北师大版高中英语必修一知识点梳理总结北师大版

核心单词必修一11.suppose猜想,认为；假定Itisgenerally/widelysupposedthat...人们普遍认为...e.g.人们普遍认为吸烟对身体有害。Itisgenerallysupposedthatsmokingisharmfultoone'shealth.be(not)supposedtodo(不)应该做某事e.g.你应该尊重他们的习惯和遵守家规。You'resupposedtorespecttheirhobitsandfollowthefamilyrule.Idon'tsupposethat...我认为...不e.g.我认为他不会同意的。Idon'tsupposethathewillagree.supposesb.todo/be...认为某人...e.g.我认为他有50岁。Isupposehimtobeaboutfifty.22.seldom很少，不经常(=notoften)用法:seldom位于句首，句子常用部分倒装e.g.她晚上很少外出。Seldomdoesshegooutatnight。联想:否定副词位于句首，句子常用部分倒装我以前从未认真考虑过这个问题。(never)NeverhaveIthoughtaboutthisproblemseriouslybefore.直到你告诉他，他才对事实有所了解。(little)Littledidheknowthetruthuntilyoutoldhimaboutit.33.bored(人感到)厌烦的，不感兴趣的boring令人厌烦的，烦人的(多指事物)be/getboredwith对...感到厌烦4.reduce减少，降低，缩小(尺寸、数量、价格等)

reduce/fall/decreaseby...减少了...reduce/fall/decreaseto...减少到...介词填空:Itissaidthatpricesofoilwillbeincreasedmorethan7yuan.Becauseofthepressurefrompeople,housingpriceshasreduced10%sincethebeginningofthisyear.toby45.suffer受痛苦，受损害；遭受，经历(不愉快的事)sufferfrom深受...之苦，患(疾病)派生:suffering痛苦，苦难sufferer忍受苦难的人6.stand忍受，忍耐can't/couldn'tstandsth./doing无法/不能忍受...翻译:他忍受不了别人的嘲笑。He她无法忍受丈夫的懒惰。Shecan'tstandbeinglaughingat.can'tstandherhusband'slaziness.57.prefer更喜欢,宁愿prefersb.todo宁愿某人做...preferthatsb.(should)do宁愿某人做...prefersth.tosth.喜欢...胜过...preferdoingsth.todoingsth.=prefertodoratherthando宁愿做...而不愿做...Iprefer(ride)abiketoworkratherthantakeacrowdedbus.Ipreferclassicalmusicrockmusic.torideto68.volunteer志愿者n.自愿或无偿地给予或提供（服务、帮助、建议等）v.volunteertodo自愿做某事，主动做某事dovoluntarywork做志愿者工作(voluntary自愿的，志愿的)volunteeras自愿担任9.challenge挑战n.向...挑战，强烈建议v.giveachallenge提出挑战accept/takeachallenge接受挑战faceachallenge面临挑战meetachallenge迎接挑战challengesb.向某人挑战派生:challenging挑战性的，要求高的710.graduate毕业v.毕业生n.（大学）graduatefrom...毕业于...undergraduate（大学）未毕业postgraduate研究生11.protect保护protect...from/againststh.保护某人/某物免受某事的侵害Weshouldlearnhow..(我们应该学会如何保护自己免受网上可能存在的危险。)toprotectourselvesagainstpossibledangersontheInternet812.win获胜，赢得winsth.oversb.打败某人赢得某物用法:win后面的宾语通常是表示“比赛，战争，选举，奖品，声誉”的名词或者代词，如game,race,match,competition,war,battle,prize,award等比较:beat和defeat的宾语通常是“敌人，（比赛）对手”，其搭配为beat/defeatsb.insth.在...中打败某人Towinthegame,wewillhavetobeatatleast8teams.913.practice练习，实践v.练习，实践，实际n.practicesth./doing练习做某事inpratice实际上(inreality,infact)put...intopractice把...付诸实践派生词:practical实际的，实用的，可行的Practicalexperienceisoftenveryimportant.14.celebration庆祝，庆典have/holdacelebration举行庆典incelebrationof为了庆祝......比较:congratulation祝贺1015.attend出席，参加比较:①attend是正式用语，指参加会议，报告，婚礼，葬礼，典礼，上课，上学等，不强调参加者在活动中所起的作用。②takepartin指参加群众性活动等，并在其中发挥一定的作用。③joinin指参加比赛或活动，为日常用语。④join指加入某个党派，团体或组织，成为其中一员。joinsb.indoingsth.和某人一起做某事11重要词组必修一1213aboutisalwayscomplainingcomplainedthat14takeup拿起，开始从事，占据（时间，空间）Hetookupfootballwhenhewasinseniorhighschool.Studytakesupmostofhertime.take的词组:takeback收回（说过的话）ItakebackwhatIsay.takedown拿下，记下takeoff脱掉；（飞机）起飞takeon呈现Myhometownhastakenonanewlook.takeaway拿走takeawayfood15totellthetruth说实话，老实说同义:tobehonest;honestlyspeaking;franklyspeaking用法:totellthetruth为独立成分，作插入语。这类不定式短语独立成分还有tomakethingsworse(情况跟糟糕的是)，tobegin/startwith(首先)等。befilledwith=befullof充满、装满联想:fill...with...给...装满...她给油箱加满了油。Shefilledhertankwithoil.16beproudof=takepridein因......而自豪live/leada......life过......的生活过着幸福的生活过着艰苦的生活过着贫穷的生活becauseof因为短语介词，后面接名词、代词或者what从句作宾语同义:dueto/owingto/thanksto/asaresultof比较:because是连词，后面接从句Theflightwasdelayedbecauseoftheheayfog.Theflightwasdelayedbecausetherewasaheavyfog.liveahappylifeliveahardlifeliveapoorlife17begin/startwithsth./bydoing以...开始联想:tobeginwith(插入语)首先endupwithsth./bydoing以...结束翻译:我们从学习单词开始。Webeganbylearningwords.inone'sopinion=intheopinionofsb.=sb.thinks...在某人看来联想:haveagood/high/bad/low/opinionof...对...评价高/不好18agreewith同意；与...一致；适合（气候，食物）比较:agreewith表示与某人的观点一致(=havethesameopinionas)agreetodosth.赞成做某事agreetosth.表示赞同别人提出的“提议，办法，计划，安排”等，即愿意“接受”或“允许”某事(=bewillingtoacceptorallowsth.)，但是可能实际并不参与。agreeon表示经过双方或多方协商“在某方面取得一致意见”，即商定。Thefooddidnotagreeher.Theyagreed(start)early.Theyagreedthepriceofthecar.I'mafraidthateitherofthemwillnotagreethisarrangement.Totellthetruth,Idon'tagreeyou.withtostartontowith19bestrictwithsb.(insth.)(在某方面)对某人严格要求Wemustbestrictwithourselvesinourstudies.lookback(on/uponsth.)回忆，回顾联想:look+adv.+prep.的短语瞧不起，轻视lookdownupon盼望，期待lookforwardto尊敬lookuptobefamous/well-knownforsth.因...而著名befamous/knownassth.作为...而著名befamous/knowntosb.为某人说熟知Henanisfamoustopeopleasaprovincewiththemostpopulation.20onone'sown=byoneself独自地，单独地ofone'sown=one'sown属于某人自己的Studentsaresupposedtolearntoliveontheirown.cometodo逐渐...，慢慢...用法:常与know,understand,be,love,like等感应动词，表示静态的动词连用，强调渐变过程Hecametorealizehismistake.联想:cometooneself苏醒过来21giveup放弃，认输用法:后面跟名词、代词、动名词作宾语。跟代词时，要将代词放在give与up的中间。Yououghttogiveupsmoking;Igaveituplastyear.联想:give+prep./adv.赠送；泄露giveaway（向某人）屈服givein(tosb.)放出，发出giveoff分发；用光，耗尽giveout归还giveback22geton/alongwith与...相处；进展getonwellwithsb.与某人友好相处getonwellwithone'swork工作进展顺利联想:getdowntosth./doing开始认真做......makeprogress(in...)(在某方面)取得进步/进展用法:progress是不可数名词，可以用good，rapid，great，slow，much，some，no，little等表程度的词来修饰；makeprogress的主语一般指人。sb.makegoodprogressinsth.23burndown焚毁，烧毁联想:burn...totheground烧成灰烬dependon/upon依靠，相信，信赖，取决于It/That(all)depends(on).那得看情况。dependonsb.forsth./todosth.依靠某人做某事运用:Hersuccessheredependsonhereffortandability.Iwanttoleaveearlybutitdependson.ontime按时，准时(atexactlytherighttime)联想:及时，迟早attime(=earlyorsoonenough)提前aheadoftime(=earlierthanexpected)立刻innotime(=soon,inashorttime)有时attimes(=nowandthen,fromtimetotime)24beabouttodosth.刚要，即将；正要做某事用法:表示“即将，正要做某事“，一般不与表示时间的状语连用；其否定式可表示”没有打算做某事“；常于when连用构成句型was/wereabouttodosth...when...正要做某事...就在这时/突然...IwasabouttogetonthebuswhenIheardmynamecalled.evenif/though即使Youcantakethefutureeventhoughyoufail.联想:evenso即使如此，常用作插入语evennow即使在现在，副词短语做状语asif/though+方式状语从句，好像25bemadeof由...制成(成品能看出原材料)bemadefrom由...制成(成品不能看出原材料)makeAintoB把A制成Bbemadeupof由...组成(=consistof)bemadein在...制造putup张贴；建造；举起反义:takedown取下来；拆除；记下来联想:putdown记下putback放回原处puton穿上；上演putout扑灭putoff推迟putwith忍受putaway放好，收起来；储蓄26carryon=continuedoingsth.继续，坚持用法:后面可以直接跟名词、动名词或代词作宾语，也可以构成carryonwithsth.短语。carryonaconversation/discussion进行谈话/讨论carryoutapromise/aplan/anorder实践诺言/实施计划/执行命令carryoutasurvey/anexperiment/atest进行调查/试验/测试aswell(=too)也aswellas(=inadditionto)除...之外，也；和...一样好用法:一般用于句尾，常与and搭配使用注意:aswellas连接两个主语的时候，谓语动词的单复数由主语的单