2025届中考英语复习第三篇中考题型实战第38课语法填空基础知识

PAGEPAGE1第38课语法填空解题策略方法依据浙江省近3年中考真题可知，语法填空分为依据上下文在空白处填入一个适当的词或用括号中所给词的正确形式填空。一、依据上下文在空白处填入一个适当的词，常考查冠词、介词、连词、宾语从句引导词，定语从句关系词和感叹句引导词等，针对以上的考查点，考生可实行以下方法：1.冠词：依据语境，若空白处后的名词表示单数概念，且该空表泛指或特指，则考虑用冠词。表泛指用不定冠词a/an，若该名词以元音音素开头，用不定冠词an，以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a。表特指用定冠词the。2.介词：浙江省语法填空对介词的考查包括介词的基本用法（见第23课常用介词的主要用法）和介词的固定搭配。常见的介词固定搭配有：（1）动词与介词的搭配comeupwith想出（2024·绍兴中考67题）；waitfor等待（2024·绍兴中考67题/金华中考68题）；lookforwardto盼望；lookafter照看；takecareof照看；takepridein为……傲慢；spend...on在……上花费；comefrom来自……（2024·衢州中考64题）（2）形容词和介词搭配bedifferentfrom与……不同（2024·杭州中考53题）；begoodat擅长于；beharmfulto对……有害；bebusywith忙于；beangrywith对……生气；beproudof以……为傲慢（3）名词与介词的搭配attheageof在某人……岁时（2024·衢州中考）；toone’ssurprise使某人惊讶的是；inEnglish用英语（2024·丽水中考68题）；onfoot步行；bybike骑车；byaccident偶然；bymistake无意；infact事实上；onone’swayto...在某人去……的路上（4）其他常见介词短语thesameas和……一样；insteadof代替；asfor至于；nextto紧挨着；becauseof因为3.连词：对于连词的考查，首先要分析连词所连接的两个句子之间的关系，从而确定该用并列连词还是从属连词（见第24课连词的用法）。常考查的连词有：when当……时候（2024·衢州中考69题）；so...that...如此……以至于……（2024·台州中考62题）；so因此（2024·台州中考64题）；because因为（2024·衢州中考69题）；since自从（2024·丽水中考66题）；not...until...直到……才……（直到）；though虽然；but但是（2024·绍兴中考70题）。4.宾语从句引导词和定语从句关系词（详细见第31课宾语从句和宾语从句的用法）。5.感叹句：感叹句常见的结构有：（1）what+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数（+主语+谓语）！（2）what+形容词+可数名词复数/不行数名词（+主语+谓语）！（3）How+形容词/副词（+主语+谓语）！假如感叹名词，用what（a/an）（2024·绍兴中考69题）；假如感叹形容词，用how（2024·嘉兴中考48题）。6.常考句型It’s+adj.+forsb.todosth.做某事对于某人来说……（2024·绍兴中考66题）。二、用所给词的适当形式填空常考查动词的被动语态（2024·衢州中考70题，台州中考67题）、动词的现在完成时（2024·绍兴中考65题）、动词不定式（2024·绍兴中考69题）、动词的固定搭配（2024·衢州中考68题）、动词的一般过去时（2024·绍兴中考68题）、动词一般现在时的三单形式、动词一般将来时、情态动词表推想等；常考查形容词的比较级（2024·绍兴中考63题）、最高级（2024·金华中考63题）和相应副词形式（2024·宁波中考59题）；常考查名词的复数（2024·杭州中考59题）和全部格；常考查代词的五种（主格、宾格、形容词性物主代词、名词性物主代词、反身代词）形式互换（2024·金华、丽水中考61题）。当堂检测A（2024·湖州市吴兴区中考模拟）阅读下面短文，依据句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或运用括号中词语的正确形式填空（每空不多于3个单词）。StephenHawking,whowasborninEnglandin1942,diedattheageof76.Hewasoneofthe1_________（great）scientistsonspaceandtimeintheworld.Hawkingspenthiswholelife2_________（study）howtheuniversestartedandhowitwillend.WhenhestudiedmathandscienceatOxfordUniversity,hegotaseriousillness3_________madehimunabletospeakorbreathe.Healsocouldn’tmoveordress4（he）.However,hehad5_________wheelchairwithaspecialcomputer,withwhichhecouldcommunicatewithothers.Thoughhewasfacingallthese6_________（difficulty）,herefusedtogiveuphishopeofliving.Becauseofhisillness,itwasdifficult7_________himtodrawdiagramsortowrite.Sohe8_________（begin）thinkinginpictures.Withthisnewwayofthinking,heisrespectedbypeopleintheworld.OncehewasinvitedtoChinatogivelectures.We9_________（touch）byhisself-confidenceandhumorousconversationdeeply.Heoncesaid,“Whensomethingunfairhappens,10_________isnothingtoworryabout!Youjusthavetodothebestinyourownsituation.”B（2024·绍兴中考）阅读下面短文，依据句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或运用括号中词语的正确形式填空（每空不多于3个单词）。MalalaYousafzai,19,isaPakistaniyouthactivist.Sheisthe1_________（young）personintheworldevertobenamedUnitedNations（U.N.）Messenger（信使）ofPeace.TheUnitedNationsis2_________internationalorganization,whichismeanttoencourage3_________（country）toworktogetherondifferentopinionswithouttheuseofwar.Yousafzaihas4_________（glad）acceptedtheroleofworkingforgirls’education.Usually,amessenger5_________（stay）intheposition（职位）forthreeyears.“If6_________wanttoseeyourfuturebright,youhavetostartworkingnowandnotwait7_________anyoneelse,”shesaidattheacceptancemeetinginNewYork.In2012,YousafzaiwasnearlykilledbytheTalibanbecausesheworkedhard8_________（get）thesameeducationforyounggirlsinPakistan.Butlaterherconditionimproved.9_________abravegirl!SincethenYousafzai10（become）asymbolofpeaceandgirls’righttoreceiveaneducation.C（衢州中考）阅读下面短文，依据句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或运用括号中词语的正确形式填空（每空不多于3个单词）。Dannyhasahobby—playinggamesonline.Heisinterested1_________solvingpuzzles.Heparticularlyenjoyschattingtoothergamers.NowDanny2_________（sit）quietlyinfrontofhiscomputer.Hismotherthinksheisdoinghishomework,3_________sheiswrong.DannyisactuallysurfingtheInternet,solvingpuzzlesandchattingtoothergamersaroundtheworld.“4_________funnyitis!”Dannythinks.Whyaregamesonlinesointeresting?“5_________Icanpretendtobeadifferentperson.Therearealsomanydifferent6_________（kind）ofgamesformetoplay,”saysDanny.“Otherpeoplelovetoplaythesegamesbecausetheycanplayatanytime.Theydonotneedtoorganizeagroup.Someoneintheworldalwayswants7_________（play）.”Startingagameonlineisnoteasy.Somegamers8_________（not）welcomenewgamers.Theywillbecomeangrywhennewgamersaskthemquestions.Othergamersarehelpful.Theywanttomakenewfriends.WhenDannyhas9_________question,healwayssays,“Excuseme,areyoubusy?IamnewatthisgameandIneedsomehelp.”Sometimesthis10_________（work）.Atothertimes,however,thegamerattheotherendmakesyoufeellikeafool.

参考答案当堂检测A：1.greatest 2.studying 3.that/which 4.himselfa 6.difficulties 7.for