2025版高考英语大二轮复习专题一阅读理解推理判断题专练二-观点推断类

PAGE1-推理推断题专练(二)——观点推断类A[2024·山西六校其次次阶段性测试]In2013,GabbyFrostfoundedBuddyProjectwhenshewas15.Atthattime,herbestfriendhadbeendiagnosed(诊断)withamentalhealthcondition,andthatwasthefirsttimeshewasmadeawareofwhatmentalillnesswas.Shewantedtolearnmoreanddevelopagoodsupportsystemforher.MentalillnessaffectstensofmillionsofpeopleintheUnitedStateseachyear,yetonlyhalfreceivetreatment,accordingtotheNationalInstitutesofMentalHealth.BuddyProject'swebsitesaystheserviceisnotasubstitutefortherapy(治疗)orothertypesofmentalhealthcare,anditdirectspeopletoresourcesforfurtherhelp.Sincefoundingtheorganizationasahighschoolstudent,Frosthashelpedmorethan200,000participantsfindanewfriend.OnthedaywhenBuddyProjectwaslaunched,sheusedherpowerfulsocialmediapresencetoattractnearly3,000participants.“Thiswasaroundthetimewhenteensreallybegantalkingaboutmentalhealthandfoundasupportivecommunityonlinetotalkaboutit，”shesaid.Oneofthebiggestsocialbarriersshehadtojumpoverwasthatpeopledidn'tviewherseriouslybecauseshewasa15­year­oldgirl,andevennow,she'sstillayoungwoman.“Sometimesit'sfrustratingbecausepeopledon'tthinkwhatIdoisneededortheydon'tthinkI'mprofessional，”shesaid.“Mostpeopleareblownawaythata20­year­oldgirlisrunningthisandthatit'sonepersondoingthisbutnotawholeteam.I'mjustluckythatI'vefoundasupportsystemthathasbeenabletohelpmymomandmewiththeproject.”体裁：记叙文题材：个人经验主题：BuddyProject【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文，讲解并描述了GabbyFrost在15岁的时候为了帮助自己的挚友战胜心理疾病而成立了BuddyProject。BuddyProject帮助了许多有心理健康问题的人。尽管遇到了许多的困难，但她仍坚持不懈。【难句分析】Oneofthebiggestsocialbarriersshehadtojumpoverwasthatpeopledidn'tviewherseriouslybecauseshewasa15­year­oldgirl,andevennow,she'sstillayoungwoman.分析：本句包含了一个定语从句shehadtojumpover，一个表语从句thatpeopledidn'tviewherseriously和一个缘由状语从句becauseshewasa15­year­oldgirl。译文：她必需跨越的最大的社会障碍之一是，因为她是一个15岁的女孩，人们不把她当回事，即使现在，她仍旧是一位年轻的女性。1．WhydidGabbyFrostsetupBuddyProject?A．Totreathermentaldisease.B．Toknowwhatcausesmentalillness.C．Tohelpherfriendtofightthementaldisease.D．Tocurethosewithmentaldisease.答案与解析：C考查细微环节理解。依据第一段中的“Shewantedtolearnmoreanddevelopagoodsupportsystemforher”及其次段中的“BuddyProject'swebsitesaystheserviceisnotasubstitutefortherapy(治疗)orothertypesofmentalhealthcare,anditdirectspeopletoresourcesforfurtherhelp”可知，她是为了帮助挚友与心理疾病抗争才成立了BuddyProject，故答案为C项。2．Whatcanweinferfromparagraph2?A．Americanspaylittleattentiontomentalhealth.B．ManyAmericanshavetroublewithmentalhealth.C．BuddyProjectprovidesfinancialaidforpatients.D．BuddyProjectcancurethosewithmentaldisease.答案与解析：B考查细微环节理解。依据文章其次段第一句中的“MentalillnessaffectstensofmillionsofpeopleintheUnitedStateseachyear”可知，在美国，许多人都有心理健康方面的问题，故答案为B项。3．WhatproblemdidFrostface?A．Shecouldn'tgetsupportfromhermother.B．Shecouldn'thelpsomanypatientsatatime.C．Shewasn'tabletoattractenoughparticipants.D．Shewasn'tthoughtwellofbecauseofherage.答案与解析：D考查细微环节理解。依据最终一段中的“Oneofthebiggestsocialbarriersshehadtojumpoverwasthatpeopledidn'tviewherseriouslybecauseshewasa15­year­oldgirl,andevennow,she'sstillayoungwoman”和“peopledon'tthinkwhatIdoisneeded...professional”可知，她面临的一个问题是人们因为她的年龄而不把她当回事儿，认为她不专业，故答案为D项。4．HowdomostpeoplefeelaboutyoungFrost'srunningtheprojectalone?A．Completelydefeated.B．Totallyconvinced.C．Stronglyimpressed.D．Fullysatisfied.答案与解析：C考查观点看法。依据最终一段中的“Mostpeopleareblownawaythata20­year­oldgirlisrunningthisandthatit'sonepersondoingthisbutnotawholeteam.I'mjustluckythatI'vefoundasupportsystemthathasbeenabletohelpmymomandmewiththeproject”，可知，大多数人对一个20岁的女孩独自(而不是靠一个团队)运营这个项目这一事实应感到惊异、敬佩或印象深刻，故C项最能体现大多数人的心理，故选C项。B[2024·郑州高三第一次质量预料]Ifyou'veeverhadadog,youknowjusthowdeepaconnectionyoucandevelopwith“man'sbestfriend”.Butadog'slifeismuchshorterthanhumans,about12to15yearslong,whichmeanseverydogownerhastogothroughtheheartbreakingmomentwhentheirlovingpetpassesaway.Whynotmakeacloneofthatdogthen?ThisisthesolutionofferedbyaSouthKoreancompany,SooamBiotechResearchFoundation.Thecompanyhasalreadysuccessfullyclonedatleast400dogs,mostlyforUScustomers,eversinceitpioneeredthetechniquein2005.Now,SooamBiotechhasintroduceditsbusinesstoUKdogownersaswell,offeringthemdogsthatlookjustliketheirlostones.Tocloneadog,researchersfirstneedtotakeaskincellfromalivingdogoronethathasjustdied.Meanwhile,anotherdogisselectedtosupplyanegg.ResearchersthenreplacetheDNAintheeggwiththatfromtheskincellandimplanttheeggintothewomb(子宫)ofafemaledog.Theegggrowsintoapuppyoverthefollowingtwomonths.Thewholeprocesstakeslessthanaday,butitcomesatashockinglyhighprice—around￡63,000.Butifyoucan'tafforditnow,youcanalsosavethecellinalaboratoryandaccessitatalaterdate.However,magicalascloningmightsound,thereisnoguaranteethatthecloneddogwillbeaperfectcopyoftheoriginalone.Justlikeidenticaltwinsofhumans,theysharetheexactlysameDNAbuttherewillstillbesmalldifferencesbetweenthem.“ThespotsonaDalmatian(斑点狗)clonewillbedifferent,forexample，”InsungHwang,headofSooamBiotech,toldTheGuardian.Dogownerswillalsohavetoacceptthefactthatpersonalityisnot“cloneable”.Apartfromgenes,personalityisalsodeterminedbyupbringingandenvironment,whicharebothrandomelementsthatcloningtechnologiessimplycannotovercome,ProfessorTomKirkwoodatNewcastleUniversity,UK,toldThePerhapsbringingourdogsbackbycloningisnotthebestwaytorememberthemafterall.Kirkwood,adogownerhimself,pointedout,“Animportantaspectofourrelationshipwiththemiscomingtotermswiththepainoflettinggo.”体裁：说明文题材：科技主题：克隆狗【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了克隆狗技术。【难句分析】Apartfromgenes,personalityisalsodeterminedbyupbringingandenvironment,whicharebothrandomelementsthatcloningtechnologiessimplycannotovercome,ProfessorTomKirkwoodatNewcastleUniversity,UK,toldTheTelegraph.分析：which引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作主语，修饰先行词upbringingandenvironment;其中，that引导定语从句，在从句中作宾语，修饰先行词randomelements。译文：英国纽卡斯尔高校的教授TomKirkwood告知《电讯报》，除了基因外，特性也是由抚育和环境所确定的，两者都有随意性，是克隆技术所不能克服的。5．WhatservicedoesSooamBiotechResearchFoundationoffer?A．Makingcopiesofpetdogs.B．Givingpetdogsidenticaltwins.C．Helpingdogsgivebirthtomorepuppies.D．Helpingdogownerslovetheirdogsmore.答案与解析：A考查细微环节理解。依据其次段最终一句“Now,SooamBiotechhasintroduceditsbusinesstoUKdogownersaswell,offeringthemdogsthatlookjustliketheirlostones”可知，这家公司所供应的服务就是克隆已逝的宠物狗，故选A项。6．Whichorderiscorrectinthedogcloningprocess?a．Aneggistakenfromanotherdog.b．Askincellistakenfromthepetdog.c．Theegggrowsintoapuppyintwomonths.d．Theeggisplacedinthewombofafemaledog.e．TheDNAintheeggisreplacedbytheDNAfromtheskincell.A．a→d→b→e→c.B．a→e→b→d→c.C．b→a→d→e→c.D．b→a→e→d→c.答案与解析：D考查细微环节理解。依据对第三段的整体理解可知，试验的第一步是从狗身上提取皮肤细胞，另一只被选择的狗供应一个卵子，将卵子中的DNA替换成皮肤细胞中的DNA之后，将卵子植入一只母狗的子宫，最终卵子在接下来的两个月中生长为一只小狗，故选D项。7．Whatcanwelearnaboutdogcloningfromthepassage?A．Ithasnotbeenputintopracticeuntilrecently.B．ItisverypopularamongUSandUKpetowners.C．Itmightnotgivetheownersanexactlysamedog.D．Itisveryexpensiveandusuallytakeshalfayeartocomplete.答案与解析：C考查细微环节理解。依据第五段第一句“However,magicalascloningmightsound,thereisnoguaranteethatthecloneddogwillbeaperfectcopyoftheoriginalone”可知，克隆狗和原来的狗可能并非完全一样，故选C项。干扰项分析：A项错在这项技术最近才投入运用，这与其次段中提到的“itpioneeredthetechniquein2005”不符；B项文中没有提及；D项与第四段第一句“Thewholeprocesstakeslessthanaday,butitcomesatashockinglyhighprice—around￡63,000”不符，故解除A、B、D三项。8．WhatdoesKirkwoodthinkofdogcloning?A．Hedisagreeswithit.B．Hesupportsit.C．Heiscuriousaboutit.D．Hethinksitunbelievable.答案与解析：A考查观点看法。依据最终一段Kirkwood说的话“Animportantaspectofourrelationshipwiththemiscomingtotermswiththepainoflettinggo”可知，他认为人类和宠物狗之间的关系的一个重要方面是要接受失去它们的苦痛。由此可推知，Kirkwood并不赞成克隆狗，故选A项。C[2024·贵州适应性测试]Almostallcalligraphy(书法)loversagreethatwritingcharacterswithabrushandinkonstrawpaperoffersawaytocommunicatewithnotonlyhistoryandculture,butalsooneself.ButnowChinesecharacterhandwritingisunderthreatfromcomputersandmobilephones.Acollegegraduatelookingforajobwasreportedlyturneddownbyacompanybecausehewrote24charactersincorrectlyina400­characterhandwrittenresume.AsurveybyHorizonKey,coveringpeoplefrom12majorcitiesinChina,foundthatnearlyonethirdofthoseinterviewedoftenexperience“characteramnesia(遗忘)”，with94percentsayingthisisaproblemforthem.ThemainreasonisthatmostChineserelytoomuchonthepinyin­basedChineselanguageinputmethod,whichisreplacingthetraditionofwritingcharactersstroke(笔画)bystroke.Thesoftwarewillconvenientlychoosetherightcharactersaccordingtothecontextorwordfrequency,astherearedozensofcharacterswiththesamepronunciationinChinese.Educationisanotherproblem.Incollege,mosthomeworkandpapersareprintedout,insteadofhandwritten.Andfewteachersusechalkandblackboards,withMicrosoft'sPowerPointthemost­oftenusedsoftwaretoteachknowledgetostudents.ThenumberofelectronicdevicesintheclassroomisthoughttobeanotherreasonwhystudentsareeasilysatisfiedwithjustapoorknowledgeoftheChineselanguageandcharacters.Itisquickertolookupacharacterinanelectronicdictionary,buttraditionalprinteddictionariesoffermoredetailedinformationontheusageandmeaningofthecharacters.Studentspaymoreattentiontorememberingacharacter'spronunciation,butnottheotherknowledgerelatedtoit,whiche­dictionariesrarelyprovide.Anotherworryisthe“pollution”ofChinesecharactersbyInternetlanguage.YoungpeopleregardusingInternetlanguageascoolandfashionable.Aftertheylearntousetheseexpressions,theyautomaticallyincludethemintheirwriting.体裁：说明文题材：社会文化主题：汉字书写面临威逼【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，随着电脑上的汉语输入法、办公软件以及电子产品的影响，人们手写汉字的实力在减弱。【难句分析】Thesoftwarewillconvenientlychoosetherightcharactersaccordingtothecontextorwordfrequency,astherearedozensofcharacterswiththesamepronunciationinChinese.分析：句中“asthereare...inChinese”为as引导的缘由状语从句。译文：这种软件可以依据上下文或词语出现的频率，便利地选择正确的文字，因为在汉语中，有许多文字有相同的发音。9．Withtheexampleofacollegegraduate,theauthorshows________.A．thatpracticingcanimprovewritingB．why