《科技英语综合教程（第二版）》课件Unit 2 Social Science

Unit2SocialScienceWarm-upIntensiveReading--TextAExtensiveReading--TextBExtensiveReading--TextCUnit2SocialScienceUnit2SocialScienceUnitOverviewPassagesAcademicSkillsTestAIntensiveReadingMakingtheBestofaGoodJobtranslatingskillsTranslationofEnglishSituationalConversation

TextBExtensiveReadingMakeaPowerfulInterviewImpactbyControllingtheIntangiblesWritingSkillResume,CurriculumVitaeandCoverLetterTextCExtensiveReadingTheWinner’sGuidetoSuccessListeningSkillLongConversationUnit2SocialScience

Agrowingnumberofpeopleareenteringthejobmarket,facingunexpectedemploymentchallenges.Employmentsituationbecomesincreasinglygraveespeciallyforcollegegraduates.Thegravesituationiscausedbymanyfactors,includingcurrenteconomicconditions,theemploymentcompetitionenvironment,thecontradictionsbetweensupplyanddemand,etc.Underthesecircumstances,theprofessionalknowledgeandskillswillnotbeenoughforanapplicanttobenoticedinacrowded,motivatedpoolofcandidates.Inordertobecompetitiveintoday’sjobmarketplace,applicantsneedtoknowwhathiringmanagersarereallylookingforandtheelementsthatinfluencethehiringdecisions.BeforeReadingWarm-upBeforeReadingWarm-upQuestionsUnit2SocialScienceApproachingtheTopic1.Howdoyoudefineagoodjob?Doyouhaveanycareerdestination?Ifyoudo,whatisit?2.Whatpreparationsdoyouneedtorealizeyourcareerdestinationinthecomingyearsinuniversity?3.Foraninterviewee,whichoneofthefollowingaspectsisthemostimportant,appearance,credentials,educationorexperience?Why?IntensiveReadingInformationanalysis1.Howdoyoudefineagoodjob?Doyouhaveanycareerdestination?Ifyoudo,whatisit?Agoodjobcanofferpeople’sbasicneedssuchasacomparativelysatisfyingwageandconditionsformotivation.Yes,Ido.Mycareergoalistobecomeanetworksecurityengineer,sothatIwillhelppeopletoreducethehackerattacksthattheyundergo.

Unit2SocialScienceIntensiveReadingInformationanalysis2.Whatpreparationsdoyouneedtorealizeyourcareerdestinationinthecomingyearsinuniversity?Firstly,Iwilltrytoacquireasmuchknowledgeaspossibleinuniversityinordertobemorequalifiedtothefuturecareer.IwillalsotrytocollectinformationrelatedtothepositionsIwanttoapplyfor.Beclearabouttherequirementofthosepositionswhichwillgivemeamoredefinitedirectioninthetrainingprocess.Besidesdevelopingskillsrelatedtofuturecareer,Iwilltrytofindpart-timejobsduringsparetimeorholidaystoaccumulateworkingexperience.Thiswillbeveryhelpfulformetocombinethetheoreticalknowledgewithpracticeandthusmakemewell-preparedtorealizethecareerdestinationinthefuture.Unit2SocialScienceIntensiveReadingInformationanalysis3.Foraninterviewee,whichoneofthefollowingaspectsisthemostimportant,appearance,credentials,educationorexperience?Why?

Foraninterviewee,workingexperiencewillbethemostimportantaspectbecauseitreflectsyourabilitytoputwhatyouhavelearnedintopracticeandwhetheryouaresuitableforthepositionsyouwanttoapplyfor.Workexperiencewillhelpyoutobemorecompetitiveamongcandidatesinaninterview.Unit2SocialScienceIntensiveReadingTextAMakingtheBestofaGoodJobUnit2SocialScienceWordpreparationTextorganizationInformationanalysisLanguagefocusLead-inIntensiveReadingLead-inUnit2SocialScienceJobinterviewWhatdoweprepareforajobinterview?Watchthevideoclipandfillintheblankswiththewordsyouhaveheardinvideo.IntensiveReadingLead-inUnit2SocialScienceVideoIntensiveReadingLead-inUnit2SocialScience1.Numberone,arriveearly.Takethepressureoffyourselfbyleavinghomeearlyincaseoftrafficortrainsdelays.2.Beforeyougointodetailaboutyourbackground,askiftheycanconfirmordiscussthepositionanditsexpectations.3.Makesureyouunderstandeachquestionbeforeyouanswer.Yourunderstandingisoftenamajorpartoftheirevaluationprocess.4.Evenwhendiscussingadifficultsituation,alwaysexpressthepositivesideofwhatyoulearnfromthatexperience.5.

Intheearlystagesoftheinterviewprocess,youshouldbe100%focusedonthejobitself.6.Rightaftertheinterview,makenotescoveringwhatyoulearnedaboutthejobexpectations,thecompanyandthepeopleyoumet.7

Sendingabrieffollow-upletterwithin24hours,thankingeachinterviewerdemonstratesinterestandprofessionalism.

1)2)3)4)5)6)7)8)IntensiveReadingLead-inUnit2SocialScienceWatchthevideoagainandanswerthefollowingquestions：Whyit’snecessarytotailortheresume?Becauseitisimportanttomaketheresumeasbriefaspossible.Trytoadjustyourpositioningstatementandhighlightsofyourpreviousjobstotheneedsoftheposition.Thiswillgivetheintervieweranideaofwhatyoudidthatmatchestheirneeds.

2.What’sthepurposeofsendingfollow-upletters?Becauseaquickresponsefromyouwillberemembered.Andyourgoalistoberemembered.Sendingabrieffollow-upletterwithin24hours,thankingeachinterviewerdemonstratesinterestandprofessionalism.It'sagoodideatodraftthoselettersbeforetheinterview,soyouwon'tforget.ScriptIntensiveReadingLead-inUnit2SocialScienceHerearethetenthingsyouneedtodoinaninterview.Numberone,arriveearly.Takethepressureoffyourselfbyleavinghomeearlyincaseoftrafficortrainsdelays.Italsogivesyoutimetoreviewyournotesorcompanymaterialsandseewhat'shappeninginthereceptionarea.Numbertwo,knowabouttheposition.Companiesdon'toftendothebestjobdescribingtherequirementsofajob.Beforeyougointodetailaboutyourbackground,askiftheycanconfirmordiscussthepositionanditsexpectations.Thiswillgiveyouagoodideaofwheretofocusyourdiscussion.Numberthree,listencarefullytoquestions.Makesureyouunderstandeachquestionbeforeyouanswer.Yourunderstandingisoftenamajorpartoftheirevaluationprocess.Ifyoudon'tunderstand,though,it'sreallysmarttoask.Numberfour,alwaysbepositive.Ifyouwanttoblowaninterview,benegative.Youshouldalwaysansweraquestioninapositivemanner.Evenwhendiscussingadifficultsituation,alwaysexpressthepositivesideofwhatyoulearnfromthatexperience.Numberfive,tailoryourresume.Adjustyourpositioningstatementandhighlightsofyourpreviousjobstotheneedsoftheposition.Thiswillgivetheintervieweranideaofwhatyoudidthatmatchestheirneeds.Numbersix,delaysalarydiscussions.Intheearlystagesoftheinterviewprocess,youshouldbe100%focusedonthejobitself.Ifasked,youshouldsay,I'mopentowhat'sfaircompensationfortheposition.Ifquest,thenstateeitheryoursalaryhistory,oryourfirstjobatcollegeorwhatyouunderstandthemarketis.ScriptIntensiveReadingLead-inUnit2SocialScienceNumberseven,maketheinterviewaconversation.Thebestinterviewshappenwhenyouandtheinterviewereachtalk,thesameamountoftime.Toassurethishappens,answereachquestiondirectly.Don'tramble.Thenfollowupwithaquestionofyourownandlistenreallycloselytotheanswersyouget.Numbereight,knowwhatthenextstepsareaftertheinterview.Ifit'snotclearwhatthenextstepsare,ask.Ilikethedirectmethodmyself.Whatarethenextsteps?Orwhatisyourtimeframeforfillingtheposition?Thenkeepquietandlettheinterviewerdothetalking.Thesequestionsindicateyourinterest.Don'tforgettothanktheinterviewerforhistime.Butdon'tgrapple.Numbernine,Completeyournotes.Rightaftertheinterview,makenotescoveringwhatyoulearnedaboutthejobexpectations,thecompanyandthepeopleyoumet.ThisInformationwillbevialiftheprocesscontinuesoronfutureinterviewsforsimilarpositions.Numberten,alwayssendafollow-upletter.Sendingabrieffollow-upletterwithin24hours,thankingeachinterviewerdemonstratesinterestandprofessionalism.It'sagoodideatodraftthoselettersbeforetheinterview,soyouwon'tforget.Aquickresponsewillberemembered.Remember,yourgoalistoberemembered.Now,tofurtherprepareforyourinterviews,gotothevideoonansweringinterviewquestions.ThisisRich,Alexander.Thankssomuchforwatching.IntensiveReadingWordpreparationv.intimidatepredeterminetacklerevolvedifferentiaten.applicantrecruitmentcriterionrigorpredictora.managerialexecutivesubtlenonverbalprospectiveUnit2SocialScienceIntensiveReadingTextorganizationUnit2SocialSciencePartI(Para.1)ThetraditionaljobinterviewtooktheformofA.acozyfiresidechat.B.anintimidatinginterrogationsupposedlydesignedtotestyourabilitytocope withstress.PartII(Para.2-14)Featuresofthemodernjobinterview

A.Modernjobinterviewsarecharacterizedbythefollowing facts: ①Theyhavebecomepartofamultilayeredquasi-scientificselectionprocess.

②Theyareincreasinglylikelytobeconductedbymanagerstrainedincomplex psychologicaltechniques.Theyarealsobecominghightech.B.Therecruitmentmethodsusedintoday’semploymentmarketare:

①aptitudetest

②personalityquestionnaires

evaluationatassessmentcentersC.Thechangestakenplaceintheformoftoday’sinterviewsare: ①youcanexpecttheinterviewtobea“structured”event

②anincreasingnumberofinterviewsarealso“situational”interviewsarebecomingalotlessformalPartIII(Para.15-16)Weaknessofthemodernjobinterview:unreliable

IntensiveReadingInformationanalysis1.

Whydocompaniesmakechangestothestyleofjobinterviews?Para.1

Somechangesaretakingplaceintheformofjobinterviewsbecauseleanmoderncompanieshavelearnedthecostsofmakingbadappointments.Unit2SocialScienceIntensiveReadingInformationanalysis2.Whycan’tcandidatesrelyjustontheskillsasanintervieweetogetthejobtheywant?Para.1Thereisagoodchancethatyouwillhavetostartprovingyourselfwellbeforeyoureachtheinterviewroom.Unit2SocialScienceIntensiveReadingInformationanalysis3.Whatisthefeatureofa“structured”interview?Andwhatisthepurposeofmakingitstructured?Para.4Eachcandidatewillbeaskedthesamepredeterminedquestions—ratherthanaprocessguidedbywhateverquestionshappentofloatintothemindsofthepanel.

Thisstandardizationaimstoprovideabetterbasisforcomparingcandidatesandreducingbiasonthegroundsofraceorgender.Unit2SocialScienceIntensiveReadingInformationanalysis4.Whatisa“situational”interviewlike?Para.4Thismeansthatcandidatesareaskedquestionssuchas“Whatwouldyoudoif…?”,anapproachthatletsthemprovidepracticalexamplesofhowtheywouldtackleparticularsituations,whetherornottheyhavehadanydirectexperienceofthem.Unit2SocialScienceIntensiveReadingInformationanalysis5.AccordingtoFranMinogue,whatisthepurposeofmakingtheinterviewlessformal?Andwhatdoesitreflect?Para.5FranMinoguebelievesthatselectionpanels“aimtorelaxpeoplesotheycanopenupanddoasmuchtalkingaspossible”.Thisnewinformalityalsoreflectsthedecreasingimportanceattachedtohierarchywithinorganizations.Unit2SocialScienceIntensiveReadingInformationanalysis6.Whatisthebiggestchangeinthestyleofinterviews?Para.6Interviewsareincreasinglyaconversationbetweenequals.Unit2SocialScienceIntensiveReadingLanguagefocus1.Interviewsarenowmuchlesslikelytotaketheformofacozyfiresidechat.Neither,attheotherextreme,shouldyouexpectanintimidatinginterrogationsupposedlydesignedtotestyourabilitytocopewithstress.(Para.1)Unit2SocialScience求职面试已经不再是舒适温馨的炉边闲谈了；当然，倒也不会走向另一个极端，成为为了检验你应对压力的能力而进行的令人生畏的询问。Analysis:shouldyou...stress是倒装句，原因是否定词neither在句首；designedto…是interrogation的后置定语；tocopewithstress是ability的后置定语。Translation:IntensiveReadingLanguagefocus2.Asleanmoderncompanieshavelearnedthecostsofmakingbadappointments,interviewshavebecomepartofamultilayeredquasi-scientificselectionprocess.(Para.2)Translation:精明的现代企业已经明白，雇员选择不当是要付出代价的，因此，面试已经成为多层面，半科学化式的挑选程序的一部分。Unit2SocialScienceAnalysis:asleanmoderncompanies…appointments是原因状语从句，interviewshavebecome…process是主句。IntensiveReadingLanguagefocus3.Beforetoolong,candidatescanexpectmanyinterviewpanelstoincludeatleastonememberwhoparticipatesbymeansofvideoconferencingtechnologyfromanothersiteorevenoverseas.(Para.2)Translation:不久以后，求职者就会看到，面试小组中至少有一名成员是通过视频会议技术在外地甚至在海外参与面试的。Unit2SocialScienceAnalysis:toinclude…是不定式短语，作expect的宾语；whoparticipate…是定

语从句，修饰onemember。IntensiveReadingLanguagefocus4.Thereisagoodchancethatyouwillhavetostartprovingyourselfwellbeforeyoureachtheinterviewroom.(Para.4)Translation:很有可能要在你踏入面试室之前，就要开始证明自己的实力。Unit2SocialScienceAnalysis:thereisagoodchance很有可能；thatyouwill…是同位语从句；beforeyou…是同位语从句中的状语从句。IntensiveReadingLanguagefocus5.Bythetimeyou’vereachedthisstage,youare90percentthereintermsofanacceptancebytheemployerthatyoucandothejob.(Para.6)Translation:你到了参加最后面试这一阶段，说明公司已经认为你能胜任这项工作，你有九成把握留下来了。Unit2SocialScienceAnalysis:anacceptancebytheemployer是介词短语intermsof的宾语；thatyoucandothejob是acceptance的同位语从句。IntensiveReadingLanguagefocus6.Theyfoundthatinterviewingcamethirdfrombottominalistofeightmethodsofselection.Onlyastrologyandgraphologyscoredworse.(Para.15)Translation:在八种选才方法中，面试的可靠性仅排倒数第三，仅仅比占星术和字迹学稍强一些。Unit2SocialScienceAnalysis:that…selection是theyfound的宾语从句。Unit2SocialScienceKeytoExercisesTextAKeytoexercisesUnit2SocialScienceEx.11.D2.C3.D4.C5.BEx.2Para.1

(1)acozyfiresidechat

(2)anintimidatinginterrogationsupposedlydesignedtotestyourability tocopewithstressPara.2

(1)Theyhavebecomepartofamultilayeredquasi-scientificselectionprocess.

(2)

Theyareincreasinglylikelytobeconductedbymanagerstrainedin complexpsychologicaltechniques.(3)Theyarealsobecominghightech.Para.5(1)aptitudetest(2)personalityquestionnaires(3)evaluationatassessmentcentersPara.11-14(1)youcanexpecttheinterviewtobea“structured”event(2)anincreasingnumberofinterviewsarealso“situational”(3)interviewsarebecomingalotlessformalKeytoexercisesEx.31.Therearetwopossibleresponsestothisquestion.(1)Yes.IagreewithBillRobbinsthatbythetimeanapplicantreachedthestageofinterview,he/shewillbeverypossibletobeacceptedbytheboss.That’sbecauseinmostcasesmanytestsorsomethingsimilarwillbetakenbeforetheinterview.Theresultsofthosetestsreflectthecompetenceofacandidate,especiallyfromtheprofessionalperspective.Itshowswhetheryouarecapableofdoingthefuturejob.Thegoodperformanceinthosetestsisaveryimportantstandardformanagerstomakehiringdecisions.Comparingwiththesetests,interviewisonlysomethinglikeameetingwiththefutureemployer.Itissomethingverysubjective,whichishardtosetastandardtocomparingcandidates.Thereisanotherpossibleresponsetothisquestion.(2)No,IdisagreewithBillRobbins’statement.Especiallywhenhesaystherewillbe90percentpossibilityforanapplicanttobeacceptedbythebossbeforehe/sheenterstheinterviewroom.Acandidate’sperformanceinsometestsbeforetheinterviewcanonlyhelpthehiringmanagerstomakeajudgmentabouthis/hercompetencemostlyfromtheprofessionalperspective.Suitabilityforajobpositioncontainsmuchmorethanprofessionalknowledgeorskills.Andit’salittlehardtofindoutacandidate’srealfeelingorthoughtthroughwrittentests.Sincesomeintangibleslikepromotability,thelevelofmotivation,enthusiasm,andgeneralcompetencyareequallyimportantintheprocessofmakinghiringdecisions,interviewwillbecomeindispensibleinmakingjudgmentofthesuitabilityofcandidates.Unit2SocialScienceKeytoexercises

2.Therearetwopossibleresponsestothisquestion.(1)Yes.Itisreasonabletomakesuchajudgment.Especiallywhenemotionalstaminaisgreatlyneededorrequiredindoingthisjob.Fromthecandidates’descriptionabouthis/herpastpositiveandnegativeexperiences,wecaneasilyfindoutsomeinnervaluesofhim/her.Candidateswhoareoptimisticwillrespondtoanegativeeventfromamorepositiveperspective.Thus,thiskindofcandidateswillbemoresuitableforajobdealingwithcustomercomplaints.Wecanalsouseotherwaystoprobecandidates’innervalues,suchasgroupdiscussionaboutsomevale-reflectingtopics.(2)Itisnotsoreasonabletomakesuchajudgment.Becauselifeexperienceissomewhatdifferentfromwhatwillhappenduringworkingtime.Peoplewillbemoreseriousandcautiouswhentheyaredealingwithnegativeeventshappenedduringworkingtime.Theytendtouserelevantprofessionalskillsandknowledgetodealwitheventsencounteredatwork.Therefore,makingtheinterviewquestionsmoresituationalforcandidatestotackleparticularsituationatworkwillbeamoreappropriatewaytoprobecandidates’innervalues.Unit2SocialScienceKeytoexercisesEx.41.assess 2.management 3.rigorous 4.informal 5.standard6.attached 7.predetermined8.execution9.recruiting10.consultEx.51.O2.K3.G4.J5.C6.N7.M8.I9.H10.DEx.61.employmentmarket2.videoconferencingtechnology3.jobinterview 4.十有八九5.能力测试 6.招聘方法Unit2SocialScienceUnit2SocialScienceKeytoexercisesEx.71.当然，倒也不会走向另一个极端，(求职面试)成为为了检验你应对压力的能力而进行的令人生畏的询问。2.精明的现代企业已经明白，雇员选择不当是要付出代价的，因此，面试已经成为多层面，半科学化式的挑选程序的一部分，并且越来越可能由经过高级心理技术培训的经理人员来进行。3.你到了参加最后面试这一阶段，说明公司已经认为你能胜任这项工作，你有九成把握留下来了。4.在当今的求职市场中，面试都是“精心策划”的，也就是说，每一个求职者都将被问及事先确定的相同问题，而不是由面试小组成员随心所欲提出问题。5.这种标准化做法旨在为比较求职者提供更可靠的依据，减少种族和性别偏见。Unit2SocialScienceKeytoexercisesEx.81.Inexperiencedshewas,shecouldcopewiththedifficultieswonderfullywell.

2.Wemustmakethebestofthefewnaturalresourceswehave.3.Intermsofmoney,he’squiterich,butnotintermsofhappiness.4.Herparentshadtoldmenevertospeaktotheirdaughteragain,soIknewthatIwasrunningthegauntletwhenItelephonedhertoarrangeameeting.5.Ninetimesoutoftenouropponentswillbeatus.Wejusthopethisistheoneinten.TextBMakeaPowerfulInterviewImpactbyControllingtheIntangiblesExtensiveReadingUnit2SocialScienceTextorganizationLanguagefocuskeytoexercisesTextorganizationUnit2SocialSciencePartI(Para.1-3)Thereasonstocontroltheintangiblesinordertomakea powerfulinterviewimpact.A.realityisdifferentfromthewaythatpeoplethinkthehiringdecisionsaremadeB.applicantsarealsojudgedbyfactorsthataresometimesquiteintangibleC.Whatdifferentiatescandidateshastodowithcertainhard-to-defineaspectsof languageandnonverbalcommunication.PartII(Para.4-13)Theintangiblesthatwillhelpcandidatessucceedin gettingtheposition.

A.Thefirstimpressionintangiblesthatcandidatesneedtopayattentiontoinclude: ①consistent

eyecontact

②asolidhandshakethewaythatyoulookandsound.B.Otherintangiblesinclude:

①motivation

②enthusiasm

generalcompetencePartIII(Para.14)Understandingtheroleofvisibleandinvisibleelementsinaninterviewwillhelpyoucomeoutahead.

ExtensiveReadingLanguagefocus1.Gradstudentsandpostdocstendtoviewtheemploymentprocessthroughtheirownlensofexperience,wheresmartpeoplewithhighscoresautomaticallygetinaheadofthepack.(Para.1)Unit2SocialScienceExtensiveReadingAnalysis:这是一个主从复合句。其中，Gradstudentsandpostdocstendtoviewtheemploymentprocessthroughtheirownlensofexperience,是句子的主干，wheresmartpeoplewithhighscoresautomaticallygetinaheadofthepack是where引导的非限定性定语从句起到补充说明的作用。Translation:研究生与博士后经常会从自己的视角去观摩各种类型的学术应聘会，结果发现成绩好智商高的人的往往会更有优势。Languagefocus2.

Peoplehireotherswhomtheylike,andit’sonlywhenyousucceedintampingdownyourinternalstresslevel,andarecomfortablebeingyourself,thatyournaturalfriendlinesscanbeondisplay.(Para.9)Unit2SocialScienceExtensiveReadingAnalysis:这句中的it’sonlywhen…,that…这个部分是强调句型，表示只有当……才能……。Translation:人们通常会雇佣他们喜欢的人，只有当你能够克服内心的压力，能自然的展示自己时，才能表现出与生俱来的友善。Languagefocus3.Ifthat’sthecase,theotherintangiblesthatwillimpactyoursuccessrevolvearoundyourmotivation,enthusiasm,andgeneralcompetencythatinterviewersseeinyouduringinterviewday.(Para.10)Unit2SocialScienceExtensiveReadingAnalysis:这是一个主从复合句。if引导一个条件状语从句。主句中包含两个由that引导的定语从句。Translation:如果这家公司的氛围很好，你很喜欢，那么面试官会看到的一些无形的因素，比如你的动力、热情、综合能力等等，就会帮助你成功应聘到职位。Languagefocus4.Interviewerswanttounderstandthereasonsbehindyourdriveandinterestintheworkthatyoudo,andthere’snobetterwaythantoaskaboutyourmotivationforgettingintoscienceinthefirstplace.(Para.11)Unit2SocialScienceExtensiveReadingAnalysis:这个句子understand后面有两个由and连接的并列的部分作宾语，thereasonsbehindyourdrive,interestintheworkthatyoudo。最后一个部分there’snobetterwaythan…表示没有比……更好的办法了。Translation:面试官们希望了解你选择这份工作的动机和你的兴趣所在，那么最好的方式就是首先询问你想从事这一学科领域工作的动机。Languagefocus5.Butthekeytoyourvalueinacompanyenvironmentforthelonghaulistobecompetent—tocontributeinanumberofproblem-solvingcapacitiesthatwillbenefittheentireteamoveryourtimewiththecompany.(Para.13)Unit2SocialScienceExtensiveReadingAnalysis:这个句子的主语是key,不定式短语toyourvalue作后置定语。不定式tobecompetent作表语，解释说明主语的内容。破折号后面的内容解释说明前面句子的内容。Translation:但是从长远来看，要在公司中体现你的价值，最关键的是需要具备胜任这项工作的能力。你在公司工作期间，这些解决问题的能力将使整个团队受益。Unit2SocialScienceKeytoExercisesTextBKeytoexercisesEx.1

D2.A3.D4.A5.BEx.21.revolve2.consistently3.dynamic4.intangible

5.odds

6.squeeze7.prospective

8.nonverbal9.notably10.differentiateUnit2SocialScienceUnit2SocialScienceKeytoexercisesEx.3

1.第一印象2.未来老板3.知名期刊4.非语言交流5.眼神接触6.一流教育7.成绩记录8.简历9.第一作者论文10.综合能力A.top-tiereducationB.CVC.first-authorpapersD.trackrecordE.high-profilejournalsF.nonverbalcommunicationG.eyecontactH.firstimpressionI.prospectivebossJ.generalcompetencyKeytoexercisesEx.4研究生与博士后经常会从自己的视角去观摩各种类型的学术应聘会，结果发现成绩好智商高的人的往往会更有优势。如果简历显示您毕业于一流院校，并在知名期刊上发表了三篇第一作者论文，你的应聘成功率就会高于那些来自二流学校，没有相同业绩的人吗？我在2004年写的文章中曾指出，第一印象十分重要，这是因为面试官的决定往往是第一时间下意识做出的，而且这与岗位性质一点关系都没有。而来自这些文化背景的面试者应当将这些想法抛诸脑后，换之以西方国家的面试官所期的亲切友好的微笑与眼神。人们通常会雇佣他们喜欢的人，只有当你能够克服内心的压力，能自然的展示自己时，才能表现出与生俱来的友善。Unit2SocialScienceInsightintoChinaTextCTheWinner’sGuidetoSuccessLanguagefocusLanguagefocusKeytoExercisesUnit2SocialScienceInsightsintoChinaLanguagefocusUnit2SocialScience1.Inasocietyinwhichpeopleblameeveryonefromtheirparentstothegovernmentfortheirfailuretogetahead,motivationalsuperstarsrefusetobuyintothevictimmentality.(Para.2)Analysis:Translation:这是一个主从复合句。inwhich…ahead是定语从句，修饰society；主语是motivationalsuperstars。

在社会中，由于自己的失败，人们就对所有的人——从自己的父母到政府——都横加指责，励志明星们却拒绝接受这种“受害者”的心理。这是一个主从复合句。inwhich…ahead是定语从句，修饰society；主语是motivationalsuperstars。Languagefocus2.Givenupbyhisparentsatbirthandlabeled“educablementallyretarded”asachild,hehadeveryreasontolosehope.(Para.4)Unit2SocialScienceExtensiveReadingAnalysis:givenup…，是过去分词短语作状语，表原因。Translation:他出生时被父母遗弃,孩童时被认为是“虽可教育但资质愚钝”，他有丧失希望的所有借口。Languagefocus3.Havingapurposeinyourlifeisthemostimportantelementofbecomingafullyfunctioningperson.(Para.6)Unit2SocialScienceExtensiveReadingAnalysis:Havingapurposeinyourlife是动名词短语作主语；becomingafullyfunctioningperson是动名词短语作of的宾语。Translation:树立生活的目标，是能够使人的生活成功而充实的最重要因素。Languagefocus4.TryingtoachieveyourgoalswithoutanactionplanisliketryingtodrivefromLosAngelestoDenverwithoutamap.(Para.9)Unit2SocialScienceExtensiveReadingAnalysis:这是一个主从复合句。tryingtoachieveyourgoalswithoutanactionplan是动名词短语作主语；tryingtodrivefromLosAngelestoDenverwithoutamap是动名词短语作like的宾语；drivefromLosAngelestoDenver路程遥远，地形复杂，喻指比较困难。Translation:试图没有任何行动计划就去实现你的目标，就和想要从洛杉矶开车到丹佛而手里没有地图一样，极难成功。Languagefocus5.Thewastedtime,energyandmoneywillprobablycauseyoutogiveuplongbeforeyoureachtheRockies.(Para.9,Line2)Unit2SocialScienceExtensiveReadingAnalysis:这是一个简单句。thewastedtime,energyandmoney是主语；theRockies喻指生活目标。Translation:浪费的时间，耗费的精力，最终可能会在你到达洛基山区之前，就使你放弃目标。Languagefocus6.PatriciaFripp,whospeakstoFortune500executivesonhowtobecomemoresuccessful,tookacomedyworkshopandhiredaprivatespeechcoachtoimproveherspeakingability.(Para.15)Unit2SocialScienceExtensiveReadingAnalysis:这是一个主从复合句。whospeakstoFortune500executivesonhowtobecomemoresuccessful，是PatriciaFripp的非限定性定语从句。

Translation:帕垂沙·弗瑞普，这位就如何更加成功论题而面对财富五百强执行官演讲的演讲家，曾参加喜剧培训班和雇佣教练，来提高自己的演讲水平。Languagefocus7.Itmaysoundobvious,butwhenyou’retrulycommittedtoyourgoal,givingupisn’tevenanoption.(Para.17)Unit2SocialScienceExtensiveReadingAnalysis:这是一个主从复合句。whenyou’retrulycommittedtoyourgoal是时间状语从句；givingup是动名词短语作主语。

Translation:这句话听起来浅显易懂，但当你真的致力于你的目标，就不能选择放弃。