北京市2024中考英语二轮复习阅读理解2

PAGEPAGE28北京2024中考英语阅读理解（二）专题十八阅读理解第2讲北京东城一模阅读理解CD篇教学目标教学目标1.驾驭本篇阅读理解中出现的高频词及长难句。2.驾驭阅读理解的解题技巧,并能够指出本篇阅读理解中运用到的解题技巧。3.通过阅读理解高频词、长难句等语料的积累,及阅读理解解题技巧的练习,敏捷应对各种阅读理解题。C篇名师点拨名师点拨学问篇“巧妇难为无米之炊”,在英语学习的过程中,语料的积累至关重要。对于阅读理解高频词和长难句的梳理,能够为我们今后的学习和提升打下良好的基础。敬爱的同学,老师已经为你梳理出了本篇文章中的一些高频词和长难句,快来看看你驾驭了吗？高频词（课前检测学生的词汇量储备,以老师提问的形式进行。能够精确翻译的为优,模糊翻译的良,不会翻译的为差。）单词/短语词性词义拓展驾驭状况优良差normaladj.正常的differentadj.不同的describev.描述frightenedadj.胆怯 的v.frightenterribleadj.可怕的，很糟的decidev.确定rudeadj.粗鲁的，无理的changev.变更completelyadv.完全的adj.completeexcellentadj.极好的excitingadj.令人兴奋的popularadj.受欢迎的discussionn.探讨v.discusslookforwardto期盼，盼望长难句（课前检测学生的句型储备,以老师提问的形式进行。能够精确翻译的为优,模糊翻译的良,不会翻译的为差。）1.Iwon'tdescribewhatIlooklike.（优良差）_________________________________________________________________________________________________句意：我不想描述我长什么样子。本句为宾语从句，whatIlooklike作describe的宾语，要留意翻译时的语序。2.Ittellsanexcitingstorythatmakesyoufeelmanydifferentemotions.（优良差）_________________________________________________________________________________________________句意：这本书讲解并描述了一个会使你感觉到很多不怜悯感的令人兴奋的故事。本句为定语从句，由that引导的从句修饰先行词story.初中阅读中会遇到大量的定语从句，翻译是要留意语序，同时它也是中学英语的语法重点。方法篇“方法得当,事半功倍。”只有语料的积累,没有好方法的协助也是不够的。对于阅读理解解题方法的梳理,能够帮助我们更好地理解阅读理解的命题逻辑,在有足够语料积累的基础上,能够帮助我们争取高分。敬爱的同学,老师已经为你细心整理了阅读理解的解题技巧,快来看看你驾驭了多少？一、阅读理解解题步骤第一步快速阅读全文，了解文章也许。阅读时要留意以下句子：每段的开头和结尾，重要的情节句子，假如遇到未学或不相识的单词或不理解的句子，可以依据上下文揣测，切不行停留而放慢速度。其次步阅读问题，明确要求。把文章后每个题目内容看明白，这样又能协助进一步理解文章的主要内容，详细做题时就能对号入座，找到文章中准确表达所要回答问题的关键句子。第三步通篇寻读，确定段落。也就是带着问题去读，找到要回答问题的关键词、句或意群，以及任何有关答题的信息，用铅笔画下来，以便为下一步答题做好充分打算。第四步逐条分析，对号入座。把须要回答的问题和寻读中找到的信息逐条分析，对号入座。一般来说，出题者问题设计都是依据文章内容自上到下依次设计的，依据难度先解决简单的，最终解决深层次的理解题。第五步复读全文，验证答案。全部题目做完后，必需再细致阅读一遍全文，进一步加深对文章理解，核实所选答案是否正确。二、阅读理解解题技巧初中英语选择型阅读理解题主要分为四种题型，分别是细微环节理解题，推理推断题，揣测词义题和主旨大意题。接下来我们将从这四种题型的定义，设题方式和解题技巧三方面进行介绍。题型题型一：细微环节理解题说明本类试题主要考察学生对阅读材料中的某一特定细微环节或文章的主要事实的理解实力。问题包括询问人（who）、物（what）、时间（when）、地点（where）、缘由（cause）、结果（effect）、文中的数据（data）等。新闻、说明文、广告信息等经常考察这些细微环节。设题方式1.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue/false?2.Whichofthefollowingis(not)mentioned?3.Accordingtothepassage,when(where,why,how,who,etc)…?解题技巧1.细心审题，干脆就题找答案2.变通理解，间接转述找答案3.多点归纳，综合事实找答案典题精析Whichhanddoyouusewhenwrite?About8to15percentofpeoplearelefthanded.Theyoftenhavetousetoolsthataredesignedforright-handedpeople.Soitisdifficultforleft-handerstousemosttools.Ifyouarerighthanded,trythisexperiment:Takeaknifewithyourlefthandandtrycuttingapotatointopieces.Don’tbesurprisedifyoufeelawkward（别扭的）.Ifright-handerscutuppotatoeswiththeirlefthand,theywill.A.gethurt B.giveupcutting C.feelawkward D.changetheirtools本题可以运用到解题技巧1.细心审题，干脆就题找答案阅读题干，确定关键短语为cutuppotatoeswiththeirlefthand，阅读段落，确定关键句Ifyouarerighthanded,trythisexperiment:Takeaknifewithyourlefthandandtrycuttingapotatointopieces.Don’tbesurprisedifyoufeelawkward（别扭的）.“假如你是一个习惯用右手的人，用左手拿刀把土豆切成块。假如你感到别扭并不让人惊异。”，依据句意即可推断出正确答案，故选C。题型题型二：推理推断题说明推理推断题着重考察学生的逻辑思维实力，即要求学生依据文章的逻辑关系进行推理推断。此类题目难度大，涉及面广，如人物的性格、心理，故事的结局、寓意，文章的出处、体裁，作者的倾向、看法等。设题方式1.Itcanbeinferredfromthetextthat_____.2.Fromthetextweknowthat_____.3.Withwhichofthefollowingdoestheauthoragree?4.Thepassageisprobablytakenfroma_____.解题技巧1.通过文章陈述的事实进行推断2.依据文章所供应的的背景，人物的表情，动作和语言进行推断3.依据作者的意图和看法进行推断典题精析Boredomisoftenlinkedwithloneliness,butawriternamedMeeraSyalsaidboredomhadhelpedherindevelopinghermind.Shetoldresearchersaboutherchildhood.Havingfewthingstodo,Syaloftentalkedwithherneighbors.Shealsotriedtodothingslikelearningtobakecakes.“Butimportantly,IThoughtandwrotealot,becauseIwasbored,”Syalsaid.Shekeptadiary,fillinghertimewithshortstoriesandpoemsshemadeup.GraysonPerry,anartist,grewupinafamilywithlittlemoney.Heenjoyedhimselfbymakingupstories,drawingpicturesforhisstoriesandreadingmanybooksinthelibrary.Boredbutfree,hespenthourslookingoutofthewindow,watchingthechangingcloudsandseasons.Perryfilleduphisfreetimewithwhatheliked.Hebecamecreative,becausehecouldthinkfreely.ThewritertalksaboutSyalandPerryto.A.stressthegreatdifferencesbetweenthemB.introduceapopularwriterandafamousartistC.suggestgoodwaysofgoingthroughboredomD.showeffectsofboredomondevelopingcreativity本题可以运用到解题技巧2.依据文章所供应的的背景，人物的表情，动作和语言进行推断题干意为“作者谈论Syal和Perry的例子的目的是什么？”。两个段落很长，我们首先要精读段落，抓住两个人物的看法，第一段中关键句为awriternamedMeeraSyalsaidboredomhadhelpedherindevelopinghermind.意为“MeeraSyal说无聊帮助她发展了她的思想”，其次段关键句为Hebecamecreative,becausehecouldthinkfreely.意为“他变得主动，因为他能够自由思索”，由这两句关键句可知两个人都认为“无聊可以发展创建力，”，故选D。题型题型三：词义揣测题说明单词的揣测实力是阅读理解实力的主要组成部分，是考查对文中关键词语的理解。而且，所考察的词或短语的意义往往不停留在字面上，要依据文中语境来推断。设题方式1.Theunderlinedsentenceinthelastparagraphmeans______.2.Theword“…”mostlikelymeans_____.3.Whichofthefollowingisclosestinmeaningtotheword_____.解题技巧1.通过因果关系揣测词义2.通过同义词和近、反义词的关系揣测词义3.通过构词法揣测词义4.通过定义或释义说明来揣测词义5.通过描述揣测词义6.用学问和生活阅历揣测词义7.依据上下文的指代关系揣测词义典题精析Childrenareexpectedbytheirparentstobereadingatextbookallthetime.However,researchshowsthatitmayhamperthedevelopmentoftheirimagination,whileboredomcangivethemopportunitiestodevelopcreativity.Whatdoestheword“hamper”inParagraph2probablymean?A.Slowdown. B.Keepupwith. C.Gobeyond. D.Giveriseto.本题可以运用到解题技巧2.通过同义词和近、反义词的关系揣测词义阅读本段，会发觉本段中存在转折连词while“然而”，while后的句意为“无聊能给他们发展创建力的机会”，所以while之前的句意应当与之相反，进一步推想词义。A意为“（使）慢下来”，B意为“跟上”，C意为“超出”，D意为“引起，导致”，故选A。题型题型四：主旨大意题说明考查学生对文章主题或中心思想的领悟和理解实力。设题方式1.问标题：Whatisthemaintopicofthepassage?/Thebesttitleforthepassageis_____.2.问中心：Thefirstparagraphismainlyaboutthe_____./Thepassageismostlyabout_____.3.问目的，看法：Theauthorwantstotell_____./Thepurposeofthisarticleisto_____.解题技巧1.阅读文章首尾段和各段开头，抓住主旨段或主旨句2.阅读全文，抓住关键字眼，把握主旨3.以驾驭主旨为前提，处理推断作者语气及写作意图典题精析Inthepast,peoplethoughtitwasstrangetousethelefthand.Youngstudentslookeddownupontheirleft-handedclassmates.Somechildrenwereevenpunishedforusingtheirlefthandtowrite.Butthesedaysparentsandteachershaveacceptedthat.Inalmosteveryschoolintheworld,left-handedstudentscanusetheirlefthandtowrite.WhatisParagraph2mainlyabout?A.Causesofbeinglefthanded.B.Encouragementtoleft-handersC.Punishmentforusingthelefthand.D.Changesinopinionsonleft-handers.本题可以运用到解题技巧2.阅读全文，抓住关键字眼，把握主旨本题考察的是其次段段落大意，要首先锁定其次段的关键词but，but之前的关键词inthepast和itwasstrangetousethelefthand表明白在过去人们认为运用左手是惊奇的，but之后的关键词thesedays和haveacceptedthat表明白现在人们接受了惯用左手的人。所以这段主要是讲解并描述了人们关于惯用左手的人的看法上的转变。可以判定答案为Changesinopinionsonleft-handers.，故选D。语篇精讲语篇精讲阅读问题（抓住题干及选项中的关键词，以便有目的性的通读文章）题号题干及选项1HowisAuggiedifferentfromotherboys?（细微环节理解题）A.Hisnameisspecial. B.Hisfaceshapeisnotnormal.C.Hedoesn’tgotoschool. D.HelikesplayingwithhisXbox.2Whydoesn’tAuggiewanttogotoschoolatfirst?（细微环节理解题）A.Becausehehastostayinhospital.B.Becausehismotherteachesbetterthanteachers.C.Becausehedoesn’tthinkheshouldgotoschool.D.Becauseheisafraidotherstudentsmaymakefunofhim.3Whatcanweknowaboutthebook?（推理推断题）A.Ittellsthestoryofarealfamily.B.Manyschoolsuseittoeducatestudents.C.Adultslikethebookmorethanchildren.D.Theemotionsofthestoryarehardtounderstand.通篇寻读（通读文章，依据问题中的关键词标记出文章中的重点词，短语或句子，为逐题分析做打算）话题体裁字数建议用时实际用时正确率星级日常生活类记叙文3667分钟__/3★★★Wonderisabookaboutaten-year-oldboycalledAugust,orAuggie,whofeelsnormalbutlooksverydifferent.What’sWonderabout?AuggieliveswithhisparentsandsisterinNewYork.Heisanormalboyinmanyways.HeridesabikeandlikesplayingwithhisXbox.ButAuggiehasdeformities(畸形）ofthefaceandlooksverydifferentfromotherchildren.Atthestartofthebook,hetellsus"MynameisAugust.Iwon'tdescribewhatIlooklike.Whateveryou'rethinking,it’sprobablyworse."Inthestreet,peoplelookatAuggieandarefrightened.Auggiehasneverbeentoschoolbecausehehasspentalotoftimeinhospital.Hismotherteacheshimathome.Butnowhe’sten,shethinksheshouldgotoschool.Atfirst,Auggiedoesn’twanttogo.Heworriesthatotherstudentswilllookathimandsayterriblethings.Butwhenhevisitsaschoolwithhismum,helikestheheadteacheranddecidestogo.Auggie’sfirstyearatschoolhasgoodtimesandbadtimes.Hemakessomegoodfriendsbutotherchildrenarerudetohim.Attheendoftheyear,Auggiegoesonaschooltripandafrighteningeventtherechangesthingscompletely.Isitagoodbook?Wonderisanexcellentbook,Ittellsanexcitingstorythatmakesyoufeelmanydifferentemotions.ItiseasytolikeAuggie.Hehasagoodsenseofhumour,sothebookhasagoodmixoffunnyandsadmoments.Butthebookisn’tjustaboutAuggie.Wealsolearnwhatlifeforhissister,andhisfriend,Jack.Wonderispopularwithpeopleofallages.Pre-teens,teenagersandadultsalllovethebook.AbestsellerWonderisRJPalacio’sfirstbook.Onherwebsite,sheexplainsthatshehadtheideaforWonderafterseeingagirlwithdeformitiesonthestreetoneday.Manyschoolsusethebooktostartdiscussionsaboutbullying,friendshipandbeingdifferent.Thebookisverypopularandhaswonprizes.ManypeoplearelookingforwardtoseeingwhatRJPalaciowritesnext.逐题分析语篇解读：本篇文章是一篇日常生活类的记叙文。主要介绍了Wonder这本书主要内容，阐述的道理及价值。1.HowisAuggiedifferentfromotherboys?A.Hisnameisspecial. B.Hisfaceshapeisnotnormal.C.Hedoesn’tgotoschool. D.HelikesplayingwithhisXbox.解析：B.细微环节理解题。依据题干关键短语differentfromotherboys可将答案锁定在原文其次段中。依据其次段关键句ButAuggiehasdeformities(畸形）ofthefaceandlooksverydifferentfromotherchildren.“但是Auggie有着畸形的脸，看起来和其它的男孩有很大的不同。”，A项意为“他的名字是特别的”；B项意为“他的脸型不是正常的”，C项意为“他不想去上学”，D项意为“他喜爱玩他的Xbox。”即可推断出正确答案。2.Whydoesn’tAuggiewanttogotoschoolatfirst?A.Becausehehastostayinhospital.B.Becausehismotherteachesbetterthanteachers.C.Becausehedoesn’tthinkheshouldgotoschool.D.Becauseheisafraidotherstudentsmaymakefunofhim.解析：D.细微环节理解题。本题询问的是“Auggi起初不想去上学的缘由”。依据题干可将答案锁定在文章第三段中，依据关键句“Atfirst,Auggiedoesn’twanttogo.Heworriesthatotherstudentswilllookathimandsayterriblethings.”可知他担忧其他的学生会看他并说一些糟糕的事情。即可推断出正确答案。3.Whatcanweknowaboutthebook?A.Ittellsthestoryofarealfamily.B.Manyschoolsuseittoeducatestudents.C.Adultslikethebookmorethanchildren.D.Theemotionsofthestoryarehardtounderstand.解析：B.推理推断题。本题询问的是“我们能够从这本书中得知什么？”A项意为“它告知我们一个真实家庭的故事。”，依据最终一段中Onherwebsite,sheexplainsthatshehadtheideaforWonderafterseeingagirlwithdeformitiesonthestreetoneday.可知这个故事的想法是来源于一个面部畸形的女孩，而不是真实的故事。B项意为“很多学校用这本书去教化学生”，依据最终一段Manyschoolsusethebooktostartdiscussionsaboutbullying,friendshipandbeingdifferent.可判定此项和文中表述一样；C项意为“成年人比儿童更喜爱这本书”，依据“Wonderispopularwithpeopleofallages.Pre-teens,teenagersandadultsalllovethebook.”可判定此项错误；D项意为“故事的情感很难理解”，依据“Wonderisanexcellentbook,Ittellsanexcitingstorythatmakesyoufeelmanydifferentemotions.”可知在这本书中你能感受到很多不同的情感，所以此项错误，故选B。精讲笔记（学生在老师的指导下,回顾本讲中积累的阅读理解的学问和方法）语篇中积累的词汇（至少积累10个）单词词性及词义单词的运用（激励学生用所学词汇造句）语篇中的学到的方法（至少驾驭2种）细微环节理解题1、2推理推断题3词义揣测题主旨大意题实力提升实力提升基础过关一、词汇/短语英汉互译★单词/短语词性词义normaladj.adj.不同的describev.frightenedadj.adj.可怕的，很糟的v.确定adj.粗鲁的，无理的pletelyadv.excellentadj.adj.令人兴奋的adj.受欢迎的discussionn.lookforwardto二、句子英汉互译★★1.你知道是谁赢得了嬉戏吗？_____________________________________________.2.你能告知我怎样用这个新的电脑吗？______________________________________________.3.Wealsolearnwhatlifeforhissister,andhisfriend,Jack.______________________________________________.4.ManypeoplearelookingforwardtoseeingwhatRJPalaciowritesnext.______________________________________________.5.ThemanwhovisitedourschoolyesterdayisanAmericanfriend.______________________________________________.阅读练习话题体裁字数建议用时实际用时正确率星级日常生活类记叙文3737分钟__/4★★★AlexisMartinisathree-year-oldgirlfromArizona.Shehasn’tstartedkindergarten（幼儿园）yet,butshehasanIQabove160,whichiswellabovetheaverage（一般的）people’sIQ.So,thereisnowonderthatshehasbecometheyoungestmemberofMensa,thelargestandoldesthighIQsocietyintheworld.MensaisaninternationalclubwhosemembershaveanIQscoreinthetop2%oftheworld.Currently,Mensahas3,300membersundertheageof18intheU.S.Alexisisoneofthem.TheaveragepeoplegenerallyhaveanIQscoreof100points,butMartinscored160points,thehighestscoreonthetest.ThedoctorswhotestedAlexissaidshescoredsohighthattheycouldn’tevenworkoutherIQexactly.Theythinksheisevensmarterthan99.9%oftheworldpopulation.Actually,shematchedtheIQsoftalentslikeAlbertEinstein,StephenHawkingandBillGates.IanMartin,Alexis’father,saidhisdaughtershowedsignsofsomeuniqueabilitiesattheageofoneandshebeganreadingbooksforpupilswhenshewasjusttwoyearsold.Nowattheageofthree,Alexisisreadingonafifthgradelevel.“From12monthsold,we’dbedrivingaroundinthecarandshewouldrepeatherbedtimestoriesfromthenightbefore,”hesaid.“Shedidn’tjustrepeatthem.Shecouldremembereverywordofthemexactly.”IanMartinthinkshisdaughteralsostandsoutwhenitcomestolearningnewlanguages.“Anytimeshelearnsawordandjustpicksitupthroughanything,shenevereverusesitintheincorrectsituation,ever,”Iansaid.WhileAlexis’sparentsareproudthattheirthree-year-olddaughterhasbecomeamemberinMensa,theyarealsoawareofthepricethatcomeswitheverygift.ThedoctorssayAlexisshouldneverattendanormalschoolandchildrenwithherlevelofintelligence（智力）oftenexperiencehighanxiety（焦虑）unlessthey’rearoundsimilarlygiftedboysandgirls.Herparentsdecidetofollowtheadviceandtrytolookforproperwaystohelphergetinvolvedintosociety.1.Mensaonlyaccepts__________.（细微环节理解题）A.teenagersunder18intheU.S.B.peoplewithIQsabove160intheU.S.C.talentsintheworldlikeAlbertEinsteinD.peoplewithIQsinthetop2%oftheworld2.Fromthepassage,weknowthatAlexis’IQis__________.（细微环节理解题）A.gettinghigherthroughtrainingB.beyondthelimitoftheIQtestC.abovetheIQofStephenHawkingD.growingtoofasttogetanexactscore 3.OneofAlexis’specialabilitiesisthat__________.（细微环节理解题）A.shecouldreadstoriesattheageofoneB.shecouldwritebooksforpupilsattheageoftwoC.shecanremembereverywordofwhatherparentssaidD.shecanlearnnewwordsquicklyandusethemproperly4.Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?（推理推断题）A.Alexisissuretoexperienceanxietyinthefuture.B.Alexis’parentscan’taffordthegiftsthatshechooses.C.Alexis’parentswon’tbeabletofindheranormalschool.D.Alexismayfeelithardtogetalongwiththeaveragepeople.参考答案基础过关一、词汇/短语英汉互译单词/短语词性词义normaladj.正常的differentadj.不同的describev.描述frightenedadj.胆怯 的terribleadj.可怕的，很糟的decidev.确定rudeadj.粗鲁的，无理的changev.变更completelyadv.完全地excellentadj.极好的excitingadj.令人兴奋的popularadj.受欢迎的discussionn.探讨lookforwardto期盼，盼望二、句子英汉互译。1.Doyouknowwhohaswonthegame?2.Couldyoupleasetellmehowtousethenewcomputer?3.我们也了解到了他妹妹和他挚友杰克的生活。4.很多人盼望看到RJPalacio接下来写的作品。5.昨天参观我们学校的那个男人是一个美国挚友。阅读练习1.D2.B3.D4.DD篇名师点拨名师点拨学问篇高频词单词/短语词性词义拓展驾驭状况优良差possibilityn.可能性adj.possibleopp.impossibleconvenientadj.便利的calmdown安静下来relaxedadj.放松的necessaryadj.必要的opp.unnecessaryhealthyadj.健康的opp.unhealthyaloneadj.单独的spendv.度过，花费informationn.信息separate…from…把…与…分开长难句1.IcanringmysisterwholivesinLosAngelesonViber.（优良差）_________________________________________________________________________________________________句意：我可以通过Viber给我住在洛杉矶的妹妹打电话。本句为who引导的定语从句，修饰先行词sister。2.Thisisanagewhenwecangetsomuchsurfaceinformationaboutotherpeople'slives,butbeingwrapped（包袱）upinwhatotherpeoplearedoingoralwaysthinkingaboutotherpeople’srecognition(认可)ofuscanbequiteunhealthy.（优良差）_________________________________________________________________________________________________句意：这是一个我们能得到很多关于其他人生活的表面信息的时代，但是被别人所做的事情包袱起来或是总是考虑得到别人的认可可能是特别不健康的。本句的前半部分是一个由when引导的定语从句修饰先行词age，后半句是动名词短语作主语的句子。方法篇“方法得当,事半功倍。”只有语料的积累,没有好方法的协助也是不够的。对于阅读理解解题方法的梳理,能够帮助我们更好地理解阅读理解的命题逻辑,在有足够语料积累的基础上,能够帮助我们争取高分。敬爱的同学,老师已经为你细心整理了阅读理解的解题技巧,快来看看你驾驭了多少？一、阅读理解解题步骤第一步快速阅读全文，了解文章也许。阅读时要留意以下句子：每段的开头和结尾，重要的情节句子，假如遇到未学或不相识的单词或不理解的句子，可以依据上下文揣测，切不行停留而放慢速度。其次步阅读问题，明确要求。把文章后每个题目内容看明白，这样又能协助进一步理解文章的主要内容，详细做题时就能对号入座，找到文章中准确表达所要回答问题的关键句子。第三步通篇寻读，确定段落。也就是带着问题去读，找到要回答问题的关键词、句或意群，以及任何有关答题的信息，用铅笔画下来，以便为下一步答题做好充分打算。第四步逐条分析，对号入座。把须要回答的问题和寻读中找到的信息逐条分析，对号入座。一般来说，出题者问题设计都是依据文章内容自上到下依次设计的，依据难度先解决简单的，最终解决深层次的理解题。第五步复读全文，验证答案。全部题目做完后，必需再细致阅读一遍全文，进一步加深对文章理解，核实所选答案是否正确。二、阅读理解解题技巧初中英语选择型阅读理解题主要分为四种题型，分别是细微环节理解题，推理推断题，揣测词义题和主旨大意题。接下来我们将从这四种题型的定义，设题方式和解题技巧三方面进行介绍。题型题型一：细微环节理解题说明本类试题主要考察学生对阅读材料中的某一特定细微环节或文章的主要事实的理解实力。问题包括询问人（who）、物（what）、时间（when）、地点（where）、缘由（cause）、结果（effect）、文中的数据（data）等。新闻、说明文、广告信息等经常考察这些细微环节。设题方式1.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue/false?2.Whichofthefollowingis(not)mentioned?3.Accordingtothepassage,when(where,why,how,who,etc)…?解题技巧1.细心审题，干脆就题找答案2.变通理解，间接转述找答案3.多点归纳，综合事实找答案典题精析Whichhanddoyouusewhenwrite?About8to15percentofpeoplearelefthanded.Theyoftenhavetousetoolsthataredesignedforright-handedpeople.Soitisdifficultforleft-handerstousemosttools.Ifyouarerighthanded,trythisexperiment:Takeaknifewithyourlefthandandtrycuttingapotatointopieces.Don’tbesurprisedifyoufeelawkward（别扭的）.Ifright-handerscutuppotatoeswiththeirlefthand,theywill.A.gethurt B.giveupcutting C.feelawkward D.changetheirtools本题可以运用到解题技巧1.细心审题，干脆就题找答案阅读题干，确定关键短语为cutuppotatoeswiththeirlefthand，阅读段落，确定关键句Ifyouarerighthanded,trythisexperiment:Takeaknifewithyourlefthandandtrycuttingapotatointopieces.Don’tbesurprisedifyoufeelawkward（别扭的）.“假如你是一个习惯用右手的人，用左手拿刀把土豆切成块。假如你感到别扭并不让人惊异。”，依据句意即可推断出正确答案，故选C。题型题型二：推理推断题说明推理推断题着重考察学生的逻辑思维实力，即要求学生依据文章的逻辑关系进行推理推断。此类题目难度大，涉及面广，如人物的性格、心理，故事的结局、寓意，文章的出处、体裁，作者的倾向、看法等。设题方式1.Itcanbeinferredfromthetextthat_____.2.Fromthetextweknowthat_____.3.Withwhichofthefollowingdoestheauthoragree?4.Thepassageisprobablytakenfroma_____.解题技巧1.通过文章陈述的事实进行推断2.依据文章所供应的的背景，人物的表情，动作和语言进行推断3.依据作者的意图和看法进行推断典题精析Boredomisoftenlinkedwithloneliness,butawriternamedMeeraSyalsaidboredomhadhelpedherindevelopinghermind.Shetoldresearchersaboutherchildhood.Havingfewthingstodo,Syaloftentalkedwithherneighbors.Shealsotriedtodothingslikelearningtobakecakes.“Butimportantly,IThoughtandwrotealot,becauseIwasbored,”Syalsaid.Shekeptadiary,fillinghertimewithshortstoriesandpoemsshemadeup.GraysonPerry,anartist,grewupinafamilywithlittlemoney.Heenjoyedhimselfbymakingupstories,drawingpicturesforhisstoriesandreadingmanybooksinthelibrary.Boredbutfree,hespenthourslookingoutofthewindow,watchingthechangingcloudsandseasons.Perryfilleduphisfreetimewithwhatheliked.Hebecamecreative,becausehecouldthinkfreely.ThewritertalksaboutSyalandPerryto.A.stressthegreatdifferencesbetweenthemB.introduceapopularwriterandafamousartistC.suggestgoodwaysofgoingthroughboredomD.showeffectsofboredomondevelopingcreativity本题可以运用到解题技巧2.依据文章所供应的的背景，人物的表情，动作和语言进行推断题干意为“作者谈论Syal和Perry的例子的目的是什么？”。两个段落很长，我们首先要精读段落，抓住两个人物的看法，第一段中关键句为awriternamedMeeraSyalsaidboredomhadhelpedherindevelopinghermind.意为“MeeraSyal说无聊帮助她发展了她的思想”，其次段关键句为Hebecamecreative,becausehecouldthinkfreely.意为“他变得主动，因为他能够自由思索”，由这两句关键句可知两个人都认为“无聊可以发展创建力，”，故选D。题型题型三：词义揣测题说明单词的揣测实力是阅读理解实力的主要组成部分，是考查对文中关键词语的理解。而且，所考察的词或短语的意义往往不停留在字面上，要依据文中语境来推断。设题方式1.Theunderlinedsentenceinthelastparagraphmeans______.2.Theword“…”mostlikelymeans_____.3.Whichofthefollowingisclosestinmeaningtotheword_____.解题技巧1.通过因果关系揣测词义2.通过同义词和近、反义词的关系揣测词义3.通过构词法揣测词义4.通过定义或释义说明来揣测词义5.通过描述揣测词义6.用学问和生活阅历揣测词义7.依据上下文的指代关系揣测词义典题精析Childrenareexpectedbytheirparentstobereadingatextbookallthetime.However,researchshowsthatitmayhamperthedevelopmentoftheirimagination,whileboredomcangivethemopportunitiestodevelopcreativity.Whatdoestheword“hamper”inParagraph2probablymean?A.Slowdown. B.Keepupwith. C.Gobeyond. D.Giveriseto.本题可以运用到解题技巧2.通过同义词和近、反义词的关系揣测词义阅读本段，会发觉本段中存在转折连词while“然而”，while后的句意为“无聊能给他们发展创建力的机会”，所以while之前的句意应当与之相反，进一步推想词义。A意为“（使）慢下来”，B意为“跟上”，C意为“超出”，D意为“引起，导致”，故选A。题型题型四：主旨大意题说明考查学生对文章主题或中心思想的领悟和理解实力。设题方式1.问标题：Whatisthemaintopicofthepassage?/Thebesttitleforthepassageis_____.2.问中心：Thefirstparagraphismainlyaboutthe_____./Thepassageismostlyabout_____.3.问目的，看法：Theauthorwantstotell_____./Thepurposeofthisarticleisto_____.解题技巧1.阅读文章首尾段和各段开头，抓住主旨段或主旨句2.阅读全文，抓住关键字眼，把握主旨3.以驾驭主旨为前提，处理推断作者语气及写作意图典题精析Inthepast,peoplethoughtitwasstrangetousethelefthand.Youngstudentslookeddownupontheirleft-handedclassmates.Somechildrenwereevenpunishedforusingtheirlefthandtowrite.Butthesedaysparentsandteachershaveacceptedthat.Inalmosteveryschoolintheworld,left-handedstudentscanusetheirlefthandtowrite.WhatisParagraph2mainlyabout?A.Causesofbeinglefthanded.B.Encouragementtoleft-handersC.Punishmentforusingthelefthand.D.Changesinopinionsonleft-handers.本题可以运用到解题技巧2.阅读全文，抓住关键字眼，把握主旨本题考察的是其次段段落大意，要首先锁定其次段的关键词but，but之前的关键词inthepast和itwasstrangetousethelefthand表明白在过去人们认为运用左手是惊奇的，but之后的关键词thesedays和haveacceptedthat表明白现在人们接受了惯用左手的人。所以这段主要是讲解并描述了人们关于惯用左手的人的看法上的转变。可以判定答案为Changesinopinionsonleft-handers.，故选D。语篇精讲语篇精讲阅读问题（抓住题干及选项中的关键词，以便有目的性的通读文章）题号题干及选项1Whatdoestheunderlinedword“intrusive”probablymean?（词义揣测题）A.Interruptive B.Helpful.C.Unsatisfactory. D.Important.2Whatdoesthewriterthinkofbeingaloneproperly?（细微环节理解题）A.It’stheonlywaytogetrelaxed.B.Itmakesotherpeoplefeelupset.C.It’snecessaryandhealthyforpeople.D.Itmakesout-goingpeoplefeellonely.3Thewriteragrees .（推理推断题）A.It’simportanttoknowwhatotherpeoplethinkofusB.itsharmfultoalwayscompareourselveswithothersC.technologyhelpsustojudgeandimproveourselvesD.technologyhelpsustoknowaboutotherpeopleclearly4What’sthebesttitleforthepassage?（主旨大意题）A.Istechnologyreallygoodforus?B.Howcanwekeepintouchwithothers?C.Whatisthebestwaytoenjoyourselves?D.Dowespendenoughtimetrulybyourselves?通篇寻读话题体裁字数建议用时实际用时正确率星级社会现象类争论文3737分钟__/4★★★★Thesedaystherearelotofpossibilitiestobealwaysconnectedtofamilyandfriends.NowthatIhavejustmovedloFrance,thiscanbeveryconvenient.IcanringmysisterwholivesinLosAngelesonViber,orIcanSkypemyparentsorfriendsbackinEnglandforachat.However,sometimestheconvenientanddependabilityoftechnologycanbeintrusive.Eventhemostout-goingpeopleneedsome“downtime”tocalmdownontheirownandgetrelaxed.ThisissomethingthatIconsidernecessaryandhealthy.Afterall,youhavetolivewithyourselffortherestofyourlife,soyou’dbetterknowhowtoenjoyyourowncompany.Itcanbeagoodthingtohavetimetoyourselftocollectyourthoughtsandfreeyourfeelings.TodayIwentforawalkbymyselfaroundthelakeandjustday-dreamed.Itwassorelaxingandenjoyableandhelpedmeletgoofmybademotions.However,somehowitseemsrudeorperhapsmakespeoplefeelthatyou'reupsettosaytopeople“I'mgoingtogoandspendsometimebymyself.”Andoftenwhenwearespendingtime‘alone’,weareactuallyconnectedwithapieceofelectricalequipment.WetrytomakesomethingintoaFacebookoraTweettoattractourfriends,orwescroll(滚屏)throughFacebooknosingintootherpeople’slivesorseeingwhatfriendsareupto.Wejudgeourselvesandotherpeoplebythephotostheyputonline,sowecantellhowmuchfuntheyarehavingcomparedtous.Thisisanagewhenwecangetsomuchsurfaceinformationaboutotherpeople'slives,butbeingwrapped（包袱）upinwhatotherpeoplearedoingoralwaysthinkingaboutotherpeople’srecognition(认可)ofuscanbequiteunhealthy.Perhapsthesedaysforgetaboutthesimplepleasureofspendingtimejustforus.Havingsaidallthat,Ialsothinkthatspendingtoomuchtimebyyourselfcanseparateyoufromothers.Isupposeitisimportanttofindagoodbalancebetweenspendingvaluabletimebyyourselfandwithotherpeople.逐题分析语篇解读：本篇文章是社会现象类的争论文。本文主要描述的是当今社会人们大部分时间都在关注别人的生活或在意别人对自己的看法，很少有自己独处的时间这一社会现象。阐述了我们应当平衡留给自己的时间和与他人交往的时间这一观点。1.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“intrusive”probablymean?A.Interruptive B.Helpful.C.Unsatisfactory. D.Important.解析：A词义揣测题。划线词汇出现在文章中的第一段，阅读本段，会发觉本段中存在转折连词however“然而”，however之前阐述的是thiscanbeveryconvenient，即与家人联系是特别便利的，故however后的句子应是与其意思相反的，是消极词汇，所以解除B和D。依据其次段第一句中的calmdown“冷静下来”，可以知道划线词汇为它的反义词，A意为“打搅的”；C意为“不满足”，故选A。2.Whatdoesthewriterthinkofbeingaloneproperly?A.It’stheonlywaytogetrelaxed.B.Itmakesotherpeoplefeelupset.C.It’snecessaryandhealthyforpeople.D.Itmakesout-goingpeoplefeellonely.解析：C细微环节理解题。题干意为“作者认为合理的保持孤独怎么样？”，阅读全文，可将答案锁定在文章其次段中，依据其次段关键句“ThisissomethingthatIconsidernecessaryandhealthy.”“我认为是必要的和健康的”，可以判定正确答案为C。3.Thewriteragrees . A.It’simportanttoknowwhatotherpeoplethinkofusB.itsharmfultoalwayscompareourselveswithothersC.technologyhelpsustojudgeandimproveourselvesD.technologyhelpsustoknowaboutotherpeopleclearly解析：B推理推断题。本文须要我们选择符合作者观点的选项。A项意为“知道别对我们的看法是很重要的”，依据第三段倒数其次行句子“alwaysthinkingaboutotherpeople’srecognition(认可)ofuscanbequiteunhealthy.”可以判定此项是错误的。B项意为“总是将别和我们自己作比较是有害的”，本句话关键词出现在第三段Wejudgeourselvesandotherpeoplebythephotostheyputonline，因此可以判定选项与作者观点一样。CD两项与文章探讨的中心论点无关，解除，故选B。4.What’sthebesttitleforthepassage?A.Istechnologyreallygoodforus?B.Howcanwekeepintouchwithothers?C.Whatisthebestwaytoenjoyourselves?D.Dowespendenoughtimetrulybyourselves?解析：D主旨大意题。本篇文章作者所要表达的观点是我们须要更多的时间独处，A项意为“科技对我们真的有好处吗？”；B项意为“我们怎样能保持与其他人之间的联系？”；C项意为“过得欢乐的最好方法是什么？”；D项意为“我们真的有足够的独处时间吗？”，故选D。精讲笔记语篇中积累的词汇（至少积累10个）单词词性及词义单词的运用（激励学生用所学词汇造句）语篇中的学到的方法（至少驾驭2种）细微环节理解题2推理推断题3词义揣测题1主旨大意题4实力提升实力提升基础过关一、词汇/短语英汉互译★单词/短语词性词义possibilityn.convenientadj.安静下来adj.放松的necessaryadj.adj.健康的adj.单独的v.度过，花费informationn.separate…from…二、句子英汉互译★★1.我怎能限制我自己？我无法冷静下来。______________________________________________.2.在踢足球的男孩们是一班的。______________________________________________.3.Washinghandsbeforemealsisgoodforourhealth._________