2024-2025学年高中英语Unit1GreatscientistsSectionⅡ-LearningaboutLanguage练习含解析新人教版必修5

PAGEPAGE1SectionⅡ—LearningaboutLanguage一、用方框中所给动词的适当形式填空determinesatisfybreakkillwriteloseinjurespeak1.Oneofthepassengersintheaccidentwasmyfriend.

答案:killed2.Whenwecamein,wesawtheglasseswere.

答案:broken3.What’sthelanguageinGermany?

答案:spoken4.Hetoldmethathiskeyswere.

答案:lost5.Theyweretofinishtheworkassoonaspossible.

答案:determined6.ThefirsttextbooksforteachingEnglishasaforeignlanguagecameoutinthe16thcentury.

答案:written7.Theyarewiththefemalesoldier,whohasfinishedherworkaheadoftime.

答案:satisfied8.Theysentthepassengersintheaccidenttohospitalimmediately.

答案:injured二、选词填空1.contribution/contribute(1)Thefamousstarhasalotofmoneytotheschool.

(2)Hehasmadeagreattothebuildingoftheschool.

答案:(1)contributed(2)contribution2.construct/construction(1)Theworkersareanewbridge.

(2)Thebridgeunderconnectstheroadwiththetown.

答案:(1)constructing(2)construction3.exceptfor/besides/apartfrom(1)afewfaults,heisatrustworthyfriend.

(2)dancing,shealsolikessinging.

答案:(1)Exceptfor/Apartfrom(2)Besides/Apartfrom三、完成句子1.今晚支配了什么活动没有?Isthereanything?

答案:plannedfortonight2.有组织的旅行就是由某人或机构组织的旅行。isatripbysomeoneoranorganization.

答案:Anorganizedtrip;organized3.当老师进来时,他依旧坐着不动。Whentheteachercamein,he.

答案:remainedseated4.昨天在会上探讨的那个问题对我们是很重要的。Thequestionyesterdayisveryimportanttous.

答案:discussedatthemeeting5.我很兴奋被邀请参与他的聚会。Itobeinvitedtohisparty.

答案:amdelighted6.这本书写得很好。Thebook.

答案:iswellwritten四、同义句转换1.Weonlysellbooksthatareusedinourbookstore.Weonlysellinourbookstore.

答案:usedbooks2.Thetimeislost.Thetimecanneverbefoundagain.canneverbefoundagain.

答案:Thelosttime3.Thelibrarywasbuilt3yearsago.Thelibrarybelongstoourschool.Thelibrary3yearsagobelongstoourschool.

答案:built4.Thenewswasverysurprising.Itsurprisedallofus.Allofuswere.

答案:surprisedatthesurprisingnews★五、完形填空Scientistsknowhowtomakeseawaterfresh.Theyknowmany1oftakingoutthesalt.

Onewayistoboilthesaltwater.2thewaterboils,the3rises.Whenthesteam4itbecomesfreshwater.5wayistousethe6ofthesun.Atray(盘子)withaspecialglasssideisused.The7warmstheseawater.Thesteam8.Whenthesteamcoolsonthe9,itisfreshwater.Thiswaterruns10theglassintoalittlegutter(槽).

Stillanotherwayisto11theseawater.The12staysontheoutsideoftheice.Thenthescientists13thesalt.Theiceis14water.

Doalltheseways15?Yes,theydo.

Thenwhy16wehavefreshwaterforpeoplewhoneedit?

The17isthatsomedaywewill.Butwecan’tdothatyet.Itcoststoomuch18tomakesaltwaterfresh.Itcostsmorethanmostpeoplecan19.

Butscientistsarestill20betterways.Someday,everyonemaydrinkfreshwaterthatcomesfromthesaltysea.

1.A.ideas B.waysC.steps D.thoughts答案:B解析:由其次段第一句中的“Oneway”以及第三段第一句中的“anotherway”可知,本文主要讲解并描述的是使海水变为淡水的方法。2.A.Before B.AfterC.As D.If答案:C解析:水蒸气升起动作的发生,应是在水沸腾的时候,而不是之前或之后。3.A.gas B.airC.steam D.salt答案:C解析:水沸腾时,上升的是水蒸气,不是gas(气体),air(空气)或salt(盐)。4.A.freezes B.disappearsC.cools D.warms答案:C解析:水蒸气什么时候才会变成水呢?当然是在冷却的时候。而freeze是“结冰”的意思,disappear的意思是“消逝”,warm用作动词时的意思是“使暖和”,只有动词cool的意思是“使冷却”。5.A.Theother B.AnotherC.One D.Other答案:B解析:another表示“三者或三者以上中的另一个”;other表示“另外的,其他的”,用来修饰名词复数;theother则用来指“两者中的另一个”,因为此处并没有说只有两种方法,所以应选择another。6.A.heat B.lightC.height D.shadow答案:A解析:从第7空后的“warmstheseawater”可以推知,这里利用的是太阳的热能。7.A.glass B.sunC.sky D.tray答案:B解析:什么能够使海水变暖呢?在四个选项中,glass,sky和tray都不具备这个功能,而太阳发出的光和热可以使海水变暖。8.A.appears B.fallsC.disappears D.rises答案:D解析:由其次段其次句中的rises可以得出答案。9.A.tray B.groundC.glass D.way答案:C解析:依据下一句可以得知:水蒸气上升后,在“玻璃”上渐渐冷却变成了水,最终顺着玻璃流入小槽。10.A.up B.fromC.outof D.down答案:D解析:依据常识可知水应当由上向下流,down除了表示“向下”,还有“沿着”的含义。11.A.freeze B.coolC.pour D.save答案:A解析:由下文的内容可以看出本句话的意思是“另外一种方法就是冻结海水”。freeze表示“冻结”;cool的意思是“冷却”;pour的意思是“灌注”;save的意思是“节约”。12.A.water B.saltC.sun D.sea答案:B解析:由上句“另外一种方法就是冻结海水”和下文的“Thenthescientists13thesalt.”可以得知:附着在冰面上的应当是salt。

13.A.washoff B.tasteC.add D.takeoff答案:A解析:washoff的意思是“清洗掉”,而takeoff的意思是“脱掉”。taste和add不符合文意。本句表示“科学家把盐清洗掉”。14.A.salty B.clearC.fresh D.clean答案:C解析:本文讲解并描述的是如何使海水变成淡水。把盐分清洗掉后,剩下的自然就是淡水了。freshwater的意思是“淡水”。15.A.affect B.suitC.fit D.work答案:D解析:work除了“工作”的含义外,还可以表示“起作用,奏效”,而affect的意思是“影响”,suit的意思是“适合”,fit也表示“适合”。结合句意,work为最佳答案。本句意思是“全部这些方法都奏效吗?”16.A.don’t B.needn’tC.daren’t D.didn’t答案:A解析:本句讲解并描述的是科普常识,应当用一般现在时态,因此可把didn’t解除;另外句子中没有“须要”和“敢”的意思,应舍去B、C两项。17.A.problem B.answerC.reason D.excuse答案:B解析:因为上句提出了一个问题,所以很明显此处应当是对上面问题的回答。故选择answer。18.A.money B.timeC.difficulty D.salt答案:A解析:依据本句中的动词costs及下一句话“Itcostsmorethanmostpeoplecan19.”可以推知,这样做会花费许多钱。

19.A.saveB.cost C.payD.take答案:C解析:本题对上下文的联系及动词进行考查。主语是人时一般不用cost和take,另外save不合文意。pay作为“付钱”讲时,用人做主语,符合文意。20.A.caringfor B.lookingforC.waitingfor D.dependingon答案:B解析:carefor的意思是“喜爱,照看”;lookfor的意思是“找寻”;waitfor的意思是“等待”;dependon的意思是“依靠”。由上下文可知:科学家们正在“找寻”更好的方法。★六、语篇填空HenryFordwas1.firstpersontobuildcarswhichwerecheap,strongandfast.Hewasable2.(sell)millionsofcarsbecausehecouldproducetheminlargenumbersatatime;thatis,hemademany3.(car)ofthesamekind.Ford’sfatherh