欧盟企业在中国建议书（2024-2025）汽车零部件工作组（英文）

Europeanchamber中国欧盟商会

AutoComponentsWorkingGroup

KeyRecommendations

1.OptimisePoliciesandRegulationsandStrengthenEnforcementinthe

IndependentAutomotiveAftermarket(IAM)toProtecttheInterestsofbothConsumersandAutomotiveComponentSuppliers

•Optimisethechannelsforthecirculationofautomotivecomponentstoensurethatdual-brandedpartscancirculatefreelyintheIAM.

•Reducedomesticautomobilemaintenancecoststointernationallycomparablelevelsandfurtherpromotedomesticautomotiveconsumption.

•Simplifythecustomsclearanceproceduresfordual-brandedpartstoreducecorporatecompliancecosts.

SectionThree:Goods

2.MandateSnowTyreUsageDuringtheColdSeasoninLow-temperature

AreastoImproveRoadSafetyandReduceSocietalCosts

•PromulgateinatimelymannerChina’snationalstandardsforsnowtyrestoregulatesnowtyreproductsandtheiruseintheChinesemarket.

•FormulatelegislationtomandatetheuseofsnowtyresinChina’slow-temperatureareastoimproveroadsafetyandreducethenegativeimpactonsociety.

3.AcceleratetheIntroductionandImplementationofRelevantDataStandards

andPromoteCollaborativeDataSharingAcrosstheIndustrytoDeveloptheIntelligentConnectedVehicle(ICV)Industry

•Standardiseandharmonisevehicledataformatsnationwideandcoordinatewithallindustrystakeholderstoactivelydevelopandunifyvehicledatastandards.

•Conductpilotprojectsfordataexchangegivingfullplaytotheroleofthemarket.

•Establishasound,independentthird-partyauthorisationsystemfordataserviceproviders.

4.AdoptaUnifiedStandardReferenceTestTyre(SRTT)thatisConsistent

withGlobalAutomobileandTyreIndustryStandards

•AdoptInternationalOrganizationforStandardization(ISO)testingmethodsforwetandicyroadsinChinesetyretestingstandardsandregulations,andmaintaintheuseoftheAmericanSocietyforTestingandMaterials(ASTM)StandardReferenceTestTyre(SRTT).

5.AcceleratetheRevisionofTechnicalSpecificationsfortheSafetyofPower-

drivenVehiclesOperatingonRoads(GB7258-2017)andOptimiseRoadSafetyTechnicalRequirementsforHeavyTrucks,CoachesandBuses

•AcceleratetherevisionprocessofGB7258-2017.

•Requireinstallationofelectronicbrakingsystems(EBSs)intractorsandtrucksover12tonnes.

•Requiremandatoryinstallationofdiscbrakesinthewheelsoftrucksandtractorsover12tonnesandtheirtrailers.

•RequiremandatoryinstallationofEBSsanddiscbrakesonallcoachesandbuses.

198AutoComponentsWorkingGroup

RecentDevelopments

InMay2023,theEuropeanCommissionextendedtheEuropeanUnion(EU)MotorVehicleBlockExemption(originallyscheduledtoexpireon31stMay2023)foranadditionalfiveyearsuntil31stMay2028.1ThisextensionwillcontinuetohelpcompaniesintheautomotiveindustryassessthecompatibilityoftheirverticalagreementswithEUcompetitionlaw,ensuringthataftermarketoperatorsmaintainaccesstovehicle-generateddataandrelatedcomponentsneededforrepairandmaintenance.Thisregulationholdsgreatsignificancetotheautomotiveaftermarketindustrybecauseitpromotesresourcesharingandhealthycompetition,whileprotectingconsumers’rightsandinterests.TheAutomotiveComponentsWorkingGrouprecommendsthattheChineseGovernmentadoptssimilarpoliciesormeasuresinChina.

InOctober2023,ninegovernmentagencies,includingtheMinistryofCommerce,jointlyissuedtheGuidingOpinionsonPromotingtheHigh-qualityDevelopmentoftheAutomotiveAftermarket(GuidingOpinions).2TheGuidingOpinionsaimtooptimisedistributionchannelsforautomotivecomponentsthroughtheestablishmentofinnovativebusinessmodels.Theyalsofocusondevelopingtechnicalstandards,traininganddigitalcapabilitiesfornewenergyvehiclemaintenancetosupportindustrygrowthandconsumerrights.Theworkinggroupanticipatesfurtherimplementationofthesepoliciesandwillactivelysupportthisprocess.

InDecember2023,theMinistryofIndustryandInformationTechnologyissuedtheStandardConditionsfortheMechanicalandElectricalProductRemanufacturingIndustry(Conditions),officiallyimplementedinJanuary2024.3TheworkinggroupwelcomestheConditionsastheyclarifythebasicrequirementsthatenterprisesinthemechanicalandelectricalproductremanufacturingindustrymustmeet,coveringremanufacturingcapabilities,managementsystems,safeproduction,environmentalprotectionandsocialresponsibility,after-salesserviceandvocationaleducation,amongothers.

1Motorvehicles–blockexemptionfromEuropeanUnioncompetitionlaw,EuropeanCommission,2ndJune2023,viewed9thApril2024,<

https://eur-lex.

europa.eu/EN/legal-content/summary/motor-vehicles-block-exemption-from-

european-union-competition-law.html

>

2GuidingOpinionsonPromotingtheHigh-qualityDevelopmentoftheAutomotiveAftermarket,MinistryofCommerce,13thOctober2023,viewed9thApril2024,<

/article/xwfb/xwrcxw/202310/20231003445580.shtml

>

3StandardConditionsfortheMechanicalandElectricalProductRemanufacturingIndustry,MinistryofIndustryandInformationTechnology,27thDecember2023,viewed9thApril2024,<

/zwgk/zcjd/art/2023/art_3c20e8e71

20746c8a269d970240a57e8.html

>

2024/2025

EuropeanBusinessinChinaPositionPaper欧盟企业在中国建议书

InMarch2024,theStateCouncilissuedtheActionPlanforPromotingLarge-scaleEquipmentUpdatingandTrade-inofConsumerGoods(ActionPlan)4aimedatencouragingtheremanufacturingofqualifiedwasteproductionequipment,andensuringthatremanufacturedproductsmeetorexceedtheoriginalproduct’squality,safetyandenvironmentalprotectionstandards.TheActionPlanpromotestheapplicationofnon-destructivetesting,additivemanufacturing,flexibleprocessingandothertechnicalprocesses.Additionally,itaimstofacilitatetheremanufacturingofconventionalequipment,suchasautomotivecomponents,engineeringmachineryandmachinetools.Theworkinggroupwelcomesthereleaseoftheseplansandlooksforwardtothefurtherimplementationofrelevantpolicies.

KeyRecommendations

1.OptimisePoliciesandRegulationsand

StrengthenEnforcementintheIAMtoProtecttheInterestsofbothConsumersandAutomotiveComponentSuppliers

Concern

AutomotivemanufacturersinChinaarepreventingoriginalcomponentsuppliersfromsellingthesameauthorisedautocomponentsintheindependentautomotiveaftermarket(IAM),whichdamagestheinterestsofbothsuppliersandconsumers.

Assessment

Inpractice,automotivemanufacturersimposerestrictionsonoriginalcomponentsuppliers,preventingthemfromusingtheirownmouldsandintellectualpropertyrights(IPR)toproduceandsellthesameautomotivecomponentsthatareinstalledonfactoryvehicles(i.e.,dual-brandedparts).5Theserestrictionsareoftenenforcedthroughthepracticeofclaimingthatsupplyagreementsfallunderoriginalequipmentmanufacturer(OEM)agreementswithoriginalequipmentsuppliers(OES).However,thedeterminationofwhetheranagreementqualifiesasatrueOEMagreementdependsonacase-by-caseevaluationofthesubstantivecontent,ratherthanrelyingsolelyontheformoftheagreement.AsstatedinArticle11oftheAnti-monopolyGuidelinesfortheAutomotiveIndustry,itisunnecessary

4ActionPlanforPromotingLarge-scaleEquipmentUpdatingandTrade-inofConsumerGoods,StateCouncil,7thMarch2024,viewed9thApril2024,<

https://

/gongbao/2024/issue_11246/202403/content_6941843.html

>

5‘Dual-brandedparts’areoriginalequipmentpartsandaftermarketaccessoriesthataremarkedwithboththevehiclemanufacturer’sandaccessorymanufacturer’strademarks,logosandpartcodes.

AutoComponentsWorkingGroup199

SectionThree:Goods

SectionThree:Goods

Europeanchamber中国欧盟商会

foranautocomponentmanufacturertorelyonanautomotivemanufacturer’stechnologyandequipmentiftheautocomponentmanufactureralreadypossessesorcanobtainsuchtools,IPR,orproprietarytechnologyonreasonableterms.Insuchacase,theagreementshouldnotberegardedasanOEMagreement.Morespecifically,ifanautomotivemanufactureronlyprovidesgeneraldescriptiveinformationaboutthecontractproductbutrestrictstheoriginalcomponentsupplierfromsupplyingcomponentstotheafter-salesmarketunderitsownbrand,iteffectivelyhinderstheoriginalcomponentsupplierfromexpandingtheirbusinessinrelatedareas,limitscompetitioninrelevantmarkets,inflatesproductprices,andunderminesthelegitimaterightsandinterestsofconsumers.6

China’sautomotivemaintenancecostsalreadyexceedinternationallevels.Accordingtothe17thAutomotiveParts-to-WholeRatioSystemIndexStudybytheAutoTechnologyInstituteofChinaInsuranceResearchInstitute,theparts-to-wholeratiooftheinvestigatedmodelswas368.01percent,surpassingthenormalinternationallevel(300percent).7Additionally,astudybytheGermanInsuranceAssociationindicatesthatmaintenancecostsofelectricvehiclesare30to35percenthigherthanthoseofsimilarfuel-poweredvehicles.8Consideringthegrowingpenetrationrateanddevelopmenttrendsofelectricvehicles,thiswillinevitablyresultinacontinuousincreaseincostsforconsumers.Itisalsonotconducivetothecountry’sgoalofencouragingandexpandingautomobileconsumptionandpromotingthesustainableandhealthydevelopmentofnewenergyvehicles.

Theserestrictionsimposedbyautomotivemanufacturersonoriginalcomponentssuppliershaveunderminedfreecompetitionintheindustryandlimitedconsumers’choicesforrepairingandreplacingautocomponents.Theworkinggroupbelievesthattoencouragethehealthydevelopmentoftheindustryandprotectthelegitimaterightsandinterestsofconsumers,thecirculationchannelsofautocomponentsshouldbeoptimisedtoensurethatdual-brandedpartscan

6Anti-monopolyGuidelinesoftheAnti-MonopolyCommissionoftheStateCouncilontheAutomobileIndustry,StateAdministrationforMarketRegulation,18thSeptember2020,viewed9thApril2024,<

/zw/zfxxgk/

fdzdgknr/fldj/art/2023/art_c349cba8055045c197efcef5d84e8182.html

>

7IntroductiontotheAutomobileParts-to-wholePriceRatioProject,CIRIAutoTechnologyInstitute,22ndMarch2024,viewed9thApril2024,<

http://www.ciri.

/lingzhengbi

>

8Study:E-carsareathirdmoreexpensivetorepairthancomparablecombustioncars,GermanInsuranceAssociation,26thOctober2023,viewed9thApril2024,<

https://www.gdv.de/gdv-en/media/study-e-cars-are-a-third-more-expensive-to-

repair-than-comparable-combustion-cars-157520

>

200AutoComponentsWorkingGroup

circulatefreelyintheIAM.

Anadditionalchallengeisthat,forimporteddual-brandedparts,customsclearanceproceduresarecomplicatedduetothepresenceofboththeautomotivemanufacturers’andtheoriginalcomponentssuppliers’trademarksontheouterpackaging.Importersarerequiredbycustomstoprovideauthorisationlettersorstatementsindicatingthatbothparties’logosandbrandscanbeusedontheparts.Thisrequirementprolongstheimportdeliverytimeforthepartsandincreasescompliancecostsforbusinesses.

Recommendations

•Optimisethechannelsforthecirculationofautomotivecomponentstoensurethatdual-brandedpartscancirculatefreelyintheIAM.

•Reducedomesticautomobilemaintenancecoststointernationallycomparablelevelsandfurtherpromotedomesticautomotiveconsumption.

•Simplifythecustomsclearanceproceduresfordual-brandedpartstoreducecorporatecompliancecosts.

2.MandateSnowTyreUsageDuringtheColdSeasoninLow-temperatureAreastoImproveRoadSafetyandReduceSocietalCosts

Concern

TherearenoregulationstomandatetheusageofwintertyresincomplexroadconditionsofsnowandslushinChina’slow-temperatureregions,whichsignificantlyincreasestyre-relatedcrashesandfatalities.

Assessment

Snowyandicyroadconditionsarecommoninthelow-temperatureregionsofChina.9Insuchconditions,thetreadcompoundofnormaltyrestendtostiffenandlosetractionandgrip,whichmakesaccelerating,10corneringandbrakinglessreliableandriskier.11

9China’slow-temperatureareasrefertoHeilongjiang,JilinandLiaoningprovinces,andthenorthernpartofXinjiangandInnerMongoliaautonomousregions,amongothers.

10Thetreadcompoundistheoutermostlayerofthetyrethatisincontactwiththeroadsurfaceandhasapatternprintedonthesurface.

11Theterm‘wintertyres’iscommonlyusedinthecommercialmarketandgenerallyincludesthreetypesoftyre,eachwithdifferentperformancestandards.Thefollowingisageneraldescriptionofthethreetypes,asnoregulationcurrentlyprovidestechnicaldefinitions:Slushtyres:Noadditionalperformancedefinitionsorrequirements,onlymarkingssuchas‘M+S,M/S’onthetyresidewall;Wintertyres:Addedperformancedefinitionsandrequirements.Inadditiontothe‘M+S,M/S’markingsonthetyresidewall,theymustalsobemarkedwiththesnowflakesymbol‘’;Icetyres:Additionalperformancedefinitionsandrequirements.Inadditiontothe‘M+S,M/S’markingandthesnowflakesymbol‘’,thetyresidewallmustalsobemarkedwiththeicyroadsymbol‘△’.

Snowtyresarespeciallydevelopedforwinteruse,withasoftrubbercompoundandtreadpatterndesignedtodeliveroptimisedgripanddrivingperformanceincomplexroadconditions,suchassnowandice,withsignificantlyimprovedbrakingdistance.Theiruseiscrucialtoavoidsideslipsandensuredrivingsafety.AccordingtodatafromtheChinaIn-depthAccidentStudyconductedbytheChinaAutomotiveTechnologyandResearchCentre,theuseofsnowtyresreducedthenumberoftrafficaccidentscausedbytyresbyhalfandthenumberoffatalaccidentsbymorethandoubleintheareassurveyedbetween2019and2022.12Promotingtheuseofsnowtyresandformulatinglegislationandstandardstomandatetheirusearethereforeessentialtoincreasingdrivingsafetyinsnowyandicyroadconditions.

Recommendations

•PromulgateinatimelymannerChina’snationalstandardsforsnowtyrestoregulatesnowtyreproductsandtheiruseintheChinesemarket.

•FormulatelegislationtomandatetheuseofsnowtyresinChina’slow-temperatureareastoimproveroadsafetyandreducethenegativeimpactonsociety.

3.AcceleratetheIntroductionandImplementationofRelevantDataStandardsandPromoteCollaborativeDataSharingAcrosstheIndustrytoDeveloptheICVIndustry

Concern

Currentdata-relatedpoliciesandstandardsinChina’sICVindustrylackclarity,makingitdifficultforautomotivecomponentsandafter-salesmaintenancecompaniestoobtainvehicleoperationdataeffectively.

Assessment

VehicledrivingdataisanimportantresourceforthedevelopmentofICVs,anditsmaincollectorsandprocessorsareOEMs.Itscollectioncancreatebarrierstocompetitionandleadtodatamonopolies.Withoutclearregulations,relevantdatawillonlybeunderthecontrolofOEMs,resultinginautomotivecomponentsmanufacturersandafter-salesserviceprovidersbeingunabletoobtaintherelevantdatathatwillallowthemtoimprovetheirproductsandservices,therebyaffecting

12ThisdatafromtheChinaIn-depthAccidentStudydatabasewassuppliedbya

workinggroupmembercompany.

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EuropeanBusinessinChinaPositionPaper欧盟企业在中国建议书

thehealthydevelopmentoftheindustryandfaircompetition.

WhileChinahasenactedseveraldataprotection-relatedlaws,thereislimitedprogressindataflow,sharing,utilisationandstandardisation,especiallyintheautomotivesector.

Recommendations

•Standardiseandharmonisevehicledataformatsnationwideandcoordinatewithallindustrystakeholderstoactivelydevelopandunifyvehicledatastandards.

•Conductpilotprojectsfordataexchangegivingfullplaytotheroleofthemarket.

•Establishasound,independentthird-partyauthorisationsystemfordataserviceproviders.

4.AdoptaUnifiedSRTTthatisConsistent

withGlobalAutomobileandTyreIndustryStandards

Concern

China’splantouseanindependentlyproducedSRTTinsteadoftheexistingglobalstandardwillleadtomarketaccessbarriersandunnecessaryadditionalcostsforautomotivecomponentmanufacturers.

Assessment

TheSRTTwasdesignedinthe1980sbytheAmericanSocietyforTestingandMaterials(ASTM)tocomparetheperformanceoftyresusedindifferenttypesofvehicles.TheSRTTisnowusedinvariousInternationalOrganizationforStandardization(ISO)standardsandregulatorytestsworldwide.However,ChinaisalsodevelopingitsownSRTTgroupstandard—theChinaMeteorologicalAssociation(CMA)-SRTT—whichwillbeusedforfuturetyreregulationsinChina.

SRTTsarespecialisedtesttyresthatcanbeusedtoevaluatetyrebrakingandtractiononwetandicyroads,gripperformance,andtheroughnessandsoundabsorptioncoefficientoftestsites.HavingtwodifferentSRTTs—oneforChinaandonefortherestoftheworld—willleadtodifferenttestresultsforthesametyreandmakeitnecessarytoconductthesametesttwice.13Asalltyrecompanies(includingChinesebrands

13Accordingtomembercompanies’limitedexperiments,asevenpercentdiscrepancywasfoundinwettractionbetweenASTM-SRTTandCMA-SRTTtyresforpassengercarsat15°C.Thisperformancedifferencevarieswithtemperature,rangingfromtwoto12percent.Thelimitedavailabledataalsoshowsadifferenceofbetweenthreeand15percentforSRTTtyresontrucks.

AutoComponentsWorkingGroup201

SectionThree:Goods

SectionThree:Goods

Europeanchamber中国欧盟商会

solddomesticallyandexported)facechallengeswhenexpandingglobally,differingSRTTtestswillalsogreatlyincreasetyre-makers’researchanddevelopmentcosts.TheworkinggroupthereforerecommendsthatChinamaintainstheuseoftheASTM-SRTTindomestictyretestingstandardsandregulationstounifyperformancestandardsasmuchaspossiblewhilemaintainingstability.Thiswillreducethetestingburdenontyremanufacturers,optimisethebusinessenvironment,eliminatetradebarriersandensureconsistencywithglobalstandards,ultimatelybenefittingallautomotivebusinessesoperatinginChina.

Recommendation

•AdoptISOtestingmethodsforwetandicyroadsinChinesetyretestingstandardsandregulations,andmaintaintheuseoftheASTM-SRTT.

5.AcceleratetheRevisionofGB7258-2017andOptimiseRoadSafetyTechnicalRequirementsforHeavyTrucks,CoachesandBuses

Concern

Whilethecombinationofelectronicbrakingsystems(EBSs)anddiscbrakescaneffectivelyenhancethesafetyofcommercialvehicles,thescopeofapplicationofChina’smandatorystandardsforsuchproductsisstillrelativelylimited.

Assessment

ThenationalstandardTechnicalSpecificationsfortheSafetyofPower-drivenVehiclesOperatingonRoads(GB7258-2017)14hasplayedanimportantroleinenhancingmotorvehicleoperationsafetysinceitsrelease.However,therapiddevelopmentofChina’slogisticsandtransportationindustryhasresultedinmorefrequenttrafficaccidentsinvolvingheavytrucksandcoaches,indicatinganurgentneedtoupdateandoptimisethisstandardtomeetnewtechnologicalandmanagementdemands.15

First,expandingtheinstallationscopeofEBSsanddiscbrakescaneffectivelyimprovetheactivesafety

14TechnicalSpecificationsforSafetyofPower-drivenVehiclesOperatingonRoads,StandardizationAdministrationofChina,29thSeptember2017,viewed11thApril2024,<

/bzgk/gb/newGbInfo?hcno=06A0C376A0CA7

B14E93106194C99730F

>

15In2023,theNationalTechnicalCommitteeofAutoStandardizationlaunchedaconsultationontheimplementationeffectsandrevisionsuggestionsforGB7258-

2017.ManymembersoftheEuropeanChamberwereinvitedtoparticipateinmakingsuggestions.

202AutoComponentsWorkingGroup

ofheavytrucksandpassengerbuses.InEurope,theinstallationrateofEBSsoncommercialvehiclesexceeds90percent.16Bycontrast,thepenetrationrateinChinaisonlyabout10percent.EBSscanimprovebrakingresponsespeed,enhanceanti-lockbrakingprotectionandelectronicstabilitycontrolperformance,distributebrakingforcebasedonvehicleloadandsupportbrakingassisttechnology.EBSsarealsomuchmorecompatiblewithadvancedemergencybrakingsystems(AEBSs)andachieveoptimalmatchingofbrakingforcebetweenthetractorandtrailerthroughcouplingforcecontrol,significantlyimprovingdrivingsafety.

Comparedwithdrumbrakes,discbrakesexhibithigherbrakingtorqueandstability.Testresultsshowthatfullyequippeddisc-brakedvehiclescanreducebrakingdistancesby30percentatspeedsabove90km/hcomparedtofullydrum-brakedsetups.Inmountainousandlongdownhillconditions,theycaneffectivelypreventbrakefadecausedbyoverheatedfrictionmaterials,therebypreventingmajortrafficaccidents.Additionally,thequickresponseofdiscbrakescaneffectivelyexecuteEBScommands,enhancingvehiclesafetyanddrivingcomfort.17

Second,AEBSsareexpectedtobepromotedwidelyinChina’scommercialvehiclemarketinthefuture.SynergiesbetweenAEBSs,EBSsanddiscbrakescanprovideoptimalbrakingper