产后恢复培训PostpartumRecoveryTrainingCourse女性妊娠期与产后心理变

女性妊娠期与产后心理变化PsychologicalChangesinWomenduringPregnancyandPostpartum产后恢复培训课程PostpartumRecoveryTrainingCourse目录（Content）1.孕妇的心理特点(Psychologicalcharacteristicsofpregnantwomen)目录（Content）2.产褥期妇女的心理特点(Psychologicalcharacteristicsofwomeninthepuerperium)一、孕妇的心理特点(Psychologicalcharacteristicsofpregnantwomen)妊娠期，是妇女人生中的重要阶段。(Pregnancyisanimportantstageinawoman'slife.)一、孕妇的心理特点(Psychologicalcharacteristicsofpregnantwomen)她们在经历生理上巨大变化的同时，对心理也会产生影响,出现各种心理问题。(Whiletheyexperiencegreatphysiologicalchanges,theyalsoexperiencepsychologicaleffectsandvariouspsychologicalproblems.)一、孕妇的心理特点(Psychologicalcharacteristicsofpregnantwomen)心理变化与孕妇的年龄、个性、经济状况、职业、身体状况和妊娠经历有关。而且在妊娠各阶段也是不同的。惊讶和震惊(Surpriseandshock)01矛盾心理(Ambivalence)02Psychologicalchangesarerelatedtotheage,personality,economicstatus,occupation,physicalconditionandpregnancyexperienceofthepregnantwoman.Theyarealsodifferentineachstageofpregnancy.一、孕妇的心理特点(Psychologicalcharacteristicsofpregnantwomen)接受(Acceptance)03出现了“筑巢反应”，计划为孩子购买衣服、睡床等。(Presenceof"nestingreaction",planningtobuyclothesandbedforthechild.)情绪波动(Moodswings)04情绪波动起伏较大，易激动，常为一些极小的事情而生气、哭泣。(Largemoodswings,easytogetexcited,oftengetangryandcryoversomesmallthings)一、孕妇的心理特点(Psychologicalcharacteristicsofpregnantwomen)情绪上与胎儿产生共鸣(Emotionallyresonatewiththefetus)05孕妇常借着抚摸、对着腹部讲话等行为表达对胎儿的情感。Pregnantwomenoftenexpresstheirfeelingsforthefetusbytouchingandtalkingtotheabdomen.一、孕妇的心理特点(Psychologicalcharacteristicsofpregnantwomen)孕妇由于心理问题可能诱发的异常(Pregnantwomenmayexperienceabnormalitiesduetopsychologicalproblems)01妊娠剧吐（Hyperemesisgravidarum）02流产与早产（Miscarriageandprematuredelivery）03妊娠高血压综合征（Gestationalhypertension）04难产（Difficultlabor）05失眠（Insomnia）一、孕妇的心理特点(Psychologicalcharacteristicsofpregnantwomen)妊娠期心理卫生增进措施(Mentalhealthimprovementmeasuresduringgestation）加强健康教育(strengthenhealtheducation)加强孕妇情绪管理(strengthenemotionalmanagement)加强孕妇社会支持(strengthensocialsupport)二、产褥期妇女的心理特点（Psychologicalcharacteristicsofwomeninthepuerperium）分娩经历(childbirthexperience)伤口愈合体态恢复婴儿性别健康问题(healthproblems)哺乳情况(breastfeeding)(woundhealing)(physicalrecovery)(infant’sgender)产褥期妇女的心理变化二、产褥期妇女的心理特点（Psychologicalcharacteristicsofwomeninthepuerperium）情绪高涨（highspirit）(depression)压抑希望(hope)高兴(happiness)(optimism)乐观焦虑(anxiety)满足感（satisfaction）二、产褥期妇女的心理特点（Psychologicalcharacteristicsofwomeninthepuerperium）产褥期妇女心理调适

(Thepsychologicaladjustmentofwomenduringpuerperium)依赖期一般是指产后1-3日。(Thedependentstagegenerallyrefersto1-3daysafterdelivery）依赖期（Dependentstage）01此期产妇主要关注的是自己的饮食、睡眠等基本需要，较少关注新生儿，对新生儿的照护常常由别人完成。(Duringthisstage,puerperaemainlyfocusontheirowndiet,sleepandotherbasicneeds,andpaylessattentiontotheirnewborns,whosecareisoftencompletedbyothers)孩子真的是我的吗？二、产褥期妇女的心理特点（Psychologicalcharacteristicsofwomeninthepuerperium）产褥期妇女心理调适

(Thepsychologicaladjustmentofwomenduringpuerperium)依赖至独立期一般是指产后3-14日。(theperiodfromdependencetoindependencegenerallyrefersto3-14daysafterdelivery.）依赖至独立期（Dependenttoindependentstage）02产妇的身体逐渐恢复，变得较为独立，显示出自我照护的能力，关注的重心从自己转移到新生儿身上。(Thepuerpera'sbodygraduallyrecoversandbecomesmoreindependent,showingtheabilityofself-careandshiftingthefocusofattentionfromherselftothenewborn.)独立期一般是指产后2周至1个月。(independentstagegenerallyrefersto2weeksto1monthafterdelivery.）03二、产褥期妇女的心理特点（Psychologicalcharacteristicsofwomeninthepuerperium）产褥期妇女心理调适

(Thepsychologicaladjustmentofwomenduringpuerperium)独立期（Independentstage）二、产褥期妇女的心理特点（Psychologicalcharacteristicsofwomeninthepuerperium）产褥期妇女心理调适

(Thepsychologicaladjustmentofwomenduringpuerperium)产妇接受了现实中的新生儿，在与新生儿接触的过程中感受到了做母亲的快乐、幸福及作为母亲的自豪。(Themotheracceptsthenewborninreallife,feelsthejoy,happinessandprideofbeingamotherintheprocessofcontactwiththenewborn.)二、产褥期妇女的心理特点（Psychologicalcharacteristicsofwomeninthepuerperium）影响产后妇女心理变化的因素

(Factorsinfluencethepsychologicalchangesinwomenafterchildbirth)新生儿照护知识缺乏舒适的改变与疲劳以往经历支持系统(Lackofknowledgeaboutnewborncare)(Changeofcomfortandfatigue)(Previousexperiences)(Supportsystem)产妇的性格特征(Maternalpersonalitytraits)二、产褥期妇女的心理特点（Psychologicalcharacteristicsofwomeninthepuerperium）新生儿照护知识缺乏

(Lackofknowledgeaboutnewborncare)新生儿出生，常出现哭闹等现象，

产妇因缺乏安抚新生儿的知识而不能使其安静，感到焦虑(newbornsoftencryaftertheyareborn,puerperaefeelanxiousbecausetheycannotcalmbabiesdownduetolackofknowledge.)

二、产褥期妇女的心理特点（Psychologicalcharacteristicsofwomeninthepuerperium）舒适的改变与疲劳

(Changeofcomfortandfatigue)分娩导致的会阴部疼痛及产后的宫缩痛等所致的身体不适(Physicaldiscomfortduetoperinealpaincausedbychildbirthandpostpartumcontractionpain）分娩的经历、眠模式的改变(combinedwiththeexperienceofchildbirthandchangesinsleeppatterns)导致休息时间减少，使产妇常感到疲劳。(mayleadtoreducedresttime,makingthemotheroftenfeelfatigued.)产妇的性格特征

(Maternalpersonalitytraits)二、产褥期妇女的心理特点（Psychologicalcharacteristicsofwomeninthepuerperium）平静、快乐、积极向上的产妇容易适应产褥期的心理变化相反，易激动、忧虑、消极的产妇其适应能力减弱。(onthecontrary,womenwhoareeasilyagitated,worried,andnegativehaveadiminishedabilitytoadapt.)(Calm,happy,andpositivemotherseasilyadapttothepsychologicalchangesinthepuerperium)二、产褥期妇女的心理特点（Psychologicalcharacteristicsofwomeninthepuerperium）影响产后妇女心理变化的因素

(Factorsinfluencethepsychologicalchangesinwomenafterchildbirth)以往经历(Previousexperiences)如:难产或没有预料的剖宫产、多胎(Suchasdifficultdeliveryorunanticip