钢结构材料的类型Typesofsteelstructura

钢结构材料的类型Typesofsteelstructuralmaterials鸟巢作为2008年北京奥运会的主体育场，是我国钢结构建筑中的标志性建筑。TheBird'sNest,asthemainstadiumofthe2008BeijingOlympics,isalandmarkbuildinginChina'ssteelstructurearchitecture.仅鸟巢外部钢结构的搭建就使用了4.2万吨钢材，而且全部为国产钢！使用的绝大部分为Q345D型号的钢材，局部受力大的部位采用了Q460钢材。TheconstructionoftheexternalsteelstructureoftheBird'sNestaloneused42000tonsofsteel,allofwhichweredomesticallyproduced!ThevastmajorityofthesteelusedisQ345Dsteel,andQ460steelisusedinpartswithhighstress.在钢结构设计时，会根据钢结构建筑的重要性、荷载情况、结构形式等，选择不同类型的钢材。Inthedesignofsteelstructures,differenttypesofsteelwillbeselectedbasedontheimportance,loadconditions,structuralform,etc.ofthesteelstructurebuilding.人需要在厄运中不断磨砺自己、锻炼自己的意志，为了自己的理想努力奋斗，最终百炼成钢。Peopleneedtoconstantlyhonethemselvesandexercisetheirwillpowerinthefaceofadversity,workhardfortheirideals,andultimatelyrefineintosteel按冶炼时脱氧程度沸腾钢F半镇静钢bZ特殊镇静钢TZ镇静钢Z镇静钢和特殊镇静钢的代号可以省去。AccordingtothedegreeofdeoxidationduringsmeltingBoilingsteelFSemikilledsteelbZKilledsteelZSpecialkilledsteelTZThecodesforkilledsteelandspecialkilledsteelcanbeomitted3.优质碳素结构钢1.碳素结构钢2.低合金高强度结构钢钢结构用钢品种TypesofsteelusedforsteelstructurescarbonstructuralsteelHighstrengthlowalloystructuralsteelHighqualitycarbonstructuralsteel1.钢结构碳素钢碳素钢的牌号GradeofcarbonsteelQ屈服点的数值

质量等级符号

脱氧方法符号

195215235255275ABCD

FZbTZ碳素钢一般指碳钢。

碳钢是含碳量在0.02%~2.0%之间。SteelstructurecarbonsteelCarbonsteelgenerallyreferstocarbonsteel.Carbonsteelhasacarboncontentbetween0.02%and2.0%.ValueofyieldpointQualitylevelsymbolSymbolfordeoxygenationmethodQ235-C屈服点为235MPa的C级镇静钢Q235—D屈服点为235MPa的D级特殊镇静钢Q235-A-F屈服点为235MPa的A级沸腾钢Q235—A-b屈服点为235MPa的A级半镇静钢镇静和特殊镇静钢的代号“Z”、“TZ”可以省略，C级钢为镇静钢、D级钢为特殊镇静钢，脱氧方法的代号也可以省略。Thecodes"Z"and"TZ"forkilledandspecialkilledsteelscanbeomitted.C-gradesteeliskilledsteel,D-gradesteelisspecialkilledsteel,andthecodefordeoxidationmethodcanalsobeomitted.A-gradeboilingsteelwithayieldpointof235MPaGradeAsemikilledsteelwithayieldpointof235MPaC-gradekilledsteelwithayieldpointof235MPaD-gradespecialkilledsteelwithayieldpointof235MPa8概

念低合金高强度结构钢是在钢的冶炼过程中添加少量的几种合金元素(含碳量均不大于0.02%，合金元素总量不大于0.05%),使钢的强度明显提高,故称低合金高强度结构钢。2.低合金高强度结构钢HighstrengthlowalloystructuralsteelConceptsLowalloyhigh-strengthstructuralsteelisatypeofsteelthatsignificantlyincreasesitsstrengthbyaddingasmallamountofseveralalloyingelements(withacarboncontentofnomorethan0.02%andatotalalloyingelementcontentofnomorethan0.05%)duringthesmeltingprocess.Therefore,itiscalledlowalloyhigh-strengthstructuralsteel.2.低合金高强度结构钢低合金高强度结构钢Q屈服点的数值

质量等级符号

脱氧方法符号

295345390420460

ABCDE

ZTZHighstrengthlowalloystructuralsteelHighstrengthlowalloystructuralsteelValueofyieldpointQualitylevelsymbolSymbolfordeoxygenationmethodQ345-D屈服点为345MPa的D级低合金高强度结构钢。D-gradelowalloyhigh-strengthstructuralsteelwithayieldpointof345MPa.Q345-D11汉语拼音字母（GJ)代表高性能建筑结构用钢Q345GJCQ345GJC属于建筑结构用钢板,简称高建钢,是低合金高强度钢。Q345GJCbelongstothesteelplateforbuildingstructures,abbreviatedashighconstructionsteel,andisalowalloyhigh-strengthsteel.345——屈服点的数值C——质量等级TheChinesePinyinLetter(GJ)representshigh-performancesteelforbuildingstructures345-ValueofyieldpointC-Qualitylevel低合金钢主要用于轧制各种型钢、钢板、钢管及钢筋。广泛的应用于钢结构和钢筋混凝土结构中。型钢钢板钢管SectionsteelsteelplateSteelpipeLowalloysteelismainlyusedforrollingvarioussections,steelplates,steelpipes,andsteelbars.Widelyusedinsteelandreinforcedconcretestructures.133.优质碳素钢概念：优质碳素结构钢是含碳小于0.8%的碳素钢，这种钢中所含的硫、磷及非金属夹杂物比碳素结构钢少，机械性能较为优良。Concept:Highqualitycarbonstructuralsteelisacarbonsteelwithacarboncontentoflessthan0.8%.Thissteelcontainslesssulfur,phosphorus,andnon-metallicinclusionsthancarbonstructuralsteel,andhasbettermechanicalproperties.应用：在工程中一般用于生产预应力混凝土用钢丝、钢绞线、锚具，以及高强度螺栓、重要结构的钢铸件等。Application:Generallyusedinengineeringtoproducesteelwires,steelstrands,anchorsforprestressedconcrete,aswellashigh-strengthboltsandimportantstructuralsteelcastings.HighqualitycarbonsteelH：表示淬透性钢H：Denoteshardenabilitysteel14优质碳素钢平均碳含量

较高含锰量

钢材冶金质量

脱氧方式

用途/特性/工艺方法

万分之几记例如：08F：平均含碳量为0.08%Forexample,08Fhasanaveragecarboncontentof0.08%较高含锰量的优质碳素钢。如65MnHighqualitycarbonsteelwithhighmanganesecontent.Forexample,65MnA：高级优质碳素钢E：特级优质碳素钢A:HighqualitycarbonsteelE:PremiumqualitycarbonsteelFbZZ通常省略50MnE表示平均碳含量为0.5%，较高含锰量的镇静特级优质碳素钢。Representsakilledspecialgradehigh-qualitycarbonsteelwithanaveragecarboncontentof0.5%andahighermanganesecontent.ZisusuallyomittedPurpose/Characteristics/ProcessMethodDeoxygenationmethodMetallurgicalqualityofsteelHighmanganesecontentAveragecarboncontentHighqualitycarbonsteel15对于30~45号钢优质碳索结构钢主要用于重型结构的钢铸件及高强螺栓，65~80号钢主婴用于预应力混凝上碳素钢续、刻痕钢丝和钢纹线。Forhigh-qualitycarbonca