《新大学英语·综合教程3 》课件-B3U3 Embracing the Value of Doubt

EmbracingtheValueofDoubtEmbracingtheValueofDoubtEmbracingtheValueofDoubtUnit3CONTENTSLearningObjectivesAbouttheTextsPre-readingDiscussionTextATextBLearningObjectivesStudentsaresupposedtousecorrectlyrhetoricalquestionsand“one”asapronoun;learnhowtoconstructargumentsofone’sownthroughreasoning;understandthevalueofdoubtandtheadverseeffectofworshippingdisbelief.AbouttheTextsThetwotextsinthisunitaimtourgestudentstoweighthevalueofdoubtagainsttheadverseeffectofworshippingdisbelief.Undoubtedly,itisimportanttocultivatestudents’criticalthinkingabilities,yetwhentheyarebeingtoocriticalofeverything,theycannolongerembracetherealvalueofdoubt,butratherworshipdisbelief,whichclosesupthepossibilitiesandvenuesthatliberaleducationandliberallearninguphold.Therefore,studentsshouldkeepinmindthatcriticalreflectionshouldremainopen,whileabsorptionshouldalsobecomeaparamountimportantmeansforthemtoengageincriticalthinking.1.Whatiscriticalthinking?Doesitmeanunmaskingerrorsorshowinghowthingscan’tmakesense?Thelecturerinthefollowingcoursepresentshisdefinitionofcriticalthinking.Listentotherecordingandfillintheblanksbasedonwhatyouhear.Pre-readingDiscussionreflective

beingskepticalandchallengingnewsolutionsmemorizingblindlyaccepting

changeyourmind2.Commentonyourcriticalthinkingabilitiesbasedonthelecturer’sdefinition.Shareyourideawithyourpeers.Openfordiscussion.华东师范大学出版社Pre-readingDiscussionReadingAYoungMindsinCriticalCondition

MichaelScottRothCulturalBackgroundTextAnalysisLanguageFocusFurtherEnhancementSupplementaryResourcesReadingACulturalBackgroundAliberaleducationusuallyincludesageneraleducationcurriculumthatprovidesbroadlearninginavarietyofdisciplineswiththeaimofhelpingstudentsdevelopasenseofsocialresponsibilityandstrongintellectualandpracticalskillssuchascommunication,analyticalandproblem-solvingskills,andademonstratedabilitytoapplyknowledgeandskillsinreal-worldsettings.Specificdisciplinesofliberaleducationincludehumanities,sciences,arts,andsocialsciences.Usuallyinthefirstyear,studentsarerequiredtotakeanumberofintroductorycourses,whicharedesignedtogivethemawideknowledgeofmultiplesubjects,andhelpthemtochoosespecificareasforfurtherstudies.ReadingATextAnalysisStructureoftheTextPartI

(Paragraphs1—3)Anintroductiontotheproblemincollegeeducation:overemphasizingcriticalskillsPartII(Paragraphs4—10)AnanalysisofthenegativeeffectsofoveremphasizingcriticalskillsincollegeeducationThetextisapieceofargumentativewriting,inwhichtheauthorarguesbyreasoningthatliberaleducationshouldnotbelimitedtocriticalskills.ReadingATextAnalysis1)(Paragraph4)Negativeeffect1:willnottakestudentsfarbeyondtheuniversity2)(Paragraph5)Negativeeffect2:cannotmakestudentslearnasmuchaspossiblefromstudy3)(Paragraph6)Negativeeffect3:maycausestudentstolosepotentialtofindorcreatemeaninganddirection4)(Paragraph7)Negativeeffect4:maycausestudentstohavelittletoleranceforfindingormakingmeaning5)(Paragraphs8—9)Negativeeffect5:maydepletestudents’culturalresourcesPartIII(Paragraphs10—12)Theauthor’sunderstandingofliberallearning:Liberallearningdependsonabsorption.PartIV(Paragraph13)Reiteratingtheargument:Liberaleducationmustfosteropenness,participationandopportunity.ReadingATextAnalysis

TextComprehension(1)ReadingforgistReadthetextandfindoutthecentralargumentoftheessay.CReadingATextAnalysisTextComprehension(2)ReadingforstructureThemainbodyofthetextdiscussesthenegativeeffectsofoveremphasizingcriticalthinkinginliberaleducation(Seethefollowingdiagram).Maycausestudentstolosepotentialtofindorcreatemeaninganddirection

CannotmakestudentslearnasmuchaspossiblefromstudyWillnottakestudentsfarbeyondtheuniversityMaycausestudentstohavelittletoleranceforfindingormakingmeaningMaydepleteourculturalresources/weardownreceptiveabilitiesReadingATextAnalysis

TextComprehension(3)ReadingfordetailsAnswerthequestions.1.Whatisthefunctionofthetwoexamples(RousseauandEmerson)inthefirstparagraph?2.Whatdoes“thingruel”referto(Para4)?Toshowthatstudentsshouldfindinspirationinthetwoauthors’claimsratherthanmakecriticism.Thingruelisoneoftheproblemsofbeingtoocritical.华东师范大学出版社ReadingATextAnalysis

TextComprehension(3)ReadingfordetailsAnswerthequestions.3.Whyaresomestudentseagertodisplaytheircriticalskillsatcollege?4.Whatdoestheauthorwanttoprovewiththeexampleofhisfilmandphilosophyclass?Toberewardedwithscorepoints.Hewantstoprovethatcreativeworkisinvolvedincompleteabsorption.ReadingATextAnalysis

TextComprehension(3)ReadingfordetailsAnswerthequestions.5.Whatisthepointofabsorptionincompellingwork?6.Whymaycriticalthinkingbecomeadefenceagainsttheriskyinsight?Absorptionincompellingworkcanhelpstudentsactivatepotentialandinstigatenewpossibilities.Becausecriticalthinking,ifoveremphasized,maybecomeaprotectionwhichpreventsstudentsfromgettingabsorbedinlearningandseeingadifferentwayofliving.ReadingATextAnalysis

ZoominginAstudenttriumphantlypointsoutthatJean-JacquesRousseauisundermininghimselfwhenheclaims“themanwhoreflectsisadepravedanimal”,orthatRalphWaldoEmerson’scallforself-relianceisineffectacallforrelianceonEmersonhimself.(Para1)underminesb.:tomakesomeonelessconfidentorlessauthoritativee.g.Thepresidentofthatcompanyhasaccusedtwoboardmembersofworkingsecretlytounderminehim.ReadingATextAnalysis

ZoominginAstudenttriumphantlypointsoutthatJean-JacquesRousseauisundermininghimselfwhenheclaims“themanwhoreflectsisadepravedanimal”,orthatRalphWaldoEmerson’scallforself-relianceisineffectacallforrelianceonEmersonhimself.(Para1)themanwhoreflectsisadepravedanimal:Thissentenceisadaptedfrom“Themanwhomeditatesisadepravedanimal”byRousseauinthebookDiscourseontheOriginofInequality.Bysayingso,Rousseauwantstoexpressthatnaturalmaneatswhatisathandandsleepswhereverandwheneverhegrowstired.Sincenothingbelongstohimoranyoneelse,thereisnosuchathingasinjustice.“Ifnaturehasdestinedustobehealthy,Ialmostdaretoaffirmthatthestateofreflectionisastatecontrarytonatureandthemanwhomeditatesisadepravedanimal.”(Rousseau,42)ReadingATextAnalysis

Zoomingin2.Insteadoftryingtofindmistakesinthetexts,Isuggestwetakethepointofviewthatourauthorscreatedtheseapparent“contradictions”inordertoget

readerslikeustopondermoreinterestingquestions.(Para2)getsb.todosth.:toprovideanopportunityforsomebodytodosomethinge.g.Howdidyougethimtoposeforthispicture?ReadingATextAnalysis

Zoomingin3.Howdowethinkaboutinequalityandlearning,forexample,orhowcanwestandonourownfeetwhilebeingopentoinspirationfromtheworldaroundus?(Para2)standonone’sownfeet:toactinanindependentmannere.g.You’vegottolearntostandonyourownfeetandnotalwayslistentoyourpeers.ReadingATextAnalysis

Zoomingin4.Yes,there’sacertainsatisfactioninbeingcriticalofourauthors,butisn’titmoreinterestingtoputourselvesinaframeofmindtofindinspirationinthem?(Para2)aframeofmind:thewaysomeonethinksorfeelsaboutsomethingataparticulartimee.g.ThemostimportantthingistogointotheexaminapositiveframeofmindReadingATextAnalysis

Zoomingin5.Itisasignofsophistication,especiallywhencoupledwitharecognitionofone’sown“privilege”.(Para3)Paraphrase:Itshowsthatyouaresmartandcannotbeeasilyfooled,especiallywhenyoutakeitforgrantedthatbeingcriticalisanadvantageonlyavailabletoyouasacollegestudent.ReadingATextAnalysis

Zoomingin6.Takingthingsapart,ortakingpeopledown,canprovidethesatisfactionsofcynicism.(Para4)takesth.apart:todestroysomethinge.g.Thestormtookthehouseapartovernight.takesb.down:todefeatsomebodye.g.Thetariffwarwassupposedtotakedownthecountry’scompetitors,butitbackfiredandendeduphurtingitsowneconomyReadingATextAnalysis

Zoomingin7.Butthisisthingruel.(Para4)thingruel:usedfigurativelytomeansomethingthatlackssubstanceorsignificancee.g.Theargumentwasthingruelandcouldnotconvinceusatall8.Theymayclosethemselvesofffromtheirpotentialtofindorcreatemeaninganddirectionfromthebooks,musicandexperimentstheyencounterintheclassroom.(Para6)closesb.off:toisolatesomebodyfrom,toseparatesomebodyfrome.g.ShewasclosedofffromherfriendsReadingATextAnalysis

Zoomingin9.Onceoutsidetheuniversity,thesestudentsmaytrytoscorepointsbydisplayingthecriticalprowessforwhichtheywererewardedinschool,butthosepointsoftencomeattheirownexpense.(Para7)scorepoints:todosomethingthatreceivesapositivereactionorenhancesone'sreputationorstandingwithsomeonee.g.BenthinkshecanscorepointswithLesliebydonatingtothefundraisingcampaignshe'spromotingReadingATextAnalysis

Zoomingin10.Butthiscynicismisnoachievement.(Para7)noachievement:notanachievementatallThestructure“beno+n.”isinanemphaticwaytomean“nottobesomethingatall”.e.g.Peoplearenosinnersbynature.ReadingATextAnalysis

Zoomingin11.LiberaleducationinAmericahaslongbeencharacterizedbytheintertwiningoftwotraditions:ofcriticalinquiryinpursuitoftruthandexuberantperformanceinpursuitofexcellence.(Para8)exuberant:veryenergetic,enthusiastice.g.Youngandexuberant,hesymbolizesthecountry’snewvitality.Paraphrase:ThetypicalAmericanliberaleducationhasalongtraditionofseekingtruththroughcriticalinquirywhilestrivingforexcellencethroughenthusiasticworkReadingATextAnalysis

Zoomingin12.Inthelasthalf-century,though,emphasisoninquiryhasbecomedominant,andithasoftenbeenreducedtotheabilitytoexposeerrorandunderminebelief.(Para8)bereducedto:tobedecreasedtosomelevel,tobechangedintoasimplerforme.g.Theirentirebusinessphilosophycanbereducedto“CustomersarealwaysrightReadingALanguageFocusFillintheblankswiththemostappropriatewordfromthefourchoicesmarkedwithA,B,CandD.1.Luckily,thedriveronlyreceived_______injuries.A.alienB.depravedC.shallowD.superficial2.Itis______thatthebookwhichshefeltwasherworstsoldmorecopiesthananyofherothers.A.triumphantB.ironicC.wearyD.wary3.Thereweretoomanyinternal______whichpreventedthedifferentorganizationsfromworkingeffectivelytogether.A.contradictionsB.guisesC.gagsD.spectators4.Itisdifficulttoputanaccurate______onthesurveyresults.A.constructionB.interpretationC.studyD.inspirationTask1DBABReadingALanguageFocus5.Ifyoudepriveachild_______affection,theycanbecomeverywithdrawn.A.downB.fromC.ofD.by6.Itwas________fromherfacethatshewasreallyupset.A.visibleB.apparentC.reliantD.nonstop7.Don’t_______yourownvaluebycomparingyourselfwithothers.Itisbecausewearedifferentthateachofusisspecial.A.debunkB.depleteC.fractureD.undermineCDBFillintheblankswiththemostappropriatewordfromthefourchoicesmarkedwithA,B,CandD.Task1ReadingALanguageFocus8.Citizenshavedemandedafull______intothegovernment’shandlingoftheepidemic.A.inquiryB.expenseC.effectD.criticism9.Shewasreluctantto______herignorance.A.panderB.intertwineC.craveD.confess10.Thecontroversywashighlightedbyaradio______.A.commentatorB.prowessC.cynicismD.frontmanDAAFillintheblankswiththemostappropriatewordfromthefourchoicesmarkedwithA,B,CandD.Task1ReadingALanguageFocusCompletethefollowingsummarywithwordschosenfromReadingA.Theinitialletterofeachwordisgiven.Criticalthinkingmattersgreatlyincollege.Itallowsstudentstoformtheirownopinionsandengagewithmaterialsbeyonda____________superficiallevel.Theauthorrelatestohisownteachingexperienceandillustratesthemeaningofbeingcriticalincollege.Heholdstheviewthatbeingcriticaldoesnotsimplymeantryingtofindmistakesinthetextsorbeingan________spectator.Theskillat_________errorsisnottotallywithoutvalue,butithasoftenbeenreducedtotheabilitytoexposeerrorsand__________belief.Task2unmaskingundermine

superficialironicReadingALanguageFocusCompletethefollowingsummarywithwordschosenfromReadingA.Theinitialletterofeachwordisgiven.Teachersshouldbe___________ofcreatingaclassofself-satisfieddebunkers.Forstudents,itismoreto________interestingquestionsfromthose______________.Beingcritical,ineffect,meanscritical__________inpursuitoftruthandexuberantperformanceinpursuitofexcellenceatthesametime.Throughcriticalthinking,studentsshareanexperienceofreflection,____________andanalysis,andfosteropenness,participationandopportunityforalifeofongoingandpragmaticlearningthatfinds_____________inunexpectedsources.Task2waryponder

contradictionsinquiryinterpretationinspirationTask3ReadingALanguageFocus

“being+adj.”asanounphraseStudythefollowingsentencesfromReadingAandReadingB.Payattentiontothewordsinboldred:Whataretheirfunctionsinthesentences?Yes,there’sacertainsatisfactioninbeingcriticalofourauthors...Ourbestcollegestudentsareverygoodatbeingcritical.Infactbeingsmart,formany,meansbeingcritical.Incampuscultureswherebeingsmartmeansbeingacriticalunmasker,studentsmaybecometoogoodatshowinghowthingscan’tpossiblymakesense.ButeveryyearIfindthatgettingthemtoadmittofeelingdevotedorfrustrated,tobeingpeculiarinanyway,vergesontheimpossible.华东师范大学出版社Task3ReadingALanguageFocus

“being+adj.”asanounphraseStudythefollowingsentencesfromReadingAandReadingB.Payattentiontothewordsinboldred:Whataretheirfunctionsinthesentences?6.Onecanbedevotedtosomething—abandfromthe’90s,surfing,YHWH—withoutbeingabletoputthatdevotionintowords.华东师范大学出版社Task3ReadingALanguageFocus

“being+adj.”asanounphraseTranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglishbyusing“being+adj.”.华东师范大学出版社1.别犯傻了！2.在陌生的城市里迷路有时也可以是一段有趣的经历。3.成名的代价往往是隐私的丧失。4.小说里的这一角色以虐待孤儿院里的孩子们为乐。5.感谢你一路上对我照顾有加。Stopbeingsosilly!Beinglostinastrangecitycansometimesbeaninterestingexperience.Thelossofprivacyisapricethatoneoftenhastopayforbeingfamous.Thischaracterinthenovelenjoysbeingcrueltothekidsintheorphanage.Thankyouforbeingsonicetomeduringthetrip.Task3ReadingALanguageFocus

rhetoricalquestionsStudythefollowingsentencesfromReadingAandReadingB.Payattentiontotheimpliedmeaningofthesentence:Howaretheydifferentfromordinaryquestions?

1.…butisn’titmoreinterestingtoputourselvesinaframeofmindtofindinspirationinthem?

2.Butwhycan’tthey?Task3ReadingALanguageFocus

rhetoricalquestionsDecidewhetherthefollowingquestionsarerhetoricalornot.1.Marriageisawonderfulinstitution,butwhowouldwanttoliveinaninstitution?2.Doyouknowheischeatingyou?3.Don’tyouknowheischeatingyou?4.Ifwintercomes,canspringbefarbehind?5.Isspringfarbehindwinter?rhetoricalnotrhetoricalrhetoricalrhetoricalnotrhetoricalTask3ReadingALanguageFocus

“one”asapronounStudythefollowingsentencesfromReadingAandReadingB.Payattentiontothewordsinboldred:Whataretheirmeaningsandfunctionsinthesentences?1.Itisasignofsophistication,especiallywhencoupledwitharecognitionofone’sown“privilege”.2.Thecombinationofresistancetoinfluenceanddeflectionofresponsibilitybyconfessingtoone’sadvantagesisasuresignofone’sabilitytonegotiatethepoliticsoflearningoncampus.3.Atfirsttheyseethisassomeoldguy’sfailuretograsptheirskillatmultitasking,buteventuallymostrelearnhowtogivethemselvestoanemotionalandintellectualexperience,onethatisdeeplyengagingpartlybecauseitdoesnotpandertotheirmostsuperficialhabitsofattention.4.Itriedreadingafewpassagesaloudtobreaktheice.Ithoughtmystudentsmightrelatetooneinwhichthewriterfirstwondersaboutturninghissurfingexperiencesintosomethingworthreading.Task3ReadingALanguageFocus

“one”asapronounStudythefollowingsentencesfromReadingAandReadingB.Payattentiontothewordsinboldred:Whataretheirmeaningsandfunctionsinthesentences?5.Onecanbedevotedtosomething—abandfromthe’90s,surfing,YHWH—withoutbeingabletoputthatdevotionintowords.6.IoncemadealistofallthepiecesIhadwritteninmaybe20or30years,andthenputacheckmarkbesideeachonewhosesubjectrelatedtothingsIhadbeeninterestedinbeforeIwenttocollege.Task3ReadingALanguageFocusStudythefollowingsentencesanddecidewhether“one”inthesesentencesstands1.Hisresponseisoneofangerandfrustration.

2.Ifonelooksatthelongerrun,alotofpositivethingswillbehappening.3.Inthesecircumstancesonepreferstobealone.4.Theyaresellingtheirhousetomovetoasmallerone.5.Thereareonlytwotragediesinlife:oneisnotgettingwhatonewants,andtheotherisgettingit1.something2.someone3.someone4.something5.thefirst“one”:something;thesecond“one”:someone

“one”asapronounReadingALanguageFocusTypicalMistakesFoundinChineseStudents’WritingsSentence1:

Viewofherbusy,itwouldbeembarrassedthatifIinterrupted.Analysis:“Viewof”isnotidiomatic—theproperexpressionshouldbe“inviewof”.“Herbusy”isnotanounphraseandsocannotfollowthepreposition“of”.Inthesecondhalfofthesentence,“embarrassed”shouldbereplacedby“embarrassing”sinceitdescribessomethingratherthansomeone,and“that”isredundant.Asuggestedversion:Knowingthatshewasbusy,Ithoughtitwouldbeinconsiderateofmetointerrupt.ReadingALanguageFocus

TypicalMistakesFoundinChineseStudents’WritingsSentence2:Exceptmyroommates,mostoftheclassmatesleavemetheimpressionofbeingfriend.Analysis:“Except”means“notincluding”anddoesnotfitheresemantically;theproperwordwouldbe“besides”,meaning“inadditionto”.Specialattentionshouldbepaidtothedifferencebetweenthetwowordssincebothcanbetranslatedas“除了”inChinese.“Friend”shouldbereplacedby“friendly”,asanadjectiveisneededhere.Asuggestedversion:Besidesmyroommates,mostoftheclassmateshaveleftmeanimpressionofbeingfriendly.ReadingALanguageFocusTypicalMistakesFoundinChineseStudents’WritingsSentence3:Mymothertoldmethatthemostimportantthinginone’slifeistoachievewhatyouwant,andyouhavenothingnow,throughyourworkyoucangeteverything.Analysis:“One”inthesentenceisusedasapronounstandingforsomeone,andinthissenseitisthethirdpersonratherthanthesecond,so“you”and“your”inthelatterpartofthesentencearemisused.Asuggestedversion:Mymothertoldmethatthemostimportantthinginone’slifeistoachievewhatonewants:“Youhavenothingnow,butthroughhardworkyoucangeteverything.”ReadingALanguageFocusTypicalMistakesFoundinChineseStudents’WritingsSentence4:Inthesecondplace,wedon’thaveafixedclassroom.Whenthiscourseisfinishedinthisclassroom,butthenextcoursemaybeinanotherbuildingorclassroom.Analysis:Inthesecondplace,wedon’thaveafixedclassroom.Whenthiscourseisfinishedinthisclassroom,butthenextcoursemaybeinanotherbuildingorclassroom.Asuggestedversion:Inthesecondplace,wedon’thaveafixedclassroom.Whenoneclassisfinishedinoneclassroom,thenextmaybeinanotherbuildingorclassroom.

ReadingAFurtherEnhancement

Listening(1)Criticalthinkingisafundamentalskillforcollegestudents,butitshouldalsobealifelongpursuit.Thefollowingtalkisaboutstrategiestodevelopyourselfasacriticalthinker.Listentothetalk,andanswerthefollowingquestions.1.Whenoneistryingtosolveaproblem,whatmightbetheresultofredefiningthewayheseesthings?2.Whatisthepurposeofanalysingtheinfluencesonone’sthinkingandinhislife?It’softenpossibletoreframeaproblemasanopportunity.Tobreakoutofanymoldsthatmaybeconstrictinghim.ReadingAFurtherEnhancement

Listening(1)Criticalthinkingisafundamentalskillforcollegestudents,butitshouldalsobealifelongpursuit.Thefollowingtalkisaboutstrategiestodevelopyourselfasacriticalthinker.Listentothetalk,andanswerthefollowingquestions.3.Whatisthekeytoexpressingoneselfclearly?Andwhy?4.Whyisitimportanttoenhanceone’swellness?Mostimportantinexpressingoneselfclearlyisstatingonepointatatime.Onemightbeinclinedtoargueeverythought,buthemighthavegreaterimpactifhefocusesjustonhismainarguments.Schedulingphysicalactivityintoone’sdaycanhelplowerstressandincreasementalalertness.ReadingAFurtherEnhancement

Listening(2)Interview10peopletogetanswerstothefollowingquestion.Howtoeffectivelyimproveyourcriticalthinkingskills?Openfordiscussion.ReadingAFurtherEnhancement

SpeakingSelf-doubtoccurswhenwelackconfidenceorfeelincapableofdoingthingsweneedtodo.Readthefollowingcommentandanswerthequestionsthatfollow.Haveyoueveraskedthequestion—AmIwrong?Sharewithyourclassmatesyourstoryofself-doubt.2.Doyouthinkself-doubtalwaysgeneratesnegativeeffects?Shareyouropinionwithyourclassmates.Openfordiscussion.ReadingAFurtherEnhancement

TranslationMakesenseofthewordsorexpressionsmarkedinboldinthefollowingsentences,andthentranslatethesentencesintoChinese.1.Thistypeofabsorptionisbecominganendangeredspeciesofculturallife,asournonstop,increasinglyfracturedtechnologicalexistencewearsdownourreceptiveabilities.2.LiberaleducationinAmericahaslongbeencharacterizedbytheintertwiningoftwotraditions:ofcriticalinquiryinpursuitoftruthandexuberantperformanceinpursuitofexcellence.在日益碎片化的技术生存方式消磨我们接受能力之际，这类专注力正在变成我们文化生活中的“濒危物种”。

长久以来，美国的人文教育一直有个特点，即“追求真理、不懈批判”与“精益求精、臻于极致”这两种传统相互交织。ReadingAFurtherEnhancement

TranslationMakesenseofthewordsorexpressionsmarkedinboldinthefollowingsentences,andthentranslatethesentencesintoChinese.3.Takingthingsapart,ortakingpeopledown,canprovidethesatisfactionsofcynicism.4.Thecombinationofresistancetoinfluenceanddeflectionofresponsibilitybyconfessingtoone’sadvantagesisasuresignofone’sabilitytonegotiatethepoliticsoflearningoncampus.毁物贬人能为怀疑论者带来快意。华东师范大学出版社既能抵制外来影响，又能借肯定自己的优点来逃避责任，这的确体现了一个人应对校园学术政治的能力。ReadingAFurtherEnhancement

TranslationMakesenseofthewordsorexpressionsmarkedinboldinthefollowingsentences,andthentranslatethesentencesintoChinese.5.Inoverdevelopingtheabilitytoshowhowtexts,institutionsorpeoplefailtoaccomplishwhatthey

setouttodo,wemaybedeprivingstudentsofthechancetolearnasmuchaspossiblefromwhattheystudy.华东师范大学出版社如果我们一味地去揭示教科书、教育机构或相关人员如何地未完成他们的既定目标，过度培养学生的这种能力，那么我们或许剥夺了他们学尽所能、术有专攻的机会。ReadingAFurtherEnhancement

TranslationMakesenseofthewordsorexpressionsmarkedinboldinthefollowingsentences,andthentranslatethesentencesintoChinese.6.Atfirsttheyseethisassomeoldguy’sfailuretograsptheirskillatmultitasking,buteventuallymostrelearnhowtogivethemselvestoanemotionalandintellectualexperience,onethatisdeeplyengagingpartlybecauseitdoesnotpandertotheirmostsuperficialhabitsofattention.华东师范大学出版社起初他们认为我这个老家伙没法理解他们具有一心多用的能力，但最终他们大多重新学会了如何全神贯注地经历一场情感和智力体验。这种体验引人入胜，其部分原因在于它没有迎合学生们浅尝辄止的习惯。ReadingAFurtherEnhancement

TranslationMakesenseofthewordsorexpressionsmarkedinboldinthefollowingsentences,andthentranslatethesentencesintoChinese.7.

Onceoutsidetheuniversity,thesestudentsmaytrytoscorepointsbydisplayingthecriticalprowessforwhichtheywererewardedinschool,butthosepointsoftencomeattheirownexpense.8.LTheskillatunmaskingerror,orsimpleintellectualone-upmanship,isnottotallywithoutvalue,butweshouldbewaryofcreatingaclassofself-satisfieddebunkers.华东师范大学出版社一旦离开了大学，这些学生或许会尝试靠批判来得分，因为他们在学校时曾靠这种能力而受到奖励，但是在社会上，他们通常要为此付出代价。这种挑错揭短的能力，或在学术上取巧占上风的本事并非全无价值，但我们应当心生警惕，以免培养出一群自鸣得意的挑错揭短者。ReadingAFurtherEnhancement