工业生产2公开课获奖课件

工业生产PPTA旳聚合措施 PPTA旳合成有如下几种措施：低温溶液聚正当、界面缩聚法、固相聚正当、气相聚正当、微波辐射聚正当和络合聚合体系。历史

1965年美国杜邦企业旳S.L.Kwolek博士开发出间位芳纶“HF-1”，

1966年杜邦企业开发出对位聚芳酰胺纤维，即后来众所周知旳Kevlar纤维，

1967年杜邦旳间位芳纶开始以商品名“Nomex”出售，

1972年日本帝人企业生产出了间位芳纶，商品名为“Conex”，

1975年荷兰阿克苏企业生产出对位芳纶，商品名“Arenka”，

1986年阿克苏企业将“Arenka”更名为“Twaron”，

1987年日本帝人企业旳对位芳纶“Technora”实现产业化，

1991年德国Hochest企业建立了芳香族聚酰胺纤维小试厂。国外现状美国杜邦（DuPont）——Kevlar荷兰阿克苏诺贝尔企业（Akzo-Nobel，已与日本帝人企业合并）——Twaron日本帝人企业——Technora另外，俄罗斯、德国、韩国帝人(45%)杜邦(55%)其他5％对苯二甲酰氯和对苯二胺在NMP中低温溶液缩聚法制备树脂，树脂再溶于浓硫酸中进行液晶纺丝不同厂家生产芳纶构造

TeijinAramidistheleaderintheworldofaramids.Withfourdifferentaramidsinavarietyofformats,wecanofferourcustomersnotonlythegreatestrangeofproductproperties,butalsoanunrivalledlevelofknowledgeandexperiencewhenitcomestoinnovativeproductdevelopment.TeijinAramid（帝人）TwaronSulfronTeijinconexTechnoraTwaron（PPTA）Twaron®isaverystrong,lightpara-aramidfiber(poly-paraphenyleneterephthalamide)developedandproducedexclusivelybyTeijinAramidIthasahighmodulus,andisthermallystable,andhighlyimpactandchemicalresistant.Twaron（PPTA）Maincharacteristics1、Hightensilestrength

Strongandlight:weightforweight,Twaronis5timesstrongerthansteel.2、Fatigueresistance

Littlelossofstrengthduringrepeatedabrasion,flexingandstretching.3、Dimensionalstability

Stiffandhighlyorientedmolecularstructureleadstoahighmodulusofelasticity,lowcreepandlowstressrelaxation.Lowthermalshrinkage,i.e.,excellentdimensionalstability.Twaron（PPTA）ProductsTwaronisavailableas:

Filamentyarn,Staplefiber,Shortfiber,Powder,Pulp,FabricsandlaminatesMainapplicationsTwaronisusedtoreinforce:

Ignitioncables,Communicationcables,Heat-protectionproducts,Cut-protectionproducts,Ballistic-protectionproducts,Tires,Hoses,Transmissionbelts,Otherrubberproducts,Frictionproducts,Sealingmaterials,Technical.paperproducts,CompositesEngineeringplasticsfortheelectrical,electronicandautomotiveindustries,Civilengineeringproducts,Ropesandcables,ThermoplasticpipesSulfron

Sulfron®,amodifiedTwaronaramid,improvesthepropertiesofsulfur-andperoxide-curedrubbercompounds.Itreduceshysteresis,heatbuild-upandab-rasion,whileimprovingflexibility,tearandfatigueproperties.Sulfronmodifiedaramid-basedrubberingredientsmaketiresmoredurableandlong-lasting,loweringrollingresistance,andreducingfuelconsumptionwithoutcompromisingperformance.Sulfron

Product

Sulfron3001mustalsobemixedwithfillers,butbecauseithasnospecificmixingtemperature,itcanbeusedinNR-basedcompounds.Amongotherapplications,itissuitableforimprovingtruck/bus(TB),off-the-road(OTR)andagriculturaltires.

Mainapplications

Sulfronisusedtoreinforce:

Tires

Hoses

Transmissionbelts

Otherrubberproducts(e.g.,conveyorbelts,airsprings,anti-vibrationproducts,specialtyfabricsandcompoundreinforcement)TeijinconexTeijinconex®isameta-linkedaromaticpolyamidefiber(poly-(metaphenyleneisophthalamide)MPIA),developedandproducedexclusivelybyTeijinLimited.Thismeta-aramidisidealforheat-resistantmaterials,asitdoesnotcatchfireormeltandadheretohumanskin.OutstandingretentionoffiberpropertiesRetentionoffiberpropertiesevenafterlong-termexposure.TeijinconexProductsTeijinconexisavailableas:StaplefiberMainapplicationsTeijinconexisusedtoreinforce:1、Heat-protectionproducts2、Hoses3、Transmissionbelts4、Otherrubberproducts(e.g.,conveyorbelts,airsprings,anti-vibrationproducts,specialtyfabricsandcompoundreinforcement)5、Composites(e.g.,formarine,aerospace,andsportsandleisureproducts)Engineeringplasticsfortheelectrical,electronicandautomotiveindustriesTechnoraAvailablesince1987,Technora®isaverystrongpara-aramidfiberdevelopedandproducedexclusivelybyTeijinLimited.Thisaromaticcopolyamid(co-poly-(paraphenylene/3,4'-oxydiphenyleneterephthalamide))isidealfordynamicperformanceapplicationsinvolvingsignificantmotionTechnoraMaincharacteristics1、Hightensilestrength

Strongandlight:weightforweight,Technorais8timesstrongerthansteeland3times

strongerthanfiberglass,polyesterornylonyarns.2、Fatigueresistance

Showslittlelossofstrengthevenduringrepeatedabrasion,flexingandstretching.3、Dimensionalstability

Stiffandhighlyorientedmolecularstructureleadstoahighmodulusofelasticity,lowcreepandlowstressrelaxation.Lowthermalshrinkage,i.e.,excellentdimensionalstability.4、Heatresistance

Thermaldecompositionthresholdof500ºC,soTechnoracanbeusedat200ºCforlongperiods.At250ºC,itmaintainsmorethanhalfofitsroom-temperaturetensilestrength.

5、Chemicalresistance

Highlyresistanttoacids,alkalisandorganicsolvents;notvulnerabletodamagecausedbysteamorseawater.TechnoraProductsTechnoraisavailableas:Filamentyarn

Staplefiber

Shortfiber

Stretch-brokenyarnMainapplicationsTechnoraisusedtoreinforce:IgnitioncablesCommunicationcablesHosesTransmissionbeltsOtherrubberproductsCompositesCivilengineeringproductsRopesandcablesKevlarKevlar®brandfiberisaninnovativetechnologyfromDuPontthatcombineshighstrengthwithlightweighttohelpdramaticallyimprovetheperformanceofavarietyofconsumerandindustrialproducts.GroundbreakingresearchbyDuPontscientistsinthefieldofliquidcrystallinepolymersolutionsin1965formedthebasisforthecommercialpreparationoftheKevlar®aramidfiber.Lightweightandflexible,Kevlar®hasevolvedoverfourdecadesofinnovationtodoeverythingfromhelpingsavethousandsoflivesaroundtheworldtohelpingmakesaferhomesandvehiclestohelpinglandspacecraftonMars.Ifitneedstobelight,strong,orsafe,itneedstobeKevlar®.KevlarFibersofKevlar®consistoflongmolecularchainsproducedfrompoly-paraphenyleneterephthalamide.Thechainsarehighlyorientedwithstronginterchainbonding,whichresultsinauniquecombinationofproperties.GeneralpropertiesofKevlar®:HighModulusHighLASE(LoadAtSpecifiedElongation)HighTensileStrengthatLowWeightLowElongationtoBreakHighModulus(StructuralRigidity)LowElectricalConductivityHighChemicalResistanceLowThermalShrinkageHighToughness(Work-To-Break)ExcellentDimensionalStabilityHighCutResistanceFlameResistant,Self-ExtinguishingvProductsKevlar®AramidPulpKevlar®fiberandfilamentKevlar®ThreadKevlarcanoealgonquinKevlar®fiberandfilamentNewKevlar®APKevlar®APhigherperformancethancurrentKevlar®K29,givingcustomersuniquedesignflexibilitiesacrossawiderangeofindustrialapplicatioKevlar®XP™fabrictechnologyThispatentedtechnologyprovidesapproximately15%reductioninbackfacedeformationandsuperiorballisticperformanceina100%Kevlar®solution.Kevlar®XP™allowsmorecomfortablevestdesignwithatleast10%reductioninoverallweight.Kevlar®29(K29)TheoriginalfamilyofproducttypesofKevlar®havingsimilartensilepropertiesandwithmanydeniersandfinishes,theseyarnsareusedinballisticapplications,ropesandcables,protectiveapparelsuchascut-resistantgloves,inlifeprotectionusessuchashelmets,vehiculararmoringandplates,andasrubberreinforcementintiresandautomotivehoses.Kevlar®49(K49)

Kevlar®100

Kevlar®119Kevlar®129Kevlar旳合成和理化性质Kevlarissynthesizedinsolutionfromthemonomers1,4-phenylene-diamine(para-phenylenediamine)andterephthaloylchlorideinacondensationreactionyieldinghydrochloricacidasabyproduct.Theresulthasliquid-crystallinebehavior,andmechanicaldrawingorientsthepolymerchainsinthefiber'sdirection.Hexamethylphosphoramide(HMPA)wasthesolventinitiallyusedforthepolymerization,butforsafetyreasons,DuPontreplaceditbyasolutionofN-methyl-pyrrolidoneandcalciumchloride.AsthisprocesswaspatentedbyAkzo(seeabove)intheproductionofTwaron,apatentwarensued.KevlarchemicalstructureH-bondsPropertiesWhenKevlarisspun,theresultingfiberhasatensilestrengthabout3620MPa,andarelativedensityof1.44.Thepolymerowesitshighstrengthtothemanyinter-molecularhydrogenbonds.Additionstrengthisderivedfromaromaticstackinginteractionbetweenadjacentstrand.TheseinteractionshaveagreaterinfluenceonKevlarthantheVanDeWaalsinteractionsandchainlengththattypicallyinfluencethepropertiesofothersyntheticpolymersandfiberssuchasDyneema.Thepresenceofsaltsandcertainotherimpuri