2025版高考英语一轮复习第1部分Unit3Inventorsandinventions教学案含解析新人教版选修8

PAGE1-Unit3Inventorsandinventions[单词拼法应用]核心单词1．distinguishvi.&vt.显示……的差别；使……有所不同；辨别2．seizevt.抓住；捉住；夺3．filen．文件；档案；文件夹vt.提交；将……归档4．dialvt.拨(电话)5．bearvt.忍受；忍耐；负担6．tapvt.&vi.轻打；轻拍；轻敲n．轻轻地敲击(声)；(水)龙头7．stableadj.稳固的；稳定的；安定的8．merryadj.开心的；兴奋的9．practicaladj.实际的；实践的；好用的10．ripeadj.成熟的；熟的11．abruptlyadv.突然地；唐突地12．productn．产品[语境运用]用所给词的适当形式填空。1．Idialed(dial)120andwaitedthereuntilshewastakentohospital.2．He'stooyoungto_distinguish(distinguish)rightfromwrong，andneedsyourguidance.3．Thatgirltapped(tap)herfingersonthedeskimpatiently.4．Inmyopinion，onlybyfacingdifficultiesbravelyandseizing(seize)opportunitiescanonesucceed.5．Theabrupt(abruptly)changeoftheclimatehasdrawnworldwideattentiontothebenefitofgreenenergy.6．Yoursuggestionsoundsreasonableandpractical(practice)．Ithinkitdeservestobediscussedatthenextmeeting.拓展单词1．criterionn．(评判的)标准；尺度→(pl.)criteria2．mercyn．宽恕；慈爱→mercifuladj.宽大的；慈爱的；慈善的→mercilessadj.残忍的；无情的3．convenientadj.便利的；便利的；就近的→conveniencen．便利，便利；相宜→convenientlyadv.便利地，便利地4．cautionn．当心，谨慎→cautiousadj.当心的，谨慎的→cautiouslyadv.当心地，谨慎地5．expectv．预料；期盼；期望；认为→expectationn．预料；期盼；期望6．innocentadj.清白的；无罪的；天真的→innocencen．天真，清白7．recognizevt.认出，识别；承认→recognitionn．认出；认可；承认8．freezev．冰冻→freezingadj.冰冻的；寒冷的→frozenadj.冻结的9．occasionn．时机，机会；场合→occasionaladj.偶然的；临时的；特别场合的→occasionallyadv.偶然地；时常地10．associatevt.联想；联系n．同伴；伙伴→associationn．协会；联合；关联[语境运用]用所给词的适当形式填空。1．Heisacautiousmanandisalwaysdoingthingswithcaution．Youshouldgetonwithhimcautiously．(caution)2．Heexpectsthathisparentsgivehimlotsofloveinsteadofhighexpectations；otherwisehewillbeloadedwithgreatpressure.(expect)3．Thisismyoccasionalvisittothethemepark，inwhichIoccasionallymeetthecartooncharactersIlikemost.(occasion)4．Inwesterncountries，thenumber“thirteen”isusuallyassociatedwithbadluck，butactuallythereisn'tanyassociationbetweenthem.(associate)5．Heissuchamercifulmanandalwayshasmercyonthosehomelessanimalsbutsometimeshecanbemercilesstothosehedoesn'tlike.(mercy)6．Itisfreezingoutsidenow，andmoresnowisfallingonalreadyfrozenstreets.(freeze)阅读词汇1．patentn．专利证书；专利权2．stainlessadj.无锈的；不锈的；没有污点的3．passiveadj.被动的；消极的；被动语态的4．cuben．立方体；立方5．validadj.有效的；确凿的6．rainfalln．降雨7．personneln．人力资源；人事部；全体人员8．jamn．堵塞；堵塞；果酱9．versionn．版本；译本10．competencen．实力；胜任；本事11．courtyardn．院子；庭院；天井12．perfumen．香水；香味拓展联想1.后缀­ive形容词集锦①active主动的②passive被动的③positive主动的④negative消极的⑤subjective主观的⑥expensive昂贵的2.四个特别的名词单复数①标准criterion(单数)，criteria(复数)②媒体medium(单数)，media(复数)③细菌bacterium(单数)，bacteria(复数)④资料；数据datum(单数)，data(复数)3.“同伴”大会盟①partnern．伙伴；同伴；同伙②maten．(工人间的)伙伴；同事③fellown．同伴④companyn．同伴；伴侣⑤companionn．同伴；陪伴⑥associaten．同事；伙伴熟词生义你知道下面句子中黑体词的汉语意思吗？1．(2024·全国卷Ⅲ)HeturnedupatthehospitalbearinggiftsforthenewmotherLindseyandherbabyboy.携带2．(2014·福建卷)Iworried,rememberingthosesplitsecondsdecadesagowhenmymindwouldgoblankandmyfingerswouldfreeze.停住不动3．(2010·江苏卷)Iwouldlikeyoutomeetthefellowwhoisdistinguishedforbeingtheworstboyinthiscounty.著名的[短语多维应用]高频短语1.call_up给……打电话；使想起2．now_and_then间或；有时3．dive_into一心投入；快速把手伸入4．ring_off挂断电话5．hang_on不挂断；稍等；紧紧握住[语境运用]选用左边短语的适当形式填空。XiaoMingalwaysdreamsofinventinganewmobilephonethatdoesn'tdoharmtopeople'seyes.He①dives_intohisdreaminginventionafterschooleveryday.②Now_and_thenhe③calls_uptoconsulthisscienceteacheronsomequestions.Histeachernever④rings_offuntilXiaoMinggetsasatisfyinganswer.高频短语6.set_about_doing起先；着手(做)7．set_out_(to_do)起先(做)8．out_of_order次序颠倒；发生故障9．get_through设法联系上(尤指打通电话)；(设法)做完；通过；度过10．ring_back回复电话[语境运用]选用左边短语的适当形式填空。Lastyear，XiaoMing⑤set_aboutdesigninghisnewmobilephoneafterhefiguredoutallthepuzzlingproblems.Hedid⑥get_throughalotofpainsduringhiswork.Tohisregret，thephoneheisusingnowisoften⑦out_of_order，especiallywhenhe⑧ringsothers⑨back．Howhehopestoinventhisnewphoneearlier！拓展联想1.“v.＋into”短语荟萃①diveinto一心投入②burstinto突然闯入③runinto撞上④lookinto调查⑤knockinto撞上⑥breakinto破门而入2．“间或；有时”词汇全接触①nowandthen间或；有时②nowandagain有时；时而③fromtimetotime有时；间或④attimes间或；有时⑤onceinawhile间或；有时⑥onoccasion间或；有时[句式结构仿写]教材原句背诵句式仿写应用1.only＋状语位于句首，主句要部分倒装。Onlyafteryouhavehadthatrecognitioncanyousaythatyouaretrulyaninventor.只有当女儿离开家时我才意识到我是多么的孤独。Onlywhenmydaughterwasawayfromhomedid_I_realizehowlonelyIwas.2.so...that...引导的结果状语从句。Thecriteriaaresostrictthatitisdifficulttogetnewideasacceptedunlesstheyaretrulynovel.这次会议是如此之重要，以至于我们每一个人都得出席。Thismeetingisso_important_thateveryoneofusshouldattendit.3.祈使句＋and＋陈述句。Followitup，exploreallaroundit，andbeforeyouknowit，youwillhavesomethingworththinkingabouttooccupyyourmind.尽力和你的孩子成为挚友，这样你会真正地知道他们在想什么。Trytobefriendswithyourchildren，and_you_will_really_knowwhattheyarethinkingabout.精讲4个考纲单词1．distinguishvi.&vt.辨别；显示……的差别；使……有所不同(1)单句语法填空①Asfarasweallknow，LangPinghasalreadydistinguishedherselfasagreatvolleyballcoachintheworld.②Ontheotherhand，ShanghaiMuseum，awell­knownanddistinguished(distinguish)museumathomeandabroad，ismoreprofessionalinholdingpaintingexhibitions.(2)[链接写作]——句式升级(一般表达)Becauseitisdistinguishedforitsattractivescenery，Hangzhouwitnesseslargenumbersoftouristseveryyear.(高级表达)Distinguished_for_its_attractive_scenery，Hangzhouwitnesseslargenumbersoftouristseveryyear.(分词作状语)先理解再牢记(1)distinguishbetweenAandB区分A和Bdistinguish...from...把……与……区分开来distinguishoneself(as...)(作为……)而出名(2)distinguishedadj.卓越的；著名的；杰出的bedistinguishedfor...因……而出名bedistinguishedas...作为……而著名[名师点津]“因……而出名”的其他表达形式还有：befamousfor；bewellknownfor等。2.convenientadj.便利的；便利的；就近的(1)单句语法填空①(2024·江苏卷)Hopefullyin2025wewillnolongerbee­mailingeachother，forwewillhavedevelopedmoreconvenient(convenience)electroniccommunicationtoolsbythen.②Thehouseisveryconvenientfor/toseveralschools.(2)[链接写作]——句式升级(一般表达)I'llcallintwoweekstoarrangeameetingwhenyouarefree.(高级表达)I'llcallintwoweekstoarrangeameetingat_your_convenience．先理解再牢记(1)Itisconvenient(forsb.)todosth.做某事(对某人来说)是便利的beconvenientfor/to...离……近(2)conveniencen．便利，便利；相宜atone'sconvenience在某人便利的时候[名师点津]convenient的主语只能是it，而不行用sb.作主语。3.bearvt.(bore，borne)忍受；忍耐；负担；生育(1)单句语法填空①Bearing(bear)aheavyburden，shehastoworkhardtobringupherchildren.②Icannotbearhisspeaking(speak)tomeinthatrudemanner.(2)[链接写作]——词汇升级(一般表达)Mymotheroftenremindsmetorememberthat“failureisthemotherofsuccess”．(高级表达)Mymotheroftenremindsmetobear_in_mindthat“failureisthemotherofsuccess”．先理解再牢记(1)can'tbeardoing/todosth.不能忍受做某事can'tbearsb./sb.'sdoingsth.不能忍受某人做某事(2)bearaheavyburden肩负重担bearresponsibility/theblame担当责任/受责怪bear/keepsth.inmind记住……4.associatevt.联想；联系(1)单句语法填空①Healthisfrequentlythoughttobeassociatedwithabalanceddietandplentyofexercise.②Weareworkinginassociation(associate)withalocalcompanytoraisemoneyforthehomeless.(2)[链接写作]——一句多译有许多严峻的健康问题与吸烟有关。①Therearemanyserioushealthproblemswhich_are_associated_with_smoking．(定语从句)②Therearemanyserioushealthproblemsassociated_with_smoking．(分词作定语)先理解再牢记(1)associate...with...把……和……联系在一起beassociatedwith...和……有关associatewithsb.与某人交往或打交道(2)associationn．联合；联想；交往；协会；团体inassociationwith...与……合伙/合作[佳句背诵]Ifeelhonoredtohavethechancetolive，workandassociatewiththem.诠释2个核心短语1．callup给……打电话；使……回忆起(1)单句语法填空①Icalledupmymothertoaskifshewantedtolivewithusinthecity.②Theactivitywasaimedtocallon/uponstudentstoexerciseforanhoureveryday.③I'llcallforyouat8o'clockandwe'llgotheretogether.④Thegamewascalledoffbecauseofthebadweather.(2)[链接写作]——完成句子关于友情的这句谚语使我想起了去年我经验的一件难忘的事。Thesayingconcerningfriendshipcalls_up_one_unforgettable_thingthatIwentthroughlastyear.先理解再牢记callat探望(某个地点)calloff取消；停止callon/upon探望(某人)；号召callfor需求；须要；去接(某人)callin邀请；请来；叫……来帮忙[联想发散]与“打电话”有关的短语还有：ringup打电话；ring/callback回电话；ringoff挂断电话；givesb.aring/call给某人打电话；hang/holdon别挂电话。2.getthrough设法联系上(尤指打通电话)；(设法)做完；通过；渡过(难关)；用完；耗尽(1)写出下列句中getthrough的含义①Imanagedtogetthroughthehardworkandthepainwasworthitintheend.设法做完②Icouldn'tgetthroughtohimbecausehistelephonewasoutofordernowandthen.打通电话③Luckily，hegotthroughtheexamandhiseffortspaidoff.通过④Thelittleboygotthroughallhismoneyinjustoneweekandhadtoaskhismomforsomemore.用光(2)[链接写作]——词汇升级(一般表达)Theyarelookingforwardtomyhelpingthemandtheyhopetopasstheexamsuccessfully.(高级表达)Theyarelookingforwardtomygiving_a_hand_tothemandtheyhopetoget_throughtheexamsuccessfully.先理解再牢记getacross被理解；使人了解getawaywith被放过；逃脱惩处getdowntosth.着手仔细做某事getover克服geton进展；进步getin收获[佳句背诵]AccordingtoLee，itwasBen'scarelessnessthataccountedfortheaccident.ButBengotawaywithhiswrongdoing.突破1个高考句型(教材P25)Follow_it_up，explore_all_around_it，andbeforeyouknowit，youwillhavesomethingworththinkingabouttooccupyyourmind.跟随下去，不断探究，不知不觉中，你就会发觉某种值得思索的东西占据着你的头脑。[要点提炼]祈使句＋and＋陈述句(谓语动词用将来时态)。(1)单句语法填空①Giveupsmoking，or/otherwiseyoumaydieoflungcancer.②Abitmoreeffort，Ithink，andyouwillsettletheproblem.(2)[链接写作]——一句多译充分利用各种条件，我们就能取得胜利。①Make_the_most_of_all_kinds_of_conditions，andwewillachievesuccess.(祈使句)②If_you_make_the_most_of_all_kinds_of_conditions，wewillachievesuccess.(if从句)③Making_the_most_of_all_kinds_of_conditions，wewillachievesuccess.(分词作状语)先理解再牢记(1)祈使句＋and＋陈述句＝If...，＋主句(2)祈使句＋or(else)/otherwise＋陈述句＝If...not...，＋主句(3)名词词组＋and＋陈述句[名师点津]上述结构后面的陈述句多用一般将来时。Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Thethiefdivedintothewoman'spocket，stolethewallet，andcouldbefoundnowhere.2．Theboysetoutto_repair(repair)thetelephonewhichwasoutoforder.3．Havingmadeuphismind，hesetaboutundertaking(undertake)theplan.4．Tomwaslostinreadingthenovelsohedidn'thearhisnamecalled(call)．5．Theserviceoffersyoungpeoplepractical(practice)adviceonfindingajob.6．Thosealwaysassociating(associate)moneywithhappinessmayneverfeelhappy，fortheyarenevercontent.7．Whentheiceisheatedabovefreezing(freeze)point，itbeginstochangeintoaliquidstate.8．Readthisstory，andyouwillrealizethatnoteverythingcanbeboughtwithmoney.9．Whenyoucometoschool，pleasevisitmyofficeatyourconvenience(convenient)．10．(2024·东北三省四市联考)Hetookmeasurestomakeuphisfault，whichreceivedourrecognition(recognize)．Ⅱ.单句改错1．Thespeechmainlydealswiththetroublethatyoungchildrenhavedistinguishbetweenrightandwrong.distinguish→_distinguishing2．I'mnotaccustomedtoassociatewithpeoplelikethoseyoungmen.associate→associating3．Wecouldhearawomansingingmerryinthenextroom.merry→merrily4．Therewasageneralexpectationwhatallstudentswouldpasstheexam.what→that5．Ithinkyoushouldbecautionaboutgivingyouraddresstostrangers.caution→cautiousⅠ.课文语法填空依据P20－21课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Whenthewritercalleduphermotherinthecountrysideonthephone，she1.learned(learn)thatsnakescameneartheirhouseandthatthesnakesseemedtohavemadetheirhomeneartheirhouse.2.Hearing(hear)this，thewriterfeltproudandconsidereditachanceforhertodistinguish3.herself(she)byinventingsomethingmerciful4.thatwouldcatchsnakesbutnotharmthem.Shesetaboutresearchingthehabitsofsnakesinordertofindtheeasiestway5.to_trap(trap)them.Shedecidedtocoolthemsothattheycouldbe6.easily(easy)caught.However，herfirsttwoplanswerenot7.successful(success)．Sheclearlyrealizedthatsheneededtoimproveherdesignagain.Asaresult，shehadtoattempt8.athirdtime，whichhelpedherfulfillheraimsuccessfully.Shewas9.sodelightedthatshewasdeterminedtosendher10.invention(invent)tothepatentofficetogetrecognitionforhersuccessfulidea.Ⅱ.写作改错双练依据提示运用本单元所学学问完成下面小