热点02 社会生活及个人经历（阅读理解之完形填空题）（原题版）

热点02社会生活及个人经历阅读理解之完形填空题上海中考英语完形填空以记叙文或夹叙夹议为主，主题语境包括人与自我，人与社会，人与自然。完形填空旨在全面考查考生英语基础知识，阅读理解能力，和综合运用语言的能力完形填空的命题原则是“以实词为主，虚词为辅，突出词汇语境化”能够掌握足够的词汇量，正确运用词类和词语的正确搭配。具有一定的语言运用能力，综合分析能力和词汇辨析能力、阅读理解能力、逻辑推理和判断能力，归纳能力。1..扎实的语法、词汇、短语、惯用法等英语固定搭配的知识。特别是英语词汇意义和用法的辨析能力。在阅读中捕捉记忆相关信息的能力。2.分析认识文章结构，理解领会文章各部分、各层次之间逻辑关系的能力。4.逻辑思维能力。特别是总结概括、推理判断和分析归纳的能力。包括情景推理判断、常识推理判断、逆向推理判断及比较推理判断等。

1.语义优先于语法原则文章的开头部分尤其是第一句话不设空格，它起到的作用是对所选短文的题材和可能涉及的内容作简单的介绍或提示，并且单纯的语法题已从该题型中逐渐消失。如果一味按照语法规则来选择答案，就必定陷入了答题误区。2.词内选项句内找原则四个选择项要么都是词义相近的名词单数或复数，要么都是近义动词的同一时态等，只能根据上下文的语境作出正确的选择。如果提供的四个选择项词义相差悬殊，则上文或下文肯定有答题提示，有时第一个空格要读完全文才能回答。【应试技巧】1.快速弄清文章大意对于此类文章我们结合选择项，进行粗读或略读,对文章的大意要先有一个大体的了解。说明文往往生词较多，而题材又比较广泛，所以阅读时，首先要能够掌握文章的大意。2.弄清楚说明的顺序把握了说明顺序，就能准确把握文章的脉络，加强对整篇文章的理解。3.把握文章的组织结构，理清事实细节把握语篇特征对理解文意与答题极为有利。说明性的文章一般都是一篇完整的、意思表达清楚的、逻辑比较严密的短文。在阅读这类文章时，我们一定要仔细研读文章的开头和结尾，从主题句着手，找出支持句，然后寻找文章的结论。这时，我们还要特别注意，不要被表面的一些细节所迷惑，我们在理解细节的基础上，还要斟酌文字的内涵意义，从而对文章进行深层次的理解。4.注重上下文语境应逐句精读短文，逐题分析选项，对特定的语境作深入的理解，克服"思维定势"，根据全文大意和词不离句、句不离文的原则逐项填空。一、Choosethebestanswerandcompletethepassage(选择最恰当的选项完成短文)GloriaisafamoushostessofaTVstation.Whenshewas15,shehappenedtowalkintoabookstoreinherhometownandbeganlookingatthebooksontheshelves.Themanbehindthecounter,JohnSmith,askedifshe’dlikeajob.Sheneededtostart1forcollege,soshesaidyes.Gloriaworkedafterschoolandduringsummerholidays,andthejobhelpedpayforherfirstyearofcollege.Duringcollegeshewoulddomanyotherjobs:sheservedcoffeeinthestudentunion,andshewasahotelcleanerandevenmademapsfortheForestService.But2bookswasoneofthemostsatisfyingjobs.OnedayawomancameintothebookstoreandaskedGloriaforbooksoncancer.Thewomanseemedupset.Gloriashowedherpracticallyeverythingtheyhadandfoundotherbookstheycouldorder.Thewomanleftthestore3,andGloriahasalwaysrememberedtheprideshefeltinhavinghelpedhercustomers.Yearslater,asatelevisionhostess,Gloriaheardofachildwhowasbornwithproblemswithhisfingersandhand.Hisfamilycouldnot4anoperation,andtheboylivedinshame,hidinghishandinhispocketallthetime.Gloriapersuaded(说服)herbosstoagreetoletherdothestory.Afterthestorywasbroadcast,somedoctorscalled,offeringtoperformtheoperation5.Gloriavisitedtheboyinthehospitalaftertheoperation.Thefirstthinghedidwastoraisehisrepairedhandandsay,“Thankyou.”WhatasweetsenseofsatisfactionGloriafelt!AtSmith’sbookstore,Gloriaalwaysrealizedshewasworkingforthecustomers,notthestore.Todayit’sthesame.TheTVstationpaysher,butshefeelsthatsheshouldworkforthepeoplewhowatchtheprogrammes,helpingthemunderstandthe6better.1．A．saving B．studying C．surveying D．making2．A．borrowing B．lending C．reading D．selling3．A．moreexcited B．lessworried C．quiteinterested D．verysurprised4．A．do B．offer C．afford D．give5．A．inreturn B．onbusiness C．withpleasure D．forfree6．A．TVstation B．hostesses C．world D．operation二、Choosethebestanswerandcompletethepassage(选择最恰当的选项完成短文)Emilywasateenagerandlivedwithherparents.Sheandherbestfriend,Kim,foundoutthattheirfavoritebandwouldgiveaconcertintheirtownonFridaynight.Theyreallywantedtogo,buttheydidn’tthinktheirparentswouldagree.EmilyexplainedtoherparentsthatshewantedtogototheconcertwithKim,buttheythoughtthatshewastooyoungtogowithout7.EmilytoldKimthatshecouldnotgototheconcert,butherfriend’sanswerwasareal8toEmily.KimtoldhermumshewouldstudywithfriendsonFriday.“Ireallydonotwanttobedishonestwithmyparents,”Emilytoldherfriend.“Oh,9actinglikealittlekid!Everyonelies,”Kimreplied.ButEmilywasnotsosure.Shethoughtthathonestywasveryimportant.Emilyneverfeltcomfortablelying,andherparentsalwaystoldherthatitwaswrong.OnThursday,KiminvitedEmilyovertoherhousetowatchamovieafterschool.Whentheygotthere,Kimandhermothergotintoafight.EmilyrealizedthatKimliedtohermother10andhermotherdidnottrusther.Emilyhadtogobackhome.Asshewalkedhome,sherememberedthatKimalwaystoldherhowterribleherrelationshipwithhermotherwas.Kimthoughthermotherdidnotunderstandher,butEmilythoughtmaybeKim’smotherwasjust11Kimbeingdishonestwithher.Emilydecidedshewouldnotlietoherparentsabouttheconcert.Therewouldbelotsofconcertsinthefuture,buttheyweretheonlyParentsshewouldeverhave.Sheknewitwasbettertohonorthemandhelpthembecauseherparentstrustedher,letherdo12ofthethingsthatshewantedtodo,andshereallypreferreditthatway.7．A．teachers B．friends C．adults D．relatives8．A．promise B．impression C．experience D．surprise9．A．continue B．stop C．enjoy D．hate10．A．allthetime B．atthesametime C．forthetimebeing D．aheadoftime11．A．fondof B．satisfiedwith C．usedto D．tiredof12．A．none B．few C．most D．all三、Choosethebestanswerandcompletethepassage(选择最恰当的选项完成短文)Teenagersliveverybusylivesnowandoftenforgettothinkabouttheirdietsandexercise.Infact,healthydietalongwithregularexerciseistheonlywaytokeepfit.Duringyourteenageyears,givingyourbodytheenergythatitneedsis13.Teenagegirlsneedabout2,200calories(千卡热量)adaywhileboysneedabit14—doctorssuggest2,800forteenageboys.50%ofyourcaloriesshouldcome15rice,bread,vegetablesandfruit.You16needtodrinkalotofwater,6to8glassesaday.Drinkingenoughwaterwillimproveyourskinandgiveyouhealthyhair.Exerciseissomethingthatcanhelpyou.17,itcanmakeyoulookgood,feelgoodandbehealthy.Expertssuggestthatteenagersshouldspendatleast30minutesexercising,fivetimesaweek.Whenyouexercise,yourbodyproducessomethingthatmakesyoufeelrelaxed.Itcanevenhelpyou18betteratnightandletyoupaymoreattentionwhenyoustudy!13．A．important B．hard C．difficult D．comfortable14．A．less B．fewer C．more D．much15．A．from B．for C．to D．into16．A．but B．only C．hardly D．also17．A．Asif B．Like C．Suchas D．Forexample18．A．wake. B．sleep C．move D．laugh四、Choosethebestanswerandcompletethepassage(选择最恰当的选项完成短文)WealwayscelebratedDad’sbirthdayonThanksgivingDayevenafterheenteredanursinghome.Whenweknewitmightbehislastbirthday,thewholefamilydecidedto19forahugebirthdaycelebrationatthenursinghome.Dadwasagoodstorytellerandwewerealwayshislisteners.Duringaquietmoment,Iannounceditwasnos.Dad’sturntolistentosomestoriesfora20.IwantedeveryonetotellDadwhatwelovedabouthim.Theroombecamequiet.Thenoneafteranother,peopletoldstoriesfromtheirhearts,whileDad21withtearsineyes.Peoplerecalledkindsofstories—storiesaboutwhentheywerelittle,storiesaboutwhenDadwasyoung,andstoriesthatsharedfamilytreasures.Everyoneseemedtohavemorethanonestory.Eventhelittlegrandchildrencouldn’twaittotellDadwhytheylovedhim.Foramanwhohadbeenkindtosomanyhundredsofpeopleinhislife,herewasourchancetotellhimhowmuchwelovehim.Afewmonthslater,atDad’smemorialservice,wemorefully22whatwehadgiventoDadthatnight.Thosearethestoriespeoplenormallytellatafuneral(葬礼)afteralovedoneisnolongeralivetohearthewords.Theytellstoriesfulloftears.23wehadgiventhosememoriestoDadinhislife,andwehadtoldthemthroughlaughter,togetherwithhugsandjoy.Hehadthemtoholdandenjoyedthemfromtimetotimeinhismindduringhislastdaysandmonths.Wordsdomatter,andtheyare24.Wejustneedtosaythempubliclytotheoneswelove.That’sthewaystogivebackloveandthat’sourchancetocelebrateapersoninhisorherlife.19．A．dressup B．eatout C．gettogether D．havefun20．A．change B．choice C．break D．business21．A．confused B．listened C．expected D．cheered22．A．complained B．imagined C．hoped D．realized23．A．Again B．Even C．But D．Just24．A．interesting B．enough C．funny D．simple五、Choosethebestanswerandcompletethepassage(选择最恰当的选项完成短文)Itwasyearbook(学校年刊)dayandweweregivenanhourtosigneachother’syearbookinthe

cafeteria(自助餐厅).IwaspresidentoftheclassandIplayedsports.WhenIsatdownatatable,peoplestartedtocomeovertogettheiryearbookssignedandtosignmine.Amongthem,aweakboywithuglyteethandthickglasseskeptshaking.Ihadseenhimaround,andIknewhewasalways25.Hedidn’tseemsureofhimself,andwassopalethatithurtustolookathim.Hecameupandaskedme26,“Canyousignthis?”IlookhisyearbookbutIdidn’tknowwhattowrite.Isawthattherewasthename“RickySanders”writtenonthefrontofit.SoIwrote:Ricky.Ithinkyou’reareallynicekid,andIhopeyouhavelotsoffuninyoursummervacation.Signature:Will(Signyournamehere)IputdowntheyearbookandturnedaroundtogetsomesignaturesfromsomeofmyfriendswhenInoticedmyyearbookwasgone.IsawthatRickyhadsatdownwithmyyearbook.“Whatareyoudoing?”Iaskedhim.Helookedupcalmlyand27said“Sign!”Myfriendslaughedloudlyatonce,andIsawthathewascarefullytryingtoputasignatureinmyyearbook.Hehadn’tevenfinishedthe“R”yet.Ithoughtforawhileand28tolethimsign.IttookhimnearlyfiveminutestosignandwhenIgotmyyearbookback,therewasaveryshaky“RICKY”.Hehuggedhisyearbookandsmiled.Icouldn’thelpbutsmilebackathim.Inthatmoment,myattitude(态度)changedcompletely.Igavehimahighfiveandsuddenly29atmytablewantedhissignature.Hewasaskedpolitelytowriteintheiryearbooksandthesignaturepagesofhisyearbookwerefiledup.Hewassmilingsobigthatitlitupthewholeroom.Ichangedschoolsthenextyear,andIneversawRickyagain.30,Iwillneverforgetthedaythathebecamethemostpopularguyinschool.WheneverI’msad,Istilllookbackatthatyearbook.25．A．laughedat B．lookedafter C．dependedon D．wakenup26．A．happily B．sadly C．nervously D．clearly27．A．still B．ever C．even D．just28．A．decided B．meant C．began D．prepared29．A．nobody B．anyone C．everyone D．someone30．A．Inaddition B．However C．Asaresult D．Finally一、Choosethebestanswerandcompletethepassage(选择最恰当的选项完成短文)Doyoueverfindyourselfdoingsomethingwithoutthinkingaboutit?Wedolotsofthingsautomatically,outofhabitratherthanforanygoodreason.Learningto1healthynewhabitscanhelpyoutoreachyourgoals.Ahabitissomethingyoudooften,almostwithoutthinking.Scientistssaythathabitsareformedinthebrainandincludeacause,actionandareward.IfyouhaveahabitofwatchingTVwhenyougethomefromschool,thecausewouldbecomehomefromschool;the2isturningontheTV;andtheremightbethehappy,relaxedfeelingfromwatchingyourfavoriteprogram.Thisgoodfeelingmakesyouwanttodothesamethingafterschoolthenextdaytoo,andovertimeitcanbecomeahabit.Turningsomethingintoahabitmeansyoudon’thaveto3it,whichisgoodnewswhenit’shealthy.Goodhabitscanhelpguardagainstbadonestoo,suchasworrying.Scientistsbelievethatnearlyhalfofeverythingwedoeverydayisoutofhabit,soforming4habitsisalsoagreatwaytohelpyoutoreachyourgoals.DrRadhaModgilnotesthatit’simportanttothinkaboutwhyyouwanttochange.“What5doyouwanttoachieve,andhowareyougoingtodoit?”sheasks.Whenit’stimetobegin,“Trythe1%idea,whereeverydayyouimproveorchange6by1%.Thatwayyoustarttoseeprogressandyou’renotputoffbyfailure”.Rememberthatformingnewhabitsisn’talwayseasybutitwillbeworthitintheend.“Changinghabitscanchangeyourlife”,saysModgil.1．A．observe B．create C．enrich D．control2．A．action B．solution C．stress D．thought3．A．lookup B．dependon C．thinkabout D．completewith4．A．patient B．wonderful C．unusual D．helpful5．A．exactly B．completely C．luckily D．directly6．A．anything B．everything C．something D．nothing二、Choosethebestanswerandcompletethepassage(选择最恰当的选项完成短文)It’scommontowondersometimes,“Whatifsomethingturnsoutbadly?”It’simportanttounderstandthatideaandmanageitsothatyoudon’tgetstuckintheworry.Worryingaboutthefutureisa7partoflife.Fromtimetotime,everyonewonderswhatwouldhappenifsomethingdoesn’tgotoplan:“WhatifImakeamistake?”or“Whatifeveryone8me?”These“what-if”worriesfocusonanegativeresult.Whenyouspendalotoftimeworryingaboutbadthingsthatcouldhappen,you’reimaginingthatthefuturecouldbea(n)9.Spendingalotoftimethinkingabout“what-if”makesyoufeelanxious(焦虑的)andworried.Forexample,youmightfeelupsetanditcanmakeithardtofocusonwhatyou’redoing.Therearedifferentwaysyoucanhelpyourself.AngelaMcMillansuggestscreatingan“if/then”plan.Shesays,“Forexample,Ifyouhavetostandupinfrontoftheclass,Thenyouwilltakesomedeepbreathsand10yourselfyouhavepreparedandyou’reOK,orIfthesocialeventisreallynoisyandyoufeeluncomfortable,Thenyoucanstepoutsideforafewminutes.“Youcanalsoaskyourselfhowlikelyitisto11happen.McMillanpointsoutthatmostworriesneverhappen.“Remembertheyarejustthoughtsandthebravestthingwecandoistonotlettheworry12.“shesays.Trytofocusyourattentiononwhatyou’redoing.Gettingangrywithyourselfwillmakeyoufeelworse,sobekindtoyourself.7．A．normal B．dramatic C．pleasant D．simple8．A．dependson B．believesin C．laughsat D．learnsfrom9．A．adventure B．surprise C．goal D．disaster10．A．help B．understand C．judge D．remind11．A．actually B．exactly C．certainly D．immediately12．A．arrive B．win C．end D．think三、Choosethebestanswerandcompletethepassage(选择最恰当的选项完成短文)ShouldpeoplewalkwheretheywantInmostofEngland,walkersarelimitedtofootpaths.Morethan100musicians,actorsandwriterswrotetotheUKgovernment,“Inthebookswewrite,thesongswesing,theartwemake,wecelebratetheimportantconnectionthatwefeelwithnature.Butthatconnectionis13bythefencesthatsurround(围绕)muchofEngland’sland,stoppingpeoplefromwalkingfree.”Althoughin2000,alawwaspassedtoallowpeopletowalkaround8%ofEngland’scountryside.Somepeoplesaythisisn’tgoodenough.Otherspointoutthattherearebusinessesthatneedtokeepthelandprivate.Whatdoyouthink?Shouldpeoplebeallowedtowalkwherevertheylike?YES!—NaturebelongstoeveryoneNowadaysitisimportantforpeopletotakeawalkoutdoors—fortheirmentalandphysicalhealth.Itencouragespeopleandbringsthem14andrelaxation.Yetthisspaceisnotenoughandisnowsurroundedbyfences.Togetclosertonature,mostpeoplehavetotravelformiles.Everyoneshouldbeabletogetclosetonature15.Bluesky,flyingbirdsandgreentree-linedpathsshouldnotbelongtoanyprivateorganizationorperson.Butthetruthisthatsuchasmallnumberofpeopleownsuchhugeamountsofland.AmongeveryeightBritishhouses,onehasnogardens.Thisisn’t16.NO!—ThewalkingpathsareenoughThelandisn’tjustforpeople’senjoymentorhealth.Formanypeople,itmeansfamily’swhole-yearincome.17,farmersneedfieldstokeeptheiranimals,likesheeporbulls,foraliving.Also,itisn’tsafeforwalkerstowalkaroundbecausethelandmayhavemanyhidden18suchaswetlandsandsnakes.Moreover,walkersdonotalwaysshowtheirrespect.Theyleavegatesopen,littereverywhere,scareoffbirdsandstandoverplants.Infact,manypeoplearenotreallylookingforaconnectionwiththewild.Theyjustwantashortwalkwiththenicescenery.Thegovernmentshouldfocusonmakingpathsforwalkersandleavetherestofthelandalone.13．A．rebuilt B．blocked C．linked D．supported14．A．pleasure B．progress C．wisdom D．reference15．A．faithfully B．carefully C．safely D．easily16．A．common B．flexible C．fair D．guilty17．A．Afterall B．Forexample C．What’smore D．Asaresult18．A．memories B．enemies C．secrets D．dangers四、Choosethebestanswerandcompletethepassage(选择最恰当的选项完成短文)Manyteensaren’tgettingenoughsleep.AccordingtoaU.S.survey,morethanoneinfiveteenshavedifficultyfallingasleeporstayingasleep.Here,some19experts(专家)areofferingtipstohelpteensgetabetternight’ssleep.SonalMalhotraSmallchangescanoftenmakeabigdifference.Trychangingonebadsleephabitatatime.Forexample,20havingabigmealclosetobedtimeormakesureyourroomisdarkandcomfortable.It’snotpossibletochangeeverythingallatonce.Ifyoucanchangeonehabitevenseveralnightsaweek,that’sgreat.LisaDamourWehaveplentyofresearchshowinghowdamagingtechnologyistosleep.Noone—childrenoradults—shouldhaveaphoneintheirbedroomatnight.Ifthat’stoohardforyou,youcanstartwithsomeeasierwaysto21thedamageofnighttimescreentime.Passiveuse,likewatchingashow,isbetterthanactiveuse,likegaming.JudithOwensManyofyouliketogetuplate22.Thiscanaffectyourweekdaysleep.OnSundaynight,youhaven’tbeenawakelongenoughtofallasleepattherighttime.You’llthenhavetroublegettingupforschoolonMondaymorning.Thenyourwholesleepschedulejustgetsoutof23.DaveAndersonLikeadults,someteensmayhavealotof24ontheirminds:“Oh,no!Istillhavesomuchworktodo.IfIdon’tgetenoughsleep,I’llfailmytesttomorrow!”Ifyouareoneoftheseteens,trykeepingadiary.Writedownwhatyoudidtodayandwhatyouplantodotomorrow.Youcanalsojustwriteaboutyourworries.Itcanhelpyougetridofthem.19．A．computer B．insurance C．health D．gardening20．A．avoid B．enjoy C．finish D．keep21．A．cause B．compare C．r