北师大高二英语Unit 20重点词汇

北师大高二英语Unit20重点词汇一、重点单词：1.mass质量；物质;众多、大量。短语：amassof=massesof一团（块、堆、群）、大量的,可修饰可数或不可数名词；the(great)massof大多数、大部分；beamassof遍体是……;充满了……;inmass全部,全体;整个地;inthemass总体上;总的说来;amongthemasses在民众中间；massalongtheroad

聚集在路旁；amassofcolour

一大片色彩；asolidmassofearth

一大块泥土；labouringmasses

劳动群众；用法：①mass的基本意思是“团,块,堆”,指不规则物体聚成在一起形成的“团,块,堆”,是可数名词。②mass也可作“大量,大批;众多”解,是可数名词。③mass可用作及物动词,也可用作不及物动词。用作及物动词时接名词或代词作宾语。④mass用作形容词的意思是“许多的,大规模的,群众的”,在句中只作定语,无比较级和最高级。=5\*GB3⑤alargeamountof+不可数名词，作主语后跟单数谓语，largeamountsof+不可数名词，后跟复数谓语；由amount的数决定谓语动词的数。类似的词有：amassof,massesof;aquantityof,quantitiesof;avarietyof,varietiesof等。配套练习：①Theyoungdancerslookedsocharmingintheirbeautifulclothesthatwetook___picturesofthem.A.manyofB.massesofC.thenumberofD.alargeamountof②MrSmithhasbeentoShanghaiseveraltimes.Hehasdone___businessthere.A.massesofB.anumberofC.lotsD.afew③Thevariedmountainscenerywassobeautifulthattheytook___ofphotographs.A.manyofB.massesofC.thenumberofD.alargeamountof④Theyoungdancerslookedsocharmingintheirbeautifulclothesthatwetook_____picturesofthem.A.manyofB.massesofC.thenumberofD.alargeamountof2.assist(v)援助、帮助；短语：assistsbwithsth/todosth/indoingsth帮助某人做某事；assistsbtohisfeet扶某人站起来；give/lendassistancetosb帮助某人；assistataceremony出席仪式；assistatfirstoperation第一次协助做手术；assistatameeting参加会议；assistatawedding参加婚礼；assistinthepreparationofareport帮助准备报告；assistinashop在店里帮忙；assistintheworkofrescue协助救援工作；assistsbincompilingadictionary帮助某人编辞典；assistsbtoone'sfeet扶某人站起来assistsbwithsb'sEnglish帮助某人学习英语；assistsbwiththeformfilling帮助某人填表；assistsbwithmoney以金钱相助；用法：①assist用作及物动词时其后可跟简单宾语或以动词不定式充当补足语的复合宾语;assist也可用作不及物动词。②assist作vi，后接at或in，表示“在……方面帮忙”。如：Sheassistedattheirwedding.作vt，其宾语后接in或with，表示帮忙的内容。如：Theyassistedhiminmovingthefurniture/withhiswork.配套练习：(1).用assist的相关短语填空①Theyoungnursewasverynervouswhenshe_______inherfirstoperation.②Ateamofnurses______thedoctor_______performingtheoperation.③Sheemployedawomanto______her______thehousework.④Goodglasseswill______you______read.(2).单项填空：=1\*GB3①I_____banningtrucksinthecitycentrebecauseitwillreduceairpollutionandnoise.A.assist B.advocateC.admit D.oppose②Mostinstitutionsprovidecourseswhich_____newstudentsindevelopingtheskillstheyneedtobesuccessful.A.preventB.require C.assistD.forbid③Theysentsomeoneto_____thevalueofthehouse.A.access B.assist C.assess D.possess=4\*GB3④ProjectHopeaimsathelpingthepoorchildreninremoteareasto_____education.A.accept B.keep C.assist D.receive=5\*GB3⑤Hedidn’t______theinvitationsentbyaforeigncompanyaskingtogotoworkinit.A.accept B.keep C.assist D.receive=6\*GB3⑥Heaskedusto_____incarryingthroughtheplanatthemeetingyesterday.

A.provide B.encourage C.assist D.persuade=7\*GB3⑦ProjectHopeaimsathelpingthepoorchildreninremoteareasto___education.A.accept B.keep C.assist D.receive=8\*GB3⑧Hedidn’t______theinvitationsentbyaforeigncompanyaskingtogotoworkinit.A.accept B.keep C.assist D.receive=9\*GB3⑨Heaskedusto_____incarryingthroughtheplanatthemeetingyesterday.

A.provide B.encourage C.assist D.persuadeDACB=10\*GB3⑩Heassistedanoldlady_____acar.A.fromB.outofC.byD.On3.issue问题、发行、分配；短语：at/inissue在争论中；intheissue结果、到头来；join/takeissuewithsbonsth就某事与某人争论；issueanorder发布命令；issuein导致；issuefrom由……产生；thelatestissueofChinaDaily最近一期中国日报；matter〔point〕atissue

争论的焦点；atissuewithsb

与某人意见不一致；onthatissue

关于那个问题；issueofanewspaper

报纸的发行；issueofbusiness

营业项目；issueoffact

事实上的争论点；burningissueoftheday

燃眉之急的问题；issueontheagenda

一项议程；用法：①issue既可用作及物动词,也可用作不及物动词。用作及物动词时,后可接名词、代词作宾语;也可接双宾语,其间接宾语可以转换为介词to的宾语,介词不可用for;也可接介词from,表示“从…涌出”;issue还可接以as短语充当补足语的复合宾语。②issue的基本意思是“问题”“争论点”,多指所思、所说及所写的主要事件或观点,引申可作“要点”“争吵原因”解,一般只用单数形式。③issue作动词“发行，发放”时，可用issue

sthtosb或issue

sbsth。如：Theauthoritiesissuedclothesandshoestothem.配套练习：①Hisdifficultiesinhiswork___hislackofexperience.A.issueinB.issuefromC.resultinD.leadto②Anarmyspokemanstressedthatallthesoldiershadbeenordered___clearwarningsbeforefiringanyshots.A.toissueB.beingissuedC.tohaveissuedD.tobeissued③He___withmeonthematteryesterdaymorning.A.joinedissueB.tookissueC.arguedD.alltheabove④Thecommitteemembersagreedtothesuggestionthattheissue_____toimmediatevoting.A.istobeput B.beputC.shouldput D.mustbeput4.stain(n)污点、瑕疵、色斑；stainless(adj)纯洁的、不锈的、无瑕疵的；短语：stainone’sfingerswithink使手指沾上墨水；stainone’snamewithslander用诽谤的手段败坏某人的名声；abloodstain血迹；stainthefamilyhonour

玷污家庭的名誉；stainthefloorboards

给地板漆色；stainthetable

给桌子着色；stainthewood

给木料染色；staineasily

容易弄脏；stainquickly

很快弄脏；stainwithnicotine

被尼古丁染黄；stainwithsmoke

被烟熏黑；stainwithvices

沾染恶习；用法：①stain可用作不及物动词,也可用作及物动词。用作及物动词时,接名词作宾语。还可接以表示颜色的形容词充当补足语的复合宾语。可用于被动结构。②stain用作及物动词时,主动形式常含有被动意义。③stain作名词后接on，表示“……上的污点”。如：Theinkbottlefellandthereisnowastainonthefloor.作动词，宾语后接with，表示“被……沾污、染上”。如：Ihavestainedmyfingerswithink.配套练习：①Preservatives(防腐剂)areaddedtobreadtokeepitfromgetting____.A.static B.stainedC.stable D.stale②A_______politicalandeconomicsituationisveryimportantforthedevelopmentofanycountry.A.stainB.stableC.peacefulD.pink③The_______TOEFLscoreforenteringthisprogramis600.A.lessB.sandyC.stainD.minimum④Pleasebecarefulwhenyouaredrinkingcoffeeincaseyou________thenewcarpet.A.crashB.polluteC.spotD.stain5.present在场的、出席的、反义词：absent；现在、礼物。短语：makesomebodyapresent(不用：gift)ofsomething/make(give)apresentofsomethingtosomebody送某物给某人；presentsomebodyabook/presentabooktosomebody/presentsomebodywithabook送书给某人；atpresent=atthepresenttime/now现在、当今；bepresentatthemeeting出席会议；allpeoplepresenthere所有在座的人；forthepresent暂时、暂且；presentoneself出席、到场；bepresentlyinJapan目前正在日本；presentoneselfathishouse到他家；bepresentat出席；presentsthtosb/presentsbwithsth把某物赠送给某人、向某人颁发某物；uptothepresent直到现在；forthepresent=forthetimebeing暂时;用法：①present作形容词既可作前置修饰语，也可作表语，常意为“现存的；现在的；在场的；出席的”等。，如作定语要后置。如：ThechairmanpresentisMrWu.作“当前的、现任的”讲时，可作前置定语。如：Willthepresentchairmanaddressthestudents?②present作不可数名词时，表示区别于过去或将来的“现在”；③present用作“现在,目前”解时,通常与定冠词the连用,只用作单数名词。④present作“礼物”解时,一般指亲友间互送的“礼物”或“赠品”,多是出于好意、礼貌或尊敬等而予以赠送,并不一定期望报答或回赠。是可数名词。=5\*GB3⑤present的基本意思是“出现”,指人时多指“到场”“出席”,指物或事物时则指“显示”。多接反身代词作宾语。⑥present可作“赠送,给予”解,此时多接双宾语,其间接宾语可以转化为介词to的宾语。⑦present作动词，表示“给予，赠送”之意，常用于presentsth.tosb.或presentsb.withsth.搭配中，此外，present作动词还有“呈现，显示；阐述，表达；引见”等意思。配套练习：①Whyhaveyouboughtsomanyflowers?___themtoourteachersonTeachers’Day.A.ForpresentingB.TopresentC.TosellD.Lending②___atthemeetingarescientistsandexpertsinthefieldofmedicine.A.PresentingB.PresentC.PresentedD.Presence③For___presentwehavenochoicebuttowait,forheisverybusyat___presentandcan’tgiveusahand.A./;/B.the;/C./;theD.the;the④TheNortheasternTiger,ararekindofanimalinChina,isreally___danger___thepresenttime.A.at;inB.with;forC.on;inD.in;at⑤Themeetingwasagreatsuccess.Allthepeople___werefortheprogram.A.presentB.importantC.thoughtfulD.satisfied⑥Comehere,Mary.I’llmakeyou___ofthering.A.agiftB.apresentC.seeD.appreciate⑦Thereareplentyofjobs_____inthewesternpartofthecountry.A.presentB.availableC.preciousD.convenient⑧Allthepeople______atthepartywereallhissupporters.A.presentB.thankfulC.interestedD.important6.investv.投(资),购买(有用之物),授予,投资;investmentn.投资,可获利的东西;短语：investin

对…投资,购买；investinanenterprise

对一企业进行投资；investinfailure

投资失败；investinproperty

投资房地产；investfundsinstocks

把资金投资于股票上；investmoneyinmines

投资于矿山；investwith

授予…；investwithfullauthority

授予全权；investwithmystery

带有神秘色彩；investtheland

对那块土地进行投资；investlargesumsinbooks

花大笔钱买书；investalotoftime

花很多时间；用法：invest作vt，,可接名词或代词作宾语。后接in，表示“把……投入”；宾语后接with，表示“把……授予、使……带有……”；作vi，后接in，表示“投资于……”。如：Theyinvestedtimeandenergyintheelectioncampaign./Heinvestedhislawyerwithcompletepowertoactforhim./Hehasinvestedheavilyinoilcompany.配套练习：①Wheneverhewritestohisparents,he____achequewithhisletter.A.encloses B.containsC.reserves D.invests②He____muchofhistimeinlearningthenewlanguage.A.investedB.involvedC.inventedD.integrated③Pleasedonot_______whensomebodyelseistalking.A.intendB.interpretC.interuptD.invest④He_______alotoftimeintryingtodeveloptheeducationsysteminthisarea.A.involvedB.investigatedC.investedD.interfered=5\*GB3⑤I’ve_____alotoftimeandeffortinthisplan,andIdon’twantittofail.A.inventedB.invited C.investedD.involved7.rescuen.&vt.援救，营救短语：rescuesb./sth.fromsb./sp.把……从……营救出来；cometo/gotosb’srescue=rescuesb.援救某人；rescuethedyingman

抢救临死的人；rescuethehostages

救出人质；rescuesbfrom

从…把某人营救出来；rescuesbfromdanger

营救某人脱离危险；rescuesbfromdrowning

从水中救起某人；attempt〔effect〕arescue

设法〔实行〕营救；cryfor〔interrupt,need,speed〕rescue

呼喊〔中断,需要,加速〕救援；make〔perform〕arescue

进行营救；用法：rescue意思是“营救”,有时间上的紧迫性。berescued后面可接形容词表示援救的结果。配套练习：(1).用rescue的适当形式填空①Themother,alongwithhertwochildren,_______fromthesinkingboatbyapassingship.②Thefiremen_______fivechildrenfromtheburninghouseyesterday.(2).单项填空：①Thepolicesetoutinsearchofotherchildrenwhomight_____Guizhou’sdustbinsafter5deathsforwarmth.

A.live B.rescue C.exist D.survive②Itwaswiththehelpofthelocalguide_____themountainclimberwasrescued.A.who B.thatC.when D.how③Alltheirattemptsto_____thechildfromtheburningbuildingwereinvain.A.regain B.recover C.rescue D.reserve④Notuntil_____theInternet_____thattheChinesesailorswererescuedbytheEuropeanUnionTaskForce.A.didIsurf;didIknowB.didIsurf;IknewC.Isurfed;didIknowD.Isurfed;Ihadknown8.donatev.捐赠，赠送短语：donatesth.tosb.向某人捐赠某物;make/give/presentadonationtosb.捐赠给某人;sendadonationto把捐款寄至……;promiseadonation应允捐赠;donatemoney捐款；用法：donate多指向慈善团体捐赠物品、钱等。常与介词to连用。配套练习：(1).完成句子：①He__________(捐赠)amilliontotheschool.②Therestofthemoneywegetis_______________(来自捐赠).(2).单项填空：①Manypeoplehavedonatedthattypeofblood;however,thebloodbankneeds_____.

A.some B.less C.much D.more②Twolawyershavedonated$50,000to_____ourschool’scampaign“HelptheNeedy”,whichwasstartedbyourformerheadmasterthreeyearsago.

A.sponsor B.launchC.organize D.plan③About30percentto40percentofnonemergencysurgeryinthesecountries_____delayedbecauselessthan2percentofthepeople_____blood.

A.is;donates B.are;donatesC.are;donate D.is;donate④Theadultshavetoworkharderthanevertoprovidefortheneedsofthechildren,whocannot_____totheeconomyuntiltheyareolder.A.appeal B.contribute C.donate D.correspond⑤Halfamonthlater,hefoundhislostmotorcycle_____inthewoodsoffthehighway.A.abandoned B.rentedC.donated D.refused9.correspond(v)一致、与……相当、通信；短语：seldomcorrespond难得一致；correspondabout通信谈…；correspondforanewspaper给报社做通信员；correspondto和…符合,与…相称,相当于；correspondwith和…相当,和…符合,和…通信；用法：①correspond后接介词to，介词宾语为事或物，表示“相当于、符合”。如：Hisanswercorrespondstomyexpectation.后接with，表示“符合、与……通信”。如：Thehouseexactlycorrespondstomyneeds./Icorrespondedwithherwhileshewasaway.②correspond还可作“通信”解。配套练习：①Toourpuzzlement,thewrittenrecordofourconversationdoesn’t_____whatwasactuallysaid.A.submitto B.correspondwithC.contributeto D.caterto②EachmembercountryofWTOmust_____itslawsandregulationsandcompeteontheprincipleoffairnessandcooperation.A.caterto B.correspondtoC.relateto D.submitto③Heractionsdonot

_____herwords.A.submitto B.correspondwithC.contributeto D.caterto④Redlinesonthemap

_____majorroads.

A.caterto B.correspondtoC.relateto D.submitto10.meanwhileadv.此时；同时；其间;n.同时(=meantime)短语：inthemeanwhile同时；用法：meanwhile意为“同时，在此期间”，作为副词和名词，表示在某动作或情况发生或存在期间将可能发生另一件事。它不用于说明人或事物的另一面。inthemeanwhile在此期间（=inthemeantime）配套练习：(1).单项填空：①Motherwentshopping;______,Icleanedthehouse.A.whileB.whenC.andwhenD.meanwhile②Itwillbeabighelpifyougotothestoreandgetwhatweneedfordinner._____,I’llsetthetable.

A.Asaresult B.OnthewholeC.Inthemeanwhile D.Asamatteroffact③Yourdoctorwillaskyouthesequestions_____,soyoumayaswellhavetheinformation.A.anyway B.meanwhileC.therefore D.moreover④Theincomesofskilledworkerswentup._____,unskilledworkerssawtheirearningsfall.A.Moreover B.ThereforeC.Meanwhile D.Otherwise(2).完成句子简在写信，而与此同时帕特正在看电视。Janewaswritingaletter____________PatwaswatchingTV.11.curevt.&n.治愈，治疗；短语：cureinsmoke

用烟熏；cureofadisease

治愈(某人的)病；cureofasocialevil

根除弊病；cureofdiscontent

消除不满；cureofgrief

消除悲哀；cureofpneumonia

治疗肺炎；curewithacertainmedicine

以特效药治愈；pastcure

无可救药；用法：①cure作动词，其宾语后接of，介词的宾语为病痛或恶习等，表示“消除……的病或恶习”。如：Theytriedtocurethesocietyofthesocialevils.作名词，后接for，表示“治疗或纠正……的东西或方法”。如：Thisisacureforheadaches.后接of，表示“治疗或纠正……”。如：Weaimedatthecureofbureaucratism（官僚主义）.②cure作“治愈”解时是不可数名词,但可加不定冠词;作“药剂”“疗法”解时是可数名词,有复数形式。③cure的基本意思是“治愈”,指用药物治愈某人的病。此时cure并不表示动作,而表示治愈的结果。引申可指“矫正某人的不良行为”。④cure可用作及物动词,也可用作不及物动词。用作及物动词时,主语是人,宾语一般为患者,后接of引出疾病;主语为药物时,宾语多为疾病或不良行为。cure用作不及物动词时,可用病、伤、恶习作主语,其主动形式含有被动意义;以药物或疗法作主语时,意为“有疗效”“可治愈”。cure可用于被动结构。⑤cure还可作“保存”解，指用腌、晒、烤等方法保存食物、动物皮毛或烟草等。比较：cure意为“治疗；治愈”，多用于指药物治疗并治愈某种疾病或改正不良习气。常用于“curesb.of...”结构中。treat为日常用语，意为“治疗；医治”，指治疗病人的全过程或活动。heal意为“治愈（伤口）；医治”，指治好外伤或烧伤后的部位，使伤口愈合，不用于指治疗感冒等疾病。recover意为“痊愈,复原”，主要是指从病中痊愈了，常与from连用。配套练习：(1).完成句子：①盘尼西林治好了他的肺炎。Penicillin________________hispneumonia.②事故后卡车司机的擦伤得到了治疗。Aftertheaccident,thelorrydriver________________forcutsandbruises.③他手指上的伤口很快愈合了。Thecutonhisfinger__________quickly.(2).单项填空：①Onlyinthiswaycanyoube_____yourcarelessness.A.cured B.treatedC.gotover D.curedof②Oneoftheseguards,whomIhadcuredofapainful_____,wasalwayspraisingmyskill.A.illness B.sickness C.disease D.disorder③Thedoctorwhocuredmyfriendofcanceralwaysservesothers_____andsoul.A.heartB.mindC.spiritD.head④—Doyoustillbelieveinlove?—Absolutely.Itisnottime,money,powerorwhateverbutlove_____curesourpain.

A.who B.which C.that D.what⑤Thedoctor_____youforyourcoughissureto_____it.

A.curing;treat B.cures;treatingC.treating;cure D.treats;cure12.patent专利、专利权、专利证；短语：Itispatenttoallthat…大家都明白……；takeout/getapatentforsth得到……的专利权；patentnotion独到的见解；patentmedicine成药；letterspatent专利特许证；designpatent工业样品专利权；PatentOffice专利局；patentinfringement专利侵权；patentright专利权；patentfee专利费；patentlicense专利特许使用权；用法：patent可作名词、形容词和动词。如：Heownedseveral

patents.他拥有几项专利发明。/Trysomeofthisnew

patent

medicine.试试这一种新的专利药品吧。/Ifyoudon't

patent

youinvention,someonemightstealtheidea.

如果你不为你的发明取得专利权，会有人剽窃其构思的。配套练习：①Finallytheyoungworkergota___forhisnewinventionfromthepatentoffice.A.rightB.patentC.wayD.use②Thisnewmachineisprotectedby___;theinventorhastakenout___onit.A.patent;apatentB.thepatent;thepatentC.patents;patentsD.patent;thepatent③Itispatenttousallthatitisimportant____Englishwell.A.learningB.learnC.tolearnD.learned④Encouragedbymyscienceteacher,Isetaboutmystudiesondevelopingmyproduct,_____IhopeIwillsucceedinapplyingforapatent(专利权).A.withwhom B.towhomC.throughwhich D.forwhich13.permanent永久的、固定的；短语：apermanentforce常备军；apermanentcommittee常设委员会；permanentcontrol

永久控制；permanentjob〔position〕

固定工作〔职位〕；用法：permanent没有比较级和最高级形式。配套练习：①“Longliveourfriendship”meansthatweexpectourfriendshipwillbe___.A.longB.foreverC.permanentD.forgood②Inordertoprotectourcountry,wemustbuildup___permanentforce.A.theB.aC./D.our③Noweverybodywillnothavea___.A.permanenceB.permanentC.permanencyD.permanently④Accordingtotheregulationsofourcompany,everybodyistobetakenonforathree-monthtrialperiodbeforebeingacceptedasa_____memberofstaff.

A.permanent B.instantC.temporary D.consistent14.permit允许、许可、许可证。反义词：refuse；短语：permitsb./sth.允许某人/某事;permitsb.todosth.=allowsb.todosth.允许某人做某事;permitdoingsth.=allowdoingsth.允许做某事;byspecialpermit

根据特许；withpermit

持有许可证；withoutpermit

无许可证；permitfor

对…的许可；permitfordoingsth

做某事的许可证；permitfrom

得到…的许可；permitinto

允许进来；permitof

容许,有…的可能,留有…的余地；permitofnoexcuse

不能原谅；permitofstayingthere

允许留在那里；permitstrangerthrough

允许陌生人通过；用法：①permit的基本意思是指天气、时间、健康状况或某人等允许某人去某处或做某事。既可用作及物动词,也可用作不及物动词。用作及物动词时,permit常接名词、代词、动名词作宾语,可用于被动结构。permit也可接双宾语,其间接宾语不可转化为介词for或to的宾语。还可接以动词不定式、副词或介词短语充当补足语的复合宾语。permit作不及物动词时,意思是“容许”,主要用在状语结构中。②permitof的意思是“允许,有…余地”,是比较正式的用法,常用于否定句。of后可接名词、动名词或that从句(从句中的should可以省略),接“no+n.”时of常可省略,接that从句时of须省。如：Thesituationpermitsofnodelay.形势刻不容缓；③在表示客观条件许可的意义时，permit后可跟动名词作宾语。如：Hisworkdoesn’tpermithisgoing.比较：allow与permit同义，意为“允许”，allow偏重“听信，默许”，含有消极地，不反对的意思，指允许别人去做某事或给予一定的权限去完成所要做的事；allow也可表示客气的请求。如：Willyouallowmetouseyourpen?permit含有积极地，从正面“允许”，语气比allow强、正式；allow和permit后跟的不定式的逻辑主语是该两词的宾语，而不是句子的主语。如：Smokingisnotpermittedinmostpublicplaces.let着重指不反对和不阻止，在表示客气的请求时，可与allow互换；let表示被动语态时，常用beallowed代替belet，但当let作“出让”解时，可用belet。如：Wehaveahousetolet/belet.promise指答应某人要求、请求或主动提出某种许诺。执行这种允诺的不是别人而是讲话人本身，也即句子的主语。如：Myunclepromisedmetobuyapen.配套练习：①Weusuallydon’tallow___here,butyou’reallowed___todayasanexception.A.tosmoke;tosmokeB.smoking;smokingC.tosmoke;smokingD.smoking;tosmoke②Ifyoudowhatyouarenot___,you___punished.A.allowedto;aresuretobeB.alloweddoing;aresuretobeC.allowedtodo;aresureyou’llbeD.allowedto;aresureofbeing③Ourschoolforbids___,thatistosay,wearenotallowed___atschool.A.tosmoke;tosmokeB.students’smoking;smokingC.students’tosmoke;smokingD.students’smoking;tosmoke④Heissaidto___tohiscountrybecauseanewpresidentcomestopower.A.beallowedtoreturnB.allowtoreturnC.allowreturningD.beallowedreturning⑤Onlywhenyouridentityhasbeenchecked,___.A.youareallowedinB.youwillbeallowedinC.willyouallowinD.willyoubeallowedin⑥Youngpeopleunder18arenot___togototheNetclubaccordingtothepresentlawinourcountry.A.promisedB.permittedC.suggestedD.agreed⑦Whatworriedthechildmostwas___tovisithismotherinthehospital.A.hisnotallowingB.hisnotbeingallowedC.hisbeingnotallowedD.havingnotbeenallowed⑧—Wouldyoupermitme_____here?—Sorry.Wedon’tpermit_______inthelibrary.A.smoking;smokingB.tosmoke;tosmokeC.smoking;tosmokeD.tosmoke;smoking15.press压、按、新闻界（人士）。短语：presssomebodyforananswer迫使某人回答；timepresses=bepressedfortime时间紧迫；presssomebodytodosomething=urgesomebodytodosomething敦促某人做某事；pressone’sopinionuponsomebody把自己的意见强加于某人；Theshoespressagainstmyfeet鞋挤脚；bein/onthepress正在印刷；pressforananswer

催促答复；presssbfordetails

向某人追问详情；pressforreform

迫切要求改革；pressoilfromsoyabeans

榨取豆油；pressinto

使压成,逼…致使,把…塞入；presssbintoconfession

逼某人坦白,逼供；pressclayintovariousforms

把泥压成各种形状；presson〔upon〕

按,将…压在…上,使负重担,压迫；pressonbutton

按电钮或键；presssthoutof

从…中榨出；pressthroughadoor

挤过一扇门；pressaheadwitheffort

加紧努力；用法：①press既可用作不及物动词,也可用作及物动词。用作及物动词时,接名词或代词作宾语,还可接以形容词或动词不定式充当补足语的复合宾语。可用于被动结构。②press用作不及物动词时,常与ahead,forward,for等词连用。③press作“报界,新闻界”解,用作主语时,其谓语动词既可用单数形式,也可用复数形式。如：Thepressisasocialforce.新闻界是一股社会力量。④press作“出版社,通讯社”“印刷机”等解时可用作可数名词。配套练习：①Hewastovisitakeyfigure,sohehadhissuit___.A.pressB.pressingC.pressedD.tobepressed②Time___.Youshouldgetdowntoworknow.A.touchesB.pressesC.shortD.little③Somanypeoplesurroundedtheactorthathehadto___throughthemtoreachthestage.A.passB.goC.pressD.walk④Thearmypressedtheirway___thecoldwindyesterday.A.inB.onC.atD.against16.declare声明、断定、宣布。短语：declarefor/againstsomething表态支持(反对)某事；Hedeclaredthatitwastrue/declaredittobetrue(复合结构)断定那是真实的；Hedeclaredhimself(tobe)satisfied他表示自己满意；declarewaron/against向……宣战；declareagainstcheating

表示反对作弊；declareagainstwar

声明反对战争；declareforwar

声明赞成战争；declarewaronacountry

向某国宣战；declarewaronpoverty

向贫困宣战；declareto

向…宣称；declarewith

一致声称；句型：1)、declaremyopinion发表我的看法；2)、declaresomebody(tobe)innocent宣布某人无罪；3)、Hedeclaredthatthemeetinghadbeenpostponed.用法：①declare既可用作及物动词,又可用作不及物动词。用作及物动词时,其后接名词、代词或that从句作宾语。不接动名词,也不接动词不定式。可用于被动语态。如：Hedeclaredtofinishthework要改为：thathecouldfinishthework；②declare后可接由tobe/as加名词、形容词、副词或介词短语充当补足语的复合宾语。tobe/as有时可以省略。③declare接复合结构时可以用动词不定式或由wh-引起的疑问词从句作宾语,但它们都由it代替,而它们本身则移到补语后面,此时它的补语多为形容词。④declare作不及物动词时常跟介词against表示“声明反对”,接for表示“宣布支持”。辨析:declare与announce(1)declare表示正式、明白地宣告，一般指在正式场合宣布立场或态度等。如：Theareahasbeendeclaredanationalpark.这地区已宣布为国家公园。(2)announce是表示“宣布”的普通用词，指公平地发布人们所关心的或感兴趣的事情，尤指新闻之类的事情，或表示某事预示着某事的到来。如：Heannouncedhisretirementfrominternationalfootball.他宣布已退出国际足球界。配套练习：(1).单项填空：①Thechairmandeclaredthemeeting___intheend.A.closedB.openingC.closingD.open②Thegovernmentis___toeveryonetosavewater.A.askingB.appealingC.declaringD.announcing③Themomentthe28thOlympicGames___open,allthestudentsintheclassroomcheered.A.declaredB.havebeendeclaredC.havedeclaredD.weredeclared④In1938,Hitler___waragainstPoland,whichstartedtheSecondWorldWar.A.declaredB.announcedC.broadcastedD.advertised⑤Theheadmasterwill________aspeechtothevisitingforeigngueststhisafternoon.A．deliverB．addressC．announce D．declare(2).采用declare或announce的适当形式填空。①Ithasbeen________thatMrGreenandMissWhitewillgetmarriedinMay.②Thecourt________thatthestrikeactionwasillegal.17．available可利用的、可达到的、有效的；短语：employallavailablemeans用尽所有办法、千方百计；sbbenotavailable某人不在；makeoneselfavailable

使自己可以效劳；makesthavailable

使某事可利用,使某事可获得；availablefor

可供…之用的,有效期为,能参加〔出席〕…的；availableforexport

可供出口的；availableforameeting

能参加会议的；availableforthreemonths

有效期为3个月；availableto

对…可获得的；用法：=1\*GB3①available后接for，表示可供的范围、时间或用处等。如：Thebookisavailableforconference.后接to，介词的宾语多为人，表示“某人可得到或利用”。如：Theserum(血清)isavailabletothegeneralpublic(一般公众).作定语时，常后置。如：Iwillsendyouallparticulars(细节)available.=2\*GB3②available作“现成可用的;在手边的;闲着的”解时不用于比较等级。=3\*GB3③available用作表语时,其后还可接动词不定式,该不定式的主动形式可表示主动意义,也可表示被动意义。比较：accessible/availableaccessible评价人时：平易近人的，容易接近的，随和的；描述地点时：可进入的；描述物体时：易得到的；可使用的；available评价人时：有空的，能找到的；描述地点时：为了参观而准备好的；描述物体时：现成的，准备好的，可使用的；配套练习：=1\*GB3①Mybrotherwouldliketobuyagoodwatchbut_____wasavailablefromthatshop.A.nothing B.noneC.noone D.neither=2\*GB3②Interestisas_____tolearningastheabilitytounderstand,evenmoreso.

A.vital B.available C.specific D.similar=3\*GB3③—CanyoulendmethebookGonewiththeWind?—Sorry.Ireturnedittothelibraryjustnow.Maybeitisstill_____.

A.available B.affordableC.acceptable D.valuable=4\*GB3④—MayIspeaktoMr.Smith?—Iamafraidnot.Heisatameetingnow.It’snot_____.

A.reliable B.convenientC.beneficial D.available=5\*GB3⑤Ican’tunderstandwhysomegraduateswouldn’tgotoruralareasofourcountrywherelargequantitiesofjobsare_____.A.present B.suitableC.available D.convenient=6\*GB3⑥—Hello!FriendshipHotel.CanIhelpyou?—Doyouhavearoomwithadoublebed_____forSaturday?

A.available B.empty C.possible D.useful=7\*GB3⑦Johnonceworkedinaremotemountainvillageschool,whichis_____onlyonfoot.A.acceptable B.accessibleC.available D.appropriate=8\*GB3⑧Wolvesarevery_____:theycanliveinforests,onopenplains,orinthesnowsoftheArctic.

A.adaptable B.adoptableC.available D.accessible18．suggestionn．建议，提议短语：atone'ssuggestion根据某人的建议；onthesuggestionof在……的建议下；holdasuggestion略有……迹象；putup/makeasuggestion提出建议；dosomethingon/atyoursuggestion根据你的建议做某事；adopt〔reject〕asuggestion

采纳〔拒绝〕建议；advance〔comeupwith,offer,putforward〕asuggestion

提建议；ask〔call〕forasuggestion

征求建议；appropriate〔helpful〕suggestion

适当〔有益〕的建议；onlybywayofsuggestion

仅供参考；suggestionabout〔concerning〕

有关…的建议；用法：①suggestion的基本意思是“建议,提议”,可接that引导的同位语从句,从句中要用虚拟语气。如：Whatdoyouthinkofthesuggestionthatwe(should)putonaplayattheEnglishevening?②suggestion还可作“细微的迹象”解,一般用作单数形式,常与介词of连用。③suggestion,advice,proposal作“建议”讲时，相关的名词性从句要用虚拟语气。配套练习：(1).单项填空：①Atthe_____ofhisfollowers,heagreedtoremaininoffice.

A.suggestionB.requestC.requirement D.demand

②Hissuggestion__________toseetheartexhibitioninterestedeveryoneofus.A．thatwegoB．whichweshouldgoC．thatwewouldgoD．whenwecouldto③Doyouhaveanysuggestionsto___?A.takeB.haveC.makeD.ask=4\*GB3④Hissuggestion_____toseetheartexhibitioninterestedeveryoneofus.A.thatwegoB.whichweshouldgoC.thatwewouldgoD.weshouldgo(2).完成句子①他提出建议释放所有的政治犯。Hemadethesuggestionthatallthepoliticalprisoners__________.②我的第一个建议是要有计划性。Myfirstsuggestionisthatthere__________moreplanning.19．starvationn．饥饿；饿死短语：dieofstarvation饿死；死于饥饿；astarvationdiet仅够存活的日