2025年欧洲移动经济报告-GSMA

TheMobile

Economy

Europe2025

TheGSMAisaglobalorganisationunifyingthemobile

ecosystemtodiscover,developanddeliverinnovation

foundationaltopositivebusinessenvironmentsand

societalchange.Ourvisionistounlockthefullpowerofconnectivitysothatpeople,industryandsocietythrive.

Representingmobileoperatorsandorganisationsacrossthemobileecosystemandadjacentindustries,theGSMAdeliversforitsmembersacrossthreebroadpillars:

ConnectivityforGood,IndustryServicesandSolutions,

andOutreach.Thisactivityincludesadvancingpolicy,

tacklingtoday’sbiggestsocietalchallenges,underpinningthetechnologyandinteroperabilitythatmakemobile

work,andprovidingtheworld’slargestplatformto

convenethemobileecosystemattheMWCandM360seriesofevents.

Weinviteyoutofindoutmoreat

FollowtheGSMAonX:

@GSMA

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Intelligence

GSMAIntelligenceisthedefinitivesourceofglobalmobileoperatordata,analysisandforecasts,andpublisherof

authoritativeindustryreportsandresearch.Ourdata

coverseveryoperatorgroup,networkandMVNOineverycountryworldwide–fromAfghanistantoZimbabwe.Itisthemostaccurateandcompletesetofindustrymetrics

available,comprisingtensofmillionsofindividualdatapoints,updateddaily.

GSMAIntelligenceisreliedonbyleadingoperators,

vendors,regulators,financialinstitutionsandthird-partyindustryplayers,tosupportstrategicdecision-making

andlong-terminvestmentplanning.Thedataisusedasanindustryreferencepointandisfrequentlycitedbythemediaandbytheindustryitself.

Ourteamofanalystsandexpertsproduceregularthought-leadingresearchreportsacrossarangeofindustrytopics.

info@

Copyright©2025GSMA

Contents

Executivesummary

2

1.

Themobileindustryinnumbers

9

2.

Mobileindustrytrends

20

2.1

5Gbenchmarking:assessingfiveyearsof5G

21

2.2

5G’snextwave:focusshiftsto5G-Advancedand5GRedCap

27

2.3

OpenGateway:capturingtheopportunitiesahead

30

2.4

GenerativeAI:drivingtransformationandbuildingpartnerships

32

2.5

SatellitesandNTNs:momentumbuildsbehindaerialconnectivity

34

3.

Mobileindustryimpact

36

3.1

Themobileindustry’simpactontheSDGs

37

3.2

Supportinggrowingmobileinternetuseamongchildren

40

4.Mobileindustryenablers41

4.1BoostingEurope’sglobalcompetitiveness42

Executive

summary

Sustainingglobalcompetitiveness

Digitalinfrastructurehasbeenattheheartof

socialandeconomicprogressinEuropeforthebetterpartofthelastthreedecades.Today,

nearlyhalfabillionpeopleacrossEuropeare

connectedtothemobileinternet,predominantlythroughhigh-speed4Gand5Gnetworks.Mobiletechnologiesandservicesnowgeneratearound5%ofGDPacrossEurope,acontributionthat

amountstoalmost€1.1trillionofeconomicvalueadded.5G,inparticular,isexpectedtobenefit

mostsectorsoftheEuropeaneconomy,addingaround€164billionofeconomicvalueby2030.However,achievingfurthergrowthbeyondthiswillbechallengingwithintheconstraintsofthecurrentregulatoryenvironment.

Consequently,Europeisatacrossroadsinthe

developmentofcrucialdigitalinfrastructure,

withkeynetwork-performanceandconsumer-

adoptionmetricsshowingthatitisfallingbehindsomeofitsglobalpeers.ThisunderlinestheneedforurgentactionbytheEuropeanCommission

andotherauthoritiestoimplementcriticalpolicyreformstoensurethatEurope’sdigitaleconomy

–underpinnedbystrong,sustainednetworkinnovation–canre-establishaleadership

positionintheglobaltechraceby2030.

Executivesummary2/46

Keytrendsshaping

themobileecosystem

Thefocusshiftsto5Gstandaloneand5G-Advanced

Bytheendof2024,5Gaccountedfor30%ofmobileconnectionsinEurope,equivalentto

over200millionconnections.However,5G

hasnotyetmateriallyalteredmobilerevenue

growth,whichremainslowinmostEuropean

markets.Shiftinginvestmenttomoreadvancedformsof5G,particularly5Gnetworksbased

onthestandalone(SA)architecture,aswell

as5G-Advanced,willbeimportanttounlock

newusecasesandmonetisationopportunities.

However,thisinvestmentwillnotoccur

automatically,andissuesthatlimitthemobilesector'scapacitytoinvestwillneedtobe

addressedfirst.

GSMAOpenGatewaygainstraction

AsofDecember2024,67operatorgroupshadsigneduptotheGSMAOpenGatewayinitiative,accountingfor75%ofmobileconnections

globally.Thegeographicbreakdownofoperatorcommitmentsindicatesregionsatpar,aboveorbelowtheirestablishedmarketshare.Europe

isaleadingregion,withcommittedoperators

representingmorethan20%ofGSMAOpen

Gatewaycommitmentsdespiteaccountingfor

aroundonly10%ofmobileconnections.Many

oftheearlyAPIlaunchesintheregionhave

focusedonfraudpreventionandsecurity,usingSIMSwapandNumberVerificationAPIs.Theserepresenteasywins,giventheever-presentrisksfromfraudstersandbreachesforoperatorsandtheircustomers.

Bytheendof2024,5G

accountedfor30%of

mobileconnectionsin

Europe,equivalenttoover200millionconnections

Executivesummary

3/46

DrivingAItransformationresponsibly

Europeanoperatorsareleadingthewayin

generativeAI(genAI)adoption,withastrong

emphasisonnetworkoptimisation,securityandenhancedcustomerservice.MobileoperatorsarecatalysinggenAIinnovationthroughstrategic

partnerships,exemplifiedbyTelefónica's

collaborationswithtechnologypartners,aswellasDeutscheTelekom'sdevelopmentoftelecoms-specificlargelanguagemodels(LLMs)withthe

GlobalTelcoAIAlliance.TofosterresponsibleAI,operatorsareprioritisingethicalAIpracticestoensurefairness,protectusersandreduce

inequalities.TheEU’sAIActsetsregulatory

standardsforresponsibleAI,whiletheGSMA'sResponsibleAIMaturityRoadmapoffersa

frameworkforethicalAIuse.

Momentumbuildsbehindaerialconnectivity

Terrestrialnetworksremaintheprimaryformofconnectivity,supportedbythewidearea

coverageofwirelessnetworksandthemass

productionandadoptionofmobiledevices.Inrecentyears,however,technologicaladvancesinvarioussatelliteandothernon-terrestrial

networks(NTNs)havehelpedtoovercomeseverallimitationsassociatedwithaerial

connectivity.RecentdevelopmentssuggestthatEuropeanauthoritiesaretakingstepstokeep

upwiththeirglobalpeersinthedevelopmentandapplicationofsatelliteconnectivity,as

acomplementtoterrestrial-basedmobile

connectivityservices.RecentexamplesincludetheawardofacontracttotheSpaceRISE

consortiumtodevelop,deployandoperatetheIRIS2constellation,aswellastheemergence

ofnewplayersacrosstheEuropeansatelliteecosystem.

Executivesummary

4/46

Policiesforsuccess

AddressingEurope’sdigitalinfrastructureneedsisanimportantfirststeptowardsresettingthe

regulatoryframeworkfortelecommunications

andre-energisingtheEuropeantelecomssectorasanengineofcompetitivenessandprosperity.

Thebenefitsofincreasedinvestmentsindigital

infrastructurewillnotonlybefeltacrossthe

telecomsandtechnologysectorsbutacrosseveryotherindustryaswell.Achievingthisrequiresa

boldnewapproachtorealisingtheCommission’sdigitalsinglemarketambitions,underpinnedbythefollowingpracticalmeasures:

•Re-evaluatetheexistingregulatoryframeworkthatwasconceived20–30yearsago,andupdatethepolicyobjectivesandprinciplestomatch

today’smarketrealitiesandchallenges.

•Implementadditionalmeasurestoensure

fairnessintheinternetvaluechainbydefininganobligationoncontentandapplication

providers(CAPs)tonegotiatewithinternet

serviceproviders(ISPs)onthetermsand

conditionsforIPdatatransportservices,therebymakingthenegotiatingpartiessubjecttoa

disputeresolutionprocessintheeventthatanagreementcannotbereached.

Takeamorelong-termviewoninvestmentandinnovationeffects.TheCommissionneedsto

initiateareviewoftheEUMergerRegulation,whichhasnotbeenreviewedfor20years,inordertoputmoreemphasisonthelong-terminvestmentviewpoint.

Establishapro-investmentapproachtoEU

spectrumpolicy,includingtheadoptionof

bestpracticestoachieveamorepredictable

andharmonisedapproachtospectrumauctiondesigns,licensingcosts,theprolongationof

licencesandtheidentificationoffuturebands.

ApplycirculareconomyprinciplestonetworkequipmentandincorporatetheEUtaxonomyforgreeninvestmentinelectroniccommunication

networks,basedonrobustmetrics.

Thebenefitsofincreased

investmentsindigital

infrastructurewillnotonlybefeltacrossthetelecomsandtechnologysectorsbutacrosseveryotherindustryaswell

Executivesummary

5/46

TheMobileEconomyEurope

Mobileinternet

users

2024

471m

79%penetrationrate*

2030

494m

84%penetrationrate*

CAGR

2024-2030

0.8%

*Percentageofpopulation

4G

Percentageofconnections

(excludinglicensedcellularIoT)

202463%

18%

Uniquemobile

subscribers

2024520m

88%penetrationrate*

2030527m

89%penetrationrate*

CAGR

2024-2030

*Percentageofpopulation

0.2%

2030

Percentageofconnections

(excludinglicensedcellularIoT)

30%

80%

5G

2030

2024

0.4%

SIM

connections

(excludinglicensedcellularIoT)

2024795m

134%penetrationrate*

2030816m

138%penetrationrate*

CAGR

2024-2030

*Percentageofpopulation

83%

91%

Operator

revenuesand

investment

2030€177bn

€175bn

Operatorcapexfortheperiod2024–2030:

Totalrevenues

2030

2024

Smartphones

Percentageofconnections

2024

Public

funding

2023

€120bn

Mobileecosystemcontributiontopublicfunding(beforeregulatoryandspectrumfees)

Licensedcellular

IoTconnections

2024322m

2030545m

Mobile

ecosystem

contribution

toGDP

€1.1tn

5.0%ofGDP

€1.2tn

2030

2023

Employment

1.9mjobs

Directlysupportedbythemobileecosystem

Plus1.4mindirectjobs

2023

Subscriberandtechnologytrendsforkeymarkets

Germany

Subscriberpenetration2024

87%

89%

2030

Smartphoneadoption2024

83%

2030

93%

Technologymix*

1%5%

3001524

2030

●2G.3G

10%

90%K201030

●4G●5G

Subscriberpenetration2024

Smartphoneadoption2024

86%

94%

86%

88%

64%

2030

Technologymix*

2%

4947%205122451%

.2G.3G

6%

94%K20630

●4G●5G

Subscriberpenetration2024

Italy

Technologymix*

14%

8601430

4G5G

1%1%

89%

90%

2030

Smartphoneadoption2024

80%

90%

270

2030

.2G.3G

Spain

Subscriberpenetration2024

Technologymix*

3%

2%11%

2889%K11

2030

.2G.3G4G5G

Smartphoneadoption2024

20242030

88%

90%

81%

86%

67%

2030

UK

Subscriberpenetration2024

Technologymix*

1%7%

46%K253012453%93%K20730

2030

.2G.3G4G5G

Smartphoneadoption2024

88%

90%

86%

91%

2030

*Percentageoftotalconnections(excludinglicensedcellularIoT)Note:Totalsmaynotaddupduetorounding.

8/46

Executivesummary

01

Themobileindustryinnumbers

Almost80%of

Europe’spopulationsubscribetomobileinternetservices

Bytheendof2024,520millionpeoplein

Europe(88%ofthepopulation)subscribedtoa

mobileservice.Mobileinternetadoptionisalso

widespread,reaching79%ofthepopulation,whichamountsto471millionusers.Thisrepresentsan

increaseofmorethan150millionpeopleoverthepastdecade.Growthduringthisperiodwaslargelydrivenbytheexpansionofmobilebroadband

networks,withthecoveragegapinEuropenowat1%ofthepopulation.

At19%,theusagegaphasalsonarrowed

considerablyoverthepastdecade.ButsignificantdifferencespersistamongEurope's10largest

marketsformobileinternetsubscribers.InUkraine,PolandandRomania,lessthanthreequartersof

thepopulationhavesubscribedtomobileinternet,comparedtoalmost90%inSpain.

Figure1

Europe:mobileinternetconnectivityinselectmarkets,2024

Percentageofpopulation

Coveragegap

Usagegap

Connected

12%

88%

Spain

17%

16%

82%

84%

ItalyUK

1%

18%

18%

81%

82%

NetherlandsBelgium

20%

80%

France

1%

19%

79%

Europe

4%

21%

22%

79%

74%

GermanyUkraine

28%

35%

72%

64%

PolandRomania

Connected:Thosewhousemobileinternet.

Usagegap:Thosewholivewithinthefootprintofamobilebroadbandnetworkbutdonotusemobileinternetservices.

Coveragegap:Thosewholiveinanareanotcoveredbyamobilebroadbandnetwork.

Note:Totalsmaynotaddupduetorounding.

Source:GSMAIntelligence

Themobileindustryinnumbers

10/46

In2026,5Gadoptionwillsurpass4G

adoptioninEurope

Theshareofmobileconnectionson4GinEuropeisbeginningtowaneas5Gadoptiongathers

pace.Moreover,with2Gand3Gnetworksalreadyaccountingforlessthan10%ofmobileconnectionsintheregion,legacynetworksarebeingphased

out.BytheendofQ32024,therehadbeen44

networksunsetsinEurope–accountingforaroundathirdofnetworksunsetsglobally.1

Europeisexpectedtostayattheforefrontin

termsofmigratingsubscriberstonewernetworkgenerations,withtheregionexpectedtoaccountformorethanhalfofplannednetworksunsetsin2025.Thiswillgiveoperatorstheopportunitytorepurposespectrumassetsformorespectrally

efficient4Gand5Gnetworkswhilealsoimprovingenergyefficiencyinthenetwork(sincelegacy

networksarelessenergyefficient).

Figure2

Europe:mobileadoptionbytechnology

Percentageoftotalconnections

90%

80%

70%

60%

50%

40%

30%

20%

10%

0%

2024202520262027202820292030

5G80%

4G18%

3G2%

2G0%

Source:GSMAIntelligence

1.

NetworkSunsets,Q32024Globaltrends,regionalvariationsandoutlook

,GSMAIntelligence,November2024

Themobileindustryinnumbers

11/46

5Gadoptionin

Europecontinuestolagbehindother

advancedregions

Bytheendof2024,5Gaccountedfor30%of

mobileconnectionsinEurope,equivalentto

over200millionconnections.CountriessuchasDenmark,Finland,Germany,Norway,SwitzerlandandtheUKhaveseenthefastestuptake,with5Gadoptionratesexceeding40%ineachofthese

markets.

However,regionssuchasNorthAmerica,EastAsiaandtheGulfCooperationCouncil(GCC)states

havehigherlevelsof5Gadoption.Withthefirst

waveof5GdeploymentsbasedonRelease15

complete,manyoperatorsinthesemarketsare

shiftingtheirattentionto5Gstandalone(SA)and5G-Advanced.TheadoptionofthesetechnologiesinEuropewillprogressmoreslowlyunlessthe

challengesthatrestrictinvestmentcapacityintheEuropeanmobilesectorareresolved.

Figure3

5Gadoption

Percentageoftotalconnections

2025–2030increase

2024

5Gconnections

(2030)

95%

95%

94%

92%

88%

80%

Europe

Globalaverage

Source:GSMAIntelligence

SouthKorea

GCCstates

5.63bn

1.76bn

656m

533m

186m

412m

Japan

99m

67m

China

80%

56%

EU27

US

Themobileindustryinnumbers

12/46

Operatorsmust

investheavilyinnetworkupgradesamidrisingdatatraffic

Mobiledatatraffichasexperiencedmassivegrowthgloballyoverthepastdecade,drivenbytheincreasingadoptionofsmartphones

andgrowingconsumptionofhigh-bandwidthapplicationssuchasvideostreaming.

Between2019and2024,averagedatatraffic

permobileconnectiongrewmorethanfourfold

inEurope,from3.8GBin2019to15.3GBin

2024.Mobiledatatrafficwillcontinuetoriseatasignificantratethroughtotheendofthedecade,reachingalmost50GBpermobileconnectionpermonth.

Figure4

Mobiledatatrafficpermobileconnection

GBpermonth

20242030Increase

US

42

98

2.3×

China

20

69

3.5×

Italy

22

62

2.8×

Spain

17

59

3.6×

France

18

57

3.2×

UK

14

56

4×

Germany

13

55

4.4×

Europe

15

49

3.2×

Global

16

48

3×

TopfivesmartphonemarketsinEurope

Numberofsmartphoneconnections,2030

Germany

111m

Ukraine

56m

Italy

74m

France

70m

UK

83m

Source:GSMAIntelligence

Themobileindustryinnumbers

13/46

Europeisexpectedtogainanother

200millionlicensedcellularIoT

connectionsby2030

By2030,therewillbealmost550millionlicensedcellularIoTconnectionsinEurope.Germany

willaccountforaroundaquarterofthese,whiletheUK,France,ItalyandSwedenwilleach

accountforaround10%.ToaddressthediverseneedsofIoTusecases,operatorswillleveragea

combinationofconnectivityoptions.Thiswillhelpensureoptimisedperformanceacrossdifferent

applications.

SmartutilitieswillbeakeydriverofIoT

connectionsgrowthasthenumberofinitiativesforsmartmeteringandsmartpowergridscontinuestorise,aidedbygovernment-fundedprojects.

Therealsocontinuestobegoodtractionfor

licensedcellularIoTacrossEuropeinothersectors,includingtrackingandlogistics.

Figure5

Europe:numberoflicensedcellularIoTconnections

Million

RestofEurope

Sweden

Italy

France

UK

Germany

600

500

400

300

200

100

0

545

180

322

48

100

55

58

30

34

36

40

67

82

138

2024202520262027202820292030

Note:Totalsmaynotaddupduetorounding.

Source:GSMAIntelligence

Themobileindustryinnumbers

14/46

Mobilerevenue

growthisexpectedtoremaininthelowsingledigits

5Ghasnotyetmateriallyalteredmobilerevenuegrowth,whichremainsinthelowsingledigits

inpercentagetermsinmostEuropeanmarkets.Consequently,thereisincreasedpressureon

operatorstodiversifytheirservicesandgeneratenewrevenuestreamsinadjacentareas.B2B

remainsafocusfortheindustry,withthelaunchofthenextiterationof5Gnetworksanimportantunderpinningforgrowthprospects.

Onthecostside,Europeanmobileoperatorshaveinvestedover€160billioninmobilecapexoverthepastfiveyears,muchofwhichhasbeenspenton5Gnetworks.Mobilecapex/revenueintheregionwas16%attheendof2023,likelymarkingthe

peakofthe5Ginvestmentcycle.However,mobilecapexisstillprojectedtosurpass€25billionin

eachyearto2030.

Figure6

Europe:mobilerevenueandyear-on-yeargrowth

Billion

€200

1.6%

1.7%

1.4%

1.2%

●

1.2%

●

0.9%

1.1%

2024202520262027202820292030

Source:GSMAIntelligence

€180

€160

€140

€120

€100

€80

€60

€40

€20

€0

Mobilerevenue

Annualgrowth

Themobileindustryinnumbers

15/46

Themobilesectoradded€1.1trillionofeconomicvaluetotheEuropean

economyin2023

In2023,mobiletechnologiesandservices

generated5%ofGDPacrossEurope,a

contributionthatamountedtoalmost€1.1trillionofeconomicvalueadded.Thegreatestbenefitscamefromtheproductivityeffectsgeneratedbythe

useofmobileservicesacrosstheeconomy,whichreached€700billion.Thedirectcontributionby

themobileindustryecosystemwasalsosignificantat€230billion.

Themobileecosystemcomprisesthree

categories:mobileoperators;infrastructureandequipmentproviders;andcontentandservices.

Theinfrastructureandequipmentcategory

includesnetworkequipmentproviders,device

manufacturersandIoTcompanies.Meanwhile,

thecontentandservicescategoryencompassescontent,mobileapplicationandserviceproviders,

distributorsandretailersandmobilecloudservices.

Figure7

Europe:totaleconomiccontributionofmobile,2023

Billion,percentageofGDP

Mobileecosystem

€40

€80

€110

0.3%

0.3%

0.5%

Contentandservices

Mobile

operators

Infrastructure

and

equipment

providers

€700€1,080

3.3%

5.0%

€130

0.6%

IndirectProductivityTotal

Note:Totalsmaynotaddupduetorounding.

Source:GSMAIntelligence

Themobileindustryinnumbers

16/46

By2030,mobile’s

economiccontributioninEuropewillreach

€1.2trillion

By2030,mobile’scontributionwillreach

€1.2trillioninEurope,drivenmostlybythe

continuedexpansionofthemobileecosystemandverticalsincreasinglybenefitingfromtheimprovementsinproductivityandefficiencybroughtaboutbythetake-upofmobile

services.Thisunderscorestheconnectivitysector'sroleasacoreenablerofEurope'sdigitaleconomy.

Figure8

Europe:economicimpactofmobile

Billion

€1,080

2023

Source:GSMAIntelligence

€1,200

2030

ThemobileecosysteminEuropesupportedmorethan3million

jobsin2023

Mobileoperatorsandthewidermobile

ecosystemprovideddirectemploymenttoaround2millionpeopleinEuropein2023.Inaddition,economicactivityintheecosystemgeneratedroughly1.4millionjobsinother

sectors,meaningaround3.3millionjobsintotalweredirectlyorindirectlysupported.

Figure9

Europe:employmentimpactofthemobileindustry,2023

Jobs(million)

1.4

3.3

1.9

Indirect

Source:GSMAIntelligence

Direct

Total

Themobileindustryinnumbers

17/46

Thefiscal

contributionofthemobileecosysteminEuropereached€120billionin2023

In2023,themobilesectorinEuropemadea

substantialcontributiontothefundingofthe

publicsector,with€120billionraisedthrough

taxes.Thelargestcontributioncamefrom

employmenttaxesandsocialsecurity,which

generated€50billion,followedbyservicesVAT,salestaxesandexcisedutiesat€40billion.

Figure10

Europe:fiscalcontributionofthemobileecosystem,2023

Billion

€50

€10

€120

€20

€40

HandsetVAT,

salestaxes,

exciseand

customsduties

Note:Totalsmaynotaddupduetorounding.

Source:GSMAIntelligence

Employment

taxesandsocial

security

ServicesVAT,

salestaxesand

exciseduties

Corporatetaxesonprofits

Total

Themobileindustryinnumbers

18/46

5Gwilladdmorethan€160billiontotheEuropeaneconomyin2030

5G’scontributiontotheEuropeaneconomy

isexpectedtoexceed€160billionin2030,

accountingforapproximately14%oftheoveralleconomicimpactofmobile.Muchofthiswill

materialisebetween2023and2028.Towardstheendofthedecade,5G’seconomicbenefitswill

leveloffasthetechnologyachievesscaleandadoptionbeginstoplateau.

While5Gisexpectedtobenefitmostsectors

oftheEuropeaneconomy,someindustrieswill

benefitmorethanothersduetotheirability

toincorporate5Gusecasesintheirbusiness.

Between2023and2030,34%ofbenefitsare

expectedtooriginatefromthemanufacturing

sector,drivenbyapplicationssuchassmart

factories,smartgridsandIoT-enabledproducts.

Othersectorsthatwillexperiencesignificant

benefitsarethepublicadministrationandservicessectorsat19%and12%,respectively.

Figure11

Europe:annual5Gcontributionbyindustry

Billion

Other

Constructionandrealestate

Finance

Informationandcommunication

Services

Publicadministration

Manufacturing

€180

€160

€140

€120

€100

€80

€60

€40

€20

€0

13%

6%

6%

10%

12%

19%

34%

20232024202520262027202820292030

Source:GSMAIntelligence

Themobileindustryinnumbers

19/46

02

Mobileindustrytrends

2.1

5Gbenchmarking:assessingfiveyearsof5G

Thenumberof5Gconnectionsworldwide

surpassed2billionattheendof2024,fiveyearsafterthearrivalofthetechnology,makingitthefastest-growingmobilebroadbandtechnology

todate.However,despitethisprogress,the

technologyhasnotyetrealiseditsfullpotentialintermsofdigitaltransformation,economic

impactandcommercialvalue.Thishighlightstheimperativeforstrategicinterventions,enablingpoliciesandtargetedinvestmentstoensuretheevolutionof5Geverywhere.

Againstthisbackdrop,GSMAIntelligence’s

5GConnectivityIndex(5GI)providesa

comprehensiveassessmentof5Gin39markets,offeringvaluableinsightsforinformeddecision-makingandinvestmentbythemobileecosystemandpolicymakers.2Itisconstructedaroundtwocategories,5Ginfrastructureand5Gservices,

whicharedividedintosixpillars,whichare

inturnmadeupof17indicators.Inorderto

ensurecomparabilityacrossindicators,theyarenormalisedusingthe‘minimum-maximisation’

method,whichgivesallindicatorsascorebetween0to100,withahigherscorealwaysrepresentingstrongerperformance.

Figure12

5GConnectivityIndexstructureandweightings:categories,pillarsandindicators

5Ginfrastructure

50%

Experience

45%

Low-bandspectrum

45%

Uploadspeeds

30%

Latencies

10%

Videoquality

20%

5G

standalone

20%

Mid-bandspectrum

45%

Downloadspeeds

40%

mmWavespectrum

10%

5Gbasestations

40%

5Gcoverage

40%

Spectrum

10%

Network

45%

5Gservices

50%

Affordability

30%

5Gdataaffordability

50%

5Gdeviceaffordability

50%

Adoption

40%

5Gsubscriberpenetration

50%

5Gdeviceshipments

30%

5GFWA

penetration

20%

Market

development

30%

Datatrafficperuser

70%

Revenuegrowth

30%

Source:GSMAIntelligence

2.The

5GConnectivityIndexwebtool

providesoverallindexscoresaswellastheunderlyingscoreforeachindicator.

Mobileindustrytrends

21/46

Figure13

5GConnectivityIndexcategories,pillarsandindicators

5Ginfrastructure

PillarIndicatorDescriptionSource

Spectrum

Low-bandspectrum

Mid-bandspectrum

mmWavespectrum

Amountofspectruminbandsbelow1GHzassignedtomobilenetworkoperators

GSMAIntelligence

Amountofspectruminbandsin1-7GHzassignedtomobilenetworkoperators

GSMAIntelligence

Amountofspectruminbandsabove24GHzassignedtomobilenetworkoperators

GSMAIntelligence

Network

5Gbasestations

5Gcoverage*

5Gstandalone

Numberof5Gbasestationsdeployedper100,000people

GSMAIntelligence

Coverageandavailabilityof5Gnetworks

OoklaSpeedtest

Intelligence®andGSMAIntelligence

Proportionof5Gconnectionswithoperatorsthathavedeplo