冲刺2022年高考-40分阅读提分练(四)

冲刺2022年高考40分阅读提分练(四)A篇阅读理解应用文主题语境：人与社会——社会生活——四个救助培训课程B篇阅读理解记叙文主题语境：人与自我——人物故事——江孙芸女士开办中餐厅的故C篇阅读理解说明文主题语境：人与自然——环境保护——威廉王子启动“修复地球奖”D篇阅读理解一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了世界各地幸存的原始部落以及现代社会对其产生的影响。七选五说明文主题语境：人与社会——求职须知——如何找到工作阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。A[2021·成都市高中毕业班第二次诊断性检测]TrainingforSavingFirstAidatWork3days￡279Suitableforpeopleaged16＋whomightneedtoprovidefirstaidbyrespondingtoawiderangeofaccidents,injuriesandillnessesthattheycouldencounterintheirworkplace.Idealfororganizationswhoseneedsassessmenthasidentifiedarequirementforadditionalfirstaidtraining,especiallythosehavingemployeeswithadisabilityoramedicalcondition.Lunchbreaks.Theclassroomsetting.Certificatestoissue.AEDwithLifeSupport2days￡107Arightchoiceforpeopleover16whowanttolearnhowtouseanautomatedexternaldefibrillator(AED).Firstaidforunresponsiveadultsinaddition.CurrentlyavailableatourLondon,EdinburghandReadingvenues;however,youcanorganizeatrainingsessionforagroupofupto15peopleatyourworkplacebyrequestingagroupbooking.Certificatesvalidforthreeyears.FirstAidforTeachersTraining1day￡50Speciallydesignedforthoseworkinginaschoolenvironmentandwishingtohavethefirstaidskillstoactinanemergency.Idealforteachersandotherschoolstaffover16.Firstaidskillstohelpachildwhoisunresponsiveandbreathingornotbreathing,choking,havinganallergicreactionoraheadinjury.Notqualifythelearnertoactasafirstaider.FireMarshalTraining4days￡364Takethisifyouareover16andresponsibleforfiresafetyorappointedfiremarshalsintheworkplace.Cometounderstandnowafirestartsandspreads;howtoassessandmanagetheserisks;andhowtousefirefightingequipment.Youmustbephysicallyabletocarryoutthepracticalelementsofthecourse.Role­play.Classroomenvironment.Certificates.1．WhatcanbelearntinthecourseAEDwithLifeSupport?A．Stepstodealwithmassiveinjuries.B．Theprocessofpreventingaterriblefire.C．Operationofcertainmedicalequipment.D．Treatmentforanadult'smentalproblems.2．Whichcoursecoststhemostperday?A．FirstAidatWork.B．AEDwithLifeSupport.C．FirstAidforTeachersTraining.D．FireMarshalTraining.3．Whatdothefourcourseshaveincommon?A．Providingcertificatesfortrainees.B．Havingthesamerequirementforage.C．Offeringadiscountforagroupbooking.D．Takingmorethanonedayforpeopletocompletethem.B[2021·南昌市一模]CeciliaChiang,whoseSanFranciscorestaurant,TheMandarin,introducedAmericandinersinthe1960stotherichnessandvarietyofauthenticChinesecuisine,diedonWednesdayatherhomeinSanFrancisco.Ms.Chiangwasnotachef,norwasshealikelycandidatetorunarestaurant.ShewasbornnearShanghaiin1920astheseventhdaughterinawealthyfamily.Afterherparentsdied,Ceciliamanagedthebusinesses'financeswhilestillinherteens.Ms.ChiangcametotheUnitedStatesfromChinatofleetheJapaneseduringWorldWarⅡ，travelingnearly700milesonfoot.OnceinSanFrancisco,shemettwoChineseacquaintanceswhowantedtoopenarestaurant.Ms.Chiangagreedtoputuplargefunds.Butwhenthetwowomenquit,Ms.Chiangfoundtoherhorrorthatthefundswerenotrefundable(可退还的).Shetookadeepbreathanddecidedtoopentherestaurantherself.“IbegantothinkthatifIcouldcreatearestaurantwithWestern­styleserviceandthedishesthatIwasmostfamiliarwith—thedeliciousfoodofChina—maybemylittlerestaurantwouldsucceed，”shewroteinherbook.TheMandarin,whichwasopenedin1962asa65­seatrestaurant,introducedcustomerstomainlySichuan,ShanghaiandCantondishes.Theearlydaysweredifficult.Butlittlebylittle,Chinesediners,andafewAmericans,cameregularly.Overnightthetableswerefilledandtherestaurantbecameahugesuccess.Ms.Chiangcontinuedtoworkasarestaurantconsultantintoher90s.“IthinkIchangedwhataveragepeopleknowaboutChinesefood，”Ms.Chiangwrote.“Theydidn'tknowChinawassuchabigcountry.”4．WhendidMs.Chiangstarttomanagethebusinesses'finances?A．Inthe1920s.B．Inthe1930s.C．Inthe1950s.D．Inthe1960s.5．WhatdoesParagraph3mainlytalkabout?A．WhenMs.ChiangcametotheUS.B．HowMs.Chiangearnedherdeposit.C．WhatMs.Chiangwroteinherbook.D．WhyMs.Chiangopenedherrestaurant.6．WhatdoweknowaboutTheMandarin?A．Itsurvivedtheearlyhardships.B．ItprovidedallkindsofChinesedishes.C．Itcouldseatlessthan60peopleatfirst.D．ItattractedmanyAmericansonceopened.7．WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeMs.Chiang?A．Smartbutstubborn.B．Devotedandbrave.C．Adventurousbutcareless.D．Enthusiasticandambitious.C[2021·南昌市一模]PrinceWilliam,secondinlinetotheBritishthrone,gavehisfirstTEDTalkonSaturdaytolaunchhisEarthshotPrize,acompetitionthatwillawardfive￡1millionprizeseveryyearforthenextdecadetothosewhocancomeupwithsolutionstoenvironmentalproblems.Anyperson,groupororganizationaroundtheworldisqualified,andanysuggestioniswelcome,solongasitisapplicableglobally.Itcouldbeanewtechnology,anewapproach,anewgovernmentalpolicyoranyotherideastowardfiveenvironmentalgoals—fixingtheclimate,purifyingtheair,protectingnature,cleaningtheoceanandhandlingwaste.“Earthshot”wasinspiredbyJohnF.Kennedy's“Moonshot”，anambitious1961missiontogetamanonthemoonwithinadecade.ThepurposeoftheprizeispartlytoarouseexcitementandofferwhatPrinceWilliamcalled“abitofacatalyst,__abitofhope,abitofpositivity”atatimewhentheworldneedsthose.Themoneywillcomefromdonorsaroundtheworld.Theprizecommitteeincludesmanycelebrities.PrinceWilliamhasenvironmentalactivisminhisblueblood.BothhisgrandfatherandhisfatherPrinceCharleswereactiveenvironmentalists.PrinceWilliamsaidhehadalwayslistened,learnedandbelievedwhattheyweresayingabouttheenvironment.Besidesspeakingwisewords,healsoputsforwardagoodprize.AmillionpoundsissignificantlymorethanaNobelPrizeandshouldinspiresomeseriousandcreativethinkingaboutthedifficultiesoftheplanetEarth.UnliketheNobelPrizemoney,theEarthshotmoneyissupposedtobespentonthewinningproject.“Ifweachievethesegoals,by2030ourliveswon'tbeworse,andwewon'thavetosacrificeeverythingweenjoy.Instead,thewaywelivewillbehealthier,cleaner,smarter,andbetterforallofus，”hesaid.8．WhatcanbelearnedaboutTheEarthshotPrize?A.ItwillbeawardedtoBritons.B.Itaimstosolvesocialproblems.C.Itisnamedafteramoonmission.D.Itoffers￡50millionintotal.9．Apersoncanwintheprizefor________．A．amethodtomonitorsealevelB．anewtechnologytoforecasttheweatherC．anewapproachtorecyclingthewasteD．alocalgovernmentpolicytobanfishing10．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“catalyst”inParagraph3mean?A．Encouragement.B．Alarm.C．Challenge.D．Surprise.11．Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A．TheEarthshotPrizeequalstheNobelPrize.B．PlanetEarthwillbecleanedby2030.C．PrinceWilliamonlytalksthetalk.D．PrinceWilliamisinfluencedbyhisfamily.D[2021·日照市高三阶段适应性考试]Therearearound100tribes(部落)thatliveinglobalisolation,mostlyinSouthAmericaandIndia.TheSentinelesehavelivedononeoftheAndamanIslandsinEasternIndiafor60,000years.Theyprotecttheirislandbyfightingagainstpeoplefromoutside.Theirlanguageisdifferentfromanyotherknownlanguage.AnotherAndamantribeistheJarawa.Inthepast,theywereindependentandfoughtagainstanybodytryingtomakecontactwiththem.Butin1998,theIndiangovernmentbuiltaroadacrosstheirland,andsincethen,they'vehadmorecontactwiththeoutsideworld.SomeAmazontribesavoidcontactbecauseofunhappymemories.TheMashcoPirolefttheirvegetablegardensafterrubbercompanieskilledmostoftheirtribeatthebeginningofthe20thcentury.Thosewhosurvivedbecamenomadic(游牧的)andstartedhuntinganimalsintheforest.TheAwaliveintheAmazonforestsofBrazil.Outof350members,100havenocontactwiththeoutsideworld.Theylefttheirvillagesandadoptedanomadiclifestylearound1850toescapeattacksbyEuropeans.Inthefollowingyears,farmersinnearbycommunitiesstartedcuttingthetreestoexpandtheirfarmland.TheAwalostmostoftheirhuntingland.ThefewAmazontribesthatstillexistarefightingtokeeptheirtraditionalwayoflife.Survival,anorganizationthatfightsfortherightsoftribalpeople,saysthatuncontactedtribesarethemostvulnerable(弱势的)humansontheplanetandthat'swhytheirenvironmentshouldbeunavailabletotherestofus.Afteryearsofpressure,theorganizationgotBrazil'sgovernmenttoclearnon­nativesfromtheAwaland.Allnon­Awapeopleareleavingsothetribecangettheirforestback.Butsomethinkit'simpossiblefortribestostayisolatedforeverinaconnectedworld.Contactwillbemadeoneday.Sothequestionis:Whosechoiceshoulditbe,oursortheirs?12．WhatcanwelearnabouttheSentinelesefromthefirstparagraph?A．Theyresistcontactfromtheoutsideworld.B．TheyspeakthesamelanguageastheJarawa.C．Theyarewildaboutfightingwithothertribes.D．TheyhavegothelpfromtheIndiangovernment.13．WhydidtheAwachooseanomadiclifestyle?A．Toprotecttheirhuntingland.B．Tosearchforfoodsources.C．ToavoidthreatsfromEuropeans.D．Tomaintaintheiroriginalwayoflife.14．WhichofthefollowingwouldSurvivalprobablyagreewith?A．Thetribesshouldbeleftundisturbed.B．Thetribesshouldfightformorelivingspace.C．Thetribesshouldliveinharmonywithnature.D．Thetribesshouldadapttotheconnectedworld.15．Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A．TheNomadicTribesintheWorldB．SeekingSurvivalofTribesC．TheUnavailableTribalEnvironmentD．ProtectingtheTribalForests第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。[2021·潍坊市高三联考]Thinkingaboutasummerjobaftergraduation?Asmorepeoplecompeteforfeweropenings,you'llneedtodoyourresearch,writeagreatrésumé(简历)andgetreadyfortheinterview.Tofindajobit'srightforyoutomakealistofyourinterestsandstrengths,aswellasyourdislikes,andkeeptheminmindasyoulookforajob.Forexample,ifyoulovebooksorwriting,ajobinabookstoreorlibrarymightbeperfectforyou.__16__Youmightnotknowdetailsabouttheposition,butyoucanpreparebyresearchingthecompanyitself.__17__Regardlessofthetypeofthejobyou'reapplyingfor,agreatrésuméreallymakesyoustandout.Mostimportantly,presentthestrengthsinit.Itis