Unit 5 Learning About Language 课时练 （解析版）

Ⅰ.单句语法填空1.Thecompany(arrange)forataxitomeetyouattheairporttomorrow.

2.Don’ttakeitseriously.He(tease)justnow.

3.Aninterestingbookhitsthe(shelf)nextmonthinvolvingaformerfamousbaseballplay.

4.Evenduringwar,lifemustgoonfor

(civilian).

5.Sheprovided(emotion)supportataverydepressingtimeforme.

1.willarrange2.wasteasing3.shelves4.civilians5.emotionalⅡ.根据语境翻译画线短语、判断加黑单词的词性和词义1.Myheartbegantoraceandmymindwentblank.翻译

词性词义

2.Atthe

core

ofthe

\o"academic"academic

\o"study"studies

isa

\o"basic"basic

\o"rule"rule:

\o"investor"Investors

\o"believe"believe

inmarketeconomy.翻译

词性词义

3.Theboatwasdashedrepeatedlyagainsttherocks.翻译词性词义

4.Ihad

\o"trouble"trouble

\o"understanding"understanding

theFrench,soIgottheEnglish

version

ofthebookfromthe

\o"library"library

andreadit.翻译词性词义变成空白;adj.空白的，空的；茫然的在的中心;n.中心部分；核心，要点反复地撞；adv.重复地，再三地英语版本；n.样式，型号；（电影、剧本、乐曲等的）版本Ⅲ.单句语法专练1.（2020·江苏卷）Manylessonsarenowavailableonline,from__________studentscanchooseforfree.2.（2020·天津卷）Dr.Rowan,__________secretaryresignedtwoweeksago,hashadtodoallhisowntyping.3.（2020·新课标Ⅲ卷）InancientChinalivedanartistpaintingswerealmostlifelike.4.Wehaveenteredintoanage_______dreamshavethebestchanceofcomingtrue.5.Theirchildisatthestage__________shecansayindividualwordsbutnotfullsentences.6.Sheandherfamilybicycletowork,_________helpsthemkeepfit.7.NowIreneAstburyworksfrom9amto5pmdailyatthepetshopinMacclesfield，______sheopenedwithherlatehusbandLes.8.Theywerewelltrainedbytheirmasters_____hadgreatexperiencewithcaringfortheseanimals.9.Thesmallproblems______wemeetinourdailylivesmaybeinspirationsforgreatinventions.10.Ontheedgeofthejacket,thereisapieceofcloth______givesofflightinthedark.1.which2.whose3.whose4.when5.where6.which7.which8.who9.that/which10.that/whichⅣ.结合本单元语法点完成句子我的大儿子，他的工作把他带到了世界各地，目前在纽约。Myeldestson,takeshimallovertheworld,isinNewYorkatthemoment.2.许多年轻人，其中大多数受过良好教育，前往偏远地区追逐梦想。Manyyoungpeople,most______werewell-educated,headedforremoteregionstochasetheirdreams.我们将把公园里的野餐推迟到下周，那时天气可能会更好。Wewillputoffthepicnicintheparkuntilnextweek,____theweathermaybebetter.whosework2.ofwhom3.whenV.阅读理解Poetryisoneofmankind’soldestartforms.SincefirstanalyzedbyAristotle,poetryhasbeenpartofeverymajorartmovement,andsomesayitexpressesemotionbetterthananyotherforms.Readingpoetryisnecessarytogainafullunderstandingoftheworldandhasmanyadditionalbenefits.Theimmediatebenefitsofreadingpoetryareimprovementstovocabulary.Poetrymakesthereaderfamiliarwithnewtermsandencouragesverbalanalysis.Thispresentsreadingasacreativeactinitsownright.Thecommonpracticeofmemorizingpoemsalsoimproveslong-termbrainhealth.StudieshaveshownthatpeoplewhomemorizeandrecallpoemsaremoreresistanttoAlzheimer’s(阿尔茨海默病).Poetryalsoimprovescriticalthinkingbyforcingareadertothink.Ingreatpoetry,meaningisnotobviousorone-dimensional(维度).Understandingpoetryisanactivepractice,ratherthanthepassiveengagementencouragedwithotherforms.Readersofpoetryaremorelikelythannon-readerstoanalyzeinformationforviewpoints.Thisskillbenefitsnotonlystudents,butalsoanyonewhowantstoformtheirownopinionsofnewsitemsorgainabetterperspective(观点)upondocumentslikecontracts.Thecriticalthinkingskillsdevelopedthroughreadingpoetrygivegreatercontroloverlanguageitself.Themostremarkablepowerofliteratureisitsabilitytounitereaderandwriteracrosstimeandculturalboundaries,whichpoetryoffersinapowerfulway.Poetrysetsoffmemoriesandemotionsinitsreaders.Thisconnectionbetweenuniversalemotionsandpersonalexperienceencouragesthedevelopmentofempathy.AreadermighthavenopracticalideaofwhatlifewaslikeduringtheElizabethan-erainEngland.However,Shakespeare’sSonnets(十四行诗)withtheiruniversalthemesofloveandlonging,canbridgethegapofcenturiesandhelpusgainaninsightintopeople’sfeelingsinthe17thcentury.8．Whichofthefollowingshowsthebenefitmemorizingpoetrybringstothebrain?A．Itmakesoneactmorecreatively.B．Itimprovespeopledlong-termmemory.C．Itimprovesone’sabilityofanalyzingissues.D．ItmakesonelesslikelytocatchAlzheimer’s.9．Inwhatwaydoespoetryimprovecriticalthinking?A．Readershavetohaveagoodcontroloverlanguage.B．Readersmustunderstandtheobviousmeaningofpoetry.C．Readershavetoanalyzeinformationtoformviewpoints.D．Readershavetogainabetterperspectiveupondocuments.10．WhydoestheauthormentionShakespeare’sSonnets?A．Toshowtheuniversalthemesofpoetry.B．Toshowpoetryhelpsdevelopourempathy.C．ToshowShakespeare’sunderstandingoflife.D．Toshowpoetrymotivatesuslearndifferentcultures.11．Whatmightbethebesttitleofthetext?A．Rewardsofreadingpoetry.B．Waystoappreciatepoetry.C．Reasonsforreadingpoetry.D．Significanceofpoetryinhistory.本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了读诗对于全面了解世界这一好处之外，而且还有许多额外的好处。1．细节理解题。第二段最后一句提到“Thecommonpracticeofmemorizingpoemsalsoimproveslong-termbrainhealth.StudieshaveshownthatpeoplewhomemorizeandrecallpoemsaremoreresistanttoAlzheimer’s.”（背诵诗歌也能促进大脑的长期健康。研究表明，记忆和回忆诗歌的人对老年痴呆症的抵抗力更强。）由此判断，背诵诗歌可以降低患上老年痴呆症的可能性。故选D。2．细节理解题。第三段提到“Readersofpoetryaremorelikelythannon-readerstoanalyzeinformationforviewpoints.Thisskillbenefitsnotonlystudents,butalsoanyonewhowantstoformtheirownopinionsofnewsitemsorgainabetterperspectiveupondocumentslikecontracts.Thecriticalthinkingskillsdevelopedthroughreadingpoetrygivegreatercontroloverlanguageitself.”（诗歌的读者比不读者更有可能分析信息的观点。这项技能不仅有利于学生，也有利于任何想要对新闻形成自己的看法或对合同等文件有更好的看法的人。通过阅读诗歌而培养的批判性思维能力，可以更好地控制语言本身。）由此判断，诗歌读者可以通过分析某些信息来提升自己批判性思维。故选C。3．推理判断题。最后一段提到“Thisconnectionbetweenuniversalemotionsandpersonalexperienceencouragesthedevelopmentofempathy.”（Thisconnectionbetweenuniversalemotionsandpersonalexperienceencouragesthedevelopmentofempathy.）以及“Shakespeare’sSonnetswiththeiruniversalthemesofloveandlonging,canbridgethegapofcenturiesandhelpusgainaninsightintopeople’sfeelingsinthe17thcentury.”（莎士比亚十四行诗的普遍主题是爱和渴望，它可以跨越世纪的鸿沟，帮助我们了解17世纪人们的感受。）由此判断，作者提到莎士比亚的十四行诗是为了告知人们诗歌可以帮助提升读者的同理心，感受作者在写诗歌时当下的环境和心态。故选B。4．主旨大意题。第一段提到“Readingpoetryisnecessarytogainafullunderstandingoftheworldandhasmanyadditionalbenefits.”（读诗对于全面了解世界是必要的，而且还有许多额外的好处。）第二段提到了读诗可以降低患老年痴呆症的可能性，第三段提到了诗歌对于批判性思维的发展，最后一段提到了诗歌对同理心发展的提升。由此判断，全文提到的是阅读诗歌的相关好处。A项“Rewardsofreadingpoetry.”（读诗的回报）。该项符合文意。故选A。VI.完形填空（2022·湖南·雅礼中学高三阶段练习）YearsagoafarmerownedlandalongtheAtlanticseacoast.Heconstantly____1____hiredhands.Mostpeoplewere____2___toworkonfarmsalongtheAtlantic.Theyfearedtheawful____3____thatsweptacrosstheAtlantic,causinggreatdamagetothebuildingsandcrops.Asthefarmerinterviewedapplicantsforthejob,hereceivedasteadystreamof____4____.Finally,ashort,thinman,wellpastmiddleage,____5____thefarmer.“Areyouagoodfarmhand?”thefarmeraskedhim.“Well,Icansleepwhenthewind____6____,”answeredthelittleman.Althoughpuzzledbythisanswer,thefarmer,____7____forhelp,hiredhim.Thelittlemanworkedwellaroundthefarm,busy____8____,andthefarmerfeltsatisfiedwiththeman’swork.Thenonenightthewindhowledloudlyinfrom____9____.Jumpingoutofbed,thefarmergrabbedalanternandrushednextdoortothehiredhand’ssleepingquarters.He_____10_____thelittlemanandyelled,“Getup!Astormiscoming!Tiethingsdownbeforetheyblowaway!”Thelittlemanrolledoverinbedandsaid_____11_____,“Nosir.Itoldyou,Icansleepwhenthewindblows.”Enraged(激怒)bytheresponse,thefarmerhadintendedtofirehimonthespot._____12_____,hehurriedoutsidetoprepareforthestorm.Tohis_____13_____,hediscoveredthatallofthehaystackshadbeencoveredwithtarpaulins(防水帆布).Thecowswereinthebarn,andthechickenswereinthecoops(笼子).The_____14_____werebarredandthewindowsweretightly_____15_____.Everythingwastieddown.Nothingcouldblowaway.Thefarmerthenunderstoodwhathishiredhandmeant,sohereturnedtohisbedtoalsosleepwhilethewindblew.1．A．calledoff B．pickedout C．advertisedfor D．lookedout2．A．open-minded B．unwilling C．confident D．longing3．A．earthquake B．dust C．pests D．storms4．A．comments B．deals C．suggestions D．refusals5．A．approached B．appointed C．appreciated D．approved6．A．whistles B．blows C．breezes D．dies7．A．thankful B．ashamed C．desperate D．ready8．A．fromtimetotime B．invain C．againsthiswill D．fromdawntodusk9．A．offshore B．thebackyard C．nearby D．beneath10．A．left B．watched C．shook D．touched11．A．apologetically B．carefully C．firmly D．purposefully12．A．Consequently B．Instead C．Meanwhile D．Otherwise13．A．disappointment B．advantage C．credit D．amazement14．A．doors B．crops C．floors D．walls15．A．broken B．secured C．linked D．built这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了很多年前，一个农场主在大西洋沿岸有一块土地，他经常贴广告雇用人手。可是，很多人都不愿意在大西洋岸边的农场干活，他们害怕大西洋上空剧烈的风暴会破坏房屋和庄稼。所以当这个农场主招工面试时，得到的都是否定的答案，直到一个矮小、瘦弱的男人出现。本文中的矮小农夫告诉我们一个人生哲理：凡事我们要提前做好准备，而不是等到危险和灾难到来后才拼命地临时应对。1．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：他总是登广告招聘人手。A.calledoff取消；B.pickedout挑选；C.advertisedfor登广告招聘……；D.lookedout注意。由下文“Asthefarmerinterviewedapplicants”可知个农民总是登广告招聘求职者；故选C项。2．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：大多数人不愿意在大西洋沿岸的农场工作。A.open-minded思想开明的；B.unwilling不愿意的；C.confident自信的；D.longing渴望的。由下文“Theyfearedtheawful___thatsweptacrosstheAtlantic,causinggreatdamagetothebuildingsandcrops.”推知，他们大多不愿意在大西洋沿岸的农场工作；故选B项。3．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们害怕横扫大西洋的可怕暴风雨，对建筑物和农作物造成巨大破坏。A.earthquake地震；B.dust粉尘；C.pests害虫；D.storms暴风雨。由文章第二段最后一句“Well,Icansleepwhenthewind____,”answeredthelittleman.”可知这个矮小的男人提到了thewind，故推知本处讲的是大多人数害怕横扫大西洋的可怕暴风雨，所以不愿意来这边工作；故选D项。4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当这位农民面试求职者时，他收到了源源不断的拒绝。A.comments评论。B.deals协议；C.suggestions建议；D.refusals拒绝。结合上文内容，因为大多数人害怕横道大西洋的可怕暴风雨所以不愿意来工作，所以当这位农民在面试求职者时，会受到源源不断的拒绝；故选D项。5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：最后，一个身材矮小、过了中年的瘦男人走近了农夫。A.approached走进，靠近；B.appointed指定；C.appreciated感激；D.approved批准。根据下文““Areyouagoodfarmhand?”thefarmeraskedhim.“Well,Icansleepwhenthewind___,”answeredthelittleman.””可知，这个矮小的男人走近了农民，然后才有他俩之间的对话；故选A项。6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“好吧，我可以在刮风的时候睡觉，”小个子男人回答。A.whistles呼啸；B.blows刮；C.breezes吹微风；D.dies消失。根据文章第五段“Nosir.Itoldyou,Icansleepwhenthewindblows.”推知，本处说的是刮风的时候；故填B项。7．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管对这个答案感到困惑，但迫切需要帮助的农民还是雇用了他。A.thankful感谢的；B.ashamed感到惭愧的；C.desperate极需要的；D.ready准备好的。因为大多数人不愿在这边工作，农民被源源不断的拒绝，所以农场那边一直缺人，好不容易有个人走过来，所以推知农民是因急需要雇人干活而雇佣了他，虽然他对这个男人的答案感到困惑；故选C项。8．考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：小个子男人在农场周围干得不错，从早到晚忙忙碌碌，农夫对他的工作感到满意。A.fromtimetotime有时；B.invain徒然；C.againsthiswill违背意愿地；D.fromdawntodusk从早到晚。由本句“Thelittlemanworkedwellaroundthefarm,busy___,andthefarmerfeltsatisfiedwiththeman’swork.”可知农民对这个小个子男人的工作很满意，这个男人干得不错，推知是从早忙到晚，表明他卖力干活；故选D项。9．考查副词和名词词义辨析。句意：然后有一天晚上，风从海上呼啸而来。A.offshore近海地；B.thebackyard后院；C.nearby附近；D.beneath在下方。由常识可知大西洋沿岸的风暴是来自于海上的；故选A项。10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他摇晃着小个子男人，喊道：“起来！一场风暴即将来临！在它们被吹走之前把东西绑起来！”A.left离开；B.watched观看；C.shook摇动；D.touched触摸。由下一段“Thelittlemanrolledoverinbedandsaid____,“Nosir.Itoldyou,Icansleepwhenthewindblows.””可知小个子男人正在床上应该是在休息，故推知农民在看到风暴来的时候去摇晃躺在床上的小个子男人让他赶快起来；故选C项。11．考查副词词义辨析。句意：小个子男人在床上翻了个身，坚定地说：“不，先生。我告诉过你，刮风的时候我可以睡觉了”A.apologetically抱歉地；B.carefully认真地；C.firmly坚定地；D.purposefully有目的地。由本句““Nosir.ltoldyou,Icansleepwhenthewindblows.””推知，小个子男人说这个话的时候的应该坚定的；故选C项。12．考查副词词义辨析。句意：相反，他匆匆忙忙地跑出去为暴风雨做准备。A.Consequently因此；B.Instead相反；C.Meanwhile与此同时；D.Otherwise另外，否则。由上文“Enraged(激怒)bytheresponse,thefarmerhadintendedtofirehimonthespot”可知农民被他的反应所激怒，打算当场解雇他；本句“____,hehurriedoutsidetoprepareforthestorm.”可知农民并没有立马说出或者做出解雇小个子男人的行为，而是跑出去为暴风雨作准备，即上句与本句之间表述的行为是相反的，故选B项。13．考查名词词义辨析。句意：令他吃惊的是，他发现所有的干草堆都盖上了防水布。A.disappointment失望；B.advantage优势；C.credit信用；D.amazement惊奇。由上句“___,hehurriedoutsidetoprepareforthestorm.”和本句“Tohis___,hediscoveredthatallofthehaystackshadbeencoveredwithtarpaulins(防水帆布).”可知他发现他将要做的事情已经做过了，推知他是很吃惊的，Toone’samazement译为“令某人吃惊的是”，符合题意；故选D项。14．考查名词词义辨析。句意：门也闩上了，窗户紧紧地栓住了。A.doors门；B.crops农作物；C.floors地面；D.walls墙。由下句“Everythingwastieddown.Nothingcouldblowaway.”推知，门也闩好了；故选A项。15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：门也闩上了，窗户紧紧地栓住了。A.broken折断；B.secured拴紧；C.linked连接；D.built建造。由下句“Everythingwastieddown.Nothingcouldblowaway.”可知所有的一切都被栓好了，没有什么会被吹走，推知“The

____werebarredandthewindowsweretightly____”表述的是门被也闩上了，窗户也被紧紧拴牢了，故选B项。VII.语法填空Areyoufacingasituationthatlooksimpossibletofix?In1969，thepollutionwasterriblealongtheCuyahogaRivernearCleveland,Ohio.It__1__(be)unimaginablethatitcouldeverbecleanedup.Theriverwassopollutedthatit__2__(actual)caughtfireandburned.Now,yearslater,thisriverisoneof__3__mostoutstandingexamplesofenvironmentalclean­up.Buttheriverwasn'tchangedinafewdays__4__evenafewmonths.Ittookyearsofwork__5__(reduce)theindustrialpollutionandcleanthewater.Finally,thathardworkpaidoffandnowthewaterintheriveris__6__(clean)thanever.Maybeyouarefacinganimpossiblesituation.Maybeyouhaveahabit__7__isdrivingyourfamilycrazy.Possiblyyoudrinktoomuchordon'tknowhowtocontrolyourcreditcarduse.Whenyoufacesuchanimpossiblesituation，don'tyouwantaquickfixandsomethingtochangeimmediately?Whilethereare__8__(amaze)storiesofinstanttransformation,formostofusthe__9__(change)aregradualandrequirealotofeffortandwork,likecleaningupapollutedriver.Justbe__10__(patience).1.2.3.4.5.

6.7.8.9.10.

【解析】本文是一篇议论文。文章论述了当人们遇到看起来不可能做的事情时应该怎样做。短文以治理长期被污染的河流为例，为我们讲述了这样的道理：对于我们大多数人来说，做出改变需要的是努力和耐心。1.was上文提到的事情是1969年的事情，