Unit 4 《Language Points》学案2023-2024学年高一上学期英语人教版（2019）必修第一册

新人教版高中英语必修第一册PAGEPAGE1Part2LanguagePointsⅠ.写作单词——记其形1．cometotheirrescue营救他们2．causedamagetohishealth损害他的健康3．destroyhopes摧毁希望4．ruinourtrip毁了我们的旅行5．betrappedintheruins被困在废墟中6．makegreaterefforts尽更大的努力Ⅱ.阅读单词——知其意1．disastern．灾难；灾害2．droughtn．旱灾；久旱3．slidevi.&vt.(使)滑行；滑动4．tsunamin．海啸5．magnituden．(地)震级；重大6．helicoptern．直升机7．electricityn．电；电能8．contextn．上下文；语境；背景Ⅲ.拓展单词——通其变1．deathn．死；死亡deadadj.无生命的，死去的dievi.&vt.死；死亡deadlyadj.致命的；极度的2．shockn．震惊；令人震惊的事；休克vt.(使)震惊shockingadj.令人震惊的shockedadj.感到震惊的3．breathevi.&vt.呼吸breathn．呼吸4．revivevt.&vi.复活；(使)苏醒revivaln．振兴；复苏5．suffervt.遭受；蒙受vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦sufferingn．折磨；苦难；痛苦6．wisdomn．智慧；才智wiseadj.明智的；聪明的7．affectvt.影响；(疾病)侵袭；深深打动effectn．影响；结果；效果8．unifyvi.&vt.统一；(使)成一体unitedadj.联合的Ⅳ.必备短语——汉译英1．asusual像往常一样2．asif似乎；好像；仿佛3．cometoanend终结；走向末日4．inruins严重受损；破败不堪5．blow...away把……吹走6．cutacross横切7．insteadof而不是；代替8．inshock震惊；吃惊9．falldown跌倒；倒塌10．gothrough经历；经受Ⅴ.常用句型——会仿写1．句型公式：too...to...太……而不能……〖原句〗Chickensandevenpigsweretoonervoustoeat，anddogsrefusedtogoinsidebuildings.鸡甚至猪都焦躁不安，不愿进食，狗不肯进入屋内。仿写：男孩们仍站在那里，吓得呆若木鸡，不能动弹。Theboyswerestillstandingthere,tooshockedandfrightenedtomove．2．句型公式：asif引导的虚拟语气〖原句〗Itseemedasiftheworldwerecomingtoanend!仿佛世界末日即将来临！仿写：他站起来给她让座，他好像读懂了她的心思。Hestoodupandofferedherhisseat,asifhehadreadhermind.1.cometoanend终结；走向末日〖佳句背诵〗Afterseveralyearsofhardwork,sheendedupasasuccessfulwriter.经过几年的努力工作，她终于成为一名成功的作家。(1)attheendof在……末bytheendof到……末为止(用于完成时)intheend最后；终于bring/putanendto...结束……(2)endup结束；结果为endupdoing/with以……告终〖活学巧用〗单句语法填空/补全句子❶Theyhadbeenbuildingtheroadbytheendoflastmonth.❷Whatshouldwedotoput/bringanendtotheterribledrought?❸Ifhegoesonendangeringoursocietylikethathe’llendupdead.❹这场战争快要结束了，所以每个人都变得更积极了。Thewarwascomingtoanend，soeveryonebecamemorepositive.2.ruinn．&vt.破坏；毁坏〖佳句背诵〗Hemadeabigmistake,ruininghischanceofgettingthejob.他犯了一个大错，失去了得到那份工作的机会。(1)be/lieinruins成为废墟；毁灭fallin/intoruin成为废墟；毁灭(2)ruinone’shope/chance使某人的希望破灭/机会失去〖活学巧用〗单句语法填空/补全句子❶Theancienttemplehasfallenin/intoruinsandneedsrepairing.❷两天后，两个国家之间的战争使得这个地区变为了废墟。Twodayslater,thefightingbetweenthetwocountrieslefttheareainruins．3.shockn．震惊；令人震惊的事；休克；电击vt.(使)震惊·shockedadj.感到震惊的·shockingadj.令人震惊的〖佳句背诵〗Ilookedathiminshock,waitingforhimtotellmethatIhadmisunderstoodeverything.(神情描写)我震惊地望着他，等待他告诉我，这一切都是我的误解。(1)beagreatshocktosb对某人来说是极大的震惊inshock震惊；吃惊(2)beshockedat/by对……感到吃惊beshockedtodosth做某事很吃惊〖名师点津〗shockedadj.“感到震惊的”，表示人的心理状态和心理感受；shockingadj.“令人震惊的”，说明事物的性质、特征、特点等。〖活学巧用〗语境辨义/单句语法填空/补全句子❶Don’ttouchthatwireoryou’llgetashock.触电❷Thenewsofhissuddendeathissoshockingthateveryoneisveryshockedatit.(shock)❸听说我们工厂将被迫关闭，我非常震惊。Iwasshockedtohearthatourfactorywouldhavetoclose.4.trapvt.使落入险境；使陷入圈套n．险境；陷阱〖佳句背诵〗Theyoungmanwastrappedinthebuilding，feelingveryhelpless.(动作＋心理描写)那个年轻人被困在大楼里，感到非常无助。(1)trapsbinto(doing)sth诱骗某人做某事betrappedin困在……中；陷在……中(2)fallintoatrap落入圈套〖活学巧用〗单句语法填空/补全句子❶Ifyouchoosethisway，you’relikelytofallintoatrap.❷Therewasapowerfailure；theyweretrapped(trap)inthelift.❸他们用巧妙的提问诱使他说了实话。Bycleverquestioningtheytrappedhimintotellingthetruth.5.buryvt.埋葬；安葬；掩埋；使沉浸；使专心〖佳句背诵〗Sheburiedherfaceinherhandsandweptwhensheheardthebadnews.当她听到那个坏消息时，她双手掩面而泣。(1)bury...in...把……埋到……里(2)eq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(buryoneselfin,beburiedin))埋头于/专心于……〖活学巧用〗一句多译他埋头学习，不知道其他人都早已离开了。→Buriedinhisstudy，hedidn’tknowthatalltheothershadleft.(过去分词作状语)→Buryinghimselfinhisstudy，hedidn’tknowthatalltheothershadleft.(现在分词作状语)→Hewasburiedinhisstudy，notknowing(know)thatalltheothershadleft.(buried)6.effortn．努力；艰难的尝试；尽力〖佳句背诵〗Idobelievethatallyoureffortswillpayoffsoonerorlater.我的确相信你的努力迟早会得到回报。sparenoefforttodosth不遗余力做某事makeanefforttodosth努力做某事inanefforttodosth为了做某事〖活学巧用〗词汇升级/补全句子❶AsfarasI’mconcerned，youshouldtrytostudyharder.→AsfarasI’mconcerned，youshouldmakeagreaterefforttostudyhard．❷如果我足够幸运被给予这样一个好机会，我将不遗余力地完成这项任务。IfIamluckyenoughtobegivensuchagoodchance，Iwillsparenoefforttofinishthetask.7.suffervt.遭受；蒙受vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦·sufferingn．折磨；苦难；痛苦·sufferern．受难者·sufferfrom患……病；因……而受苦〖活学巧用〗补全句子已经筹集了很多钱来帮助遭受洪灾的人们。Alotofmoneyhasbeencollectedtohelpthosesufferingfromthefloods．1.Chickensandevenpigsweretoonervoustoeat,anddogsrefusedtogoinsidebuildings.鸡甚至猪都焦躁不安，不愿进食，狗不肯进入屋内。句型公式|too＋adj./adv.＋to...(1)too＋adj./adv.todosth...意为“太……而不能……”，表示否定意义；(2)too＋(glad/pleased/willing/delighted/anxious/...)todosth意为“太……而做……”，表示肯定意义。·Ihateitwhenshecallsmeatwork—I’malwaystoobusytocarryonaconversationwithher.我讨厌她在我上班时给我打电话——我一直很忙，不能和她交谈。·Iamtoopleasedtohelpyouwithyourhomework.我很乐意帮你做作业。〖活学巧用〗同义句转换IwassoyoungthatIcouldn’tunderstandthemeaningofthefilm.→Iwastooyoungtounderstandthemeaningofthefilm.2.Itseemedasiftheworldwerecomingtoanend！仿佛世界末日即将来临！asif＝asthough“仿佛；好像”，在句中引导表语从句。Itseemed/seems(tosb)asif...“(对某人来说)似乎……”。句型公式|Itseemed/seems(tosb)asif...(1)asif从句用陈述语气：从句表示的情况是真实的或极有可能发生的。(2)asif从句用虚拟语气：·从句用一般过去时(表示与现在的事实相反)；·从句用过去完成时(表示与过去的事实相反)；·从句用would/could/mightdo形式(表示与将来的事实相反)。·Lookatthecloudsinthesky！Itlooksasifitisgoingtorain.(陈述语气)看看天上的乌云！看起来要下雨了。·Hetalkstothemasiftheywerechildren.(与现在事实相反)他同他们说话，就当他们是孩子一样。·HetalksaboutRomeas