三维设计 新课标高考总复习 英语 课件 UNIT 1　SCIENCE AND SCIENTISTS

一、阅读词汇——在词块中明义1．thecontradictorystatements

相互矛盾的陈述2．multipleinjuries 多处受伤3．substantialdonations 大量的捐赠4．officialstatistics

官方统计数字5．quickthinking

敏捷的思维UNIT1

SCIENCEANDSCIENTISTS6．mainfindings

主要发现7．solidevidence 可靠的证据8．castashadow

投下影子9．abstractconcept

抽象的概念10．abrilliantmind 聪颖的头脑二、表达词汇——在语境中活用(一)在括号内写出蓝体词汇在语境中的汉语意思1．Shortagesofprofessionalstaffareverysevereinsomeplaces.(adj._____________)2．MymainreasonforsubscribingtoNew

Scientististokeepabreastofadvancesinscience.(vt.__________)3．Irathersuspectwe'remakingamistake.(vt._____)十分严重的定期订购怀疑4．Youcan'tblameanyoneelse;youalonemadethedecision.(vt._____)5．Iturnedthehandleandfoundthedoorwasopen.(n.______)6．Populationgrowthisdecreasingby1.4%eachyear.(vi.______)7．Industrializationtransformedtheworld.(vt._______)8．Themooncastabrightlightoverthegarden.(vt.______)责怪把手降低使改观投射9．Bloodwaspouringfromhisbrokennose.(vi.______)10．Heisanoutstandingathleteanddeservestowin.(adj._______)11．Shewasanaccomplishedpianist,asuperbswimmer,andagiftedartist.(adj._________)喷涌杰出的有天赋的(二)写出蓝体词汇的语境之义及拓展形式1．Thisisnotnecessarilyproofthatheiswrong.(n._____)拓展：______v．证明→______adj.被证明的；已证实的2．Theincidentwasusedasanexcuseforinterventioninthearea.(n.______)拓展：_________

v．介入；出面；干预3．Myinitialreactionwastodeclinetheoffer.(adj.________)拓展：________

adv.开始；最初证明proveproven干预intervene最初的initially4．Thenewspapercontinuestodefenditspublicationofthephotographs.(vt.______)拓展：_________

n.防御；防务5．Hepraisedherleadershipduringthecrisis.(n.__________)拓展：______

v．领导；导致；通向→________n．领导→________adj.最重要的；一流的辩解defence领导才能leadleaderleading6．Wearemakingslowbutsteadyprogress.(adj._______)拓展：_________

adv.稳定地；坚固地7．Thereportpaintsavividpictureoflifeinthecity.(adj._______)拓展：_______

adv.生动地稳定的steadily生动的vividly三、词块短语——在语境中辨义活用写出或选出加蓝部分在语境中的汉语意思1．Thankstoyourhelp,weaccomplishedthetaskaheadofschedule.____2．Itdoesn'tmakesensetoarguewithhim.________3．Wecandependonitthathewillarrivehereontime.______4．Wehavetohandlethismatteronceandforall.________5．Idon'tsubscribetothatviewatall._____幸亏

有意义相信彻底地同意6．Youmustgetthereintimeeveniftheweathershouldchange.______7．Ihaverarelyhadanychancetoreturntomyhometowninchargeoftheproject._____________

8．Imyselfwillfirmlycarryoutthisplan._____A．继续 B．夺去C．执行

D．延续及时

主管；掌管C9．Whenthewarbrokeout,hewasstilllivinginLondon.____A．脱离

B．插话

C．断绝

D．爆发10．Inwinter,peopleoftencomedownwiththeflu._____A．发生

B．遇到

C．过来

D．感染11．Aboveall,thepickingactivityalsoinspiredourloveforlabour.___A．最为重要的是 B．尤其是

C．毕竟

D．首先D

DA12．I'vegotsomeunfinishedbusinesstoattendtosoIcan'tbepresentatyourparty.____A．处理 B．注意C．照顾 D．参加13．AsfarasIamconcerned,theladyishardtodealwith.____A．处理

B．涉及

C．对付

D．克服AC四、经典句式——在佳句背诵中品悟规则用法1.教材原句Hediscoveredthatintwoparticularstreetsthecholeraoutbreakwassoseverethatmorethan500peoplediedintendays.(so...that...引导结果状语从句)他发现霍乱在两条街道上尤为严重，十天内就有500多人死亡。写作亮句Itstopicsaresowidethatitleadsusintotheouterworldasasilentfriend.它涵盖了的广泛主题，像一个无声的朋友把我们带进外面的世界。2.教材原句Itseemedthatthewomanlikedthewaterfromthepumpsomuchthatshehaditdeliveredtoherhouseeveryday.(have＋宾语＋宾语补足语)该妇女似乎非常喜欢从水泵抽上来的水，每天都让人从那里打水运到家里来。写作亮句YoushouldtryyourbesttohaveyourEnglishimprovedinashortperiod.你应该尽力使你的英语在短时间内得到提高。文化典句YoucanhaveyourvocabularyenlargedbyreadingnewspapersandmagazinesinChinese.你可以通过读中文报纸和杂志来扩大你的词汇量。续表3.教材原句Accordingly,hehadthehandleofthepumpremovedsothatitcouldnotbeused.(sothat引导目的状语从句)于是，他让人拆掉了水泵的把手，这样水泵就用不成了。

写作亮句Hestudieshardsothathecanpasstheimportantexam.他努力学习，以便能通过这次重要的考试。4.教材原句However,whatmighthavemadehimsuchanoutstandingandcreativescientistwasprobablyhisstronginterestinotherthings,suchasmusicanddrawing.(make＋宾语＋宾语补足语)然而，他之所以能成为一名如此杰出、富有创造力的科学家，可能是因为他对音乐、绘画等其他事物有着浓厚的兴趣。写作亮句Throughtheactivity,whatIfeltisthatIamabletoshouldertheresponsibilityanditalsomakesmestrongerandmoredetermined.通过这次活动，我感到我能够承担起责任，它也让我更加坚强、更加坚定。五、“续写”片段——在背诵中品悟如何写靓写美环境描写之活动场景(二)I'msittinginthewarmnightairwithacolddrinkinmyhandandreflectingontheday—adayofpuremagic!IwentsnorkelingonthereefoffshorethismorninganditwasthemostfantasticthingIhaveeverdone.Seeingsuchextraordinarybeauty,Ithinkeverycellinmybodywokeup.Itwaslikediscoveringawholenewdimensionoflife.我正坐在温暖的夜晚中，手里拿着一杯冷饮，回想着这一天——纯粹魔幻的一天！今天早上我去近海的暗礁潜泳，这是我做过的最奇妙的事。看到如此非凡的美丽，我想我体内的每一个细胞都醒来了。这就像发现了一个全新的生命维度。[点评]

本段的活动场景是安静温馨的环境，作者在这样的环境里思想开始奔腾，感觉到自己充满了力量，静中有动的描绘令人回味。1．subscribevi.认购(股份)；定期订购；定期交纳(会费)[题点全练]

写出下列各句中subscribeto的含义①Hesubscribesregularlytocharitiestohelpmorepeopleinpoorregions.______捐助

②Whenjoiningaclub,youshouldsubscribetoitregularly.______③Ihavealwayssubscribedtotheviewthatchildrenshouldbegivenresponsibilityfromanearlyage._______缴费赞成[系统归纳]subscribeto短语中to是介词，后接名词或动名词。表示“赞成”时同义短语有：approveof,agreewith等；表示“捐助”时同义短语有：contributeto等。

2．suspectvt.&vi.怀疑；疑有；不信任n.犯罪嫌疑人；可疑对象[题点全练](单句语法填空)①Thedrugissuspectedof_______(cause)over200deaths.②___________(suspect)nothing,hewalkedrightintothetrap.③(2020·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)．...onhiswaytoBukharahegetsatasteofpolicemethodswhen_________(suspect)ofdrugdealing.④Shesuspected______oneofherthreedaughters—thenten,eight,andsix—hadpickeditup.⑤Don'tsuspecthim___hishonestybecauseheisveryreliable.causingSuspectingsuspectedthatof[系统归纳]suspectsb./sth.of... 怀疑某人/某事……suspectsb.ofdoing... 怀疑某人做……suspect＋that...

怀疑……

3．breakout

(战争、打斗等不愉快的事情)突然开始；爆发[题点全练](单句语法填空/完成句子)①Afirebroke____inahospitallastnight，butnoonewaskilled.②See，yourcomputerhasbroken_____again!Itdoesn'tmakesensetobuythecheapestbrandofcomputerjusttosaveafewdollars.③Tobehonest,itwasonlyacoupleofmonthsbeforethebandbroke___.outdownup④Thesunsoon______________themist.太阳很快就冲破了薄雾。⑤Istronglyhopethatyoucanconsidermysuggestionand______________________________assoonaspossible.我非常希望你能考虑我的建议，尽快脱离电脑游戏。broke

throughbreak

away

from

computer

games[系统归纳](1)breakup

解散；破碎；结束

breakthrough 突破；冲破breakaway(from) 脱离；逃脱

breakin 强行进入；插话breakdown 出故障；失败；(身体)垮掉breakinto 强行进入(某处)；突然开始(笑、唱等)(2)breakout,takeplace,happen,occur都有“发生”之意，都不能用于进行时态，也不能用于被动语态。

1．blamevt.把……归咎于；责怪；指责n．责备；指责[题点全练](单句语法填空/句式升级)①Onceyouformthehabitofblamingsomebodyorsomethingelse____abadsituation,youarealoser.②Lotsofpeoplefindithardtogetupinthemorning,andputtheblame___thealarmclock.③Somesocialappcompanieswere__________(blame)becausetheydidn'tadequatelychecktheirusers'registration.foronto

blame④因为被指责要为学校电脑网络的崩溃负责，简的情绪很低落。→(普通表达)Janewasinlowspiritsbecauseshe______________thebreakdownoftheschoolcomputernetwork.→(高级表达)

___________thebreakdownoftheschoolcomputernetwork,Janewasinlowspirits.(分词短语作状语)was

blamed

for

Blamed

for[进阶学习]系统归纳(1)blamesb./sth.forsth.因某事而责备某人/某物blamesth.onsb.把某事怪到某人头上(2)get/taketheblamefor...为……承担责任lay/puttheblameforsth.onsb./sth.把某事归咎于某人/某物(3)betoblame(for)应受指责难点释解betoblameforsth.意为“应为某事负责或受指责”，其中不定式用主动形式表示被动含义[练重难点](单句语法填空/完成句子)⑤Shelaidtheblame_____thefailureoftheirmarriage____herhusband.⑥I__________________theresult.我不该为这个结果受指责。foronam

not

to

blame

for2．defendvt.保卫；防守；辩解[题点全练](单句语法填空)①Theyhelpedthebodydefenditself____________somekindsofinfections.②Whenthedogattackedme,Idefended_______(I)withastick.③Thetownwallswerebuiltasa_______(defend)againstenemyattacksinthepast.④Thewallwasbuilttodefendtheroadfrom____________(wash)away.against/frommyselfdefencebeing

washed[进阶学习]系统归纳(1)defend...from/against保护……免受；防御defendoneself为自己辩护；自卫(2)defencen．防御；保卫；防御能力；防御物indefenceof为了保卫；为……辩护联想拓展与defend...from/against用法类似的还有：prevent/stop...(from),keep...from,protect...from/against等，上述短语若用于被动语态，from都不可省略[练重难点](一句多译)有些人认为应该训练学生保护自己免遭某些攻击。⑤Somethinkthatstudentsshouldbetrained___________________________someattacks.(defend)⑥Somethinkthatstudentsshouldbetrained_____________someattacks.(defence)to

defend

themselvesagainstin

defence

of3．inchargeof主管；掌管[题点全练](单句语法填空)①Thehousehasbeenin_____chargeofMrBellformorethanayear.②Withher____charge,IwasconfidentallwouldbeOK.③Ticketsareavailablefree___chargefromtheschool.theinof[进阶学习]系统归纳incharge负责inthechargeof由……负责takechargeof负责freeofcharge免费辨析比较inchargeof与inthechargeof的用法区别：前者是“掌管；负责”，一般用人作主语；后者是“由……负责；在……的掌管之下”，一般用物作主语[练重难点](完成句子)④Whodoyoubelieveshouldbe____________suchasituation?你认为谁应该对这种情况负责？⑤Thepatientis_______________thatdoctor.这个病人由那位医生负责。in

charge

ofin

the

charge

of4．dependon/upon

依靠；信赖；取决于；相信[题点全练](单句语法填空)①Youcandependon___thatIwillhelpyouwhenyouareintrouble.②Youcanneverdependonhis________(arrive)ontime.③Hedependsonhisparents_______(take)careofhischildren.④Childrendependontheirparents____foodandclothing.itarrivingto

takefor[进阶学习]系统归纳(1)dependon/uponsb.todosth.＝dependonsb./sb.'sdoingsth.依靠/指望某人做某事dependonitthat从句相信；指望dependonsb.forsth.依靠某人提供某物(2)It/That(all)depends.那得看情况。难点解释relyon,dependon/upon,seeto等词后不能直接跟that引导的宾语从句，通常要用it作形式宾语，把宾语从句放在后面[练重难点](完成句子)⑤Youmay______________hewillcometomeetyou.你放心好了，他会来见你的。⑥He____________thesamemistakedidn'thappenagain.他确保同样的错误今后不再发生。rely

on

it

thatsaw

to

it

thatsothat引导目的状语从句[用法规则](1)sothat可引导目的状语从句，作“以便；为的是”讲，从句中通常用may(might)或can(could)。(2)inorderthat也可引导目的状语从句，但sothat一般不用于句首，而inorderthat可用于句首。(3)当sothat/inorderthat引导的从句中的主语和主句中的主语一致时，可将从句转化为不定式或inorderto/soasto句型。(4)sothat也可引导结果状语从句，意为“因此；所以”。

[应用体验](完成句子/句型转换)①Sheaskedforthewoman'snameandaddress________shecouldrepayher.她要这个女士的姓名和地址，以便她能还钱给她。②Heinjuredhisfoot__________________________inthematch.他的脚受伤了，因此无法参加比赛。③____________

shecouldcatchthefirstbus,shegotupveryearly.为了能够赶上第一班公共汽车，她起得很早。so

thatso

that

he

was

unable

to

playIn

order

that④Theymadealotoflivelyprogramssothattheycouldattractmorechildren.→Theymadealotoflivelyprograms______________________________________.so

as

to/in

order

to

attractmore

children|写作主题——科学精神|“科学精神”主题旨在激发青少年对科学研究的兴趣和好奇心，引导他们思考科学研究的方法，积极参与科学探索，并深入理解科学家必备的品质和科学精神的核心要素。科学的未来掌握在青少年手中，学生应注重培养科学素养，向伟大科学家学习，塑造科学精神与品质，以便未来能肩负起推动科学进步的光荣使命。

FRANKLIN'SEXPERIMENT：HOWMUCHISTRUE?(节选自外研版教材必修第三册UNIT3)BenjaminFranklin'sfamousexperimentwithlightninghasintroducedgenerationsofchildrentoscience.However,newresearchsuggeststhatthestorymaybefictioninsteadoffact.(用however引出文章主题)Thewell-knownstoryisthattheAmericanFoundingFatherandscientistflewakiteduringastormin1752...(讲述了富兰克林的闪电实验过程)Formanyyears,schoolshavetaughtthestoryofFranklin'slightningexperiment.Morethanonegenerationofschoolchildrenhasbeenamazedbyhisbraveryandhisscientificapproachtolookingforthetruth.Franklin,alongwithmanyotherscientists,hasinspiredusandtaughtusthatscientificexperimentsareimportantinordertoestablishthetruthandtocontributetowardslaterscientificdiscoveriesandinventions.(闪电实验对科学的影响)❶However,neitherthestorynorthedetailsoftheexperimentareentirelytrue.❷AlthoughithasbeenprovedthatFranklin'sexperimenttookplace,morethanonescientisthasquestionedwhatreallyhappened.Thedetailaboutthestringandthekeyistrue.ButscientistsallagreethatifFranklinhadactuallytouchedthekey,hewouldcertainlyhavediedfromtheelectricshock.(提出对闪电实验的质疑)...Admittedly,fictionisoftenmoreinterestingthanthetruth.❸PeoplehavebeenmoreinspiredbyFranklin'sspiritofscientificexplorationthanbythefactsthemselves.Butinscience,factsshouldbeprovedbyexperimentsandresearch,andweshouldnotalwaysbelieveeverythingwereadorhear—evenifitisagreatstory.(总结科学探索精神)由教材学写法1．学亮点词汇第三段中的amazed一词形象地写出了富兰克林闪电实验对学生的影响；inspire一词则展现了富兰克林及其他科学家的激励作用。第四段中用question一词写出了科学家严谨的科研态度。第五段中admittedly用于句首，恰当地表达了对虚构故事作用的认可。

2．学高级句式句❶是一个简单句，句中“neither...nor...”结构连接并列主语。该结构连接并列主语时，谓语动词主谓一致要遵循“就近原则”，即与nor后名词在人称和数上保持一致。本句中用这一结构来对富兰克林做闪电实验这一故事，及实验的细节都提出了质疑。句❷是一个主从复合句，句中although引导让步状语从句，该从句中that引导名词性从句作真正的主语，it在句中作形式主语。主句中what引导名词性从句作动词question的宾语。该句式融状语从句、主语从句、宾语从句于一体，体现了深厚的语言功底。句❸是一个简单句，句子运用了“more...than...”结构，表示“比……更……”，对两个方面进行了比较，强调了前者。3．学行文逻辑本文写作结构为“剥笋式”。文章开门见山，引入话题：本杰明·富兰克林关于闪电的著名实验可能是虚构的，而并非事实。然后按照由现象到本质、由原因到结果等层层深入的方式，详述实验过程及科学家质疑其真实性的理由。最后揭示本质：能被实验与研究所证明的东西才算作事实，我们不应全盘相信我们读到或听到的事——即使它是一个精彩的故事。Ⅰ.多积词块——丰富表达方式1．haveaccessto/beaccessibleto

拥有……的机会；可以接近/进入2．bebusywith 忙于……3．concentrateon 全神贯注于4．lightup 点燃；点亮5．takein 理解；吸收6．do/make/perform/carryoutanexperiment 做实验7．cometo/reach/drawaconclusion 得出结论8．gothrough 浏览；翻阅；经历9．referto 参考；查阅；涉及10．haveagoodcommand/knowledgeof

精通……11．achievesuccess 获得成功12．beadmittedas 作为……被接受13．oneofthefourgreatinventions 四大发明之一14．link...with...

把……与……连接起来15．approachto 接近；约等于；……的方法Ⅱ.多积佳句——彰显表达功底1．Ifweareinthehabitofraisingdoubtsastowhetherwhatwearetoldistrue,wecanfindthecorrectanswerandlearnmore.如果我们习惯于对我们被告知的事情是否是真的提出疑问，我们就能发现正确答案并学会更多。2．It'sapparentthatscientificandtechnologicalprogressbringshugebenefits.很明显，科技进步带来了巨大的好处。3．AsfarasI'mconcerned,thedevelopmentofscienceandtechnologyhelpsincreasethequalityofourlifeandmakesoursocietyabetterone.在我看来，科学技术的发展有助于提高我们的生活质量，使我们的社会更美好。4．Theeffortsofscientistsandengineersmakesocietydevelopfaster,enhancenationalstrengthandprovideconvenienceforpeople.科学家和工程师的努力使社会发展更快，增强国家实力，为人民提供便利。一、作文提升练习下面是一篇学生习作，主题是介绍中国四大发明之一的印刷术。请根据上面所学，对习作进行润色、升级。Hello,everyone，Now,I'dliketotellyousomethingaboutprinting,oneofthefourgreatinventionsintheancientChina.TheprintingwasinventedinChinamanyyearsago,makingitpossiblefortheChineseculturetobespreadallovertheworld,whichwasgivengreatsignificancetointhedevelopmentoftheworld.❶ThisinventionaswellastheotherthreeonesisdisplayedintheChineseMuseumanditiswellworthavisit.❷Asmiddleschoolstudentsaffectedbytheamazingancientinventions,