《测绘专业英语》课件-1-What Is Geomatics

Unit1WhatisGeomatics?HeNanGeologyMinaralCollegeYangLikun01GeomaticsDefinedCONTENTS目录PARTONE课程内容01GeomaticsDefinedWheredoesthewordGeomaticscomefrom?Ithasbeensaidthatgeomaticsismanythingstomanypeople.Geomatics－测绘或地球空间信息学，这个名词是怎么来的呢？据说测绘学这个词对不同的人有不同的理解。GeomaticsDefinedThetermgeomaticsemergedfirstinCanadaandasanacademicdiscipline,

ithasbeenintroducedworldwideinanumberofinstitutesofhighereducationduringthepastfewyears,

mostlybyrenamingwhatwaspreviouslycalled“geodesy”or“surveying”,andbyaddinganumberofcomputerscience-and/orGIS-orientedcourses.测绘工程首次出现于加拿大并被当作一门学科，许多高校的学术机构在过去的几年当中广泛的推荐了这个词，这个词来源于过去称为“大地测量学”或“测量学”，并且加入了很多计算机科学及GIS方面的课程。GeomaticsDefinedThetermgeomaticsemergedfirstinCanadaandasanacademicdiscipline,

ithasbeenintroducedworldwideinanumberofinstitutesofhighereducationduringthepastfewyears,

mostlybyrenamingwhatwaspreviouslycalled“geodesy”or“surveying”,andbyaddinganumberofcomputerscience-and/orGIS-orientedcourses.测绘工程首次出现于加拿大并被当作一门学科，许多高校的学术机构在过去的几年当中广泛的推荐了这个词，这个词来源于过去称为“大地测量学”或“测量学”，并且加入了很多计算机科学及GIS方面的课程。GeomaticsDefinedNowthetermincludesthetraditionalsurveyingdefinitionalongwithsurveyingsteadilyincreasedimportancewiththedevelopmentofnewtechnologiesandthegrowingdemandforavarietyofspatiallyrelatedtypesofinformation,particularlyinmeasuringandmonitoringourenvironment.随着新技术的发展和不断增长的对空间关系的信息类型的需求，尤其是在测量和监测我们的环境方面，现在，传统测量学定义连同与日俱增的测量的重要性一起包含在这个术语里了。GeomaticsDefinedIncreasinglycriticalareareasofexpandingpopulations,appreciatinglandvalues,dwindlingnaturalresources,andthecontinuingstressingofthequalityofourland,waterandairfromhumanactivities.日益增长的危机来自人口扩张，地价上涨，资源紧缩，还有由于人类活动引起的土地、水、空气质量的持续的压力。GeomaticsDefinedAssuch,geomaticsbridgeswidearcsfromthegeosciencesthroughvariousengineeringsciencesandcomputersciencestospatialplanning,landdevelopmentandtheenvironmentalsciences.这样，测绘学在地球科学，各种工程学，计算机科学，空间规划，土地开发和环境科学相互之间架起了广泛的桥梁。GeomaticsDefinedNowthewordgeomaticshasbeenadoptedbyseveralinternationalbodiesincludingtheInternationalStandardsOrganization(ISO),soitisheretostay.现在geomatics这个词已经被包括ISO在内的数个国际机构所采用，因此它就这样被普遍接受。Theterm“surveyor”istraditionallyusedtocollectivelydescribethoseengagedintheaboveactivities.surveyor这个词按惯例用来总指那些从事上述活动的人。MoreexplicitjobdescriptionssuchasLandSurveyor,EngineeringSurveyororHydrographicSurveyorforexample,arecommonlyusedbypractitionerstomoreclearlydescribeandmarkettheirspecializedexpertise.更详细的工作描述，如土地测量员、工程测量员和水道测量员，一般被从业者用来更准确的描述他们的专门技术。Thetermgeomaticsisarecentcreationtoconveythetruecollectiveandscientificnatureoftheserelatedactivitiesandhastheflexibilitytoallowfortheincorporationoffuturetechnologicaldevelopmentsinthesefields.geomatics这个术语是个新词，表达了实体集合和它们相关联的活动的自然科学，并使这些领域的未来技术发展的结合成为可能。Adoptionofthetermalsoallowsacoherentmarketingoftheprofessiontoindustryandschoolsonaworldwidebasis.这个术语的采用同时也在全世界范围里为行业和学校建立了一个一致的专业市场。Asaresult,bothcourseandawardtitlesinthetraditionalLandSurveyingsectoratmanyoftheworld’sleadinguniversitiesarebeingchangedto“DegreeinGeomatics”.结果，世界上许多一流大学的传统的测量专业的无论是课程还是授予资格都改为“测绘学位”了。Thisdoesnotsuggestthedemiseoftheterm“surveyor”andgraduateswillstillpracticeaslandsurveyorsorphotogrammertrists,etc.asappropriatetotheirspecialization.这并不意味着“surveyor”这个词的消亡，测绘毕业生还将从事适合他们专业的土地测量员、摄影测量员及其他的工作Inthelastdecade,therehasbeendramaticdevelopmentandgrowthintheuseofhardwareandsoftwaresolutionstobothmeasureandprocessgeo-spatialdata.在过去的十年中，在应用硬件和软件的方法来测量和处理地球空间数据工作时有着突破性的发展和增长。Thishascreatedandwillcontinuetocreatenewareasofapplication,withassociatedjobopportunitiesforsuitablyqualifiedgraduates.创造并将继续创造新的应用领域，并为合适的、合格的毕业生提供相关的工作。Asaresult,theroleofthe“surveyor”isexpandingbeyondtraditionalareasofpractice,asdescribedabove,intonewareasofopportunity.结果，“surveyor”的角色大大超越如前面所述的传统领域，进入到新的领域。Inaddition,recentadvancesinthetechnologyofdatacollectionandprocessinghaveblurredtheboundariesofpracticeandactivitybetweenwhatwerepreviouslyregardedasrelatedbutseparateareas.另外，最近的数据采集和处理技术的发展模糊了以前被认为有联系、却彼此分离的领域的界限。Suchdevelopmentsareforecasttocontinueandwillcreatenewcareerpathsforgraduateswhoseeducationandtrainingisbroadlybasedandofahighacademicstandard.可以预见，这种发展继续并将为涉猎广泛、学识一流的毕业生创造新的事业。Toenablegraduatestotakefulladvantageofthesedevelopments,significantchangesineducationandtrainingarerequired.为了使毕业生能充分利用这些发展，必须进行教育和训练的重大改革。Academicandprofessionalinstitutionsarealsoresponding,inpart,byadoptingthetermgeomaticsbothasacourseandasanawardtitle.Institutionn.机构，团体；Termn.术语学术和专业机构也做出了回应，部分原因是将“地理信息学”一词作为一门课程和一个学位的名称。Aworkingdefinitionofgeomatics,whichreflectscurrentthinkingandpredictedchange,is:反映当前思想和可预测的变化的一个现行的定义是：Thescienceandtechnologyofacquiring,storing,processing,managing,analyzing,andpresenting

geographicallyreferencedinformation(geo-spatialdata).测绘学是关于捕获、存储、处理、分析以及显示地理学相关信息（地球空间数据）的科学技术。Thisbroadtermappliesbothtoscienceandtechnology,andintegratesthefollowingmorespecificdisciplinesandtechnologiesincludingsurveyingandmapping,geodesy,satellitepositioning,photogrammetry,remotesensing,geographicinformationsystems(GIS),landmanagement,computersystems,environmentalvisualizationandcomputergraphics.这个内容广泛的词汇适用于以下的科学和技术，并且整合了以下的一些特定科目和技术，包括测绘学，大地测量学，卫星定位，摄影测量学，遥