资讯：英国大学正在丧失其社会责任范文

资讯：英国大学正在丧失其社会责任范文本篇是中国精心挑选的，中国致力于带给大家高品质的资讯，希望可以帮助到有需要的朋友们，望大家喜欢，喜欢的朋友，可以收藏这个网址哟!‘Whatistruth?”saidjestingPilate–inBacon’sfamousphrase.Whatispublicandwhatisprivate?Thisisaquestionthatpeopleinhighereducationcouldwellaskthemselvesin2015.“真相是什么”Pilate打趣地说道——这是培根著名的句子。什么事公共的什么事私人的?这是高等教育的人们在2015年会问起的一个问题。Theyshouldasknotsomuchbecauseofthescatteringofprivate–somefor-profit,somecharitable–institutionsthathasbeenallowedintothe(English)systemeitherthroughthefrontdoorbybeinggivendegree-awardingpowersoruniversitytitlesorviathebackdoorbybeingabletotapintostudentloans.他们不应该问这么多，因为私立的院校，不论是盈利为目的还是慈善的，已经进入了英国的体系，有些是光明正大地因为学校的学术能力或者学校名声，有些是靠走后门收取学生费用。Mostaresmallnicheplayers.Theirstudentsarecountedinthehundreds,notthethousands.Theyarenothreat–yet–totheestablisheduniversities.Maybetheyneverwillbe.很多私立学校是小学校。学生只有几百人不到上千人。他们对已经成立的院校没有任何威胁。也许永远都不会。Thequestionneedstobeaskedbecausethemainstream,still-just-aboutpublic,systemisbecomingincreasingly“private”.Universitiesnowconceiveofthemselvesascorporateorganisationsdrivenbybusinessplans.这个问题值得一问是因为主流的公立教育变得越来越私有化了。学校门把自己看做是以商业目的为驱使的公司企业。Weneedtoknockthreemythsonthehead.Thefirstisthatthepublic-privatedistinctionhassomethingtodowithlegalstatus.Allpublicuniversities,ineffect,havebeenlegallyestablishedasindependentcorporations.我们立马会想到三件事。第一件是公立和私立在法律地位上有差异。事实上所有公立大学都是像独立企业一样建立的。Theprecisetermsinwhichthisindependenceisexpresseddiffer–royalcharters,statute-ledinstrumentsandarticlesofgovernment,companieslimitedbyguarantee.Buttheeffectsarethesame–andnotasdifferentasweimaginefromthegovernanceofso-calledprivateinstitutions.在这里独立表示的精确意思是有区别的——皇家特许状，法令规定的法律文件，政府文件，有担保人的公司。但是其作用是一致的——并不是跟我们所想的私立学校的管理一样。Theonlysubstantialdifferenceisthatallpublicinstitutionsareregardedascharities–andregulatedaccordingly.Onlysomeofthenewprivateinstitutionsfallintothesamecategory.唯一一个主要的区别在于所有的公立学校都被认为是慈善的并且根据相应法规约束的。只有少数的私立院校在这一类别里面。Thesecondmythisthatthedistinctionhassomethingtodowithreceivingpublicmoney.SomeprivatecollegesthathaveattractedthebeadyattentionofMargaretHodge’spublicaccountscommitteegetmorepublicmoneyinproportiontotheirturnoversthantheLondonSchoolofEconomics,oneofourworld-classuniversities.第二件事就是收取公众费用的差别。一些私立学校吸引了MargaretHodge的公有账户投入更多的财政，比例甚至超过了世界一流的伦敦经济学院。Thethirdmythisthatprivateinstitutionsarefreerfromstateinterference.TheymaynothavetoconformtothecontrolexercisedbytheHigherEducationFundingCouncilforEnglandthroughitsfinancialmemorandumormaybemoreshelteredfromtherequirementsimposedbyfreedomofinformationlegislation.Butprivateinstitutionsowetheirlicencetooperatetothestate,bybeinggivendegree-awardingpowersoruniversitytitles(whichcanberevoked).PrivatecollegesarealsofarmorelikelytobeexposedtocensurebytheQualityAssuranceAgency.Themorepublicmoneytheyreceive,themoretheywillbeboundbyregulation.第三件事