2024高考英语二轮题海特训营14阅读理解主旨大意二

PAGEPAGE1（14）阅读理解主旨大意二1、

Imagine,oneday,gettingoutofbedinBeijingandbeingatyourofficeinShanghaiinonlyacoupleofhours,andthereafterafulldayofwork,goingbackhometoBeijingandhavingdinnerthere.

Soundsunusual,doesntit?Butit’snotthatunrealistic,withthedevelopmentofChina'shighspeedrailwaysystem.Andthat’snotall.Chinahasanevengreaterhigh-speedrailwayplantoconnectthecountrywithSoutheastAsia,andeventuallyEasternEurope.

Chinaisnegotiatingtoextenditsownhigh-speedrailwaynetworktoupto17countriesin10to15years,eventuallyreachingLondonandSingapore.Chinahasproposedthreesuchprojects.ThefirstwouldpossiblyconnectKunmingwithSingaporeviaVietnamandMalaysia.AnothercouldstartinUrumqiandgothroughKazakhstanandUzbekistan,andpossiblytoGermany.ThethirdwouldstartinthenortheastandgonorththroughRussiaandthenintoWesternEurope.

IfChina'splanforthehigh-speedrailwaygoesforward,peoplecouldzipoverfromLondontoBeijinginundertwodays.ThenewsystemwouldstillfollowChina'shigh-speedrailwaystandard.Andthetrainswouldbeabletogo346kilometersanhour,almostasfastassomeairplanes.China'sbullettrain(高速客车),theoneconnectingWuhantoGuangzhou,alreadyhastheworld'sfastestaveragespeed.Itcovers1,069kilometersinaboutthreehours.Ofcourse,therearesometechnicalchallengestoovercome.Therearesomanyissuevsthatneedtobesettled,suchassafety,railgauge(轨距),maintenanceofrailwaytracks.So,it'simportanttopayattentiontoeverydetail.

Butthekeyissueisreallymoney.Chinaisalreadyspendinghundredsofbillionsyuanondomesticrailwayexpansion.Chinaprefersthattheothercountriespayinnaturalresourcesratherthanwithcapitalinvestment.ResourcesfromthosecountriescouldstreamintoChinatosustaindevelopment.It’llbeawin-winproject.Forothercountries,therailwaynetworkwilldefinitelycreatemoreopportunitiesforbusiness,tourismandsoon,nottomentionthebettercommunicationamongthosecountries.

ForChina,suchaprojectwouldnotonlyconnectitwiththerestofAsiaandbringsomemuch-neededresources,butwouldalsohelpdevelopChina’sfarwest.Weforeseethatinthecomingdecades,millionsofpeoplewillmigratetothewesternregions,wherethelandisemptyandresourcesunused.Withhigh-speedtrains,peoplewillsetupfactoriesandbusinesscentersinthewestonceandforall.Andthey'lltradewithCentralAsianandEasternEuropeancountries.1.Chinasnewhigh-speedrailwayplanwillbeawin-winprojectbecause

.A.Chinawillgetmuch-neededresourcesanddevelopitswesternregions

B.Chinaandthecountriesinvolvedwillbenefitfromtheprojectinvariousways

C.Chinawilldevelopitsrailwaysystemandcommunicationwithothercountries

D.theforeigncountriesinvolvedwilldeveloptheirrailwaytransportation.businessandtourism2.Accordingtothepassage,thegreatestchallengetothenewhigh-speedrailwayplanis

.A.technicalissues

B.safetyofthesystem

C.financialproblems

D.maintenanceofrailwaytracks3.Whichofthefollowingwordsbestdescribestheauthor'sattitudetowardsChina'shigh-speedrailwayplan?A.Critical.

B.Reserved.

C.Doubtful.

D.Positive.4.Whichofthefollowingmightbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.NewRailwayStandards

B.BigRailwayDreams

C.High-speedBulletTrains

D.InternationalRailwayNetwork2、

MUMBAI–IndiancommandosbattledintotheearlyhoursofFridaytoendamultiplehostagecrisisinMumbaiaftersuspectedIslamicmilitantskilled125peopleacrossthecity.

OfficialssaidtheyhadalmosttotallyclearedtheluxuryTajMahalhotelwheregunmenhadbeenheldupformorethan24hours.IndiansecurityforcespersonnelreleasedhostagesfromNarimanHouseinMumbai.Thirty-ninepeoplewererescuedfromthefive-star

Oberoihotel,where"moppingup(清理火场)"operationswerestillunderway,policesaid.

IndianPrimeMinisterManmohanSinghsaidthemilitantshadcomefrom"outsidethecountry.”

ThePressTrustofIndiasaidonePakistanimilitanthadbeenarrested,althoughPakistan'sgovernmentfiercelydeniedanyinvolvement.

IndianmediareportssaidbetweensixandnineforeignnationalswereamongthedeadinMumbai--includingaJapanesebusinessman,anAustralian,aBriton,aGermanandanItalian.

Atleastfivegunmenhadbeenshotdeadandonecaptured,policesaid.Fourteensecuritypersonnelwerealsokilled,includingtheheadofMumbai'santi-terrorsquad.

Todrawmaximuminternationalattention,themilitantsusedsmallgroupstoattackatotalofaboutadozentargetsinIndia'sfinancialhub,includingthemainrailwaystation,ahospitalandarestaurantpopularwithtourists.

AnunknowngroupcallingitselftheDeccanMujahedeenclaimedresponsibility,withonegunmantellinganIndianTVchannelbyphonethattheoutfit(装备)wasofIndianoriginandmotivatedbythetreatmentofIndianMuslims.

Upto327peoplewerereportedwounded.

ThemainBombayStockExchangewascloseduntilfurthernotice,aswereshops,schoolsandbusinesses.

PrimeMinisterSinghsaidtheaimhadclearlybeentospreadpanicbychoosinghighprofile(知名度高的)targetsand"indiscriminately(为所欲为地)killingforeigners."

Witnessessaidthegunmenhadbeenveryparticularintheirchoiceofhotelhostages."TheysaidtheywantedanyonewithBritishandAmericanpassports,"saidoneBritishguestattheTajMahalhotel.1.ThefollowingstatementsareNOTtrueexcept________.

A.thirty-ninehostageswererescuedfromtheTajMahalHotel

B.fourteengunmenwerekilledinNarimanHouse

C.thetargetoftheattackwasobviouslyonBritonsandAmericans

D.anAmericanwasamongthekilledforeigners

2.Thebesttitleofthispassagecanbe_______.

A.HostagesReleasedbyIndianCommandos

B.MumbaiUnderTerroristAttack

C.IslamicMilitantsAttackingWesternersinMumbai

D.UnfortunateBritonsandAmericansinMumbai3、IfConfucius(孔子)werestillalivetodayandcouldcelebratehisSeptember28birthdaywithabigcake,therewouldbealotofcandles.He’dneedafanorastrongwindtohelphimputthemout.

WhilemanypeopleinChinawillrememberConfuciusonhisspecialday,fewpeopleintheUnitedStateswillgivehimapassingthought.It’snothingpersonal.MostAmericansdon’tevenrememberthebirthdaysoftheirownnationalheroes.

Butthisdoesn’tmeanthatAmericansdon’tcareaboutConfucius.InmanywayshehasbecomeabridgethatforeignersmustcrossiftheywanttoreachadeeperunderstandingofChina.

Inthepasttwodecades,theChinesestudiesprogramshavegainedhugepopularityinWesternuniversities.Morerecently,theChinesegovernmenthassetupConfuciusInstitutesinmorethan80countries.TheseschoolsteachbothChineselanguageandculture.ThemaincoursesofChinesecultureusuallyincludedChineseart,historyandphilosophy(哲学).SomesocialscientistssuggestthatWesternersshouldtakeadvantagesoftheancientChinesewisdomtomakeupforthedrawbacksofWesternersphilosophy.StudentsintheUnitedStates,atthesametime,areracingtolearnChinese.SotheywillbereadyforlifeinaworldwhereChinaisanequalpowerwiththeUnitedStates.BusinessmenwhohopetomakemoneyinChinaarereadingbooksaboutConfuciustounderstandtheirChinesecustomers.

Sotheoldthinker’sideasarestillaliveandwell.

TodayChinaattractstheWestmorethanever,anditwillneedmoreteacherstointroduceConfuciusandChineseculturetotheWest.

Asfortheoldthinker,hewillnotsoonbeforgottenbypeopleintheWest,evenifhisbirthdayis.

1.Theopeningparagraphismainlyintendedto

.

A.providesomekeyfactsaboutConfucius

B.attractthereaders’interestinthesubject

C.showgreatrespectfortheancientthinker

D.provethepopularityofmodernbirthdaycelebrations

2.WecanlearnfromParagraph4thatAmericanstudents

.

A.haveagreatinterestinstudyingChinese

B.takeanactivepartinChinesecompetitions

C.trytogethighscoresinChineseexams

D.fightforachancetolearnChinese

3.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?

A.ForgottenWisdominAmerica

B.HugeFansoftheChineseLanguage

C.ChineseCultureforWesterners

D.OldThinkerwithaBigFuture

4.Thepassageislikelytoappearin

.

A.abiography

B.ahistorypaper

C.anewspaper

D.aphilosophytextbook4、

Childrenasyoungastenarebecomingdependentonsocialmediafortheirsenseofself-worth,amajorstudywarned.

Itfoundmanyyoungsters(少年)nowmeasuretheirstatusbyhowmuchpublicapprovaltheygetonline,oftenthrough“like”.Somechangetheirbehaviorinreallifetoimprovetheirimageontheweb.

Thereportintoyoungstersagedfrom8to12wascarriedoutbyChildren'sCommissioner(专员)AnneLongfield.Shesaidsocialmediafirmswereexposingchildrentomajoremotionalrisks,withsomeyoungstersstartingsecondaryschoolill-equippedtocopewiththetremendouspressuretheyfacedonline.

Somesocialappswerepopularamongthechildreneventhoughtheysupposedlyrequireuserstobeatleast13.Theyoungstersadmittedplanningtripsaroundpotentialphoto-opportunitiesandthenmessagingfriends—andfriendsoffriends—todemand“likes”fortheironlineposts.

Thereportfoundthatyoungstersfelttheirfriendshipscouldbeatriskiftheydidnotrespondtosocialmediapostsquickly,andaroundtheclock.

Childrenaged8to10were"startingtofeelhappy"whenotherslikedtheirposts.However,thoseinthe10to12agegroupwere"concernedwithhowmanypeopleliketheirposts",suggestinga“need”forsocialrecognitionthatgetsstrongertheoldertheybecome.

MissLongfieldwarnedthatagenerationofchildrenriskedgrowingup"worriedabouttheirappearanceandimageasaresultoftheunrealisticlifestylestheyfollowonplatforms,andincreasinglyanxiousaboutswitchingoffduetotheconstantdemandsofsocialmedia.

Shesaid:"Childrenareusingsocialmediawithfamilyandfriendsandtoplaygameswhentheyareinprimaryschool.Butwhatstartsasfunusageofappsturnsintotremendouspressureinrealsocialmediainteractionatsecondaryschool."

Astheirworldexpanded.shesaid,childrencomparedthemselvestoothersonlineinawaythatwas"hugelydamagingintermsoftheirself-identity,intermsoftheirconfidence,butalsointermsoftheirabilitytodevelopthemselves".

MissLongfieldadded:"Thenthereisthispushtoconnect—ifyougooffline,willyoumisssomething,willyoumissout,willyoushowthatyoudon'tcareaboutthosepeopleyouarefollowing,allofthosecometogetherinahugewayatonce."

"Forchildrenitisvery,verydifficulttocopewithemotionally."TheChildren'sCommissionerforEngland'sstudy—lifeinLikes—foundthatchildrenasyoungas8wereusingsocialmediaplatformslargelyforplay.

However,theresearch—involvingeightgroupsof32childrenaged8to12—suggestedthatastheyheadedtowardtheirteens,theybecameincreasinglyanxiousonline.

Bythetimetheystartedsecondaryschool—atage11—childrenwerealreadyfarmoreawareoftheirimageonlineandfeltunderhugepressuretoensuretheirpostswerepopular,thereportfound.

However,theystilldidnotknowhowtocopewithmean-spiritedjokes,orthesenseofincompetencetheymightfeeliftheycomparedthemselvestocelebrities(名人)ormorebrilliantfriendsonline.Thereportsaidtheyalsofacedpressuretorespondtomessagesatallhoursoftheday—especiallyatsecondaryschoolwhenmoreyoungstershavemobilephones.

TheChildren’sCommissionersaidschoolsandparentsmustnowdomoretopreparechildrenfortheemotionalminefield(雷区)theyfacedonline.Andshesaidsocialmediacompaniesmustalso"takemoreresponsibility".Theyshouldeithermonitortheirwebsitesbettersothatchildrendonotsignuptooearly,

ortheyshouldadjusttheirwebsitestotheneedsofyoungerusers.

JavedKhan,

ofchildren'scharityBamardo's,said:"It'svitalthatnewcompulsoryage-appropriaterelationshipandsexeducationlessonsinEnglandshouldhelpequipchildrentodealwiththegrowingdemandsofsocialmedia.

“It’salsohugelyimportantforparentstoknowwhichappstheirchildrenareusing.”1.Whydidsomesecondaryschoolstudentsfeeltoomuchpressure?

A.Theywerenotprovidedwithadequateequipment.

B.Theywerenotwellpreparedforemotionalrisks.

C.Theywererequiredtogivequickresponses.

D.Theywerepreventedfromusingmobilephones.

2.Somesocialappcompaniesweretoblamebecause

.

A.theydidn'tadequatelychecktheirusers'registration

B.theyorganizedphototripstoattractmoreyoungsters

C.theyencouragedyoungsterstopostmorephotos

D.theydidn'tstopyoungstersfromstayinguplate

3.Children'scomparingthemselvestoothersonlinemayleadto

.

A.lessfriendlinesstoeachother

B.lowerself-identityandconfidence

C.anincreaseinonlinecheating

D.astrongerdesiretostayonline

4.AccordingtoLifeinLikes,aschildrengrew,

theybecamemoreanxiousto

.

A.circulatetheirpostsquickly

B.knowthequalitiesoftheirposts

C.usemobilephonesforplay

D.getmorepublicapproval5.Whatshouldparentsdotosolvetheproblem?A.Communicatemorewithsecondaryschools.

B.Urgemediacompaniestocreatesaferapps.

C.Keeptrackofchildren’suseofsocialmedia.

D.Forbidtheirchildrenfromvisitingtheweb.6.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?A.Theinfluenceofsocialmediaonchildren.

B.Theimportanceofsocialmediatochildren.

C.Theprobleminbuildingahealthyrelationship.

D.Themeasuretoreducerisksfromsocialmedia.5

、Oneofthelatesttrends(趋势)inAmericanchildcareisChineseaupairs.AuPairinStamford,Conn,forexample,hasgotincreasingnumbersofrequestforChineseaupairsfromzerotoaround4,000since2004.Andthat’strueallacrossthecountry.

"IthoughtitwouldbeusefulforhimtolearnChineseatanearlyage,"JosephStocke,themanagingdirectorofacompany,saysofhis2-year-oldson."Iwouldatleastliketogivehimthechancetousethelanguageinthefuture."Afteronlysixmonthsofbeingcaredbya25-year-oldwomanfromChina,theboycanalreadyunderstandbasicChinesedailyexpressions,hisdadsays.

LiDrake,aChinesenativeraisingtwochildreninMinnesotawithanAmericanhusband,hadanotherreasonforlookingforanaupairfromChina:Shedidn'twantherchildrentomissoutontheirroots."BecauseIamChinese,myhusbandandIwantedthechildrentokeepexposedto(接触)thelanguageandculture(文化),"shesays.

"Stayingwithanativespeakerisbetterforchildrenthansimplysittinginaclassroom,"saysSuzanneFlynn,aprofessorinlanguageeducationofchildren.Butparentsmustunderstandthatjustoneyearwithanaupairisunlikelytoproducewonders.Completemasterydemandscontinuedlearninguntiltheageof10or12."

ThepopularityofaupairsfromChinahasbeenstrengthenedbytheincreasingnumbersofAmericanparentswhowanttheirchildrentolearnChinese.ItisexpectedthatAmericandemandforaupairswillcontinuetoriseinthenextfewyears.1.Whatdoestheterm“aupair”inthetextmean?

A.Amotherraisingherchildrenonherown.

B.Achildlearningaforeignlanguageathome.

C.Aprofessorinlanguageeducationofchildren.

D.Ayoungforeignwomantakingcareofchildren.

2.LiDrakehasherchildrenstudyChinesebecauseshewantsthem____.

A.toliveinChinasomeday

B.tospeakthelanguageathome

C.tocatchupwithotherchildren

D.tolearnabouttheChineseculture

3.Whatcanweinferfromthetext?

A.LearningChineseisbecomingpopularinAmerica.

B.Educatedwomendobetterinlookingafterchildren.

C.ChineseaupairsneedtoimprovetheirEnglishskills.

D.Childrencanlearnaforeignlanguagewellinsixmonths.6、

WhydoAmericansstrugglewithwatchingtheirweight,whiletheFrench,whoconsumerichfood,continuetostaythin?NowaresearchbyCornellUniversitysuggestshowlifestyleanddecisionsabouteatingmayaffectweight.ResearchersconcludedthattheFrenchtendtostopeatingwhentheyfeelfull.However,AmericanstendtostopwhentheirplateisemptyortheirfavoriteTVshowisover.

AccordingtoDr.JosephMercola,ahealthexpert,theFrenchseeeatingasanimportantpartoftheirlifestyle.Theyenjoyfoodandthereforespendafairlylongtimeatthetable,whileAmericansseeeatingassomethingtobesqueezedbetweentheotherdailyactivities.MercolabelievesAmericanslosetheabilitytosensewhentheyareactuallyfull.SotheykeepeatinglongaftertheFrenchwouldhavestopped.Inaddition,hepointsoutthatAmericansdrivetohugesupermarketstobuycannedandfrozenfoodsfortheweek.TheFrench,instead,tendtoshopdaily,walkingtosmallshopsandfarmers’marketswheretheyhaveachoiceoffreshfruits,vegetables,andeggsaswellashigh-qualitymeatsforeachmeal.

AfteravisittotheUnitedStates,MireilleGuiliano,authorofFrenchWomenDon’tGetFat,decidedtowriteabouttheimportanceofknowingwhentostopratherthansuggestinghowtoavoidfood.Todayshecontinuestostayslimandrarelygoestothegym.

Inspiteofallthesedifferences,evidenceshowsthatrecentlifestylechangesmaybeaffectingFrencheatinghabits.Todaytherateofobesity—orextremeoverweight—amongadultsisonly6%.However,asAmericanfastfoodgainsacceptanceandtheyoungrejectoldertraditions,theobesityrateamongFrenchchildrenhasreached17%—andisgrowing.

1.InwhatwayaretheFrenchdifferentfromAmericansaccordingtoDr.JosephMercola?

A.Theygoshoppingatsupermarketsmorefrequently.

B.Theysqueezeeatingbetweentheotherdailyactivities.

C.Theyregardeatingasakeypartoftheirlifestyle.

D.Theyusuallyeattoomuchcannedandfrozenfood.

2.Thistextismainlyabouttherelationshipbetween_________.

A.AmericansandtheFrench

B.lifestyleandobesity

C.childrenandadults

D.fastfoodandoverweight

3.Thistextismainlydeveloped

.

A.bycontrast

B.byspace

C.byprocess

D.byclassification

4.Wheredoesthistextprobablycomefrom?

A.ATVinterview.

B.Afoodadvertisement.

C.Ahealthreport.

D.Abookreview.

答案以及解析1答案及解析：答案：1.A;2.C;3.D;4.B解析：1.依据第5段第5句话“It’llbeawin-winproject.Forothercountries,therailwaynetworkwilldefinitelycreatemoreopportunitiesforbusiness,tourismandsoon.nottomentionthebettercommunicationamongthosecountries.’’可知。

2.题眼是diegreatestchallenge,依据第5段第一句可知。

3.依据最终一段可知。

4.文章从一起先就用Imagine,oneday...到其次段Chinahasanevengreaterhigh-speedrailwayplan,第三段第一句,第四段第一句,加上下文有许多的will,would等足以概括出来。2答案及解析：答案：1.C;2.B解析：1.细微环节理解题。文章最终一段说TheysaidtheywantedanyonewithBritishandAmericanpassports,即恐怖分子攻击的对象为英美人士。39名人质是在五星级的Oberoi宾馆被解救出来的。有14名反恐队员在行动中殉职,遇难的外国人中有一位英国人而不是美国人。因此,只有C项的叙述是正确的。

2.主旨大意题。依据全文内容,《孟买遭恐怖攻击》能全面概括文章的意思。其它选项比较片面,应予解除。3答案及解析：答案：1.B;2.A;3.D;4.C解析：1.目的意图题。第一段选说假如孔子仍旧活着并能庆祝生日的话,将会有许多的蜡烛,他须要一个扇子或很大的风才能吹灭,是为了吸引读者的留意力,让读者接着读下去。

2.推理推断题。依据第四段第一句“Inthepasttwodecades,theChinesestudiesprogramshavegainedhugepopularityinWesternuniversities.”和第六句中的“areracingtolearnChinese”可知,美国学生对中国文化很感爱好,故选A。

3.主旨大意题。本文主要向我们介绍了孔子思想对西方的影响,以及将来可能产生的影响,故选D。

4.文章出处题。本文向我们介绍了孔子思想对西方的影响,以及将来可能产生的影响,应当是出自报纸,故选C。4答案及解析：答案：1.B;2.A;3.B;4.D;5.C;6.A解析：本文为争论文。文章主要介绍了社交媒体(socialmedia)使得8-12岁运用社交app的孩子面临许多压力,分析了缘由,并对此提出了建议。1.细微环节理解题。依据文章第三段其次句话Shesaidsocialmediafirmswereexposingchildrentomajoremotionalrisks,withsomeyoungstersstartingsecondaryschoolill-equippedtocopewiththetremendouspressuretheyfacedonline.可知,一些社交媒体公司正将孩子们暴露于大的心情风险下,他们还没有实力应付他们在网上面临的巨大压力。故B正确。2.推理推断题。依据文章第四段第一句话Somesocialappswerepopularamongthechildreneventhoughtheysupposedlyrequireuserstobeatleast13.可知,一些社交apps很受孩子们欢迎,尽管它们要求运用者不低于13岁,言外之意,他们没有对孩子的年龄进行监管,故选A。3.细微环节理解题。依据文章第九段childrencomparedthemselvestoothersonlineinawaythatwas"hugelydamagingintermsoftheirself-identity,intermsoftheirconfidence,butalsointermsoftheirabilitytodevelopthemselves".可知,孩子在网上与其他人比较损害他们的自尊心,自信念以及自我发展的实力。故B正确。4.推理推断题。依据文章第12段However,theresearch—involvingeightgroupsof32childrenaged8to12—suggestedthatastheyheadedtowardtheirteens,theybecameincreasinglyanxiousonline.可知,随着孩子年龄的增长,他们起先渴望上网,再依据13段Bythetimetheystartedsecondaryschool—atage11—childrenwerealreadyfarmoreawareoftheirimageonlineandfeltunderhugepressuretoensuretheirpostswerepopular,thereportfound.可以推断出,他们的压力源于他们渴望自己的发帖能受欢迎、被认可,由此可见他们渴望得到公众的认可。故选D。5.细微环节理解题。依据文章最终一段It’salsohugelyimportantforparentstoknowwhichappstheirchildrenareusing.可以推断出,父母须要了解孩子在运用什么apps,所以应当时刻跟踪了解孩子对于社交app的运用。故选C。6.主旨大意题。依据文章第一段Childrenasyoungastenarebecomingdependentonsocialmediafortheirsenseofself-worth,amajorstudywarned.可知,本文为新闻报道体,文章主要介绍青少年变得越来越依靠社交媒体。再依据全文内容可知文章主要介绍了社交媒体对孩子的影响,故A正确。点睛:推理推断试题属于高层次阅读理解题。这种题型包括推断题和推理题。这两类题经常相互依存,推理是为了得出正确的推断,正确的推断又依靠于合乎逻辑的推理。做好该题型要从整体上把握语篇内容,在语篇的表面意义与隐含意义、已知信息与未知信息间架起桥梁,透过字里行间,去体会作者的“言外之意”。推理推断题经常