高考英语一轮复习知识清单（全国版）专题08 动词不定式八大用法（清单） 含答案及解析

专题08动词不定式八大用法归纳（清单）（原卷版）目录动词不定式五年高考真题细目表P2考点清单一、不定式作主语典型用法P3考点清单二、不定式作宾语两种典型用法P3考点清单三、不定式作宾语补足语四种典型用法P4考点清单四、不定式作定语典型用法P5考点清单五、不定式作状语三种典型用法P5考点清单六、不定式作表语典型用法P6考点清单七、不定式的三种典型省略用法P6考点清单八、动词不定式的复杂形式P6分类训练（一）单句填空（高考真题）P7分类训练（二）单句填空（模拟试题）P7分类训练（三）单句改错（真题模拟）P8分类训练（四）写作升格（高考书面表达）P8分类训练（五）语篇运用（外刊原创）P9（一）中国加强中医药专利保护P9（二）中国旅韩大熊猫产下双胞胎P10动词不定式五年高考真题细目表卷别作状语作宾语作宾补作定语作主语作表语2023新高考I卷whethertobite…2023新高考I卷allowingthemtobelifted2023全国甲卷toteachusedto(be)afraid改错2022新高考I卷toincrease2022新高考II卷toseehowtothank…2022全国甲卷wasunwilling(to)talk改错tojourney2022全国乙卷Tostrengthenpreparing-prepare改错2022北京卷toharm2022浙江1月卷tocontinue2022浙江6月卷tellsyounottodo2022上海7月卷toachieve2022上海1月卷tosee2021新高考II卷toeducate2021全国甲卷towalk2021全国乙卷aimtohave2021浙江6月卷toplant2020全国I卷tofind2020全国II卷easytocare2020全国III卷wasforced(to)eat改错2020北京卷tobreak2019全国II卷toretire2019全国III卷opens-open改错2018全国I卷tosee2018全国II卷toimprove2018全国III卷allowedmetostay动词不定式考点思维导图考点清单一、不定式作主语典型用法要点精讲1.不定式作主语表具体行为，表特指(对比：动名词作主语表泛指，是抽象行为)。2.不定式作主语三情况：直接作主语；It作形式主语；wh-todo短语作主语(谓语用单数)。3.常考句型Itis+adj.+of/forsbtodosth结构；Ittakessb.timetodosth.等。【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。1.Ittookyearsofwork_____________(reduce)theindustrialpollutionandcleanthewater.2.It’simportantforthefigures_____________(update)regularly.3.Whenandwheretostarttheprograms____________(remain)unknown.4.(2019全国III)Onourwaytothehouse,itwasrainingsohardthatwecouldn'thelpwonderinghowlongitwouldtake__________(get)there.考点清单二、不定式作宾语两种典型用法要点精讲1：只接todo作宾语的动词:妙记--mecarfipsd霉咖啡不是的manage,expect,choose,afford/agree/attempt,refuse,fail,intend,plan/pretend/promise,seem,decide/desire/determine【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。5.Theyfailed_____________(grasp)theimportanceofhiswords.6.Sheneverseemed________(care)whattherestofusthoughtabouther.7.(2019浙江)OnestudyinAmericafoundthatstudents'gradesimprovedalittleaftertheschoolintroduceduniforms.Butsomestudentsdidn'twant__________(wear)theuniform.要点精讲2：接todo/doing意义不同的动词：妙记--frogshmt青蛙聪明forget,remember/regret,goon,stop,can’thelp,mean,try。该考点非常重要，必须重视。forgettodo忘记要去做某事（未做）forgetdoing忘记已经做过某事（已做）remembertodo记得将要做某事（未做）rememberdoing记得已经做过某事（已做）regrettodo遗憾去做某事（未做）regretdoing后悔做过某事（已做）goontodo继续做另一件事（对象变了）goondoing继续做正在做的事（对象不变）stoptodo停下来去做另一件事（对象变了）stopdoing停止做某事（对象不变）can’thelptodo不能帮助做某事can’thelpdoing情不自禁做某事meantodo打算做某事（未做）meandoing意味着做某事（解释作用）trytodo努力做某事（不一定成功）trydoing尝试做某事（强调尝试和行动）【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。8.Ifyouthinkthattreatingawomanwellmeansalways________(get)herpermissionforthings,thinkagain.9.--Look!Thewindowisopen.--I’msorry.Iforgot____________(close)it.10.Iremembered_________(lock)thedoorbeforeIlefttheoffice,butforgottoturnoffthelights.11.Susanwantedtobeindependentofherparents.Shetried_________(live)alone,butshedidn’tlikeitandmovedbackhome.考点清单三、不定式作宾语补足语四种典型用法要点精讲1：see类动词(不定式作宾补省to，但在被动语态中to应加上):巧记--注意让迈克听听看看这块表有啥感觉notice,let,make,hear,listento,see,observe,watch,have,feel【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。12.Withtheworldchangingfast,wehavesomethingnew(deal)withbyourselveseveryday.13.Hewasobserved________________(enter)theofficesilently.14.WhenIcameinIsawhim______________(listen)tomusic.要点精讲2：warn类动词(只接todo后作宾补)warn,tell,ask,persuade,expect等。【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。15.Passengersarepermitted___________(carry)onlyonepieceofhandluggageontotheplane.16.Energydrinksarenotallowed____________(make)inAustraliabutarebroughtinfromNewZealand.17.Oncehismessagewasdelivered,heallowedme________(stay)andwatch.18.Theyarerequired________(process)thefoodthatweeat,torecoverfrominjuryandforseveralotherbodilyfunctions.19.(2020浙江1月卷)Themedian(中位数的)ageofanAmericanin1950was30—todayitis41andisexpected____________(increase)to42by2050.要点精讲3：用于“with+名词+不定式”，表示一个主动的、将要发生的动作。省略with后构成的“名词/代词+不定式”构成独立主格结构。【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。20.Withalotofdifficultproblems___________(solve),thenewly-electedpresidentishavingahardtime.21.Isendyou100dollarstoday,therest__________(follow)inayear.22.Withalotofhomework___________(do),Idecidednottowatchtheperformancewithyou.要点精讲4：besaid类动词：besaid/believed/reported/knowntodo类句型，可以转化为Itissaidthat…。不定式根据语境还可能用进行式、被动式或完成式。【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。23.Robertissaid_____________(study)abroad,butIdon'tknowwhatcountryhestudiedin.24.Policearesearchingforawomanwhoisreportedto_____________(miss)sincethefloodhitthearea.考点清单四、不定式作定语典型用法要点精讲：1.不定式作定语修饰名词，多表示一个主动的将要发生的动作。2.不定式与名词之间是主谓关系或动宾关系。3.若不定式是不及物动词，后边应加上适当的介词。【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。25.Themeeting___________(hold)now/_______(hold)yesterday/_________(hold)tomorrowisveryimportant.26.Theairport_____________(complete)nextyearwillhelppromotetourisminthisarea.27.Mr.Greenstoodupindefenceoftheboy,sayingthathewasnottheone(blame).28.(2020浙江)Agriculturegavepeopletheirfirstexperienceofthepoweroftechnology________(change)lives.考点清单五、不定式作状语三种典型用法要点精讲1：不定式作目的状语，多用于todo,soastodo,inordertodo结构。注意逻辑主语一致性，位于句末前边不能有逗号。【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。29.Thelocalgovernmenthasdoneeverythingitcan__________(save)theburiedminers.30._______(accept)asanOlympicevent,asportmustbeplayedinatleast75countriesonatleast4continents.31.Whenaskedwhyhewentthere,hesaidhewassentthere(train)foraspaceflight.32.(2020天津改编)Thelocalgovernmentdoesn'thavetosacrificeenvironmentalprotection_________(promote)economicgrowth.要点精讲2：不定式作结果状语，多用于too…to,enoughtodo,onlytodo,so…asto,suchasto等结构。【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。33.Hehurriedtothestation,only____________(inform/find/tell)thatthetrainhadleft.34.Wouldyoubesokindas_____________(carry)theluggageforme?35.NowI’mbraveenough____________(stand)upandanswerthequestion.要点精讲3：不定式用于be+adj+todo构成的反射不定式，不定式主动形式表示被动意义。【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。36.Ilikegettingupveryearlyinsummer.Themorningairissogood_________(breathe).37.(2019全国I)Modemmethodsoftrackingpolarbearpopulationshavebeenemployedonlysincethemid-1980s,andareexpensive__________(perform)consistentlyoveralargearea.考点清单六、不定式作表语典型用法要点精讲：不定式作表语起解释说明作用。主语有实义动词do,作表语的不定式可省to。Ifyouarewrong,theleastthingyoucandois(to)apologize.如果你做错了，你可以做的至少是道歉。Theonlythingthathecandonowis(to)abandontheplan.现在他唯一能做的事情是放弃这个计划。【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。38.Havingatripabroadiscertainlygoodfortheoldcouple,butitremains_____(see)whethertheywillenjoyit.39.Thepurposeofnewtechnologiesistomakelifeeasier,____________(not,make)itmoredifficult.考点清单七、不定式的三种典型省略用法要点精讲1：感官动词和使役动词接不定式作宾补时省略to（注意被动语态中to应加上）；【即时训练】单句改错或用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。40.Thelibrarianwillletyoutoknowwhenthebookhasbeenreturned.改错41.Theyounggirlwasobserved________________(enter)theofficesilently.要点精讲2：下列句型常省略to：mayaswelldosth最好还是做……hadbetterdo最好做某事donothingbutdosth别无选择只好做某事can’thelpbutdosth.禁不住做某事Whynotdosth?何不做某事？prefertodo…ratherthandosth,宁愿做……而不愿做……wouldratherdo…thando…宁愿做……而不愿做……【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空或单句改错。42.Ratherthan______(ride)onacrowdedbus,healwaysprefers_______(ride)abicycle.43.---Iusuallygotherebytrain.---Whynot____________(try,go)byboatforachange?44.IlostmykeysintheofficesoIcoulddonothingbuttowaitformymother.改错要点精讲3：在一定的上下文中，为了避免重复，有时不定式可以省略，但通常保留不定式符号to。注意，不定式后面是动词be时，be应保留。【即时训练】单句改错。45.Theboywantedtoridehisbicycleinthestreet,buthismothertoldhimnottodo.46.Asweallknow,Chinaisnolongerthecountryitusedto.考点清单八、动词不定式的复杂形式不定式的否定式、完成式和被动式（以动词find为例）内容主动语态被动语态否定式一般式tofindtobefoundnottofind完成式tohavefoundtohavebeenfoundnottohavefound【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。47.Theboypretended_____________(read)thebookwhentheteachercamein.48.ThechildrentalkedsoloudlyatdinnertablethatIhadtostruggle___________(hear).49.Hegotupearlythismorningsoas_____________(miss)theearlytrain.50.Theenginejustwon'tstart.Somethingseems__________(go)wrongwithit.分类训练（一）高考真题用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。1.（2023新高考I卷）Toeatone,youhavetodecidewhether(bite)asmallholeinitfirst,releasingthestreamandriskingaspill(溢出),ortoputthewholedumplinginyourmouth,lettingthehotsoupexplodeonyourtongue.2.（2023新高考I卷）Nanxiangaside,thebestXiaolongbaohaveafineskin,allowingthem41(lift)outofthesteamerbasketwithoutallowingthemtearingorspillinganyoftheircontents.3.（2023全国甲卷）Forthousandsofyears,peoplehavetoldfables(寓言)61(teach)alessonortopassonwisdom.4.（2022新高考I卷）Theplanwillextendprotectiontoasignificantnumberofareasthatwerepreviouslyunprotected,bringingmanyoftheexistingprotectedareasforgiantpandasunderoneauthority___________(increase)effectivenessandreduceinconsistenciesinmanagement.5.（2022新高考II卷）Hepushedachairontothebalcony,andclimbedup________(see)them.6.（2022全国甲卷）Avisually-challengedmanfromBeijingrecentlyhiked(徒步)40daystoXi’an,asafirststep___________(journey)theBeltandRoadroute(路线)byfoot.7.(2022全国乙)___________(strengthen)theconnectionwithyoungpeople,theeventincludedanumberofpublicpromotionalactivitiesonsocialmedia…8.(2022天津卷)________(keep)hisrestlessstudentsoccupiedwithanindoorsportonrainydays,JamesNaismithcreatedbasketball.9.（2021全国II卷）Idecidedtodosomething________(educate)peopleaboutthisproblem.10.（2021全国乙卷）Accommodationsaim___________(have)alowimpactonthenaturalenvironment.分类训练（二）模拟试题用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。11.(2022浙江1月)ThatapproachbroughtCobb'sairtravellastyeardownby75%,andsheplans___________(continue)thepractice.12.（2020全国I卷）ChineseresearchershopetousetheinstrumentsonboardChang’e-4__________(find)andstudyareasoftheSouthPole-Aitkenbasin.13.(2020全国II)Bambooplantsareassociatedwithhealth,abundanceandahappyhome.Theyareeasy________(care)forandmakegreatpresents.14.(2020全国III)Thenextmorninghehiredaboatandsetout_________(find)thewell-knownpainter.15.(2018天津)Ididn'tmean___________(eat)anythingbuttheicecreamlookedsogoodthatIcouldn’thelp__________(try)it.16.(2017全国III)Sarah,whohastakenpartinshows,wants______(prove)thatshehasbrainsaswellasbeauty.17.AfterreceivingtheOscarforBestSupportingActress,AnneBenedictwenton(thank)allthepeoplewhohadhelpedinhercareer.18.Theyaretalkingaboutwhattheywillbringtotheparty___________(hold)thisweekend.19.Withalargeamountofworkremaining________(do),theengineercouldn’tsparetimeforaholiday..20.Thenovelisbelievedto_________________(translate)intotenforeignlanguagessofar.分类训练（三）单句改错下列各句均有一处错误，请指出并纠正。21.(2022全国甲)Iwasunwillingtalkwithhimandoftendisobeyedhisruleofnotstayingoutwithmyfriendstoolate.22.Itisconsiderateforhimtoinformmeofthedateforthemeeting.23.Therearefivepairstochoose,butI'matalosswhichtobuy.24.Ittookalongtimefortheconnectionbetweenbodytemperatureandillnesstomake.25.That’stheonlywaywecanimaginereducetheoveruseofwaterinbathrooms.26.Thereweremanytalentedactorsouttherejustwaitingtodiscover.27.IwouldlovetogotothepartylastnightbutIhadtoworkextrahourstofinishareport28.Doletyourmotherknowallthetruth.Sheappearstohavetoldeverything.21.We’dbetternottomissthechancetoenjoytheplay.30.---Comeon,pleasegivemesomeideasabouttheproject.---Sorry.Withsomuchworkfillmymind,Ialmostbreakdown.分类训练（四）写作升格（高考书面表达）书面表达句式升级：请运用动词不定式翻译下列各句。1.(2023全国乙)学会编制帮助我提高创造性和解决问题的技巧。____________________________________________________________________________________2.(2023新高考I)因此我想知道有没有可能允许我们随意选择搭档。____________________________________________________________________________________3.(2022全国乙)因为缺乏自律，他们更容易对网上聊天或打游戏上瘾。____________________________________________________________________________________4.(2022全国乙)目前，随着智能手机和电脑日益普及，越来越多学生正选择在教室之外以各种方式学英语。____________________________________________________________________________________5.(2022全国甲)设置“世界海洋日”目的是提高海洋保护意识，这在全球生态系统中起关键作用。____________________________________________________________________________________6.(2022全国甲)国家间应该携起手来制定切实可行保护海洋的方案。____________________________________________________________________________________7.(2022新高考I)这是我第一次邀请你参加我们TalkandTalk节目。____________________________________________________________________________________8.(2022新高考I)现在我们学英语有困难时，很多学生迫切知道如何解决。____________________________________________________________________________________9.(2021全国乙)另一方面，网络学习本身也有一些不足，使我们很难不受影响。____________________________________________________________________________________10.(2021全国甲)因为这个活动将在网站呈现，我真诚希望你能提一些建议。____________________________________________________________________________________分类训练（五）语法填空（外刊原创）（一）中国加强中医药专利保护ChinastrengtheningpatentprotectionsforTCM||Updated:2023-07-1120:40ChinahastakenmeasurestostrengthenintellectualpropertyprotectionconcerningtraditionalChinesemedicinesinabid1(promote)inheritance,developmentandinnovation,anofficialfromthecountry'stopIPregulatorsaid."We2(attach)greaterimportancetoprotectingpatentsinvolvingTCMoverthepastfewyearstomeetthecentralleadership'srequirementsofadvancinghigh-qualitygrowthinthefield3bringingTCMtotheworld,"saidSongJiangxiufromtheChinaNationalIntellectualPropertyAdministration.RegardingthesmallnumberofauthorizedTCMpatents,shesaidthatitisachallengefortheadministrationtoreviewrelevantapplications,"asalargenumberofapplicantswere4(individual),whofound5difficulttointerpretwhattechnicalcontributionstheirinventionshadmade,let6writethemdownonadocumentinaprofessionalmanner,"sheexplained.7(compare)withWesternmedicines,TCMisdifficulttostandardize,sorapidlygrowingpatentortrademarkapplicationsacrossthecountryarenot8(frequent)seen,accordingtoKangLixia,anIPlawyerfromBeijing'sHanrayLawFirm.While9(call)forpeopleengagedintheTCMindustrytofocusmoreonhowtopromoteitsdevelopmentthroughIPapplication,LiXiaowu,aseniorlegalresearchfellowatiCourt,saidthatitisalsonecessaryforIPspecialiststoenrichtheirknowledgeofTCMtofigureout10ismostneededinthisfield.（二）中国旅韩大熊猫产下双胞胎ChinesegiantpandagivesbirthtotwincubsinS.K/Xinhua|Updated:2023-07-1113:24GiantpandaAiBaofromChinagavebirthtotwinsonFridayinSouthKorea.

Theyarethefirstpairofgiantpandacubs1(bear)overseasthisyear.InMarch2016,AiBaoandhermateLeBao2(send)toSouthKorea'sEverlandResortfromSichuanprovinceaspartofa15-yeargiantpandaresearch3(cooperate)program.In2020,thepairmatedandgavebirthtoFuBao.Threeyearslater,theymatedagain4producedtwins.AiBao,anine-year-oldfemale,gavebirthtothefemaletwincubs,

thefirstpairofbabypandasinSouthKorea,onFriday,accordingtoEverland,5islocatedSouthKorea's6(large)themeparkinYongin.Theelderandtheyoungercubsweighed180gramsand140gramseach.SouthKorea7(see)thefirstbirthofababygiantpanda,namedFuBao,onitssoilinJuly2020.EverlandsaidthatAiBaoandhernewbornsremained8goodcondition.AiBaosucceededinnaturalmatingwithLeBao,a10-year-oldmale,inthemiddleofFebruary.Giantpandasareknownto9(rare)getpregnantastheirbreedingseasononlycontinuesforonetothreedaysperyearusuallyinspringtime.Thetwincubswillnotbeshowntothegeneralpublicforthetimebeing.Itusuallytakesfivetosixmonthsforacub10(adapt)toanexternalenvironment.

专题08动词不定式八大用法归纳（清单）（解析版）目录动词不定式五年高考真题细目表P2考点清单一、不定式作主语典型用法P3考点清单二、不定式作宾语两种典型用法P3考点清单三、不定式作宾语补足语四种典型用法P4考点清单四、不定式作定语典型用法P5考点清单五、不定式作状语三种典型用法P6考点清单六、不定式作表语典型用法P7考点清单七、不定式的三种典型省略用法P7考点清单八、动词不定式的复杂形式P8分类训练（一）单句填空（高考真题）P9分类训练（二）单句填空（模拟试题）P10分类训练（三）单句改错（真题模拟）P10分类训练（四）写作升格（高考书面表达）P11分类训练（五）语篇运用（外刊原创）P12（一）中国加强中医药专利保护P12（二）中国旅韩大熊猫产下双胞胎P13动词不定式五年高考真题细目表卷别作状语作宾语作宾补作定语作主语作表语2023新高考I卷whethertobite…2023新高考I卷allowingthemtobelifted2023全国甲卷toteachusedto(be)afraid改错2022新高考I卷toincrease2022新高考II卷toseehowtothank…2022全国甲卷wasunwilling(to)talk改错tojourney2022全国乙卷Tostrengthenpreparing-prepare改错2022北京卷toharm2022浙江1月卷tocontinue2022浙江6月卷tellsyounottodo2022上海7月卷toachieve2022上海1月卷tosee2021新高考II卷toeducate2021全国甲卷towalk2021全国乙卷aimtohave2021浙江6月卷toplant2020全国I卷tofind2020全国II卷easytocare2020全国III卷wasforced(to)eat改错2020北京卷tobreak2019全国II卷toretire2019全国III卷opens-open改错2018全国I卷tosee2018全国II卷toimprove2018全国III卷allowedmetostay动词不定式考点思维导图考点清单一、不定式作主语典型用法要点精讲1.不定式作主语表具体行为，表特指(对比：动名词作主语表泛指，是抽象行为)。2.不定式作主语三情况：直接作主语；It作形式主语；wh-todo短语作主语(谓语用单数)。3.常考句型Itis+adj.+of/forsbtodosth结构；Ittakessb.timetodosth.等。【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。1.Ittookyearsofwork_____________(reduce)theindustrialpollutionandcleanthewater.2.It’simportantforthefigures_____________(update)regularly.3.Whenandwheretostarttheprograms____________(remain)unknown.4.(2019全国III)Onourwaytothehouse,itwasrainingsohardthatwecouldn'thelpwonderinghowlongitwouldtake__________(get)there.【答案与解析】1.toreduce。Ittakessb.timetodosth.是常用句型，不定式短语作真正主语。故答案是toreduce。2.tobeupdated。定期更新数据很重要，数据是被更新的，故答案是tobeupdated。3.remains。wh-todo短语作主语，谓语用单数。故答案是remains。4.toget。这是Ittakessbtimetodosth.句型，it是形式主语，不定式是真正的主语。故答案是toget。考点清单二、不定式作宾语两种典型用法要点精讲1：只接todo作宾语的动词:妙记--mecarfipsd霉咖啡不是的manage,expect,choose,afford/agree/attempt,refuse,fail,intend,plan/pretend/promise,seem,decide/desire/determine【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。5.Theyfailed_____________(grasp)theimportanceofhiswords.6.Sheneverseemed________(care)whattherestofusthoughtabouther.7.(2019浙江)OnestudyinAmericafoundthatstudents'gradesimprovedalittleaftertheschoolintroduceduniforms.Butsomestudentsdidn'twant__________(wear)theuniform.【答案与解析】5.tograsp。failtodo未能做某事。故答案是tograsp。6.tocare。seemtodo好像做某事。故答案是tocare。7.towear。wanttodosth表示“想做某事”。故答案是towear。要点精讲2：接todo/doing意义不同的动词：妙记--frogshmt青蛙聪明forget,remember/regret,goon,stop,can’thelp,mean,try。该考点非常重要，必须重视。forgettodo忘记要去做某事（未做）forgetdoing忘记已经做过某事（已做）remembertodo记得将要做某事（未做）rememberdoing记得已经做过某事（已做）regrettodo遗憾去做某事（未做）regretdoing后悔做过某事（已做）goontodo继续做另一件事（对象变了）goondoing继续做正在做的事（对象不变）stoptodo停下来去做另一件事（对象变了）stopdoing停止做某事（对象不变）can’thelptodo不能帮助做某事can’thelpdoing情不自禁做某事meantodo打算做某事（未做）meandoing意味着做某事（解释作用）trytodo努力做某事（不一定成功）trydoing尝试做某事（强调尝试和行动）【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。8.Ifyouthinkthattreatingawomanwellmeansalways________(get)herpermissionforthings,thinkagain.9.--Look!Thewindowisopen.--I’msorry.Iforgot____________(close)it.10.Iremembered_________(lock)thedoorbeforeIlefttheoffice,butforgottoturnoffthelights.11.Susanwantedtobeindependentofherparents.Shetried_________(live)alone,butshedidn’tlikeitandmovedbackhome.【答案与解析】8.getting。这里应用meandoing表示“意味着”。故答案是getting。9.toclose。这里应用forgettodo表示“忘记做某事”，强调未做，故答案是toclose。10.tolock。remembertodo表示“记住去做某事”，和后面“忘记去关灯”呼应，故答案是tolock。11.living。trydoing强调“尝试着做了某事”，符合语境要求，故答案是living。考点清单三、不定式作宾语补足语四种典型用法要点精讲1：see类动词(不定式作宾补省to，但在被动语态中to应加上):巧记--注意让迈克听听看看这块表有啥感觉notice,let,make,hear,listento,see,observe,watch,have,feel【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。12.Withtheworldchangingfast,wehavesomethingnew(deal)withbyourselveseveryday.13.Hewasobserved________________(enter)theofficesilently.14.WhenIcameinIsawhim______________(listen)tomusic.【答案与解析】12.todeal。本句不是havesbdosth句式，而是havesthtodo表示“有某事要做”，不定式短语作定语，故答案是todeal。13.toenter。observesbdosth是固定句型，省略to的不定式作宾语补足语。但在被动语态中to应加上。故答案是toenter。14.listening。结合语境这里应用seesbdoingsth…表示“看见某人正在做某事”。故答案是listening。要点精讲2：warn类动词(只接todo后作宾补)warn,tell,ask,persuade,expect等。【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。15.Passengersarepermitted___________(carry)onlyonepieceofhandluggageontotheplane.16.Energydrinksarenotallowed____________(make)inAustraliabutarebroughtinfromNewZealand.17.Oncehismessagewasdelivered,heallowedme________(stay)andwatch.18.Theyarerequired________(process)thefoodthatweeat,torecoverfrominjuryandforseveralotherbodilyfunctions.19.(2020浙江1月卷)Themedian(中位数的)ageofanAmericanin1950was30—todayitis41andisexpected____________(increase)to42by2050.【答案与解析】15.tocarry。permitsbtodosth允许某人做事，故答案是tocarry。16.tobemade。allowsbtodosth允许某人做某事，故答案是tobemade。17.tostay。本句考查allowsbtodosth表示“允许某人做某事”。故答案是tostay。18.toprocess。本题考查requiresbtodosth表示“要求某人做某事”。故答案是toprocess。19.toincrease。本题考查expectsbtodosth表示“期待某人做某事”，故答案是toincrease。要点精讲3：用于“with+名词+不定式”，表示一个主动的、将要发生的动作。省略with后构成的“名词/代词+不定式”构成独立主格结构。【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。20.Withalotofdifficultproblems___________(solve),thenewly-electedpresidentishavingahardtime.21.Isendyou100dollarstoday,therest__________(follow)inayear.22.Withalotofhomework___________(do),Idecidednottowatchtheperformancewithyou.【答案与解析】20.tosolve。withsthtodo是with复合宾语结构，不定式强调将要发生的动作，故答案是tosolve。21.tofollow。本句是省略with后构成的“名词/代词+不定式”构成独立主格结构。故答案是tofollow。22.todo。withsthtodo是with复合宾语结构，不定式强调将要发生的动作，故答案是todo。要点精讲4：besaid类动词：besaid/believed/reported/knowntodo类句型，可以转化为Itissaidthat…。不定式根据语境还可能用进行式、被动式或完成式。【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。23.Robertissaid_____________(study)abroad,butIdon'tknowwhatcountryhestudiedin.24.Policearesearchingforawomanwhoisreportedto_____________(miss)sincethefloodhitthearea.【答案与解析】23.tohavestudied。besaidtodo表示“据说做某事”；whatcountryhestudiedin暗示该动作已结束，故答案是tohavestudied。24.havebeenmissing。sincethefloodhitthearea暗示应用不定式完成式；结合语境又是一种“失踪”状态，故答案是havebeenmissing。考点清单四、不定式作定语典型用法要点精讲：1.不定式作定语修饰名词，多表示一个主动的将要发生的动作。2.不定式与名词之间是主谓关系或动宾关系。3.若不定式是不及物动词，后边应加上适当的介词。【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。25.Themeeting___________(hold)now/_______(hold)yesterday/_________(hold)tomorrowisveryimportant.26.Theairport_____________(complete)nextyearwillhelppromotetourisminthisarea.27.Mr.Greenstoodupindefenceoftheboy,sayingthathewasnottheone(blame).28.(2020浙江)Agriculturegavepeopletheirfirstexperienceofthepoweroftechnology________(change)lives.【答案与解析】25.being;held;tobeheld。现在分词作定语，表示一个正在进行的动作；过去分词短语作定语表示一个被动的、已发生动作。不定式作定语则多表示一个将要发生的动作。故答案是being;held;tobeheld。26.tobecompleted。不定式作定语则多表示一个将要发生的动作；结合语境应用被动形式，故答案是tobecompleted。27.toblame。(be)toblame表示“该受到责备”，主动形式表示被动意义，故答案是toblame。28.tochange。结合语境应用单词不定式作定语。故答案是tochange。考点清单五、不定式作状语三种典型用法要点精讲1：不定式作目的状语，多用于todo,soastodo,inordertodo结构。注意逻辑主语一致性，位于句末前边不能有逗号。【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。29.Thelocalgovernmenthasdoneeverythingitcan__________(save)theburiedminers.30._______(accept)asanOlympicevent,asportmustbeplayedinatleast75countriesonatleast4continents.31.Whenaskedwhyhewentthere,hesaidhewassentthere(train)foraspaceflight.32.(2020天津改编)Thelocalgovernmentdoesn'thavetosacrificeenvironmentalprotection_________(promote)economicgrowth.【答案与解析】29.tosave。itcan是定语从句thatitcando的省略，故应用不定式作目的状语，故答案是tosave。30.Tobeaccepted。不定式作目的状语，且是被动含义，故答案是Tobeaccepted。31.tobetrained。不定式作目的状语，且是被动含义，故答案是tobetrained。32.topromote。不定式作目的状语，故答案是topromote。要点精讲2：不定式作结果状语，多用于too…to,enoughtodo,onlytodo,so…asto,suchasto等结构。【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。33.Hehurriedtothestation,only____________(inform/find/tell)thatthetrainhadleft.34.Wouldyoubesokindas_____________(carry)theluggageforme?35.NowI’mbraveenough____________(stand)upandanswerthequestion.【答案与解析】33.tobeinformed/tofind/tobetold。onlytodo常表示出乎预料的结果，本句含有被动意义,故答案是tobeinformed/tofind/tobetold。34.tocarry。so…astodo引导不定式作结果状语，故答案是tocarry。35.tostand。…enoughtodo是不定式短语作结果状语，故答案是tostand。要点精讲3：不定式用于be+adj+todo构成的反射不定式，不定式主动形式表示被动意义。【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。36.Ilikegettingupveryearlyinsummer.Themorningairissogood_________(breathe).37.(2019全国I)Modemmethodsoftrackingpolarbearpopulationshavebeenemployedonlysincethemid-1980s,andareexpensive__________(perform)consistentlyoveralargearea.【答案与解析】36.tobreathe。不定式用于be+adj+todo构成的反射不定式，不定式主动形式表示被动意义。故答案是tobreathe。37.toperform。本句是形容词短语作宾语补足语，暗含be+adj+todo构成的反射不定式，故答案是toperform。考点清单六、不定式作表语典型用法要点精讲：不定式作表语起解释说明作用。主语有实义动词do,作表语的不定式可省to。Ifyouarewrong,theleastthingyoucandois(to)apologize.如果你做错了，你可以做的至少是道歉。Theonlythingthathecandonowis(to)abandontheplan.现在他唯一能做的事情是放弃这个计划。【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。38.Havingatripabroadiscertainlygoodfortheoldcouple,butitremains_____(see)whethertheywillenjoyit.39.Thepurposeofnewtechnologiesistomakelifeeasier,____________(not,make)itmoredifficult.【答案与解析】38.tobeseen。Itremainstobeseenwhether….是固定句型，表示“是否……有待观察”，故答案是tobeseen。39.nottomake。这里不定式短语作表语，但是为了对比，不定式to不能省略，故答案是nottomake。考点清单七、不定式的三种典型省略用法要点精讲1：感官动词和使役动词接不定式作宾补时省略to（注意被动语态中to应加上）；【即时训练】单句改错或用括号内所给单词