版权说明:本文档由用户提供并上传,收益归属内容提供方,若内容存在侵权,请进行举报或认领
文档简介
TheVoiceof
DigitalLeadersin
Manufacturing2024
SurveyReport
12
Contents
Introduction3
Chapter1
Organizinginvestmentsarounddigitalambitions
7
Chapter2
Businessstrategiesforfuturechange
23
Chapter3
Trendsdefiningtheindustryin2024
41
Chapter4
Expertinsights
53
Executivesummary
59
About63
SurveyReport
Valtech|Copperberg
Welcometothethirdissueofourannualreport,TheVoiceofDigitalLeadersinManufacturing.
TheVoiceofDigitalLeadersinManufacturing2024Contents
34
Introduction
Valtech|CopperbergSurveyReportTheVoiceofDigitalLeadersinManufacturing2024Introduction
5Introduction
Welcometothethirdissueofourannualreport,TheVoiceofDigitalLeadersinManufacturing,acollaborativestudybetweenCopperbergandValtech.Inthisedition,wesurveyedvisionaryleadersfromB2Bmanufacturingacrossthe
globe—andtheresultspaintacomprehensive
overviewofthecurrentstateofdigitaltransformationintheindustry.
Oneoftheclearfindingsofthissurveyisthatthe
mostsignificantdigitalgrowthformanufacturersin2024isexpectedintheaftermarket.Traditionalchannels,likedistributorsandsalesrepresenta-
tivesremaindominant,however,thelargestgrowthisexpectedinecommerceandcustomerportals.
Aremanufacturersgearinguptounlockthe
potentialoftheseonlinechannels?Especially
whileintegratingcommerceanddigitalservices?Thatisthebigquestionthatthisreportwillanswer.Inaglobaleconomiclandscapemarked
byuncertaintyandinflation,theindustrial
manufacturingsectorfacesadualchallenge:
embracingdigitaltransformationwhilenavigatingthehypesurroundingAIandservitization.While
thesetechnologiesofferpromisingopportunities,manufacturersmustcarefullymanageexpectationsandadapttoshiftingmarketconditions.
Organizationsarecurrentlyataninflectionpoint,definedbyhighexpectationsandambiguity
SurveyReport
Valtech|Copperberg
6
aboutwhatliesahead.Manyarestillworkingsteadilythroughtheearlystagesofdigital
transformation,mappingoutthefundamentalaspectsoftheirjourney.
Inthisreport,we’llexploretheambitions,
investments,hopes,andconcernsarounddigital,outliningemergingtrendsandsheddinglightuponthedirectionoftheindustryin2024.Thedatain
thisreportwascollectedthroughahybridresearchapproach,combiningqualitativeandquantitativemethods.Nearly100surveyparticipants
representingmorethan300BEUR+annual
turnoverhavesharedtheirtransformationinsights
andvisions.Beyondthestatistics,theyprovidedhashtagsandanswerstoopenquestions,thus
representingTheVoicesbehindthedigitaljourneyandgivinggreatinsightsintotherealityofthese
largeB2Borganizations.
Withthisreport,weaimtoprovidepracticaladviceandrecommendationstoassistyouinnavigatingthechallengesofthecomingyear.Theinsights
sharedbythesedigitalleaderswillempoweryoutomakeinformeddecisionsonyourtransformationjourneyandhelpyouaccelerateyourdigital
ambitionswithsuccessfuloutcomes.—
LisaHellqvist
ManagingDirector,Copperberg
HerbertPesch
ManagingDirector,ValtechB2B
MaschaTamarinof
GlobalVertical
LeadB2B,Valtech
Let'stalk
B2B
JoinourLet’stalkB2BLinkedIngroup
Thesurveyisbuiltwithahybridresearchapproach;acombinationoftwomarketresearchtechniques,qualitativeandquantitativethroughanonlinesurveytool.Thequantitativeelementsweredesignedasmultiplecheckboxquestionstocollectnumericaldatathatcanbeusedtomeasurevariables.Theresultsareusedtosupportgeneralconclusionsfromtheresearchandshouldbeconsideredasindications.Thequalitativeelementsweredesignedasopenendedquestionsinthesameonlinesurveytool.Qualitativeresearchseekstodelvedeepintothetopicathandtogaininformationaboutpeople’smotivations,thinking,andattitudes.Theopen-endedquestionsinthiscasearetheretoputahumanvoicetotheobjectivenumbersandtrendsintheresults.Thedataselectionapproachisatwo-stageclustersampling.
Theclusterisdefinedbythefollowingscreeningcriterias:Selectiononsizeoforganization,industryvertical,jobfunctionandinfluenceoverdecisionswithinthesurveyedtopicarea.Fromthisselectionarandomizedconveniencesamplingapproachwasusedforcollectionofdata.Thescreeningwasincludedintheonlinesurveyandrespondentsnotmatchingthepopulation'scriteriaweredisqualifiedbeforeenteringthesurvey.Onlyqualifiedrespondentsanswersareincludedinthetotaldataanalysis.Thisreportaimstodescribeageneralstate,withcomparableresultstolastyear'sreport.Theanswerstoitshouldnotbeconsideredasstatisti-callysignificant(64validresponses),butmainlythankstoitsqualitativeapproach,reflectingtheunderlyingattitudesandtrendsformingtherespondents'answers.
TheVoiceofDigitalLeadersinManufacturing2024
78
01.
Organizing
investmentsarounddigitalambitions
SurveyReport
Valtech|Copperberg
TheVoiceofDigitalLeadersinManufacturing2024Chapter1
9
Interestinginsights
Twooutofthreeorganizationsconsiderthemselvesambitiousplayersoroutrightmarketleaders.
30%oftheorganizationsclaimtobeaheadofthecompetitionthisyear,asignificantincreasefromthe16%fromlastyear’sreport.
Ambitiousorganizationsrankaheadofthecompetition,showingthatthereisalinkbetweentransformationinitiativesanddigitalmaturity.
Valtech|Copperberg
Chapter1
TheinfluenceofITondecision-makingregardingdigitalbudgetshasgrowncomparedtolastyear.
Halfofthecompaniesenvisioning
themselvesasambitiousoronthewaytobecomingmarketleadersplantomaintaintheircurrentinvestmentlevelsnextyear.
Theemergingdecision-makerthisyearistheDedicatedDigitalDepartment,
whichplaysakeyroleforalmost34%oforganizations.
SurveyReport
Organizinginvestmentsarounddigitalambitions10
Thetopreasonsforsloworfailinginternal
adoptionarereluctancetochangeorembracedigitaltools(49%),lackofcross-functionalanddepartmentalcollaboration(46%),andlackofownershipofdigitalatthelocallevel(46%).
TheVoiceofDigitalLeadersinManufacturing2024
11Chapter1Organizinginvestmentsarounddigitalambitions12
Themanufacturingindustryhasbeenona
“
Youneeda“OneTeamapproach”.Thewinningteamistheonethatrealizesthattoreapthe
advantageoffreeingupyourtime,youneedtofirstinvesttimeintrainingandonboardingactivities.
Whenoursalesengineersclearlyseethevalueofthecustomerself-servetheyalsobecomegreatpromoters.Foreveryoneit’sclear
thatcommissionremainsthesamesowith
ecommerceyouwillactuallygetmoreforless!
transformativejourneytowarddigitalmaturityinrecentyearsanditwasnodifferentthisyear.
Againstthebackdropofrisinginflation,uncertainmarketconditions,andashrinkingtalentpool,thechallengeshavebeenmoreinternallyfocusedthaneverbefore.
Still,ambitiousmanufacturingorganizationsand
thoseaspiringtoclaimmarketleadershipare
dominatingthemarket.Two-thirdsoforganizationsconfidentlypositionthemselvesasambitious
playersor,insomeinstances,asoutrightmarketleaders,reflectingconsistentinitiativeswiththepreviousyear.
However,thenumbersindicateamore
KarinÖrnsten
SmartPortalProgramManager,AtlasCopco
conservativeattitudecomparedtolastyear,whenmoreorganizationsenvisionedthemselvesas
moreambitious,andthisyearwealsoseemore
organizationsvotingtheirambitionsaslimited.Thismayhavebeeninfluencedbythemarketbecomingmorematureandhencemorerealisticaboutratingthemselvesonthescaleofdigitalmaturity.
2022
2023
2024
Thedigitalambitionoftheentireorganizationis:
59%
60%
47%
27%
30%
27%
24%
8%
5%
3%
8%
0%
0%
0%
2%
NotimportantLimitedAverageAmbitiousMarketleader
SurveyReport
Valtech|Copperberg
Thedigitalmaturitycomparedto202220232024
competitorsis:
63%
44%
50%
24%
31%
30%
19%
18%
14%
3%
0%
2%
2%
2%
0%
FarbehindBehindAverageAheadFarahead
TheVoiceofDigitalLeadersinManufacturing2024
13Chapter1
63%
Thebudgetfordigitalinvestmentsnextyearisgoingto:
2022
2023
2024
47%
47%
39%
36%
15%
20%
11%
11%
5%
0%
0%
1%
2%
3%
Decreasewithmorethan20%
Decreaseby1-20%Staythesame
Increaseby1-20%Increasewith
morethan20%
SurveyReport
Valtech|Copperberg
Organizinginvestmentsarounddigitalambitions14
Thisyear,30%oforganizationsrankthemselvesaheadoftheircompetitors,comparedtothe16%inlastyear'ssurvey.Theincreasednumberof
organizationspositioningthemselvesthisway
couldindicateprogressindigitalcapabilitiesthatwereprioritizedlastyear.
Ambitionasacatalystfor
digitalmaturity
Halfofthecompaniesenvisioningthemselvesasambitiousoronthewaytobecomingmarket
leadersplantomaintaintheircurrentinvestmentlevelsnextyear.
Meanwhile,theotherhalfisreadytoboosttheirbudgets.Thisdoesnotsuggestanythingaboutthesizeofthebudgetitselfthough,whichcan
beassumedtoalreadybequitesubstantial.
Nevertheless,theslowdownofgrowthindigitalinvestmentsobservedinrecentyearsseemstobestabilizingthisyear.Theoveralltrendeven
indicatesapossibleuptickindigitalinvestments.
47%ofourrespondentsindicatethatdigitalinvestmentsaremainlydecidedbytheIT
department,whoseinfluencehasslightlyincreasedcomparedtolastyear.Marketing’sinfluencehas
Thedivisions/departmentswiththemostinfluenceindecisionmakingonthisbudgetis:
IT
DedicatedDigitalDepartment
Sales
Finance
Marketing
Other
Production/Operations
SupplyChain
HR
0%
4%
16%
16%
11%
20%
25%
34%
50%
TheVoiceofDigitalLeadersinManufacturing2024
15
declinedby15%andisslowlybeingreplacedbyanemergingdecision-makerthisyear—theDedicatedDigitalDepartment.Thisnewdepartmentnow
playsakeyroleforalmost34%oforganizations,comparedto19%inlastyear’ssurvey.
Internaladoptionchallenges
Lastyear'sreportshowedthatmanymanufacturers
struggledwiththeinternaladoptionofdigital
initiativesandservices.Thisyear'sfindings
showthatthetopreasonsforsloworfailing
internaladoptionarereluctancetochange
orembracedigitaltools(49%),lackofcross-
functionalanddepartmentalcollaboration
(46%),andlackofownershipofdigitalatthelocallevel(46%).Theresultsthisyearagainreflect
acommonorganizationalculturestrugglethat
TheVoiceofDigitalLeaders2024
Reluctancetochange/embracingdigitaltools
Nocross-functionaland
departmentalcollaboration
Noownershipofdigitalatthelocallevel
Valtech|Copperberg
Chapter1
canbeaddressedwithchangemanagement,collaboration,andamorecohesiveapproachtodigitalownership.
Theimpactofcommerciallyorientedfactorson
sloworfailinginternaladoptionvariesacross
organizations.Comparedtothosefallingbehind,organizationsthatarepositionedaheadofthe
competitionshowsignificantlyloweraverage
scoresonthecommerciallyorientedfactors,
suchasunclearP&Lownershiponecommerceorinsufficientincentivesforsales.Thissuggeststhatdigitalleadershaveaddressedtheseaspectsin
theiroperationsbetterthanothers.
However,theadoptionofnewdigitalcommercechannelsbyserviceandsalesteamsremainsanimportanttopic.Anexampleofanobviousbutimpactfulmeasureisthatdigitalsalesshould
beincorporatedintothebonusschemesforsalesteams.—
SurveyReport
Organizinginvestmentsarounddigitalambitions16
Expertinsight
Asthisyear’sreportshows,digitalleadersin
manufacturingareincreasinglyawareofthe
potentialbusinessopportunitiesthroughthedigitalchannelsintheaftermarket.Buttheyfaceseriouschallengesseizingtheseopportunities.
Weseearisingmaturityofservitizationin
manufacturing.Manufacturersevolvefromsellingproductstoofferingincreasinglycomprehensivesolutions,withmultipleservicesintegratedin
theirofferings.Manyseehugeopportunitiesintransformingtheirbusinesstowardsoutcome-basedorAs-A-Servicemodels.These
transformationsrequirerobustcommerceandcustomerportalplatformsforeffectiveservicedelivery.Thus,creatingseamlessaccessto
services,helpingclientstooptimizetheirassets,fleetsorinstalledbases.
TheriseofIndustry4.0technologieslikeIoT,AI,
androboticsmandatestheadoptionofsophisticateddigitalchannels.Typically,
manufacturershavealotofdigitalinitiatives,
scatteredthroughouttheirorganizationandIT
landscape.Theseservicesneedtobeabletoscalebeyondtheorganizationalsilos.Customersexpectaunifiedpersonalizedexperiencewithreal-time
insightsintotheirassets.However,deliveringonthispromiseisnotwithoutchallenges.
Oneoftheprimaryhurdlesistheintegrationoftheseadvanceddigitalplatformswithexistinglegacysystemsandsiloeddataarchitectures.Thiscanbecomplexandresourceintensive.Tosupporttheirdigitalambitions,manufacturersneedtoinvestsignificantlyinevaluatingand
upgradingtheirITinfrastructuretocreatethe
requiredflexibilityandagility.Thecomposable
approachtoaddressthesechallengesisontherise.
Anotherconundrumliesintheabilitytoscaleandmonetizethenewdigitalservicesandbusiness
models.Unlockingthetruevalueoftheseimprovedcustomerexperiencesrequiresasoliddata
foundationwithhighqualitycustomerandassetdata.Investinginthisfoundationismandatoryformanufacturersiftheywanttoleapaheadintheirservitizationjourney.
Lastly,maintainingacustomer-centricfocusin
digitaltransformationiscrucial.Manufacturers
mustensurethatthesedigitalchannelsgenuinelyenhancecustomerexperienceandengagement,andresultintruevalue-addedservices.Thisis
somethingquitedifferentfrommerelydigitizingexistingprocesses.Itmeansintegrationofdigitalcapabilitiesintothebusinessteamstobeabletoempowercreation,innovationandoptimizationofthesenewservicesandcustomerexperiences.
Overcomingthesechallengesisessentialforindustrialmanufacturerstounlockthefull
potentialofdigitalcommerceandcustomerportalsintheaftermarket.
DennisHoutzager
DeliveryDirector,ValtechB2B
TheVoiceofDigitalLeadersinManufacturing2024
17Chapter1
TheVoiceofDigitalLeaders:successfuldigitalinitiatives
Weaskedoursurveyedleadersforthe#hashtagtheywouldusetobestdescribetheirmost
successfulinitiativethathelpeddriveadoption.
Wealsoaskedthemtoelaborateonthathashtag.Thisiswhattheytoldus:
#hybridsales
Establishingasalesorganizationthatembracesdigitalizationforallkindsofcustomers.
#whynotonline
Anysalesopscanbedoneonlinebutmanypeopledon’tseeitthatwayuntilyouexplainittothem.
#operationalefficiency
Digitaltoolsforourcustomersare
importanttodriveoperationalefficiency(self-service).
#digitalexchange
Onlinetrainingandmeetingsareofferedaroundtheglobetohelpgrowdigital
awarenessandinitiatives.
#dataistheking
Inservice,weneeddataanditisscattered,sowhynotembracedigitaltransformationtosupportthetransition?
#ecommerce
Ecommercefunctionsasamoverofotherprojectsrelatedtoprocessoptimizationandautomation.
SurveyReport
Valtech|Copperberg
Organizinginvestmentsarounddigitalambitions18
#ceobuyin
Supportfromthetop.
#sustainability
Newdigitaltoolsforhelpingourcustomerswithsustainabilityreportshavegivenanewpushtoourdigitaladoption.
#digitalbusinessvalue
Thesuccessdriverforourdevelopmenthas
beentheadoptionandsponsorshipbyour
businesslines.Ecommerceisabrickoffull
customerexperiencedigitalizationthatdrives
businessvalueforthecustomer,whichtranslatesintobusinessvalueforourgroup(pricing,marketshare,andmarketretention).
TheVoiceofDigitalLeadersinManufacturing2024
19Chapter1
#courage
P&Lleadersjustmakealeapoffaithanddo
anMVP,havingtheconfidenceofsucceedingeventuallyinsteadofendlesslyreviewingeverytinydetailoftheproject.B2Bcommerceis
toocomplexanddynamictotreatitwiththeperfectionistmindsetofatypicalNPDproject.
#topmanagement
Thetopmanagementbuy-inonthewayof
workingiskeytoincreasingadoption.Iftop
managementstartstofollowupthebusinessbyrequestingtheusageofthenewlyimplementeddigitaltools,theneveryonebelowhastostarttousethem.Ifthetopmanagementstillallowstheuseofoldwaysofworking,thenewtoolswillnotbeadoptedbyeveryone.
Valtech|Copperberg
SurveyReport
Organizinginvestmentsarounddigitalambitions20
#customerfacingproduct
#customerexperience
Internaldigitalizationismostlyrelatedto
costsavings/processoptimization(bottomline).Focusonthecustomercancreatenewrevenuestreams(topline).
Manyofourdigitaleffortsfocusonmakingourcompanyaneasy-to-do-business-withorganizationwherewequotefastandactinapredictablemanner.
#resistance
#changemanagement
Withoutchangemanagementcombined
withastrategy,itisveryhardtoconvince
theorganizationtofullyaccepttheneedfordigitaltransformation.
TheVoiceofDigitalLeadersinManufacturing2024
It'saboutchangemanagementandunderstandingwhypeopleresist.
21
Keytakeaways
01.
Digitizingthe
#customerexperienceand#customerservice
isthekeyto
#customersatisfaction.
Arecurrentcustomer-centricthemeamongthehashtagsshowsthatdigitaliscreatingacompetitiveedge.Italsoreflectshow
muchcustomerbehaviorhaschanged
overthepastthreeyears,withanincreasedpreferenceforonlinetransactionsand
theconvenienceofself-service.Creatingasmoothwayofdoingbusinessforyourcustomersiskey.
Valtech|Copperberg
Chapter1
SurveyReport
Organizinginvestmentsarounddigitalambitions22
02.
Evenwhenrecentlylaunched,#ecommerceinitiativesand#digitalservicesarestartingtodrive#digitalbusinessvalue.
Theintegrationofecommerceanddigital
servicesstandsoutasakeydriverof
digitalbusinessvalue.Fororganizations
rankingasdigitallymature,settinguponline
customerportalshasprovidedafoundation
foradditionaldigitalfunctionalities,optimization,andautomation.
03.
Meeting#resistancewith#changemanagementtobecomefitforthe#future.
Recognizingandunderstandingresistanceiscrucialforeffectivechangemanagement.Foreveryonetobeonboardwithdigital
transformation,itisimportanttodevisea
strategicapproachtochangemanagement.
Thismustincludebuildingavisionfor
thelongterm,creatingmock-upsearly
intheprocess,aligningobjectives,
involvingstakeholders,andcollaboratingcross-functionally.
TheVoiceofDigitalLeadersinManufacturing2024
2324
02.
Businessstrategiesforfuturechange
SurveyReport
Valtech|Copperberg
TheVoiceofDigitalLeadersinManufacturing2024Chapter2
25
Interestinginsights
Concernsaboutnewentrantsinthe
markethaveincreasedby23%comparedtolastyear.
Thetopdigitalbusinessgoalfor82%oforganizationsin2024isincreasingtheshareofwalletandrevenuegrowthfromexistingcustomers.
Twooutofthreerespondentsareinvestingincustomerportalsthisyearcomparedtothe50%ofrespondentsfromlastyear.
Valtech|Copperberg
Chapter2
Newequipmentandproductsdrivethe
mostrevenuethroughdirectsalesfor61%oforganizations.
Thenumberoforganizationsrelyingonecommerceforaftermarketserviceshasmorethandoubledfrom7%lastyearto15%thisyear.
51%ofrespondentsareconcernedthat
risingcostsofoperationswillposeathreattotheirdigitalsuccessinthenewyear.
SurveyReport
Businessstrategiesforfuturechange26
Threeoutoffourorganizationsexpect
ecommercetodrivethemostrevenuegrowth
in2024.
TheVoiceofDigitalLeadersinManufacturing2024
27Chapter2
In2024,organizationsaresteeringtheirstrategiestowardclearobjectivesconsistentwithlastyear’s.For82%ofrespondents,thetopbusinessgoalindigitaltransformationthisyearisshareofwallet
andrevenuegrowthfromexistingclients.Thisemphasizesahugeopportunitymanyseeingrowingbusinesswithintheexistingcustomerbasebyupsellingandcreatingdigitalservicesintheaftermarketthatcanbemonetized.It’sconsistentwithlastyearwhenthetopfocus
wasonupsellingandcreatingaddedvaluefor
thecustomerbasethroughadditionalservices.
Additionally,two-thirdsofrespondentsplanto
focusoncostefficiency,revenue,profitprotection,andcustomersatisfaction.
However,certainobjectivesfordigital
transformationareverylowontheprioritylistthisyear.Thelimitedfocus,indicatedbyonly2%interestinbrandrecognitionandemployeeengagement,under-scorestheimportance
traditionallyplacedonbuildinganonlinepresence
Themostimportantbusinessgoalofdigitaltransformation(topscoreis6)inmyorganizationin2024is:
5.4
5.3
5.3
4.9
3.2
2.9
1
0
12
Revenuegrowthexistingclients(ShareofWallet)
Costefficiency,Revenueorprofitprotection(efficienciesandGM)
Customersatisfaction(multipleunderlyingfactors)Revenuegrowth(newcustomers/products)
3
4
Brandrecognition
Employeeengagement
Other
56
SurveyReport
Valtech|Copperberg
Businessstrategiesforfuturechange
andnurturingahybridworkforce,taskstypically
handledbyMarketingandHRdepartments.
Consideringtheinflationarylandscapethatdefinedthelastyearformostorganizations,thiswasto
beexpected.Manyturnedtheirattentiontomore
short-termbusinessgoals,suchasrevenuegrowth,efficiencygains,andlowercosts.
Thisalsoexplainswhyopinionsvaryconsiderablyregardingrevenuegrowthfromnewcustomersandproducts.Acquiringnewcustomerscan
1Source:CustomerRetentionVersusCustomerAcquisition
TheVoiceofDigitalLeadersinManufacturing2024
28
costfivetimesmore1thanretainingexisting
customers—andthisisstillmerelyanoffline
ende
温馨提示
- 1. 本站所有资源如无特殊说明,都需要本地电脑安装OFFICE2007和PDF阅读器。图纸软件为CAD,CAXA,PROE,UG,SolidWorks等.压缩文件请下载最新的WinRAR软件解压。
- 2. 本站的文档不包含任何第三方提供的附件图纸等,如果需要附件,请联系上传者。文件的所有权益归上传用户所有。
- 3. 本站RAR压缩包中若带图纸,网页内容里面会有图纸预览,若没有图纸预览就没有图纸。
- 4. 未经权益所有人同意不得将文件中的内容挪作商业或盈利用途。
- 5. 人人文库网仅提供信息存储空间,仅对用户上传内容的表现方式做保护处理,对用户上传分享的文档内容本身不做任何修改或编辑,并不能对任何下载内容负责。
- 6. 下载文件中如有侵权或不适当内容,请与我们联系,我们立即纠正。
- 7. 本站不保证下载资源的准确性、安全性和完整性, 同时也不承担用户因使用这些下载资源对自己和他人造成任何形式的伤害或损失。
最新文档
- 2026年汉中洋县实验学校教师招聘笔试备考试题及答案解析
- 2026河南信阳市市直机关遴选公务员9人笔试模拟试题及答案解析
- 2026浙江嘉兴海宁经济开发区招聘3人考试备考题库及答案解析
- 2026上海细胞与基因治疗技术转化平台招聘工艺开发与生产工程师1名参考考试试题及答案解析
- 2026河北雄安大河初级中学见习岗招聘笔试模拟试题及答案解析
- 2026江苏南京大学化学学院技术管理招聘笔试参考题库及答案解析
- 利港电厂安全考试题及答案
- 2025年通风队事故隐患排查治理培训知识试题及答案
- 靓号签订10年协议书
- 毕业三方协议书转让
- 中国企业家投融资俱乐部
- 恩施市建筑垃圾综合利用处理厂可行性研究报告
- 【超星尔雅学习通】日本近现代文学选读网课章节答案
- GB/T 40047-2021个体防护装备运动眼面部防护滑雪镜
- 2020年新编市场营销16版复习重点全书名师精品资料
- 兽药营销课程资源库兽药产品策略课件
- 2-管道仪表流程图PID
- 污水的消毒处理课件
- 宁波大学《通信原理》期末考试试题
- 思想道德与法治课件:第五章 第二节 吸收借鉴优秀道德成果
- 《超级五子棋》攻略
评论
0/150
提交评论