新发展英语（第二版）综合教程2 课件 Unit 11 Campus Cheats

CampusCheatsUnit11新发展英语2StudyFocusUnderstandhowcampuscheatshavebeensurging.2.Graspthe“catchsomebodydoingsomething”structureinthissentence:Heoncecaughtonestudentusinghiscellphonetosendanswerstoafriend’spager.3.Explainwhycheatingstudentsaremissingthepointofeducation.4.Illustratetheimportanceofacademicintegrity.

CONTENTS

IntensiveReadingSkillsBuildingFastReadingPartⅠPartⅡPartⅢPartⅠIntensiveReadingPartⅠPre-readingPreparationTextReadingComprehension1.Discussthefollowingquestionswithyourpartners.(1)Haveyouoryourclassmatesevercheatedontests?(2)Doyouknowwhatplagiarismis?PartⅠPre-readingPreparationTextReadingComprehension2.Readthefollowingsentencescarefullyandworkoutthemeaningoftheunderlinedwordsandexpressions.(1)ThousandsofmotoristsinNewJerseyarestoppedfortrafficoffence,andthenaresurprisedtobeinformedtheirlicenseissuspended.(2)AmediawatchdogstudyofbroadcastnetworksfindsTVviolenceissurging.Theincidentshaverisen75%since1998.(3)Sheevenwentsofarastoaccuseherpresentbossofcorruption.(4)Internationaldisputesshouldbesettledonthisbasis,withoutresortingtotheuseorthreatofforce.PartⅠPre-readingPreparationTextReadingComprehensionNewWordsandPhrasesDetailedLearningPartⅠTextReadingComprehensionPre-readingPreparationNewWordsandPhrasesDetailedLearningPartⅠTextReadingComprehensionPre-readingPreparationNewWordsandPhrasesDetailedLearningPartⅠTextReadingComprehensionPre-readingPreparationNewWordsandPhrasesDetailedLearningPartⅠTextReadingComprehensionLet’sPuttheHeatonCampusCheats1.JamesTaylorwasastonishedattherampantcheatingtakingplaceinhishistoryclassattheUniversityofArizona.Studentslookedovereachother’sshoulders,devisedcoughingcodestocommunicatetofriends,andflashedanswersonthebacksoftheirhandswhilepretendingtostretch.Translation1.亚利桑那州大学的James Taylor发现其历史课上学生作弊十分猖獗，这让他惊诧不已。学生们你看我的，我看你的，设计各种咳嗽暗号传送给朋友，还把答案写在手背上，在假装伸懒腰的时候迅速透露出去。Pre-readingPreparationNewWordsandPhrasesDetailedLearningPartⅠTextReadingComprehensionLet’sPuttheHeatonCampusCheats2.Heoncecaughtonestudentusinghiscellphonetosendanswerstoafriend’spager.Thecode“54*2,”forinstance,meanttheanswertoquestion54wasB.TaylorkickedthemoutofhisclassroomandgavebothanF.Translation2.有一次他抓住一个学生正用手机往朋友的传呼机上发答案。比如，代号“54*2”意味着第54题的答案是B。Taylor把他们轰出教室，判他们两个都不及格。Pre-readingPreparationNewWordsandPhrasesDetailedLearningPartⅠTextReadingComprehensionLet’sPuttheHeatonCampusCheats3.AtsmallMorningsideCollegeinSiouxCity,Iowa,philosophyprofessorHeatherReiddiscoveredcheatinginherintroductoryethicsclass.Twostudentsturnedinhomeworkassignmentsthatwerealmostidentical.Reidreportedtheincidenttotheacademicdean,leadingtoaninvestigation.OnestudentwassuspendedfromcollegeandgivenanFforthecourse.Translation3.爱荷华州苏城规模较小的Morningside学院哲学教授Heather Reid在她的伦理学入门课上发现有学生作弊。两名学生交上来的家庭作业几乎一模一样。Reid将此事报告教务长，于是校方作了调查。其中一名学生被勒令停学，此门课也作不及格处理。Pre-readingPreparationNewWordsandPhrasesDetailedLearningPartⅠTextReadingComprehension4.Incidentssuchasthesearealltoocommon.Inrecentyearsmanycollegesanduniversitieshavereportedasurgeinplagiarism,unauthorizedcollusiononassignmentsandcheatingontests.Translation4.诸如此类的事情司空见惯。近几年来，许多大学均报告剽窃、未经许可的合作作业和考试作弊现象迅猛增长。Pre-readingPreparationNewWordsandPhrasesDetailedLearningPartⅠTextReadingComprehension5.Inresearchconductedat31schoolsoverthepastdecade,RutgersUniversityprofessorDonaldMcCabehasfoundthatnearly70percentofstudentsadmittocheatingatsomepointduringcollege,withover15percentreportingthattheywere,inMcCabe’swords,“serious,repetitivecheaters.”Translation5.

Rutgers大学的Donald McCabe教授在过去的10年中，对31所学校进行了一项研究，发现几乎70%的学生承认大学期间的某个时候有过作弊，15%以上的学生自曝是，用McCabe的话说，“严重型、反复型作弊者”。Pre-readingPreparationNewWordsandPhrasesDetailedLearningPartⅠTextReadingComprehension6.Whilethissurgehasbeenblamedonmanyfactors,includingadecliningemphasisonmoralvaluesinthehomeandschool,withoutquestionit’smucheasiertocheatthanever.WiththeInternet,studentshaveaccesstoatreasure-troveofinformationtheycanpinchastheylike.“There’sacowboyfeelingabouttheInternetthattheinformationisoutthereforeverybodytouseastheyseefit,”saysMicheleGoldfarb,directoroftheOfficeofStudentConductattheUniversityofPennsylvania.Translation6.虽然作弊的迅猛增长可归咎于许多方面的因素，包括家庭和学校对道德价值观的重视程度下降，但毫无疑问，现在要作弊比以往任何时候都来得容易是原因之一。有了因特网，学生们可以进入一个信息的宝库，随心所欲地各取所需而不说明出处。“关于因特网，人们存在着一种无赖心理，认为那里的信息任人利用，只要他们觉得恰当，”宾西法尼亚州大学德育处Michele Goldfarb如是说。Pre-readingPreparationNewWordsandPhrasesDetailedLearningPartⅠTextReadingComprehension7.Inacompositionclass,UniversityofTexasinstructorSharanDanielaskedstudentstowriteanevaluativeargument,whichcouldincludereviewingacontemporaryfilm.OnestudentchoseaBruceWillismovie.Translation7.得克萨斯州大学讲师Sharan Daniel在一堂作文课上曾要求学生写一篇评论性议论文，可以包括当代电影影评。有位学生选择Bruce Willis的电影。Pre-readingPreparationNewWordsandPhrasesDetailedLearningPartⅠTextReadingComprehension8.Danielsuspectedplagiarismwhenthepaperturnedinwasdifferentinstylefromthestudent’spreviouswork.ShedidasearchontheInternetandfoundthereviewthestudenthadliftedinitsentirety.Translation8.文章交上来时发现与该生以往文风不同，Daniel怀疑是剽窃。她在因特网上进行了搜查，结果显示该影评属全文照搬。Pre-readingPreparationNewWordsandPhrasesDetailedLearningPartⅠTextReadingComprehension9.Therearehundredsofwebsites,withnameslikeSandCollegeTermP,whichofferready-madeessaysontopicsrangingfromanthropologytozoology.Somesitesarefree,aslongasyoucontributeapaperofyourown,whileotherschargeanythingfromamodestmembershipfeetoover$100apaper.Translation9.互联网上像

和CollegeTermP这样的网址数以百计，可以提供从字母A（如anthropology人类学）到字母Z（如zoology动物学）涵盖各种话题的现成论文。部分网址免费，只要你提交一篇自己的文章，而其他的则收取从很少的会员费到每篇100多美元不等的费用。Pre-readingPreparationNewWordsandPhrasesDetailedLearningPartⅠTextReadingComprehension10.Studentsalsogetpapersdirectlyfromtheirpeers.Asthesemester-endapproaches,theonlinemessageboardsandchatroomsonmanywebsitesfillwithrequestsforpapersfromdesperatestudents.Translation10.学生们也可以从同学处直接抄袭。随着学期临近结束，许多网上公告栏和聊天室充斥着焦急的学生征求论文的帖子。Pre-readingPreparationNewWordsandPhrasesDetailedLearningPartⅠTextReadingComprehension11.ThewebsiteoftheEvilHouseofCheatboasts2,000dailyvisitors.Thereyoucanpickuptipsonhowtocheatonexamsandreadcommentsfrompeopledescribedassatisfiedusers,likeonestudentwhosaidhehadraisedhisgrade-pointaveragefromD-toaB+afterhepaidhis$9.95annualmembershipfee.Translation11.某个名叫“作弊魔窟”的网址每天拥有2,000名访问者。这里你可以找到考试作弊诀窍，也可以看到来自某些被描写成“满意用户”所作出的评论。有位学生声称付了9.95美元年费后，平均分从D-提高到B+。Pre-readingPreparationNewWordsandPhrasesDetailedLearningPartⅠTextReadingComprehension12.Manyoftheterm-papersitesincludeastatementthattheworkis“forresearchonly.”Butthosedisclaimersareregardedasajoke.Translation12 许多有关学期论文的网站都声明他们的服务仅供研究使用，但此类免责声明均被视为玩笑而已。Pre-readingPreparationNewWordsandPhrasesDetailedLearningPartⅠTextReadingComprehension13.Expertssaythatacademiccheatingbeginsasearlyasmiddleschool,andoftenbecomesawell-honedhabitbyhighschool.Arecentsurveyof3100high-achievingstudentsbyWho’sWhoAmongAmericanHighSchoolStudentsrevealedthat80percentofthenation’sbestandbrightestadmittedcheatinginschool,upfivepercentfromtheyearbefore.Translation13.专家认为大学生作弊早在初中便已开始，到了高中已成陋习。根据《美国高中生名人录》最近对3,100名优秀学生所进行的一项调查，美国80％最优秀、最聪明的高中生承认在校作弊，比前一年增加了5个百分点。Pre-readingPreparationNewWordsandPhrasesDetailedLearningPartⅠTextReadingComprehension14.Somerationalizethatit’sokaytocheatifthecourseisnotintheirmajorbutisrequiredforgraduating.Othersassumeit’savictimlessoffense.OneUniversityofTexasstudent,inapostingonanInternetforumoncheating,wentsofarastodefenditasalegitimateformoflearning.“Ipersonallydon’tcheatunlessIlearnsomethingfromit,”thestudentwrote.“Ifthatinvolveslookingatoneanswerinaquiz,Ithinkthepersonismorelikelytorememberthatoneanswersincetheyhadtoresorttocheatingtoobtainit.”Translation14.有些人辩解说，如果这门课程不是主修课，而考试纯粹是为了毕业，那么作弊无可厚非。也有人认为作弊是无害过错。在一个关于作弊的网上论坛中，得克萨斯大学的一名学生甚至还在邮件中替作弊辩护，声称作弊是一种合理的学习方法。“我个人从不作弊，除非我能从中学到东西，”这位学生写到，“如果作弊意味着看一下小测验的答案，我认为作弊者能把答案记得更牢，因为答案是无奈之下通过作弊手段获得的。”Pre-readingPreparationNewWordsandPhrasesDetailedLearningPartⅠTextReadingComprehension1.Let’sPuttheHeatonCampusCheats.(Title)theheat（非正式）表示pressure,criticism“压力，批评”，故本文题目译成“谴责校园作弊”。Pre-readingPreparationBackNewWordsandPhrasesDetailedLearningPartⅠTextReadingComprehension2.JamesTaylorwasastonishedattherampantcheatingtakingplaceinhishistoryclassattheUniversityofArizona.(Para.1)astonish与startle,shock,stun,amaze,alarm均含“令人惊讶”的意思，稍有不同的是：astonish和startle是指“令人非常惊讶”，如：a.Whatastonishesmemostishiscompletelackoffear.令我非常惊讶的是他毫无畏惧。b.Wewereastonishedtofindthetemplestillinitsoriginalcondition.发现寺庙完好如初，我们感到十分惊讶。c.Hiswordshadastartlingeffectonthechildren.他的话在孩子们身上产生的作用令人惊讶不已。Pre-readingPreparationBackNewWordsandPhrasesDetailedLearningPartⅠTextReadingComprehension2.JamesTaylorwasastonishedattherampantcheatingtakingplaceinhishistoryclassattheUniversityofArizona.(Para.1)shock:（不好的事）使人震惊，骇人，令人怵目惊心；stun:使人发愣，目瞪口呆，不知所措。shock和stun都有“使人休克，昏迷”的意思。如：a.Iwasshockedtohearthenewsofhissuddendeath.听到他猝死的噩耗，我十分震惊。b.Shewasstandingstunnedandintears.她站在那里，目瞪口呆，泪流满面。Pre-readingPreparationBackNewWordsandPhrasesDetailedLearningPartⅠTextReadingComprehension2.JamesTaylorwasastonishedattherampantcheatingtakingplaceinhishistoryclassattheUniversityofArizona.(Para.1)amaze通常指（好的事情）令人惊奇；alarm使人惊慌，不安a.Shehasanamazingtalentformusic.她在音乐方面有着惊人的才华。b.IwasamazedthathehadmadesuchrapidprogressinEnglish.他的英语进步迅速，令我惊讶。Pre-readingPreparationBackNewWordsandPhrasesDetailedLearningPartⅠTextReadingComprehension2.JamesTaylorwasastonishedattherampantcheatingtakingplaceinhishistoryclassattheUniversityofArizona.(Para.1)这些词的ing形式+ly都具有“非常，极度”的意思，例如：astonishinglybeautiful,startlinglypale,shockinglyshortstories,asurprisinglyeasyexam需要指出的是，使用这类词汇常有三种句型：a.Iwassurprised/amazed,etc.at.../that.../tolearnthat...b.Itisshocking/surprising,etc.tothinkthat...c.Tomysurprise,amazement,astonishment,etc.,Ilearnedthat...Pre-readingPreparationBackNewWordsandPhrasesDetailedLearningPartⅠPre-readingPreparationTextReadingComprehension3.Studentslookedovereachother’sshoulders,devisedcoughingcodestocommunicatetofriends,andflashedanswersonthebacksoftheirhandswhilepretendingtostretch.(Para.1)1)句中looked...,devised...,andflashed...是并列结构。两个或两个以上用and,or,but等互相连接又属于同一层次具有相同句法功能的语言结构叫做并列结构，可作主语、谓语、宾语、主语补语、状语等。如：a.I’dlikeasandwich,anice-cream,andacupofcoffee.我要一块三明治，一个冰淇淋，还有一杯咖啡。b.Heistall,dark,andlean.他又高又黑又瘦。c.Theysatdowntodinner,drinking,eating,andsmokingmerrily.他们坐下来吃饭，愉快地喝着，吃着，还抽起烟来。d.Heskippedmyclasspartlybecausehewasillandpartlybecausehewaslazy.他逃我的课部分原因是因为他病了，部分原因是因为他懒。e.Hesaidthathewasbusytodaybutthathewouldbefreetomorrow.他说他今天很忙，但明天会有空。BackNewWordsandPhrasesDetailedLearningPartⅠPre-readingPreparationTextReadingComprehension3.Studentslookedovereachother’sshoulders,devisedcoughingcodestocommunicatetofriends,andflashedanswersonthebacksoftheirhandswhilepretendingtostretch.(Para.1)2)communicate的宾语是coughingcodes，即communicatecoughingcodestofriends，注意与communicatewith不同，后者指“与……联系，沟通”，如：Wecommunicatewitheachotherbyletter(telephone/email).我们通过书信（电话/电邮）相互联系。3)whilepretendingtostretch是状语从句的省略，连词后省略theywere,又如：a.If(itis)carefullydone,theexperimentwillbesuccessful.如果小心，试验会成功的。b.Don’tspeakuntil(youare)spokento.别人不跟你讲话，你就不要跟别人讲话。c.Hewillworkhardwherever(heis)sentbyhiscompany.无论公司派他去哪里，他都会努力工作。BackNewWordsandPhrasesDetailedLearningPartⅠPre-readingPreparationTextReadingComprehension4.Heoncecaughtonestudentusinghiscellphonetosendanswerstoafriend’spager.(Para.2)catch是感观动词，所以用作宾语补语的use，由于onestudent是其逻辑主语，须用-ing形式。还有更多的例句：a.Ifeltsomebodypattingmeontheshoulder.我感到有人拍我的肩膀。b.Listentothebirdssinging.倾听鸟的鸣叫。c.Canyousmellanythingburning?你闻见什么烧起来了吗？BackNewWordsandPhrasesDetailedLearningPartⅠTextReadingComprehension两点值得注意：1)上述现在分词表示动作的进行，如若表示全过程，则用不带to的不定式，如：a.Ididn’tseetheballbreakthewindow.我没看到球砸坏窗户。b.Iwatchedhercrossthestreet.我看着她穿过马路。2)如句中宾语是其后宾语补语的逻辑宾语，则用过去分词，如：a.Hefelthiseyesdazzledbythebrightlight.他感到明亮的光线使得他眼花目眩。b.Wefoundhergreatlychanged.我们发现她的变化很大。Pre-readingPreparationBackNewWordsandPhrasesDetailedLearningPartⅠTextReadingComprehension5.Thecode“54*2,”forinstance,meanttheanswertoquestion54wasB.(Para.2)answer后的介词是to而不是of,类似的还有：asolutiontothatproblem,thekeytoadoor,notestothetext,awitnesstothemurder,theprefacetoabook,abriefintroductiontoNanjingMedicalUniversity(但是，theintroductionofanewproductfromabroad是指外国新产品的引进)Pre-readingPreparationBackNewWordsandPhrasesDetailedLearningPartⅠTextReadingComprehension6.TaylorkickedthemoutofhisclassroomandgavebothanF.(Para.2)F发元音，故前面的冠词是an，同理，anMA是指amasterofarts。Pre-readingPreparationBackNewWordsandPhrasesDetailedLearningPartⅠTextReadingComprehension7.Twostudentsturnedinhomeworkassignmentsthatwerealmostidentical.(Para.3)英语中almost使用频率较高。almost常用于all,always,nothing,everyone等词前，意思同nearly,virtually,practically,justabout。AlmostallthepeopleinNanjingweremobilizedtoservethe10thNationalGamesheldinthatcity.几乎所有的南京人都被动员起来为在这座城市举行的十运会服务。Pre-readingPreparationBackNewWordsandPhrasesDetailedLearningPartⅠTextReadingComprehension8.Incidentssuchasthesearealltoocommon.(Para.4)alltoo:（遗憾地）太过于……，例如：Thetripendedalltoosoon.这次旅行结束得太早了。关于too还有一些词和句子需要记住：a.I’monlytoopleasedtobeabletogetbackhome.能回到家，我真高兴。b.Thismusicalisnonetooappealingtotheaudience.这部音乐剧对观众一点吸引力也没有。c.I’mafraidthatthiscapismuchtoobigforme．这顶帽子我戴恐怕太大了。Pre-readingPreparationBackNewWordsandPhrasesDetailedLearningPartⅠ9.Inresearchconductedat31schoolsoverthepastdecade,RutgersUniversityprofessorDonaldMcCabehasfoundthatnearly70percentofstudentsadmittocheatingatsomepointduringcollege,withover15percentreportingthattheywere,inMcCabe’swords,“serious,repetitivecheaters.”(Para.5)1)admittodoingsomething同confesstodoingsomething，作“坦白”讲，to可以省略。to用作介词而非不定式符号，故后跟-ing形式，而不是动词原形。这样的短语很多，如：lookforwardto,beusedto,beaccustomedto,taketo,whenitcomesto,resortto,consentto2)withover15percentreporting...是独立主格结构。Pre-readingPreparationBackTextReadingComprehensionNewWordsandPhrasesDetailedLearningPartⅠ10.Whilethissurgehasbeenblamedonmanyfactors,includingadecliningemphasisonmoralvaluesinthehomeandschool,withoutquestionit’smucheasiertocheat.(Para.6)1)while:conj.虽然Whilesheisalikeablegirl,shecanbeextremelydifficulttoworkwith.虽然她是个可爱的姑娘，但有可能很难共事。2)beblamedon:归咎于，由……引起。blame的常见搭配是：a.You’renottoblameforwhathappened.所发生的事情不怪你。b.Thereportblamespoorsafetystandardsfortheaccident.报告把这起事故归咎于安全水平低。Pre-readingPreparationBackTextReadingComprehensionNewWordsandPhrasesDetailedLearningPartⅠ3)decline:v.减少，下降，衰退decliningprices价格下降；declininghealth健康每况愈下介宾短语为onthedeclinedecline还指“婉言谢绝”，如：declineaninvitation/anoffer/aproposal,etc.婉言谢绝邀请/馈赠/建议等4)withoutquestion:毫无疑问Marilynwas,withoutquestion,averybeautifulwoman.毫无疑问，玛丽琳是个非常漂亮的女人。不同于outofthequestion:不可能的，不允许的Youcan’tgototheweddinginthatoldshirt—it’squiteoutofthequestion.你不能穿那件旧衬衫去参加婚礼，那是绝对不可以的。Pre-readingPreparationBackTextReadingComprehensionNewWordsandPhrasesDetailedLearningPartⅠ11.WiththeInternet,studentshaveaccesstoatreasure-troveofinformationtheycanpinchastheylike.(Para.6)1)have/gainaccessto:1)有权得到；2)有权进入a.AccesstothepapersisrestrictedtoDefenseDepartmentpersonnelonly.能接触到这些文件的仅限国防部人员。b.GrowingnumbersofyoungpeopleinChinacanhaveaccesstohighereducation.越来越多的中国年轻人可以上大学。2)treasure-trove:n.贵重的发现（物），句中是单位词，用作隐语，如：arainofbullets枪林弹雨；aseaoftrouble满腹烦恼；ariverofblood血流成河Pre-readingPreparationBackTextReadingComprehensionNewWordsandPhrasesDetailedLearningPartⅠ11.WiththeInternet,studentshaveaccesstoatreasure-troveofinformationtheycanpinchastheylike.(Para.6)3)pinch:vt.文中指偷，骗取。attribution是指消息出处，消息来源。attribution还是attribute的名词形式，所以又可解释为“归因”。如：Hewassaidtohavecausedtheaccident,buttheattributionprovedtobewrong.据说那起事故是他引起的，但该指责证实是错的。Pre-readingPreparationBackTextReadingComprehensionNewWordsandPhrasesDetailedLearningPartⅠ12.“There’sacowboyfeelingabouttheInternetthattheinformationisoutthereforeverybodytouseastheyseefit,”saysMicheleGoldfarb,directoroftheOfficeofStudentConductattheUniversityofPennsylvania.(Para.6)1)cowboy:n.牛仔，在此可意译为“无赖”。2)conduct:v.&n.多义词，通常用作动词，重音在第二个音节：表示perform,do,carryout,如：conductanoperation/asurvey/anexperiment/aninquiryPre-readingPreparationBackTextReadingComprehensionNewWordsandPhrasesDetailedLearningPartⅠ12.“There’sacowboyfeelingabouttheInternetthattheinformationisoutthereforeverybodytouseastheyseefit,”saysMicheleGoldfarb,directoroftheOfficeofStudentConductattheUniversityofPennsylvania.(Para.6)本句中是不可数名词，重音在第一音节，表示thewaysomeonebehaves品行，操守，如：amanofgoodconduct品行端正的人；therulesofconduct行为准则；shamefulconduct可耻的行为。同一单词常因词性不同而重读音节也不同，本课这样的词还有：survey,suspect。Pre-readingPreparationBackTextReadingComprehensionNewWordsandPhrasesDetailedLearningPartⅠ13.Danielsuspectedplagiarismwhenthepaperturnedinwasdifferentinstylefromthestudent’spreviouswork.(Para.8)句中instyle插入wasdifferentfrom中间，是插入成分。为了寻求句子结构平衡，有时一些修饰附加词语会强行插入到原应紧密连接的成分中。如：a.theleadingprovider,worldwide,ofsoftwareforpersonalcomputer世界范围内的个人计算机软件主要供货商b.Hewas—tomeatleast,ifnottoyou—afigurethatwasworthhavingpityon.至少我觉得如此，即使你不这样认为，他是一个值得同情的人。c.Thisdeskissuperiorincolortothatone.这张桌子的颜色比那张好Pre-readingPreparationBackTextReadingComprehensionNewWordsandPhrasesDetailedLearningPartⅠ13.Danielsuspectedplagiarismwhenthepaperturnedinwasdifferentinstylefromthestudent’spreviouswork.(Para.8)d.Hislazinesshascontributedatleastinparttohisfailureinthefinalexamination.他期末考试不及格部分原因是他懒惰。e.Governmentshouldplacefew,ifany,restrictionsonscientificresearch.就算政府对科学研究有限制，也应该很少。f.SomeotherAsiancountriesaresimilarinmanyrespectstoChina.一些其他亚洲国家在许多方面与中国相似。Pre-readingPreparationBackTextReadingComprehensionNewWordsandPhrasesDetailedLearningPartⅠ14.ShedidasearchontheInternetandfoundthereviewthestudenthadliftedinitsentirety.(Para.8)inits/theirentirety:整个儿Ifpublished,itmustbepublishedinitsentirety.要出版，就要全部出版。Pre-readingPreparationBackTextReadingComprehensionCulturalNotesNewWordsandPhrasesDetailedLearningPartⅠ15.Therearehundredsofwebsites,withnameslikeSchoolsucks.ComandCollegeTermP,whichofferreadymadeessaysontopicsrangingfromanthropologytozoology.(Para.9)rangefrom...to...:从……到……不等a.Theshoesrangeinpricefrom$25to$100.这些鞋子的价格从25美元到100美元不等。b.Thepatientsadmittedtothiswardrangedinagefromsixmonthsto88.这个病房收治的病人从半岁到88岁不等。c.Therewere120studentswhoseagesrangedfrom10to18.有120名学生，年龄从10岁到18岁不等。Pre-readingPreparationBackTextReadingComprehensionNewWordsandPhrasesDetailedLearningPartⅠ16.ThewebsiteoftheEvilHouseofCheatboasts2000dailyvisitors.(Para.11)boast:v.以拥有……而自豪a.FewteamscanboastsuchagoodrecordinEuropeanfootball.在欧洲足球史上很少有球队能有如此辉煌的纪录。b.ThehotelsboastthefinestviewinWales.这些旅馆拥有威尔士最好的风景。Pre-readingPreparationBackTextReadingComprehensionNewWordsandPhrasesDetailedLearningPartⅠ17.Arecentsurveyof3100high-achievingstudentsbyWho’sWhoAmongAmericanHighSchoolStudentsrevealedthat80percentofthenation’sbestandbrightestadmittedcheatinginschool,upfivepercentfromtheyearbefore.(Para.13)这一句型常见于科技论文等书面语，如：Abriefreviewofmedicalliteraturenowavailablesuggests/reveals/indicates/showsthat...我们对现有的医学文献进行了简要的综述，结果发现……Pre-readingPreparationBackTextReadingComprehensionNewWordsandPhrasesDetailedLearningPartⅠ18.“Ifthatinvolveslookingatoneansweronaquiz,Ithinkthepersonismorelikelytorememberthatoneanswersincetheyhadtoresorttocheatingtoobtainit.”(Para.14)1)involve:v.需要，意味着，涉及到，后应跟动词的-ing形式。a.Tobeanurseinvolvesworkingonthenightshift.做护士就得上夜班。b.ToacceptthejobinvolvesmovingtoLondon.接受这份工作就意味着要去伦敦。Pre-readingPreparationBackTextReadingComprehensionNewWordsandPhrasesDetailedLearningPartⅠ18.“Ifthatinvolveslookingatoneansweronaquiz,Ithinkthepersonismorelikelytorememberthatoneanswersincetheyhadtoresorttocheatingtoobtainit.”(Para.14)2)resortto:诉诸，凭借（通常不好的东西）；短语为asalastresort作为最后一招a.Sallyresortedtostealingwhenhermoneyranout.钱用完了，萨利就去偷。b.Drugtreatmentshouldonlybeusedasalastresort.药物治疗应该只是到最后才使用。Pre-readingPreparationBackTextReadingComprehensionNewWordsandPhrasesDetailedLearningPartⅠTextReadingAnalysisInformationRecallandSummaryInformationOrganizationChoosethebestanswertoeachofthefollowingquestionsorstatementsaccordingtothetext.1.Thepassageismainlyabout

.A.crimesontheInternet.B.solutionstocampuscheats.C.popularityofstudentcheating.D.accusationofplagiarismPre-readingPreparationReadingComprehensionTeamWorkPartⅠTextReadingAnalysis2.AmericanstudentscheatbyallthefollowingmeansEXCEPT

.A.communicatingcoughingcodesB.surfingtheInternetC.buyingtestpapersD.sendingshortmessages3.SomepeoplefindcampusplagiarismNOT

.A.rationalB.commonC.harmlessD.illegalPre-readingPreparationReadingComprehensionInformationRecallandSummaryInformationOrganizationTeamWorkPartⅠReadingAnalysis4.Accordingtotheauthor,the

ischieflytoblameforgrowingstudentplagiarism.A.teacherB.studentC.InternetD.moraldecline5.Fromthetextwecaninferthat

.A.Praisecanhelpimproverelationshipsbetweenpeople.B.Praisecanensureahappyfamilylife.C.Praisecanencouragechildrentobehavewell.D.Praisecanworkmiraclesinpeoplewithpoorself-image.Pre-readingPreparationTextReadingComprehensionInformationRecallandSummaryInformationOrganizationTeamWorkPartⅠInformationRecallandSummary1Answerthefollowingquestionsbasedonthetextyouhaveread.Whowassurprisedatthesightofhisstudentscheatinginhishistoryclass?(2)Inwhatclassdidaphilosophyteacheralsodiscovercheating?Introductoryethics.JamesTaylorattheUniversityofArizona.Pre-readingPreparationTextReadingComprehensionReadingAnalysisInformationOrganizationTeamWorkPartⅠInformationRecallandSummary1Answerthefollowingquestionsbasedonthetextyouhaveread.(3)What’sthepercentageofstudentswhoadmittedtocheatingsometimeduringcollegeinthesurveybyaRutgersUniversityprofessor?(4)WhatdoesMicheleGoldfarbcomparecampuscheatersto?Cowboys.Nearly70%,andover15%wereserious,repetitivecheaters.Pre-readingPreparationTextReadingComprehensionReadingAnalysisInformationOrganizationTeamWorkPartⅠInformationRecallandSummary1Answerthefollowingquestionsbasedonthetextyouhaveread.(5)HowcouldSharanDanielrealizeherstudentshadcheatedher?(6)WhendoAmericanstudentsusuallybegintheircampuscheating?Asearlyasmiddleschool.Thepaperturnedinwasdifferentinstylefromthestudent’spreviouswork.Pre-readingPreparationTextReadingComprehensionReadingAnalysisInformationOrganizationTeamWorkPartⅠInformationRecallandSummary2Writeabriefsummaryofthetext.Compareyoursummarywiththatofyourpartner.Inthistext,theauthorrevealsaseverephenomenonofcampuscheatspopularintheUnitedStates.Apartfromadecliningemphasisonmoralvalues,theauthorclaims,thesurgeofacademiccheatingshouldbemainlyattributedtotheeasyaccesstotheInternet,wherestudentscangetwhatevertheyneedintermsofassignmentsorexams.Finally,hepointsoutthatthebadhabitbeginsevenatmiddleschoolandthatfewstudentshaverealizeditsgravity.Pre-readingPreparationTextReadingComprehensionReadingAnalysisInformationOrganizationTeamWorkPartⅠInformationOrganizationCompletethefollowingtableaccordingtothetext.Centralidea:Wemustlearntogivepraisesinceitcanbenefitthegiveraswellasthereceiver.Pre-readingPreparationTextReadingComprehensionInformationRecallandSummaryReadingAnalysisTeamWorkTopicsSupportingDetailsSurgeinCampusCheats(Paras.1-5)JamesTaylorwasastonishedat

.HeatherReiddiscovered