高中英语条件句虚拟语气语法详解

条件句中1/42英语动词有

种语气

陈说语气祈使语气

虚拟语气用来表示说话不是事实，或者是不太可能发生情况，而是一个愿望，提议，假设语气叫虚拟语气。三2/42区分:Ifit

rainstomorrow,thecrops

will

besaved.

Ifit

rained

tomorrow,thecrops

would

besaved. 陈说语气虚拟语气3/42

条件句中虚拟语气考点

1、基本使用方法；2、混合条件句；3、虚拟条件句省略和倒装4、含蓄条件句;4/42if引导虚拟条件句5/42主从句谓语形式时间If从句谓语形式主句谓语形式现在过去未来did/werehaddonewould/could/should/might+V.(原)would/could/should/might+have+p.p.1.did/were2.shoulddo3.weretodowould/could/should/might+V.(原)6/42虚拟语气[例句]Ifyouhadcomeafewminutesearlier,youwouldhavemethim.

要是你早来几分钟话，你就能见到他了。(与过去事实相反)2.Ifitweresunnytomorrow,Iwouldcometoseeyou.

明天要是天气好话，我来看你。(与未来事实可能相反)3.IfIwereyou,Iwouldgoatonce.

假如我是你话，我会马上走。(与现在事实相反，实际上我不可能是你)虚拟语气在在条件从句中7/42混合条件句:有时主句和从句动作发生在不一样时间，这时主、从句谓语动词虚拟语气形式因时间不一样而不一样，这就叫混合条件句。8/42Ifthestaffhadbeenmorecareful,

themallwouldnotbeonfirenow.9/42Ifyouyourfather’advice,hadtakenYouinthetrafficjamnow.wouldn’thavetrapped10/42If+主+did(were),主+would/should/could/might+动词原形IfIwereyou,Iwouldtryitagain.1.假如我是你，我会再试一次。2.假如我有一百万美元，我会买下这架飞机。IfIhadonemilliondollars,Iwouldbuytheplane.与现在事实相反虚拟条件句11/42If+主+haddonesth,主+would/should/could/might

+动词完成式（havedone）Ifhehadworkedhard,hewouldhavepassedtheexamination.1.假如他努力学话，他就经过这次考试。IfIhadmarriedher,Iwouldhavebeenunhappy.2.要是当初我和她结了婚话，那我是很不幸。与过去事实相反虚拟条件句12/42与未来事实相反虚拟条件句(通常有时间状语)Ifhecameheretomorrow,Iwouldtellhimaboutit.Ifheweretocomeheretomorrow,Iwould

tellhim.1.假如他明天来话,我会告诉他这件事.2.假如他明天来话,我会告诉他.If+主+did(wereto/shoulddo),主+would/should/could/might+动词原形13/42假如我是你，我就听从他提议。IfIwereyou,Iwouldhavetakenhisadvice.从句表示现在，主句表示过去假如你听我话，现在就不会这么糟糕了。从句表示过去，主句表示现在假如这些天一直没下雨，我们现在能够进行工作了。从句表过去进行，主句表现在进行Ifyouhadlistenedtome,youmightnotbeinsuchtroublenow.Ifithadn’tbeenrainingthosedays,weshouldbegoingonwiththeworks.14/42Ifyouhadfollowedmyadvice,youwouldbeabletofinishtheworknow.假如你当初听了我话，现在就能完成这份工作了。（从句说明过去，主句说明现在。）IfIwereyou,Iwouldhavegonetoherbirthdayparty.假如我是你，我就去参加她生日晚会了。（从句说明现在，主句说明过去。）

15/42Ifyouhadn’tlentmesomemoney,Icouldn’thaveboughtthenewhouseandmostlikelyIwouldbe

stilllivinginthedangeroushousenow.假若你不借钱给我，我不可能买下这幢新房，很可能现在还住在危房里。（从句说明过去，主句说明过去和现在。）16/421.假如过去天气好话，现在庄稼长得更加好了．Iftheweather____________finer,thecrops_______________________stillbetter.2.假如你听了老师提议话，你现在就不会在医院里了．Ifyou_______________theteacher’sadvice,you______________inthehospital.3.假如你身体情况好一些话，我们本可能会让你去帮助他们工作．Ifyou

inbetterhealth,we_________________youtogotheretohelptheirwork.hadbeencouldhaveallowedwouldbegrowinghadfollowedwouldn’tbewere17/42If虚拟句省略和倒装18/42假如条件状语中有were,had,should时,能够省略if倒装成：Were/Should/Had

+主+其它WereIyou,

…

Hadhebeenthereyesterday,

…Shoulditsnowtomorrow,

…IfIwereyou,Iwouldtryitagain.Ifhehadbeenthereyesterday,hewouldhaveseenthefilm.Ifitshouldsnowtomorrow,wewouldn’tgoout.假如我是你，我会再试一次。假如他昨天在那儿话，他就会看那部电影了。假如明天下雪，我们就不出去了。19/421.____theexam,hewouldhaveattendacollege.A.IfhepassedB.HadhepassedC.WerehepassedD.Ifheshouldpass2.___fiveminutesearlier,youcouldhaveseenthemoff.A.IfyoushouldarriveB.IfyouarriveC.HadyouarrivedD.Shouldyouarrive20/42

含蓄条件句

21/42有时假设情况并不以条件从句表示出来，而是隐含在一些词或短语中，如，otherwise,without,butfor等，或者从上下文中表示出来，这种情况叫含蓄条件句，主句要用虚拟语气。22/42Eg.Without/Butforyourhelp,wewouldnot

havemadesuchrapidprogress.1.Iwasillthatday.0therwise,I_________________(take)partinthesportsmeet.2.I_______________(give)youmorehelp,butIwastoobusy.3.Amanwhostoppeddrinking_________(be)deadinsevendays.4.Butforwater,it________(be)impossibletoliveinthedesert.wouldhavetakenmighthavegiven

wouldbe

wouldbe

23/421.条件暗含在短语中。如：

WhatwouldIhavedonewithoutyou?(条件暗含在分词短语withoutyou中)

Itwouldbeeasiertodoitthisway.(条件暗含在不定式短语todoitthisway中)

Butforyourhelpwecouldn’thavesucceededintheexperiment.(暗含条件是butforyourhelp)

24/42Thissamething,happeninginwartime,wouldleadtoadisaster.(条件暗含在分词短语happeninginwartime中)Hestudiedhardathighschool,orhecouldn’thaveenteredBeijingUniversity.(暗含条件是连词or)Alone,hewouldhavebeenterrified.(暗含条件是alone)25/422.条件暗含在上下文中。如：

Youmightstayhereforever.(可能暗含ifyouwantedto)

Wewouldhavesucceeded.(可能暗含ifwehadkepttrying)

Yourreputationwouldberuined.(可能暗含ifyoushouldacceptit)

Iwouldappreciatealittleofyourtime.(可能暗含ifyouweresokindastogivemealittleofyourtime)

26/42虚拟语气Alan___thepartyifhehadgonetoLondon.A.wouldhavemissedB.hadmissedC.wouldmissD.missed2.IfIhadknownyouwerecoming,I___youattheairport.A.hadmetB.metC.wouldmeetD.wouldhavemetMoreExercisesAD27/42虚拟语气6.Simonlooksasthoughhenever___asquaremeal(吃得饱),thoughhisparentsfeedhimverywell.A.getB.gettingC.gotD.shouldget7.HeistalkingsomuchaboutAmericaasifhe___there.A.hadbeenB.wereC.wasD.been8.I___yousomemoney,butIhadn’tgotanythen.A.wouldlendB.wouldhavelentC.couldlendD.mayhavelentCAB28/42

Ifyouhadtoldmeinadvance,I_____himattheairport.

A.wouldmeet

B.wouldhadmet

C.wouldhavemet

D.wouldhavemeet29/42______Iyou,Iwouldgowithhimtotheparty.

A.Was B.Hadbeen

C.Willbe D.Were

Ifit______tomorrow,Iwouldn’tattendtheparty.

A.rainB.rains

C.hadrainedD.weretorain

30/42IwouldhavegonetothemeetingifI_____time.

A.hadhadB.havehad

C.hadD.wouldhavehad

Hadyoulistenedtothedoctor，you________allright.

A.are

B.were

C.wouldbe

D.wouldhavebeen

31/42Withoutsunlight,orwaterorair,there___nolifeontheearth.AwillhaveBwouldbeCcanbeDmustbeButforthesnow,we___earlier.AwillarriveBwouldhavearrivedCarriveDarrived32/42高考冲刺33/421.Ifhe

myadvice,hewouldn‘thavelosthisjob.(,天津)

A.followed B.shouldfollow

C.hadfollowedD.wouldfollow

2.Johnwenttothehospitalalone.Ifhe______meaboutit,Iwouldhavegonewithhim.(,重庆)

A.shouldtellB.tells

C.toldD.hadtold

34/423.Ifwe___theotherroad,wemighthavearrivedhereintimeforthemeeting.

(,陕西)

A.takeB.hadtaken

C.tookD.havetaken

4.HadIknownaboutthiscomputerprogram,ahugeamountoftimeandenergy

.

(,浙江)

A.wouldhavebeensaved B.hadbeensaved

C.willbesaved D.wassaved35/425.Hewasverybusyyesterday,otherwisehe____tothemeeting.A.wouldcomeB.cameC.wouldhavecomeD.hadcome

6.Withoutelectricity,humanlife_____quitedifferenttoday.A.isB.willbeC.wouldhavebeenD.wouldbe7.---Whydidn’tyoucometothepartyyesterday?

---Iwould

have,butanunexpectedvisitor___toseeme.

A.came

B.wouldcom