沪教 九年级 上册 英语 Unit 4《4.2 Grammar》课件

牛津九年级上册GrammarUnit4ProblemsandAdvice目录CONTENTS010203leadinSentenceelementsExercise句子成分主语（subject）谓语（predicate）表语（predicative）宾语（object）补语（complement）定语（attributive）状语（adverbial）句子的各个组成部分叫做句子成分。主语和谓语是句子的主要成分，宾语、补语、状语等是句子的次要成分。主语(subject):句子说明的人或事物。Thesunrisesintheeast.(名词) Helikesdancing. (代词)Twentyyearsisashorttimeinhistory.(数词)Seeingisbelieving.(动名词)Toseeistobelieve.(不定式) Whatheneedsisabook.(主语从句)Itisveryclearthattheelephantisroundandtalllikeatree.(It形式主语，主语从句是真正主语)句子成分谓语(predicate):说明主语的动作、状态和特征英语中只有动词才能作谓语。WestudyEnglish. Heisasleep.宾语：1）动作的承受者-----动宾IlikeChina.(名词) Hehatesyou.(代词)Howmanydoyouneed?Weneedtwo.(数词)Weshouldhelptheoldandthepoor. Ienjoyworkingwithyou.(动名词)Ihopetoseeyouagain.(不定式) Didyouwritedownwhathesaid?(宾语从句)2）介词后的名词、代词和动名词-----介宾Areyouafraidof

thesnake? Under

thesnow,therearemanyrocks.3）双宾语-----间宾(指人)和直宾(指物)Hegaveme

abookyesterday. Givethepoorman

somemoney.定语：修饰或限制名词或代词的词、词组或句子。MissYangisachemistryteacher.(名词)Heisourfriend.(代词)Webelongtothethirdworld.(数词)Hewasadvisedtoteachthelazyboyalesson.(形容词)Themanoverthereismyoldfriend.(副词)Thewomanwithababyinherarmsismysister.(介词)TheboysplayingfootballareinClass2.(分词)Thetreesplantedlastyeararegrowingwellnow.(分词)Ihaveanideatodoitwell. (不定式)YoushoulddoeverythingthatIdo. (定语从句)状语：用来修饰v.,adj.,adv.,or句子。表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、程度、条件、方式、让步和伴随。

Iwillgothere

tomorrow. Themeetingwillbeheldinthemeetingroom.ThemeatwentbadbecauseofthehotweatherHestudieshard

tolearnEnglishwell.Hedidn’tstudyhard

sothathefailedintheexam. Ilikesomeofyouverymuch.Ifyoustudyhard,youwillpasstheexam. Hegoestoschool

bybike.Thoughheisyoung,hecandoitwell. Theteachercamein,withabookinhishand.地点，时间地点原因目的结果程度条件方式程度伴随宾补：对宾语的补充，全称为宾语补足语。Weelectedhimmonitor.(名词) Weallthinkitapitythatshedidn’tcomehere.Wewillmakethemhappy.(形容词) Wefoundnobodyin.(副词)Pleasemakeyourselfathome.(介词短语) Don’tlethimdothat.(省to不定式)Hisfatheradvisedhimtoteachthelazyboyalesson.(带to不定式)Don’tkeepthelightsburning.(现在分词)I’llhavemybikerepaired.(过去分词)主补：对主语的补充。Hewaselectedmonitor. Shewasfoundsinginginthenextroom.Hewasadvisedtoteachthelazyboyalesson.Tiredandsad,shetoldherstorytearfully.表语(predicative):系动词之后的成分，表示主语的性质、状态和特征。Heisateacher.(名词) Seventy-four!Youdon’tlookit.(代词)Fiveandfiveisten.(数词) Heisasleep.(形容词)Hisfatheris

in.(副词) Thepictureisonthewall.(介词短语)Mywatchisgone/missing/lost.(分词)Towearafloweris

tosayI’mpoor,Ican’tbuyaring.(不定式)Thequestioniswhethertheywillcome.(从句)Sentenceelements:subjects,verbs,objects,complementsandadverbials1.I

smile.(S+V)2.Thebraces

hurt

myteeth.(S+V+O)3.I

feel

embarrassed.(S+V+C)4.She

isdriving

me

mad.(S+V+O+C)5.I

saw

asicklady

twodaysago.(S+V+O+A)6.I

amstudying

athome.(S+V+A)1.I

smile.2.Thebraces

hurt

myteeth.3.Thebraces

havebrought

me

somuchtrouble.Thebraces

havebrought

somuchtroubleto

me.SVOIOIODODOThesubjectisthepersonofthingthatdoestheaction.Theobjectisthepersonorthingthatreceivestheactionoftheverb.Theverb

expressestheaction.Theindirectobjectisthepersonorthingthatreceivessomething.Thedirectobjectisthethingthatisreceived.下列动词后用to：bring，feed，give，hand，lend，offer，pass，pay，post，sell，send，show，take，teach，tell，write。下列动词后用for：book，buy，choose，cook，fetch，leave，make，order，pick，reserve，save。4.I

feelembarrassed.She

isdrivingmemad.SVOCSVCAlinkingverbThecomplementdescribesthesubject.Thecomplementdescribestheobject.ThingstorememberVerbssuchasfind,keepandmakeoftenusetheabovepattern.Itrytokeeptheroomtidy.Shemakesmeangry.5.I

sawasickladytwodaysago.I

amstudying

athome.SVOASVATheadverbialaddsinformationabouttime,place,etc.We’rehavingagreattime.Theweatherisfine.Wereallyenjoycamping.It’sgreatfun.Wesawmanysheeponthefarm.Welikethisplace.Let’smaketheworldmorebeautiful.Tellwhichsentenceelementtheunderlinedpartis.Task1(O)(S)(V)(C)(A)(O)(C)Readthesentenceswiththesentencestructures.cadbaS+VbS+V+OcS+V+O+CdS+V+AThatjobdrovemecrazy.Iagree.Shewillcomeat10p.m.Ihadsomemeat.Task2Underlinethetwoadverbialsineachsentence.PrinceCharlesopenedanewsportscentreinStokeyesterday.Healsospokewithseveralyoungpeople.Thesportscentrewasfirstplannedin1994.Naturally,thelocalcouncilcouldnotfinancetheprojectwithouthelp.Luckily,theymanagedtogetmoneyfromtheNationalLottery.Task3Lookatthepicturesbelow.Completethesentenceswiththewordsinbrackets.Addotherwordsifnecessary.GrammarexercisevisitshisbestfriendseveryweekendAlexshowedTomsome

newbooksinhisflatmadethemworriedAlexandTomwentoutforanhourreturnedlaterthatafternoonfeltverybad按括号内的要求划出句子成分。Shelovesbananas.(宾语)2.Theygavemearuler.(直接宾语)3.Pleasebringmeabooknexttime.(间接宾语)4.Thebadnewsmademeverysad.(谓语)5.Hetoldmetoarriveontime.(补语)6.Iamreadingbooksinthelibrary.(状语)7.Shegetsangry.(主语)Arrangethesewordstomakesentences1.was/old/dying/man/theTheoldmanwasdying.2.Taught/newwords/thestudents/thelecturer/many/toThelecturertaughtmanynewwordstothestudents3.damage/yourhair/somehairbrushes/maySomehairbrushesmaydamageyourhair.4.me/a/haircut/thebarber/gave/shortThebarbergavemeashorthaircut.5.Theshop/$100/paid/thecustomerThecustomerpaidtheshop$1006.interestingandexpansive/inthecity/canbe/both/lifeLifeinthecitycanbebothinterestingandexpansive7.it/make/yourhair/toooften/dry/may/shampooingShampooingyourhairtoooftenmaymakeitdry.8.myself/unlucky/thought/veryIthoughtmyselfveryunlucky.9.thetiredstudent/intheafternoon/anap/tookThetiredstudenttookanapintheafternoon.10.hiscar/toBeijing/drovehiscartoBeijing.ThesalesmandrovehiscartoBeijing.(1)Itisraining.(2)It’sgreatfun.(3)Welikethisplace.(4)Theweatherisfine.(5)Wewillenjoythetour.(6)We’rehavingagreattime.(7)Wesawmanysheeponthefarm.(8)Let’smaketheworldmorebeautiful.(V)(SubjectC)(O)(S)(V)(O)(A)(ObjectC)1.Whatsentenceelementsarethepartsunderlined?(S,V,O,A,C)Grammar—Senten