(完整)英语音标基础学习及练习

(完整)英语音标基础学习及练习(完整)英语音标基础学习及练习(完整)英语音标基础学习及练习英语音标学习认识几个定义：1、音素英语语音中最小的发音单位.2、元音发音时气流在通路上不受发音器官的阻碍.3、辅音发音时气流在通路上受到发音器官的阻碍。4、音节说话时最小的语音片段。一个可以为单个元音（如I/aɪ/），或者一个元音加上一个或多个辅音（如tree/tri：/）。单词可以根据音节数量分为:单音节词,双音节词和多音节词。5、开音节以读音为元音的字母结尾的音节,即辅音+元音（如me,he等)；或以不发音字母e结尾（如name,come等）。6、闭音节以一个或几个辅音字母结尾且中间只有一个元音，即元音+辅音(如it,pen，pick等）。7、重读在双音节或多音节单词中，有个音节必须读得特别强而重，而其它音节读得相对弱而轻，这种现象就叫单词重读。用符号“’”表示。8、清音和浊音(辅音）发音时声带不振动叫清辅音；声带振动叫浊辅音.音标基础学习一、英语共有48个音素，元音20个,辅音28个元音1.长短：/i://ɪ//ɜ：//ə//ɔ：//ɔ//U://ʊ/2。大小：/e//æ//ɑ：//ʌ/3.I组:/eɪ//aɪ//ɔɪ/4.U组:/əʊ//aʊ/5.ə组：/ɪə//eə//ʊə/清辅音 /p//t//k//f//θ//s//ʃ//tʃ//tr//ts//h/

浊辅音/b//d//g//v//ð//z/

/ʒ//dʒ//dr/

/dz//r//m//n//ŋ/

/ǀ//w//j/注：s与辅音元音里的爆破音结合时，通常是清辅音被浊化,/p//t//k/它们浊化后，分别发成:/b//d//g/二．26个字母在单词中的具体发音a/ei/nameablecaketabletakedate/æ/applecatmapammatchmattersadandangry/ɑ:/dancelastpassplant/כ/wantwhatwatchwash/ə/aarrivealongalikealoude/i:/heshemeeveningmeter/e/elephanteggbedpenbestgetemptyFebruarynextthensend/i/enjoyEnglishelevenbecauseforesti/ai/finebikefiveiceclimberhikingkind/i/issitmisspigpictureinterestingilldinnerhimlistenpickrivero/əu/oldhomenosecoketomatotofuoverholdpiano/כ/dognotclockboxrobotonfromforestoftenstop/ʌ/sonmonthmotherloveyoung/u：/whodowhoseu/ju：/useusuallyexcusemenu/ʌ/busussunduckuncleuptrunkfunnymust/u/putpullhelpfulb/b/bookbigbagboxc/k/cleanclimbcupclockcookcollectcurtainclothes/s/facenicepencilcitycinemad/d/deskdolldogdaddaydon’tdishdoesdeepf/f/finefriendflyfootfanfallfightfavouritefruitfunnyg/ɡ/gunglassgladgoget/dʒ/ageorangevillageh/h/hatherhousehoneyhappyhaveheavierhurthobbyhospitalj/dʒ/jeepjacketjumpJan.JulyJunek/k/kitecakethankkangaroospeaktakewalkworklakelikel/l/legleftrulerflaglamplongerrelaxplay/l/applebowltelloldtailwhalem/m/ammapmymouthmilkn/n/noknownewhand/ŋ/thankthinkthinguncleswingp/p/mapjeeppigpenappleplantplaypotatopleasepolicemanq/kw/quitequiltquickr/r/redradiobrotherrainreadrunrabbitwritemirrorlibrarys/s/sitmissthissaltybooksspringswimsleepsometimesgrass/z/nosethoseroserulersseasont/t/itsitnotthattablelittletiredtakeleftfruitbutplantv/v/fiveverysevenvillagelivew/w/wewindowwatchwantwaitwaterWednesdaywinterwithx/ks/boxsixfoxrelaxy/ai/myflywhybye/j/yesyellowyoungyesterday/i/happybabyverywindysnowystudyz/z/zoozero三、常见字母组合（一）元音组合ai

/ei/

wait

paintay/ei/mayplaydaysayair/εə/airhairchairal/ɔ:/tallsmallballar/α:/fartherfarmcararmea①/i:/meatpleasetearead

②/e/headbreadready

③/iə/

theaterear①/iə/ear

hear

near

②/εə/

bear

③/ə:/

earthee/i:/meetseebeefeetjeepeir/εə/theirer①/ə/

workerteacher

②

/ə：/

herere①/iə/

here

②/εə/wherethereew①/ju：/new

few

②/u:/flew

grewight/ai/righthighbrightir/ə：/birdgirlshirtthirtyoa/əu/boatcoatong/oŋ/

long

songoo①/u/bookfootgood

②/u：/moonballoonor①/ɔ:/shortforkport

②/ə：/wordworldworkoor/ɔ：/door

floorore/ɔ：/morestoresoreou/au/outhousemouthour①/ɔ:/four

your②

/auə/ourow①/əu/bowl

window②

/au/nowcowfloweroy/oi/

boy

toyur/ə：/

turn（二）辅音组合th①/θ/thank

mouth

②/δ/thisthatwithtr

/tr/treetraintruckdr

/dr/dressdriversh/∫/shirtwashshortch①/t∫/childchaircatch

②/k/school

Christmas

③/dз/

sandwichtw/tw/

twotwintwentywh①/w/whitewheelwhat

②/h/whowhosewhomts/ts/

jackets

kitesds/dz/

birds

friends（三)特殊组合tion/∫n/questionnation四、单词重音（wordstress）英语单词分为单音节词，双音节词和多音节词。含有一个元音音素的字母组合叫做一个音节,由一个音节构成的词叫做单音节词,如bed[bɛd］,dad[dæd]。由两个音节构成的词叫双音节词，如funny

［’fʌnɪ]

，famous

［’feməs］

由两个以上音节构成的单词叫多音节词,如delicious

［dɪ’lɪʃəs］

英语单词如果有一个以上的音节则有重读音节和非重读音节，由符号“’”表示，如about

［ə’baut］。有的多音节词有两个重音，一个是主重音，一个是次重音，或两个都是主重音，次重音用符号“，”表示，标在次重音的左下方。如anybody

［'ɛnɪ，bɑdɪ］。双音节的重音一般落在第一个音节上，多音节的重音通常为倒数第三个音节,如documentary

［,dɑkjə'mɛntərɪ],grandfather

[’grænd，fɑðɚ].四．句子重音（sentencestress）一个句子中,实词（名词，实义动词,数词，形容词，副词等）重读;虚词（冠词，介词）不重读。英语音标练习题一、口语练习（一）读出下列单词：1。/i://i//e//æ//bit//wi：k//di：l//riəl//kid//dig//kwik//tip//zip//rid//wil/bitweekdealrealkiddigquicktipzipridwill/pæk//gæp//træʃ//næg//ræm//bætl//sed//′hæpi//′setl//di′pend/packgaptrashnagrambattlesaidhappysettledepend2./a://ɔ://ɔ//u://u//ma:sk//pa:st//fra：ns//stɔ:m//nɔ：t//fɔks//sɔk//fa://la:dʒ//ma：k/maskpastFrancestormnaughtfoxsockfarlargemark/θɔt//prɔmis//lu：s//tuk//mud//θru://pul//wud/thoughtpromiseloosetookmoodthroughpullwood3./ʌ//ə//ə//dʌl//′hʌri//gʌlf//′trʌbl//ə：n//sə:f//′tə:nə//′begə//tʌk/dullhurrygulftroubleearnsurfturnerbeggertuck/kə：b//ə:k//ə′merik//′sɔkə//′kæmpə//sə′vei//pə′veid//pə′hæps/curbirkAmericasoccercampersurveypervadeperhaps4./ei//əu//ai//au//ɔi//keip//greit//mein//prəpəuz//′məuʃən//stəun//′əuvə//sait/kapegreatmainproposemotionstoneoversight/raim//daut//′taipist//aust//mɔist//′ɔistə/rhymedoubttypistoustmoistoyster5./iə//ɛə//uə//viə//ə′fɛə//dɛə//skɛə//buən//guəd//′ruərəl//ə′piə//kə′lʌmbiə/veeraffairdarescarebourngourdruralappearColombia6。/θ//ð//mʌnθ//θi:f//ðæt//ðæn//feiθ//tə′geðə//θæŋk//ðəm′selvz/monththiefthatthanfaithtogetherthankthemselves（二）、绕口令：Atidytigertiedatietightertotidyhertinytail。AmadmansaysthatAmandahascapturedafatpanda.Ifyounoticethisnotice,youwillnoticethatthisnoticeisnotworthnoticing.Abigblackbugbitabigblackbear,madethebigblackbearbleedblood。Iftwowitcheswatchedtwowatches,whichwitchwouldwatchwhichwatch?WhichwristwatchisaSwisswristwatch？Shesellsseashellsontheseashore。Theseashellsshesellsareseashellssheissure.二、笔头练习：（一).找出画线部分读音不同的单词(

)1。A.teaB.meatC。weatherD。beach(

）2.A。backB.fastC.haveD.map（

）3.A.warmB.gardenC。marketD。party(

)4。A。schoolB.toothC.chooseD.good(

）5.A。JuneB.rulerC。putD。menu(

）6。A。goB.noC。coldD.hot（

）7.A。pushB.funC.sunD。ugly(

）8。A。tigerB.herC。officerD.over(

)9。A。mouthB.dangerousC.thousandD.about（

）10.A。too B．classroom C．broomD．afternoon(

）11.A。yellow B．brown C．window D．know（

）12。A．these B．they C．brother D．three（

）13.A．teacher B．seat C．sweater D．please(

）14.A.islandB。smallC。