Unit 4 《Reading for Writing》课件2023-2024学年高一上学期英语人教版（2019）必修第一册

Unit4NaturalDisastersReadingforWriting【文本研读】Ⅰ.文本整体理解:快速浏览文章1.Wherecanthispassagemostprobablybeseen?A.Amonthlymagazine.B.Adailynewspaper.C.Atravelbrochure.D.agovernmentwebsite.答案:B2.Findoutthemainideaofeachparagraph.A.TheseriousdamagetoSouthAsia.B.Thetsunamicausedbyanearthquakeanditsdamage.C.Thefollowingeffectandtherescue.Paragraph1

______Paragraph2 ______Paragraph3 ______

B

A

C

Ⅱ.文本细节理解:关注特色表达1.Onwhichdaydidthetsunamihappen?A.December27.

B.December26.C.OnMonday. D.OnTuesday.2.Wheredidtheearthquakehappen?A.AlongthecoastlineacrossAsia.B.OffthewestcoastofSumatraIsland.C.OnthesoutherncoastofIndia.D.InthesouthernThailand.3.HowmanydeathscausedbythetsunamiinIndonesiawerementionedinthisreport?A.About2,498 B.Asmanyas1,900.C.Morethan4,300 D.Morethan4,700.4.Whichistrueaccordingtothetext?A.Thetsunamiwascausedbythemostpowerfulearthquakeever.B.TheearthquakestruckrightonSumatraIsland.C.Foreignaidcan’treachthedamagedareabecauseofthedangerouscondition.D.ThesoutherncoastofIndiawasaffectedbythetsunamiaswell.答案:1~4.BBBD【概要写作】题型介绍概要写作,简言之就是对所读过的文章简要概括,写出文章的中心大意,也可称之为摘要。所选材料体裁没有限制,以说明文、议论文和记叙文为主。所需阅读的短文词数在350以内。【写作指导】【写作步骤】1.分析文本的结构;2.寻找各段的中心句;3.用自己的语言转述各段的中心句。【写作要求】1.对原文要点的理解和呈现情况;2.应用语法结构和词汇的准确性;3.上下文的连贯性;4.对各要点表达的独立性情况;5.词数60词左右。【写作模板】1.描写某事物的性质功能。即“对象+性质功能+利弊”:(inthepassage)thewriterintroduces...tous,especiallyits...,fromwhichweknow...2.针对某个问题提出解决方法或措施。即“问题+解决方法”:Thepassagetellsus...Sotheauthortellsushowto...,including...

3.介绍某现象及其原因、结果。即“现象+原因+结果”:Theauthortalksabout...Itiscausedby...Asaresult(consequently),...【知识延伸】1.概要应包括原文中的主要事实,略去不必要的细节。2.安排好篇幅的比例,概要应同原文保持协调,即用较多的文字写重要内容,用较少的文字写次要内容。3.注意要点之间的衔接,要用适当的关联词语贯通全文,切忌只简单地写出一些互不相干的句子,但也不要每两句之间都加关联词语,以免显得生硬。4.不排斥用原文的某些词句,但不要照搬原文的句子,如果不能完全用自己的话语表达,至少对原文句子做一些同义词替换,如果结构上也能有一些转换会更好。5.计算词数,看是否符合规定的词数要求。【典题演练】阅读下面短文,根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。

Gettingridofdirt,intheopinionofmostpeople,isagoodthing.However,thereisnothingfixedaboutattitudestodirt.

Intheearly16thcentury,peoplethoughtthatdirtontheskinwasameanstoblockoutdisease,asmedicalopinionhaditthatwashingoffdirtwithhotwatercouldopenuptheskinandletillsin.Aparticulardangerwasthoughttolieinpublicbaths.By1538,theFrenchkinghadclosedthebathhousesinhiskingdom.SodidthekingofEnglandin1546.ThusbeganalongtimewhentherichandthepoorinEuropelivedwithdirtinafriendlyway.HenryⅣ,KingofFrance,wasfamouslydirty.Uponlearningthatanoblemanhadtakenabath,thekingorderedthat,toavoidtheattackofdisease,thenoblemanshouldnotgoout.

Thoughthebeliefinthemerit(好处)ofdirtwaslong-lived,dirthasnolongerbeenregardedasaniceneighboreversincethe18thcentury.Scientificallyspeaking,cleaningawaydirtisgoodtohealth.Cleanwatersupplyandhandwashingarepracticalmeansofpreventingdisease.Yet,itseemsthatstandardsofcleanlinesshavemovedbeyondsciencesinceWorldWarⅡ.Advertisementsrepeatedlyselltheidea:clothesneedtobewhiterthanwhite,clothseversofter,surfacestoshine.Hasthehatefordirt,however,gonetoofar?

Attitudestodirtstilldifferhugelynowadays.Manyfirst-timeparentsnervouslytrytowarntheirchildrenofftouchingdirt,whichmightberesponsibleforthespreadofdisease.Onthecontrary,MaryRuebush,anAmericanimmunologist(免疫学家),encourageschildrentoplayinthedirttobuildupastrongimmunesystem.Andthelatter(后者)positionisgainingsomeground.【谋篇】(一)要点连接分析并总结各段落的要点之后,要把这些要点用适当的连接词进行连接,使上下句之间具有连贯性。本篇文章是总分的结构,要点2和要点3在观点上截然相反,因此需要表示转折的连接词,范文用了However恰到好处。要点3和要点4在观点上又存在不同,因此,使用表转折的副词though,而不再用However,可以避免三句话内出现两次However。(二)关键词汇第一段:fixed(固定的;不变的);第二段:means(手段,方法),blockout(挡住),openup(打开),upon(……之后;立即);第三段:long-lived(长期存在的),selltheidea(说服某人接受某个观点);第四段:warnsb.off(警告某人不要靠近),position(观点),gainsomeground(取得优势)。以上这些关键词对于整篇文章的理解与转化成自己的语言都很关键,如果不能准确领会其用意,语篇理解的效果会大打折扣。所以,概要写作的基础是理解语篇,而读懂语篇的基础是词汇,尤其是对关键词汇的掌握与运用。在此基础上,综合运用语法与句法结构,按照行文逻辑组织语言,形成概要。要点分析1.文章第一段的最后一句是本篇文章的主题句,亮明了总的观点:However,thereisnothingfixedaboutattitudestodirt.换句话说:Differentpeoplehavedifferentattitudestowardsdirt.再结合下文谈到的主题可知Differentpeoplehavedifferentattitudestowardsdirtontheskin.要点1“Peoplehavemixedopinionstowardsdirtonourskin.”概括非常精炼。2.第二段主要谈到了在16世纪,人们认为dirtontheskinwasameanstoblockoutdisease,尤以英、法两国的贵族为代表。结合第三段第一句Thoughthebeliefinthemeritofdirtwaslong-lived,dirthasnolongerbeenregardedasaniceneighboreversince18thcentury.可知,直到18世纪之前,人们都认为dirt是很“友好的”,有助于预防疾病。要点2“Foralongtimeinhistory,peopleofsomeEuropeancountries,suchasFrance,believedthatdirtprotectedpeoplefromgettingill.”很好地总结了这些要点。3.第三段用Though引出人们对dirt观点的转变“...sincethe18thcentury.Scientificallyspeaking,cleaningawaydirtisgoodtohealth.”再结合本段最后一部分Advertisementsrepeatedlyselltheidea...可得出要点3“However,peoplebegantochangetheirattitudestodirtabout200yearsago.Peoplehavebeentoldthatwashingdirtoffourbodycankeepushealthy.”4.文章最后一段第一句指出,现在人们对于dirt的态度还是有所不同,Onthecontrary引出专家的观点,一位免疫学家认为dirt有助于增强免疫系统。这一观点获得了一些支持。要点4“Somescientistsbelievethatexposuretosomedirtmayhelpourimmunesystem,though.”表达很恰当。【成篇】

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Peoplehavemixedopinionstowardsdirtonourskin.(要点1)Foralongtimeinhistory,peopleofsomeEuropeancountries,suchasFrance,believedthatdirtprotectedpeoplefromgettingill.(要点2)However,peoplebegantochangetheirattitudesto_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

dirtabout200yearsago.Peoplehavebeentoldthatwashingdirtoffourbodycankeepushealthy.(要点3).Somescientistsbelievethatexposuretosomedirtmayhelpourimmunesystem,though.(要点4)1.supplyn.[pl.]补给品;供应(量);补给vt.供应;供给*Thesupplieswhichwereprovidedtothedisasterareawerecollectedfromaroundthecountry.词汇复现

提供给灾区的物资是从全国各地筹集来的。*Theheartoftheproblemissupplyanddemand.问题的核心是供求关系。*Thereisagoodsupplyofbooksinthecupboard.橱柜里有许多书。*Nowwesupplypowertonine-tenthsofthecity’shomes.现在我们向这个城市十分之九的家庭提供电力。*Thecompanysupplieduswithmoneyfortheproject.公司为我们提供款项来做那项工程。【语块积累】(1)supplyanddemand供求关系agood/largesupplyof许多把某物提供/供应给某人/某处【即学活用】(1)Howlongwillour___________holdout?我们的储粮还能维持多久?(2)Thatshophas_______________shoes.那家商店贮存有大量的鞋子。foodsuppliesalargesupplyof(3)We_________________moneyandclothes.我们供给他们金钱和衣服。(4)Inourcitymilk____________eachhouseinbottle.在我们的城市,供应给各户的牛奶是瓶装的。suppliedthemwithissuppliedto2.survivevi.生存;存活vt.幸存;艰难度过*Isitenoughtohavesurvivedforalongtime?只是存在的时间长就足够了吗?*Ofallthemuseum’spaintings,onlyonesurvivedthefire.此次火灾中,该博物馆的全部藏画仅有一幅幸免于难。*Theycansurviveonverylittlemoney.他们用很少的钱就可以生存。*Therewasonlyonesurvivorfromtheplanecrash.这次飞机失事只有一个幸存者。*Weneedfoodandwaterforsurvival.我们为了生存需要食物和水。【语块积累】(1)survivesth.幸免于;从……中挺过来/活过来surviveon 依靠……生存下来(2)survivor n.幸存者survival n.[U]幸存;[C]残存物【熟词生义】*Hediedin1940,buthiswifesurvivedhimbyanother20years. (

)他在1940年去世,但他的妻子比他多活了20年。vt.比……活得长【名师点津】

survive易错误区survive表示“幸免于”时,是及物动词,因而不要加多余的介词in,from等。【即学活用】语境填词 (1)Itisnecessarythatwemastersomebasicskills,whichwillgreatlyincreaseourchancesof_______.Luckily,I________theterriblecarcrashlastweekandIwastheonly________oftheaccident.(survive)survivalsurvivedsurvivor(2)Theoldladysurvived___averylimiteddiet,butshesurvivedherhusband___tenyears.

onby3.aidn.援助;帮助;救援物资vi.&vt.帮助;援助*Amanimmediatelyrushedtothegirltogiveherfirstaidwithouthesitation.一位男士毫不犹豫地冲过去对那女孩进行急救。*Icouldn’tspeakanyFrench,butanicemancametomyaidandtoldmehowtogo.我不会说法语,但是一位好心的男士来帮助我并告诉我怎么走。*Wemaytravelwiththeaidofagoodmap.我们可以靠着好的地图旅行。*Hewasdeterminedtoaidthepoorboyincontinuinghisstudy.他决定要帮助这个可怜的男孩继续他的学业。*Hermotheraidedhertodress.她母亲帮她穿衣服。【语块积累】(1)givesb.firstaid对某人进行急救performfirstaid 施行急救come/gotoone’said 帮助某人withtheaidof 在……的帮助下(2)aidsb.in(doing)sth. 在(做)某事方面帮助某人aidsb.withsth. 以某事/物帮助某人aidsb.todosth. 帮助某人做某事【即学活用】语法填空(1)_____theaidofourEnglishteacher,wehavemadegreatprogressthisterm.(2)Tom’suncleaidedhim__gettinganewjob.

Within(3)Adictionarycanaidhim_______(learn)Englishwell.

(4)Theyaidedthepoor____foodandclothes.tolearnwith4.strikevi.&vt.侵袭;突击;击打n.

罢工;罢课;袭击*Theunderseaquakestruckaround7:00amSundayoffthewestcoastofIndonesia’sSumatraIsland.这场海底地震于星期天早上大约7点在印度尼西亚的苏门答腊岛西海岸爆发。*ItstruckmethatIwouldhaveanimportantmeetinginShanghaithenextday.我突然想起来我明天在上海有一个重要的会议。*Thevisitorswerestruckbythebeautyofthetouristarea.游客被旅游区的美景迷住了。*Tomstruckhislittlesisterintheface.汤姆打了他小妹妹的脸。*Theworkersdecidedtogoonstrikeforhigherpay.工人们决定为争取更高的工资而罢工。【语块积累】(1)Itstrikes/strucksb.that...(某人)突然想到……bestruckby 被……打动/迷住了strike...intoone’sheart 使……刻骨铭心strikesb.+介词+the+身体部位 打某人的某处(2)beonstrike 在罢工goonstrike 举行罢工【熟词生义】Myheartstruckheavilywhenitwasmyturntoanswerthequestions. (

)当轮到我回答问题时,我的心怦怦直跳。vi.心跳【即学活用】(1)_______________thephonenumberIhadtoldthemwaswrong.我忽然想到我告诉他们的电话号码是错的。(2)Iftheinterestsoftheworkersarenotconsidered,they’ll___________nextweek.如果工人的利益得不到考虑,下周他们会继续罢工。Itstruckmethatgoonstrike(3)_________strongflood,theareafacedwaterandelectricityshortage. 受到洪水的袭击,这个地区面临着缺水和停电。Struckby5.delivervt.&vi.递送;传达vt.发表*Thepostmanatlastdeliveredtheletterwehadbeenwaitingfor.邮递员总算把我们盼望已久的信送到了。*Heearnedhislivingbydeliveringlecturesthroughoutthecountry.他靠在全国各地巡回演讲谋生。*Wehadabigdeliveryofbooksyesterday.昨天我们收到大批订购的书。【语块积累】(1)deliversth.tosb.把某物传递给某人deliveraspeech/lecture 发表演说(2)delivery n.递送;交付【熟词生义】*Shewassafelydeliveredofaboyintheearlyhoursofthismorning. (

)她今天清晨顺利生下一个男孩。vt.接生【名师点津】拒绝双宾语的deliver

deliver后不接双宾语,即不能说deliversb.sth.,只能说deliversth.tosb.。【即学活用】(1)Theheadmaster__________________________atthemeetingyesterday.在昨天的会议上校长发表了重要演说。(2)Please____________________mymother.请把这个包裹交给我母亲。deliveredanimportantspeechdeliverthispackageto(3)He________________tothestudents.他给学生们开办了一次讲座。

deliveredalecture6.effectn.影响;结果;效果*Therainhashadaverybadeffectonthecrops.这场雨极其严重地影响了庄稼(的生长)。*Thetwomethodsareineffectofthesame.这两个方法实际上是一样的。*TheactwaspassedbyCongressandcameintoeffectinAugust,1980.这项法令由国会通过,于1980年8月实施。*Themedicineisaneffectivecureforaheadache.这药治头痛疗效很好。【语块积累】(1)haveaneffecton/upon对……产生影响comeintoeffect 生效takeeffect 生效ineffect 事实上;实际上sideeffect 副作用(2)effective adj.有效的;有影响的【即学活用】用effect的相关短语填空(1)Themedicine__________________yourdisease.

这药物对你的病疗效很大。(2)Hisreplyis_______anapology.

他的答复事实上是一种道歉。hadagreateffectonineffect(3)Thesporthasa_________onchildren.

这项运动对儿童有副作用。(4)Thenewtaxlawwillnot_______________________untilJanuary.

新税法到1月份才生效。sideeffecttakeeffect/comeintoeffect7.Iwashavingbreakfastwithmythreechildrenwhenwaterstartedfillingmyhome.

我和我的三个孩子正在吃饭,这时水开始溢进我的家里。【句式解构】该句式为bedoing...when...结构,表示:“正在做……,这时突然……”,when为并列连词,表示“这时;突然”,相当于andatthis/thattime。*Jackwasdoingsomeshoppinginasupermarketwhentheearthquakehappened.杰克正在超市购物,突然发生了地震。【知识拓展】beabouttodo...when...正要做……这时……beonthepointofdoing...when... 正要做……这时……had(just)done...when... 刚做完……这时……*Theywereabouttogiveup/onthepointofgivingupwhentheteacherencouragedthemtocontinue.他们快要放弃努力时,老师鼓励他们继续下去。*Shehadjustfinishedherhomeworkwhenhermotheraskedhertopracticeplayingthepianoyesterday.昨天她刚做完作业,她妈妈就让她练习弹钢琴。【即学活用】句式仿写(1)约翰正在房间里学习,这时他听到了一声尖叫。John____________inhisroom_____heheardscreaming.

(2)我正想着这件事,突然听到有人叫我的名字。______________________________________________wasstudyingwhenIwasthinkingofthiswhenIheardmynamecalled.

【要点拾遗】1.eruptvi.&vt.(火山)爆发;(岩浆、烟等)喷出*Anactivevolcanomayeruptatanytime.活火山随时可能喷发。词汇复现*Theirtalkeruptedintoquarrel.他们的谈话突然变成争吵。*Steameruptedfromthegeyser.蒸汽从热水锅炉里冒出。【语块积累】(1)eruptinto突然变为/发展成eruptfrom 从……喷出(2)eruption n.爆发,喷发【即学活用】语法填空(1)Laughtererupted_____theaudience.(2)It’smanyyearssinceMountVesuviuslast_______(erupt).(3)Then,withoutwarning,sheerupts____laughter.(4)Hisdeathcausedan________(erupt)ofangerandviolence.

fromeruptedintoeruption2.powern.电力供应;能量;力量;控制力*Thenewpresidentcameintopowerlastmonth.新总统上个月开始执政。*Theraisingof5,000yuanfortheschoolwasataskbeyondtheirpower.要为学校筹集五千块钱是一项超出他们能力的任务。*Ourcountryhasneverbeensopowerfulasitistoday.我们的国家从未像今天这样强大。【语块积累】(1)cometo/intopower上台;开始执政inpower 掌权,执政inone’spower 在某人的能力范围内beyond/outofone’spower 超出某人能力范围electricpower 电力powerstation 发电站powerfailure 停电(2)powerful adj.强大的;有影响力的;有势力的powerless adj.无力的;无权的;无效能的【名师点津】短暂的cometopowercometo/intopower是表示短暂性动作的短语,在完成时态的句子中,不能和表示一段时间的时间状语连用,可以换成beinpower。例如:他上台执政已5年了。①Hecameintopowerfiveyearsago.②Hehasbeeninpowerforfiveyears.③Ithasbeenfiveyearssincehecameintopower.

【即学活用】用power的相关短语填空(1)Suchthingsare_____________________.

这些事不在我力所能及的范围之内。(2)Thenewpresidenthasbeen________forsixmonths.

新总统执政六个月了。beyond/outofmypowerinpower(3)Assoonastheirparty_______________theychangedthelaw.

他们的党一上台,他们就开始修改法律。(4)Thetownwasblackedoutdueto____________.

这个城镇由于停电变得一片漆黑。cameintopowerpowerfailure3.calmadj.镇静的;沉着的vt.

使平静;使镇静*Thefamousdoctorisgoingtosetouttoperformtheoperation,sopleasekeepcalm.那位著名的医生就要开始做手术,因此请保持镇静。*Themusicmadethemcalmer,andtheirtalkwasmuchbetter.音乐让他们更镇静了,他们的谈话也更顺畅了。*Whenthenursecameinthecryingbabycalmeddownverysoon.当护士进来时,那个哭泣的婴儿很快安静下来。【语块积累】keep/staycalm保持镇静calmdown 使平静下来【知识拓展】calm“风平浪静的”,指人时,表示镇定自如。quiet“宁静的,安静的,寂静的”侧重没有声响,没有噪音和动静,指人时侧重性格温和、文静。silent“沉默的,不说话的”,常表示人不爱说话,沉默无语。still“不动的”,指人时侧重一动不动,指物时表示完全没有声音,突出静止不动。【即学活用】用calm的相关短语填空(1)Itisveryimportantto_________whenanearthquakebreaksout.

当地震发生时,保持镇定是非常重要的。(2)Ifyoudon’t__________,you’regoingtohaveaheartattack.

你如果不平静下来,就会心脏病发作。keepcalmcalmdown【拓展训练】选词填空(calm/quiet/silent/still)(1)Hewas_____foramoment,thenbeganhisanswer.

(2)Ikepttellingmyselftokeep_____beforethespeaking.

silentcalm(3)Itisbecausehisfeetmoveon,buthisheadstays____.(4)Thosebooksmustbemovedagain,whilethecitywas_____.stillquiet4.onhand现有(尤指帮助)*Thedepartmentwillhaveexpertsonhandtogiveyouallthehelpyouneed.这个部门将有现成的专家给你提供你需要的所有帮助。*Theexaminationsareathand,heisverynervous.考试在即,他很紧张。*Iheardaboutitatfirsthandfrommyneighbour.我是直接从我的邻居那里听来的。*Hebroughtupthechildbyhand.那孩子是他亲手带大的。*Wemustdealwiththesituationbeforeitgetsoutofhand.我们应在局面变得无法控制前找到对策。*Thechildrenwalkdownthestreethandinhand.孩子们手拉手在街上散步。【导图理词】【即学活用】根据语境猜测词义(1)Soonschoolwillendandthesummervacationwillbeathand. ()(2)Wewishedtoobtaininformationatfirsthand.()(3)Let’spickofftheinsectsbyhand.()即将到来第一手地用手(4)Theboyisgettingoutofhand. ()(5)Theoryshouldgohandinhandwithpractice.()(6)Ontheotherhand,manywomenchoosetogoouttowork. ()无法控制联合起来另一方面5.sweepaway消灭;彻底消除*Fishermen,tourists,hotels,homes,andcarsweresweptawaybyhugewavescausedbythestrongearthquake.渔民、游客、旅馆,家园以及汽车都被地震引起的巨大海浪冲走了。*Theysaytheywillsweepawaythemethodsandintroducenewones.他们说要废除这些方法而采用新方法。【语块积累】【即学活用】(1)Thefloods__________partofthebank.

洪水冲垮了一部分堤岸。(2)Thewind___________________.

风吹走了树叶。sweptawayswepttheleavesaway(3)Thebridge______________bythefloods.

桥被洪水冲走了。wassweptaway6.standatsth.达到特定(数量、高度等)*InSriLanka,some1,600kilometreswestofthequakecentre,thenumberofdeaths

stoodat2,498.在斯里兰卡震中以西约1600千米处,死亡人数高达2498人。词汇复现*Hejuststoodasideandallowedittohappen.他只是冷眼旁观,允许它发生。*Onewhostandsbyyouintimesoftroubleisyourtruefriend.困难时帮助你的人才是真正的朋友。*Inthissecretcodeeachnumberstandsforaletterofthealphabet.在这组密码中,每个号码代表字母表中的一个字母。【语块积累】standaside站到一边standby 站在旁边,袖手旁观;支持,支援standbehind 支持standfor 代表,表示standout 显眼,引人注目;超群,优秀【即学活用】用适当的介词或副词填空(1)Ihopeyoudon’texpectmejusttostand_____.(2)We’vegottostand_________theminthisstruggle.(3)Thissymbolstands___strengthandintegrity.

(4)Herbrightredhairmadeherstand___fromtheothers.asidebehind/byforout7.However,dangerousconditionsanddamagedroadswillmakeitdifficulttodeliverfoodandsupplies.

然而,危险的环境和被毁的道路将使得食物和用品很难送达。【句式解构】本句为简单句,其结构为:主语+make+it+adj.+forsb.+todo,其中it为形式宾语,adj.作宾语补足语,真正宾语为后面的动词不定式短语,for用来引出不定式的逻辑主语。*Themoneymadeitpossibleforhimtotravelabroad.这笔钱使得他出国旅行成为可能。*Iwillmakeiteasierforpeopletousecomputers.我要让人们更容易地使用电脑。【知识拓展】“make+宾语+宾语补足语”结构(1)make+宾语+名词*Mostpopsingersmakemusictheircareer.大多数流行歌手把音乐当作他们的职业。(2)make+宾语+形容词*Hissuccessmadehismotherveryhappy.他的成功让母亲很开心。(3)make+宾语+不带to的不定式*Nobodymadeusgotobedatacertaintime.没有人让我们在某一固定时间就寝。(4)make+宾语+过去分词*Theteacherraisedhisvoicesothathecouldmakehimselfheard.那个老师提高了嗓门以便别人能听到他。(5)make+宾语+介词短语*Youmadehimintoanhonestone.你使他成为一个诚实的人。(6)make+形式宾语it+形容词或名词+从句(作真正的宾语)*Theywanttomakeitcleartothepublicthattheydoanimportantandnecessaryjob.他们要向公众表明,他们所做的工作不但重要,而且是必不可少的。【即学活用】(1)Iwantto_____________toyounottowastetime.

我要让你知道不要浪费时间。(2)Thismethodcan__________________tofinishthework.

这种方法能使你更容易完成工作。makeitknownmakeiteasyforyou【导语】

本文节选自英国小说家尼尔·盖曼的《坟场之书》。尼尔·盖曼是近十年来欧美文坛崛起的最耀眼的明星,被视为新一代幻想文学的代表。其创作领域横跨幻想小说、科幻小说、恐怖小说、儿童小说、漫画以及歌词。他的作品部部畅销。HowNobodyCametotheGraveyard

Therewasahandinthedarkness,anditheldaknife.

Theknifehadahandleofpolishedblackbone,andabladefinerandsharperthananyrazor.Ifitslicedyou,youmightnotevenknowyouhadbeencut,notimmediately.

Theknifehaddonealmosteverythingitwasbroughttothathousetodo,andboththebladeandthehandlewerewet.

Thestreetdoorwasstillopen,justalittle,wheretheknifeandthemanwhoheldithadslippedin,andwispsofnight-timemistslitheredandtwinedintothehousethroughtheopendoor.

ThemanJackpausedonthelanding.Withhislefthandhepulledalargewhitehandkerchieffromthepocketofhisblackcoat,andwithithewipedofftheknifeandhisglovedrighthandwhichhadbeenholdingit;thenheputthehandkerchiefaway.Thehuntwasalmostover.Hehadleftthewomaninherbed,themanonthebedroomfloor,theolderchildinherbrightlycoloredbedroom,surroundedbytoysandhalf-finishedmodels.Thatonlyleftthelittleone,ababybarelyatoddler,totakecareof.Onemoreandhistaskwouldbedone.

Heflexedhisfingers.ThemanJackwas,aboveallthings,aprofessional,orsohetoldhimself,andhewouldnotallowhimselftosmileuntilthejobwascompleted.

Hishairwasdarkandhiseyesweredarkandheworeblackleatherglovesofthethinnestlambskin.

Thetoddler’sroomwasattheverytopofthehouse.ThemanJackwalkedupthestairs,hisfeetsilentonthecarpeting.Thenhepushedopentheatticdoor,andhewalkedin.Hi