday.”(Indicatesacompletedactioninthepast,withoutanydirectconnectiontothepresent.)“ShetraveledtoJapanlastsummer.”(Describesaspecificpastevent.)Explanation:Thekeydistinctionliesinthecontextandrelevancetothepresent.Thepresentperfecttenseconnectsthepasttothepresent,emphasizingthepresentrelevanceorresultofapastaction.Incontrast,thepastsimpletensesimplystatesthatsomethinghappenedinthepast,withoutemphasizingitseffectonthepresent.UnderstandingthisdifferenceiscrucialforaccurateandprecisecommunicationinEnglish.六、书面表达题（15分）SectionVI:WrittenExpressionDirections:Writeashortessayofnolessthan100wordsonthetopic“TheImportanceofReadinginToday’sSociety.”Inyouressay,discussatleasttworeasonswhyreadingisesse