广东省2022届高三上学期开学阶段性质量检测英语试题

广东省2022届高三开学阶段性质量检测英语本试卷共8页，满分120分。考试用时120分钟。注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3．考试结束后，将答题卡交回。第一部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AWorld'sbestscubadivingdestinationsIfyouareplanningtogoonascubadivingvacationinthenearfuture,hereisalistofsomeofthebestdestinationsintheworldthatyoucanconsider.TheRedSea,EgyptOnediveunderneaththesurfaceoftheEgyptianRedSea,andallyoucanseeisahugevarietyofmarinelifeallaroundyou.Thisisoneoftherichestmarineecosystemsintheworld.Youcanexperienceafantasticswimwiththedolphinsandsharks.Andavarietyofcolorfulcoralandsponges（海绵动物）inthereefslookabsolutelyastonishing.BaliIslandConsideredtobethe“JewelofIndonesia”,BaliIslandisundoubtedlyoneofthemostunusualholidaydestinationsintheworld.Andthatiscertainlytruewhenitcomestoascubadivingvacationaswell.ThemostpopularunderwaterattractionforthediversgatheringhereisMolamola,theworld'sheaviest-knownbonyfish.HalfMoonCayeIfyouarelookingforwardtodoingawalldive,thentheHalfMoonCayeistheperfectplaceforyou.Onceyoubegindivingdownwards,youwillbeexcitedbyseeingthevarietyofmarinelife.Therearenumeroustunnelsfilledwithavarietyofspongesandmonstergroupers.Themostnoticeablesightingsarethoseofeaglerays,loggerheadturtles,barracudasandtherosyrazorfish.1．Whichofthefollowingisinagreementwiththeauthor?A．TheRedSeaistherichestmarineecosystemintheworld.B．MostdiversmightbeattractedtoBaliC．TherearesometopclassscubadivinginstructorsinBaliD．HalfMoonCayeexcitesthediverswiththewallsandwrecksinthedepths.2．WhatdotheEgyptianRedSeaandtheHalfMoonCayehaveincommon?A．Numeroustunnels.B．Avarietyofsponges.C．Beingaperfectplaceforwalldives.D．Allowingdiverstoswimwithsharks.3．What'sthepurposeofthepassage?A．Toeducate. B．Toinform. C．Toamuse. D．Toadvertise.BAsawinneroftheNSLI-YScholarshipinhighschool,andthentheCriticalLanguageScholarshipincollege,IlivedinChinafortwosummerswithhostfamilies,studyingMandarinforninehoursaday.Tackontothattheapproximately2,000classroomhoursIspentlearningMandarinasanundergraduate,anditseemsfairtosaythatasmallfortuneofresourceshasbeeninvestedinmyMandarinability.Yetevenwithsomuchpractice,Iamnotstillachievingfluency,andit'sunclearwhetherI'llusemylanguageskillsregularlyinmycareer.Thisleadsmetoreflect：Whatisitthatdrivesmetodrilltonesandmemorizecharacters?Manypeoplearequicktopointoutthevalueoflanguageskillsinanincreasinglycompetitiveworkforce.However,languageisaboutmuchmorethanjusttheabilitytocommunicate.Foreignlanguagestudyistiedtoincreasedlevelsofempathy(同情心),enhancedcognitivedevelopment,andmorecreativeinsightonthehumancondition.Increasingly,researchshowsthatthesebenefitsalsoapplytothosewithexposuretomultiplelanguages,andnotjustthosewhoachievefluency.AbeneficialfuturefortheU.S.andChinawillbebuiltuponunderstanding,respectandrecognition.Languageexchangecanprovideculturalinsightandstrengthenthecommongroundwestandon.Itisnottheeconomicpotentialofmylanguageskillsthatleadsmetopersist.StudyingMandarinisthemostmodestwayIcanthinkoftoapproachChina,anationwithover5,000yearsofcomplexhistory.Fromthispoint,Ihaveexperiencedthebeauty,hospitalityofChina.AndmyexperienceofstudyingMandarinhashelpedmeformasenseofcuriosityandacommitmenttounderstandingandrespect—andthat'sastart.4．Whatdoweknowabouttheauthor?A．HehasenjoyedhislifelivinginChina.B．HebegantolearnChineseinhighschool.C．HehaswonmanyscholarshipsinChina.D．HehasworkedhardatlearningChinese.5．Whatdoestheauthorthinkofthelanguagelearning?A．Itjustneedstodrilltonesandrememberwords.B．Itneedstheexperienceoflivingwithahostfamily.C．Itcanpromotelearners'mentaldevelopment.D．Itisonlyusedforeffectivecommunication.6．WhatcanweinferfromParagraph4?A．TheU.S.andChinawillcertainlyhaveabrightfuture.B．TheU.S.andChinaalwaysrespectandrecognizeeachother.C．TheU.S.andChinastarttosharethesameculturalinsight.D．LanguageexchangecanhelptheU.S.andChinaunderstandeachotherbetter.7．WhydoestheauthorsticktolearningMandarin?A．Togetsomeeconomicprofits.B．TohaveacloselookatChina.C．Toachievethelanguagefluency.D．Toshowoffhislanguagetalent.CEvidenceofaworm-likecreatureaboutthesizeofagrainofricehasbeenuncoveredinSouthAustralia,andresearchersbelieveitistheoldestancestoronthefamilytreethatincludeshumansandmostanimals.Thecreaturelivedabout535millionyearsago.ItisconsideredtobeanevolutionarystepforwardforearlylifeonEarth.Researchershavebeentryingtofindevidenceofthecommonancestorofmostanimals.Developingitsbodystructureandorganizationsuccessfullyallowedlifetomoveinspecific,purposefuldirections.Thisincludeseverythingfromwormsanddinosaurstoamphibians(两栖动物)andhumans.Butforourcommonancestor,theyknewthatfossils(化石)ofthetiny,simplecreaturestheyimaginedwouldbenearlyimpossibletofindbecauseofitssizeandsoftbody.Then,theyturnedtofossilizedburrows,datedtotheEdiacaranPeriod,foundinSouthFor15years,scientistsknewtheburrowswerecreatedbythecreature.Therewasnoevidenceofwhatmadetheburrowsandlivedinthemuntilresearchersdecidedtotakeacloserlookattheburrows.GeologyprofessorMaryDroserspottedimpressionsshapedlikeovalsneartheburrows.A3-Dlaserscanrevealedtheimpressionscontainingevidenceofabodyshapedandsizedlikearicegrain,withanoticeableheadandtailwhichsuggestedithadmuscles.Themuscleswouldhaveenabledthecreaturetomoveandcreatetheburrows,likethewayawormmoves.Andthesizeofthecreaturematchedwiththesizeoftheburrowstheyfound.TheresearchersinvolvedinthestudynamedthecreatureIkariawariootia.Thefirstnametranslatesas“meetingplace”intheAdnyamathanhalanguage.AdnyamathanhaisthenameofAustralianpeoplethatliveintheareawherethefossilwasfound.8．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“It”meaninthefirstparagraph?A．Aworm-likecreature.B．Agrainofrice.C．Afamilytree.D．Anevolutionarystep.9．Whatdidtheresearchersdoduringthestudy?A．Theydevelopedthecreatureintheexpectedway.B．Theystudiedalargenumberofwormsanddinosaurs.C．Theyobservedtheburrowscloseup.D．TheywentbacktotheEdiacaranPeriodsomeyearsago.10．Whatinspiredthescientiststoexploretheoriginoftheburrows?A．A3-Dlaserscan.B．Theimpressions.C．Somegoodovals.D．Moreburrows.11．Whatdoesthetextmainlytellus?A．Theresearchersworkedveryhardintheburrow.B．Theworm-likecreaturemaybeanimals'ancestor.C．Itisverydifficulttonameanewkindofcreature.D．Australianpeoplelikefossilsofmanycreatures.DOneofthemostcommonconnectionsIseeasauniversityprofessorofarchitectureisbetweenthatofartandnature.Tobespecific,thedesignsinnaturearenowadmiredandcommercializedinmoderndayarchitecture.Surelyyouhaveseenpatternsinnature—whetheritistheradial(光线的)patternofthesunortheunsteadyanthill—beingappliedtolotsofschools,churches,orapartmentbuildings.Inthistext,IwanttodiscussoneofthewaysIbelievetobemostimportantforthosetryingtogainart,architecture,ornaturalsciencedegrees.Itistraveling.Ialsowanttodiscusswhytheexperiencesandreal-worldknowledgeyougaincannotbebeaten.Theknowledgethatyouacquiredintheclassroomfinallyclickswhenyouseethereal-worldexamplesandapplytheknowledgedirectly.Inmyownexample,IdiscussthetripIhadtoIran.IstayedinTehranforthreedays,andthereIwasamazedbythearchitectureuponlanding.ThebuildingsareundertheinfluenceofancientEgyptianandmodernWesternarchitecture.AndIwassurprisedtoseethediversegroupsofbuildingsandcombinationofvariousstylesintoone.Insteadofseeingtheseinatextbookinalecturehall,Iwasabletoseetheminpersonwhiletraveling.Next,ItookabustoTabriz,gotmyhikingsticks,andclimbedEynali,arangeofmountainsinTabriz.Iwasabletoseethenature,thechangeinairpressure,theclouds,andtheotherfactsthatIhadreadaboutinmybiologytextbook.However,foronce,itwasbyexperiencingit.NeveragainwillIforgettheseinterestingpiecesofknowledgebecausetheyarenowassociatedwithotherexperiences—onesthatIhadthroughtraveling.12．Whatdoestheauthorregardpatternsinnatureas?A．Inspirationforarchitecture.B．Commonteachingmaterial.C．Commercialopportunities.D．Enjoymentinsparetime.13．Whatdoestheunderlinedword"clicks"inparagraph2probablymean?A．Standsoutfinally.B．Fadesawayquickly.C．Fallsbehindgradually.D．Makessensesuddenly.14．WhatdidtheauthordoinTehran?A．Hegotveryclosetonature.B．Hedesignedhisownpatterns.C．Heexploredlocalarchitecture.D．Hepreparedtextbookforalecture.15．Whatdoestheauthormainlysuggestinthetext？A．Understandthelinkbetweenart,nature,architecture,andtravel.B．Applyyourprofessionalknowledgewhileyou'retravelling.C．Trytolearnfromtherealityratherthanyourtextbooks.D．Experiencewhatyouhavelearnedindifferentcultures.第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Moststudentsfeelmoreanxietybeforeandduringanexam.Normallevelsofstresscanhelpyouwork,thinkfasterandmoreeffectively,andgenerallyhelpyouperformbetterinexams.16Itcancauseyourmindto“blankout”ormakeyouunabletoconcentrate.Herearesomestrategiestohelpyoukeepyouranxietytoamanageablelevel.Thebetterpreparedyougetforanexam,thelessanxietyyou'llsufferfrom.17Sixweeksbeforetheexamsisprobablysoonenoughfortheendofyearexams,dependingonwhereyouareinyourstudiesandwhatyearyouarein.Maintainyourhealth-eatabalanceddiet,getenoughsleepandexerciseregularly.18Lookatexamsasanopportunitytoapplytheknowledgeandskillsyou'vebeenlearningthroughouttheterm.Thenightbeforeanexam,calmlyreviewmaterialonefinaltime,organizeallyoursupplies(yourpens,calculator,eraser,andsoon)，andgetagoodnight'ssleep.Gettotheexamontime.Don'ttalktopeopleoutsidetheroombecausetheirnervousnesscouldbe"catching".19Ifyou'reafraidyouwillforgetimportantfacts,writethemdownassoonasyougetintoexam.Whenneeded,takeashortrelaxationbreakbyclosingyoureyes,stretching(伸展)andrelaxingmuscles,andbreathingdeeply.Ifyoustarttopanic,tellyourself.“Iwillstaycalm.Icanhandlethis.”Readdirectionscarefullyandstayfocusedontheexam.20Justkeepworking.Neverleaveearlyyourself.A．Stayingpositiveisalsoimportant.B．Paynoattentiontostudentswhofinishearly.C．However,toomuchanxietycanloweryourperformance.D．Spendsometimethinkingaboutwhatiscausingtheanxiety.E．Thekeytoreducingexamanxietyistostartyourrevisionearly.F．Asforanxietyduringanexam,justfollowthefollowingstrategiesG．Rememberthatmostpeoplefeeltenseatthispoint-itisonlynatural.第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。ThisyearmyhusbandandIdecidedtohaveaquiet,low-keyNewYear'sEve.Wewantedtospenditwithourkidsandotherimmediatefamilyandmakeitaspecial21forthem,insteadof22ababysitterandgoingoutonourown.Thelogicalwaytodothiswasthrough23.Asweallknow,foodhadamagicalwayofmakinganight24，andourNewYear'sEvecertainly25thatway,thankstodoughnutsIdecidedtomakedoughnutsbecausemycousinshad26abatch（一批）onHalloweenandIfounditvery27.Iusedarecipefromthe1976MennonitecookbookMoreWithLessandit28acuriousingredient—twocupsofmashedpotatoesthat29madethetexturelighter.Thedoughnutswere30andcutfromasheetofdough（生面团），thenlefttoriseuntilreadytofryinhotoil.Thentheytookseveralsecondsto31，whichmeantthatmyenormousbatchof100doughnutswas32cookinginafairlyshorttime.Weglazed（浇上浆液）thetopsandthenThiswillbecomeanannual34，Ihavenodoubt.Whetherwehostabiggerpartyorkeepitsmall,therewillalwaysbe35doughnuts,becausewhenyouhavehothomemadedoughnuts,youcan'thelpbuthavethebesttime.21．A．challenge B．idea C．opportunity D．occasion22．A．training B．hiring C．knowing D．interviewing23．A．time B．money C．food D．fun24．A．short B．memorable C．messy D．silent25．A．testedout B．movedon C．turnedout D．pickedout26．A．put B．bought C．brought D．made27．A．impressive B．expensive C．healthy D．nutritious28．A．tookup B．carriedon C．calledfor D．cutoff29．A．fortunately B．possibly C．totally D．absolutely30．A．rolledout B．takenapart C．sortedout D．cutdown31．A．steam B．cook C．sink D．float32．A．finished B．practiced C．considered D．demanded33．A．prepared B．waited C．enjoyed D．longed34．A．celebration B．idea C．ceremony D．tradition35．A．fresh B．raw C．common D．local第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，把答案写在答题卡的相应位置。Allhotelsareredecoratedregularly.However,veryfewdoitas36(frequent)asSweden'sIcehotel.Asthenameindicates,thehotel37(construct)entirelyfromiceand,therefore,hastoberebuilteveryyear!TheIcehotelconsistsof69rooms.Tomakethemaffordableforeveryone,theyrangefromexpensiveluxurysuites(套房)to38(base)accommodations.Amongthisyear'suniquesuiteofferings39(be)the"ElephantintheRoom".40(create)bySwedishartist,itfeaturesathree-meter-tallsculptedAfricanelephantoverlookinganicebed.The"CountingSheep"suitefeaturesfrozensheep41mayhelppeoplesufferingfromsleeplessnessgetagoodnight.Tokeepcustomersentertained,thehoteloffersa42(various)offunactivitieslikesnowshoeing,moose（驼鹿）orsnowmobilesafaris,dogsledding,andevenovernightwildernesscamping.Guestshavetolieinsidesleepingbagsandkeeptheirglovesandhatson.Thoughthatseemsalittleuncomfortable,visitorssayitis43experiencelikenoneother.TheconstructionoftheIcehotelbeganin1989.Sadly,thehotelisonlyavailablebetweenDecember44February.Withthetemperature45(rise)afterthat,theIcehotelwilleventuallymeltintoahugepoolinmid-April.第三部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）你校英文报正向高三学生征稿，主题是“向成年出发”，请你写一篇短文投稿，内容包括：1．你的心情；2．你的人生规划（学业、事业等方面）。注意：1．词数80左右；2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。第二节（满分25分）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落的开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Ifthere'sonethingIcan'tstandpeoplesaying，it's，“I'mnotgoodatanything…Idon'thaveanytalent.”Ijustdon'tbuythatatall.Tome,everyonehasatleastonetalent,andwhileitsometimestakesyoualifetimetofind,itdoesexist.TherewasatimewhenIdidn'tbelievethat.Whatchangedmymindwasaseeminglysmalleventthattookplacein1953.AtthattimeIwasahighschoolstudent.Iwasafunny-lookingskinnyboynamedEugeneOrowitz,whoweighedbarely100pounds.Iwasagoodstudent,butasfarasIwasconcerned,injustabouteveryotherdepartmentIwasaloser.Iwantedtofitin,tobesomeoneanddosomethingwell.ButIhadn'tfoundanythingIwasgoodat.Onesunnyafternoon,ourgymclasswentouttotheschool'srunningtrack.Theteachertaughtusallvarioustrackandfieldevents.Iwasaloserinallofthem.Thencamethejavelin(标枪).Suddenlysomethinginsidemebegansaying,"Tryit!Tryit!"Ihadtowaitformyturn,though,tryingnottolooktooeager.Finally,wheneveryonehadhadachancetothrow-thebestthrowgoingabout30yards-Ilookedattheteacher."Hey,Orowitz,youwanttotry?"heasked.Embarrassed,Ilookeddown,butmanagedtonodmyhead."Well,comeonthen,"hesaidimpatiently,andhandedmethejavelin.BehindmeIcouldhearsomeofmyclassmateslaughing.AsIgraspedthejavelininmyhand,Iwasseizedwithastrangefeeling-anew-foundexcitement.Forsomecrazyreason,IwasrelaxedoverwhatIwasabouttodo,eventhoughI'dneverdoneitbefore.Iraisedthejavelinovermyhead,tooksixquickstepsandletthethinggo.Thesamevoicethathadurgedmetothrowit,nowtoldmeitwasagoodthrow.注意：1．续写词数应为150左右；2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Paragraph1：Iwatchedasthespear(标枪)tookoff.Paragraph2：ThatnightItookthejavelinhomewithme.英语参考答案选择题（1-20小题，每小题2.5分，共50分；21-35小题，每小题1分，共15分。）题号12345678910答案CBDDCDBACB题号11121314151617181920答案BADCACEAFB题号2122232425