主题十 社会贡献-高考英语新高考总复习主要知识点讲解

主题十社会贡献高考英语新高考适用词汇清单目录考点清单即练即清话题写作一、主题词汇社会服务housingn.住房;住宅charityn.慈善机构foundationn.基金会;基础ministryn.(政府的)部embassyn.大使馆instituten.机构;研究院academyn.研究院departmentn.部门;系;局fountainn.喷泉washroomn.洗手间;厕所chiefadj.主要的n.首领civilianadj.平民的n.平民civiladj.公民的jointadj.联合的,共同的solidadj.可靠的;坚实的

n.固体relevantadj.有关的,切题的phenomenonn.现象aspectn.方面;层面communityn.社区;社会privilegen.特权;优惠待遇返回目录志愿行为fundv.为……提供资金sponsorv.资助n.赞助者donatev.捐赠,捐献contributionn.贡献commitv.全心全意投入;犯(罪)devotevt.专心于dedicatevt.把……奉献给acknowledgevt.承认;(公开)感谢handlevt.处理n.把手;柄tacklevt.解决(难题)assistv.协助,帮助grantvt.同意;准许n.拨款convincevt.使相信;说服protestv.抗议advocatev.倡导

n.提倡者;拥护者volunteerv.自愿做;义务做

n.义务工作者;志愿者earnvt.&vi.赢得;赚得返回目录医学领域vaccinen.疫苗drugn.药物,药材pilln.药丸,药片treatmentn.治疗;疗法physiciann.医生surgeryn.外科手术surgeonn.外科医生celln.细胞organn.器官pulsen.脉搏v.跳动physiologyn.生理学;生理机能proteinn.蛋白质contractvt.感染(疾病);与……订立合同

n.合同;契约extractn.提取物;摘录

vt.提取;(用力)拔出返回目录clinicn.诊所;门诊部diseasen.疾病,病cancern.癌;癌症;毒瘤flun.流感virusn.病毒bacteriumn.(pl.-ria)细菌infectionn.感染;传染severeadj.很严重的scientificadj.科学的theoryn.理论;学说findingn.研究的结果;发现evidencen.证明;证据awardvt.授予;给予n.奖conclusionn.结论suspectv.怀疑memoryn.记忆返回目录农业与经济领域grainn.谷物,粮食wheatn.小麦ripeadj.成熟的yieldn.产量;产出

vt.出产;产生(效益等)

vi.屈服;让步outputn.产量;输出vt.输出organicadj.有机的;绿色的generatevt.产生,创造groceryn.食品杂货店workshopn.车间,工场workplacen.工作场所cheesen.干酪;奶酪pann.平底锅;烤盘parceln.包裹

vt.裹好;打包gainvt.&vi.获得,受益

n.利益obtainv.获得,得到statisticn.[pl.]统计数字loadn.装载量v.装上tobaccon.烟草rubbern.橡胶frameworkn.框架;结构返回目录战争及和平militaryadj.军队的n.军队troopn.部队;军队patrioticadj.爱国的peacefuladj.和平的peacekeepern.维和人员peacekeepingn.维持和平(的行动)soldiern.士兵;军人combatantn.战斗人员navyn.海军landingn.(军队的)登陆parachuten.降落伞frictionn.冲突,摩擦weaponn.武器,兵器missilen.导弹,飞弹tankn.坦克gunfiren.炮火返回目录bombn.炸弹vt.轰炸aggressionn.侵略code-namev.起代号为fleevi.&vt.迅速离开;逃跑justicen.公平,公正liberatev.解放libertyn.自由;自由权marchn.示威游行,抗议游行返回目录二、词汇变形①admirevt.钦佩;欣赏→admirableadj.令人钦佩的→admirationn.钦佩;赞赏②assistv.协助,帮助→assistancen.协助→assistantn.助手adj.助理的,副的③assumev.假定,认为→assumptionn.假定→assumedadj.假定的→assumingconj.

假如④chemistryn.化学→chemicaladj.化学的n.化学品→chemistn.化学家;药剂师;药房⑤discoverv.发现→discoveryn.发现⑥estimatev.估计,估算→estimationn.估计,判断→estimatedadj.估计的返回目录⑦financen.财政;金融→financialadj.财政的,金融的⑧freeadj.自由的→freedomn.自由→freelyadv.自由地⑨infectv.传染,使感染→infectiousadj.传染性的→infectionn.传染,感染⑩shortadj.不足的→shortagen.短缺,不足,缺乏→shortenv.缩短,减少

specialadj.特殊的→specializevi.专门研究(或从事)→specialistn.专家

stableadj.稳定的→stablyadv.稳固地→stabilityn.稳固,稳定

treatv.治疗→treatmentn.治疗返回目录三、主题词块breaknewground开辟新的领域bytrialanderror反复试验(以得出最佳结果)gotogreatlengthstodosth.竭尽全力做某事putsth.inplace把……放在正确位置;准备就绪reformandopening-up改革开放thecuttingedge(ofsth.)(某事物发展的)尖端,最前沿withabang很成功;引人注目berememberedas...被铭记为……berememberedfor...因……而被铭记makeeffortstodosth.努力做某事behonoredas...被誉为……think/speakhighlyof高度评价返回目录helpout帮助解决难题makeadifferenceto...对……有影响show(a)stronginterestin.../take(a)greatinterestin...对……有浓厚的兴趣volunteertodosth.自愿做某事sparenoefforttodosth.不遗余力地做某事berespectedby...受……尊重learnfrom...向……学习inspiresb.todosth.激励某人做某事haveahighoutput有高产量serve...heartandsoul全心全意为……服务earninternationalrecognition赢得国际认可fightforsocialjusticeandequality为社会正义和平等而奋斗返回目录breakaboundary打破边界non-profitorganization非营利组织humanwell-being人类福祉leadtoadiscovery促成发现makeagreatscientificbreakthrough取得科学上的一项重大突破fightagainst与……作斗争返回目录感知用法①Sheiswidelyacknowledged

(be)thebesttennisplayerintheworld.②Hepubliclyacknowledged

(defeat)by

hisfriendinthegame,whichmadeussurprised.③人们普遍认为学习没有捷径。

therearen'tany

shortcutstolearning.④我非常感谢你们在我旅居新西兰期间给予的支持。Igratefully

yoursupportduringmystayinNewZealand.◆考点总结acknowledgesb.as/tobe...认为某人是……acknowledgedoing/havingdonesth.承认做(过)某事itiswidelyacknowledgedthat...人们普遍认为……联想表达感谢:gratefullyacknowledgesb./sth.;expressgratitudetosb./forsth.1.acknowledgevt.承认(属实、权威等);(公开)感谢答案①tobe②beingdefeated/havingbeendefeated③Itiswidelyacknowledgedthat

④acknowledge感知用法①TuYouyou,a

(commit)andpatientscientist,wasborninNingbo,China,on30December1930.

(人教XB1U1)②Drivenbyasenseof

(commit),agreatmanyjoinedthearmytoresisttheJapaneseinvadersanddefendthehonourofthenation.

(外研XB3U3)③Hemadeacommitment

(sponsor)herthroughunivers-ity.④TheUnitedNationscalledonWesternnationstocommitmoremoney

thepoorestna-tions.◆考点总结commitoneselfto(doing)sth.专心致志于(做)某事;承诺(做)某事commit...to(doing)sth.投入(时间/金钱)于(做)某事committedadj.坚定的becommittedto致力于commitment

n.承诺;投入;花费;奉献makeacommitment(todo/doing)(对……)做出承诺2.commitvt.承诺;保证vi.忠于;全心全意投入(工作、活动等)答案

①committed②commitment③tosponsor④to感知用法①Idrewa

(conclude)frommyownexperiencesthatthereisnoroyalroadtolearning.②Heconcluded

theirremarksthattheywerenotinfavouroftheplan.③总之,散步是一种安全、愉快且容易操作的锻炼方式。

,walkingisasafe,enjoyable,andreadilyaccessibleformofexercise.④请让我用一句格言来结束我的演讲:有志者,事竟成。Letme

:Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.◆考点总结draw/cometo/reachaconclusion得出结论inconclusion最后,总之concludev.得出结论;断定;结束conclude...from...从……中推断出……conclude...with...以……结束……toconclude总而言之,最后3.conclusionn.结论;结束;结局;(条约、协议等的)达成答案

①conclusion②from③Inconclusion/Toconclude④concludemyspeech

withasaying感知用法①The

(contribute)hemadetothevillagewasgreat,sohebecameverypopularamongthevillagers.②Itismoremeaningfultocontributebooksandsportsgoods

childreninneed.③Notonlydoesworkbenefituspersonally,italsocontributes

thehealthofsociety.

(译林XB4U3)④Eatingtoomuchfatcontributestoheartdiseaseandcauseshighbloodpressure.画线部分释义:

◆考点总结contributevi.&vt.捐献;捐助makeacontribution/contributionsto...对……做出

贡献contributesth.to...把某物捐献给……contributeto有助于;导致4.contributionn.捐献;贡献;捐赠答案①contribution②to③to④导致5.convincevt.使相信;使确信;说服感知用法①I'm

(convince)thattheonlythingthatkeptmegoingwasthatIlovedwhatIdid.

(沪外B3U1)②ButDarwin'sscientificstudieswereso

(convince)thatmoreandmorepeoplestartedtobelievehistheory.

(外研XB1U5)③Youmustfirstconvincethem

yourenthusiasmforthejob.④I'vebeentryingtoconvincehim

(see)adoctor.⑤我英语流利,所以我确信我适合这个志愿者工作。BecauseofmyfluentEnglish,

Iamsuitableforthevolunteerjob.◆考点总结convincedadj.确信的;深信的convincingadj.有说服力的,使人信服的convincesb.ofsth.使某人相信某事convincesb.todosth.说服某人做某事beconvincedof/that...确信……答案

①convinced②convincing③of④tosee⑤Iamconvincedthat感知用法①Dedicateyourself

helpingothers,nottoaskforanythinginreturn,buttomakeyourselfandothershappy.②He'stooseriousand

(dedicate),wrappedupinhiscareer.③ZhangGuimei'srelentless

(dedicate)toeducationhasnotonlyreshapedthedestiniesofthesegirlsbutalsohighlightedthepressingneedforeducationalequityinoursociety.④随后的几年里,她全身心地投入工作。Forthenextfewyears,she

.◆考点总结dedicateoneselfto(doing)sth.某人致力于(做)某事dedicatesth.to(doing)sth.把……奉献给……dedicatedadj.专注的;献身的bededicatedto(doing)sth.献身于(做)某事dedicationn.奉献;献身6.dedicatevt.把……奉献给答案①to②dedicated③dedication④dedicatedherselftoherwork7.devotev.把……献(给);把……专用于;专心于感知用法①AftercomingbackfromtheUS,Dengdevoted

(he)whole-heartedlytothedevelopmentofthe“twobombs”.

(外研XB3U2)②Whilehewasdeeply

(devote)tothiswork,ZhongYangalsobelievedinimprovingeducationthere.③Mr.LiisourEnglishteacher,andhis

(devote)toteachinghasmadeadeepimpressiononme.

(重大B2U1)④她忙于教失聪儿童,几乎没有时间照顾自己的家人。

,shehaslittletimetocareforherownfamily.◆考点总结devoteoneselfto(doing)sth.致力于(做)某事devote...to...把……奉献给……;把……用于……devotedadj.忠实的;深爱的bedevotedto专心于;致力于devotionn.奉献;献身;忠诚答案

①himself②devoted③devotion④Devotingherself/Devotedtoteachingthedeafchildren感知用法①Ithinkitwouldbebettertodonatemoney

thehomelesstosetupatemporaryshelter.②Awealthysponsorcametotheirrescueandmadeagenerous

(donate)tolocals.③The

(donate)bookswouldbedistributedamongschoolsinthearea.◆考点总结donatesth.tosb.捐赠某物给某人donationn.捐赠,赠送makeadonationto...向……捐赠8.donatev.(尤指向慈善机构)捐赠;赠送;献(血)答案①to②donation③donated9.grantvt.同意;准许n.拨款感知用法①Afteralongdelay,theagriculturist

(grant)anappointmentwiththeMinisterofAgriculture.②ManyofthepeopleinTanzaniaarequitepoorand

livewithoutthingswetakefor

(grant),suchaselectricityandrunningwater.③They'dgotaspecialgranttoencourageresearch.画线词释义:

◆考点总结grantsth.tosb.=grantsb.sth.准予某人某事take...forgranted视……为理所当然takeitforgrantedthat...想当然地认为……答案①wasgranted②granted③拨款10.memoryn.记忆力;回忆感知用法①AbrahamLincolnwasthere

memoryofthesoldiersthathaddied.②Thepaintingwillbealasting

(memory)toaremarkablewoman.③Hestudiedhismap,tryingto

(memory)thewaytoRose'sstreet.④在五岁时,她就能背诵全诗。Attheageof5,shecouldrecitethewholepoem

.◆考点总结inmemoryof作为对……的纪念loseone'smemory失去记忆frommemory凭记忆memorize/memorisevt.记住memorialadj.纪念的,追悼的n.纪念碑;纪念物答案①in②memorial③memorize/memorise④frommemory11.privilegen.优惠待遇;特权感知用法①Youcanenjoyallthebenefitsandprivilegesofclubmembership.画线词释义:

②Ihopetohavetheprivilegeofworkingwiththemagain.画线部分释义:

③我非常荣幸地邀请您参加这次汉语演讲比赛。

youtoparticipateintheChineseSpeechContest.④我们很荣幸地欢迎您作为我们今晚的演讲者。We

youasourspeakerthisevening.◆考点总结havetheprivilegeof有幸……itisagreatprivilegeforsb.todosth.某人很荣幸做某事privilegedadj.有特权的;荣幸的;幸运的beprivilegedtodosth.荣幸地做某事答案

①优惠待遇②有幸③Itisagreatprivilegeformetoinvite④areprivilegedtowelcome感知用法①Itwasperfectlyallright,hesaid,becausethepolicehadnotsuspectedhim

anything.②Judgingfromhisnervousexpression,Isuspectedhim

(be)athief.③Theydroveawayslowlytoavoidarousing

(suspect).◆考点总结suspectsb.of(doing)sth.怀疑某人(做了)某事suspectsb.tobe...怀疑某人是……,猜想某人是……suspectthat...怀疑,猜想……suspicionn.怀疑,疑心;嫌疑12.suspectvt.&vi.怀疑;疑有;不信任n.犯罪嫌疑人;可疑对象答案①of②tobe③suspicion一、语篇填空1教材链接(译林B3U4改编)Becauseofher1.

(contribute)tothefightagainstmalaria,Tu

Youyou2.

(award)theNobelPrizein2015.Aftergraduatingfromuniversity,TuYouyouworkedattheAcademyofTraditionalChineseMedicine.In1969Tubecameheadofateamtodiscoveranew3.

(treat)formalaria.Inspiredbyanover1,600-year-oldmedicaltext,shesucceededinmakingqinghao

extractthatcouldtreatmalaria.Toensuresafety,Tuandherteamvolunteered即练即清4.

(test)qinghaoextractonthemselvesfirst.Theteam'seffortseventuallypaidoff.InNovember1972,theysuccessfullydiscoveredqinghaosu,whichhassaved

manylivessinceits5.

(discover).UponhearingthatshehadbeenawardedtheNobelPrize,shesaid,“ItisindeedanhonorforChina's6.

(science)researchandChinesemedicine7.

(spread)aroundtheworld.”答案1.contribution

2.wasawarded

3.treatment

4.totest

5.discovery

6.scien-

tific

7.tobespread2教材链接(外研B3U2改编)

Six-year-oldCanadianschoolboyRyancouldn'tbelievethatthe8.

(short)ofcleanwaterwassosevereindevelopingAfricancountries.So,RyandecidedtoearnmoneytobuildasinglewellsomewhereinAfrica.Hecleanedwindowsanddidgardeningforhisfamilyandneighbours,9.

(earn)$70soon,whichwasn'tenoughforawell,though.Hestartedtoaskfor10.

(assist)fromhisclassmatesandneighboursandconvincedthem11.

(donate)money.Meanwhile,afriendofRyan'smotherassisted12.

makinghisstorygopublic.Afterseveralmonths,Ryanhadraised$2,000,withwhichawellwasbuilt

inUganda.Hereallyhadmade13.

differenceforpeoplethere.

Later,Ryansetupafoundation14.

(advocate)thatmorepeople

giveahand.Today,over800,000peopleacrossAfricahavegainedfromthelife-

changinggiftofclean,safewater.答案8.shortage9.earning10.assistance11.todonate12.in13.a14.toadvocate3

Growingchildrenneedhealthyand15.

(organ)foodtodowellin

school.YetalotofchildreninAmericadon'tgetmorethanonemealaday.That's16.

17-year-oldAbbyYoonfoundedtheSustainableHungerInitiative.

Yoon17.

(devote)to“beingtheonepersonwhoempowersmorepeopletoactintheirown18.

(community).”Tomakemorechildrenhavetheopportunitytogainenoughphysicalexerciseinthegarden,Yoon'sorganization

hasdonatedmorethan600bicycles19.

youth.

Yoonisallaboutmakingadifference.Whatshelovesmostiswhenothersare

inspiredtodothesame.Sofar,10,00020.

(volunteer)havegiventheir

timetothecommunitygarden.Afterall,itistheircommunity,andhavingfreshfood

ontheirtablesisadreamcometrue.答案15.organic16.why17.isdevoted18.communities19.to20.volunteers二、词块翻译1.JiaoYulu

(努力)helppeopleimprovetheirlives,sohe

(被誉为)agoodservantofthepeople.2.He

(致力于他的研究),makinghimoneofthemostoutstanding

scientistsinthefield.3.Todayshe,agreatscientist,

(因为她的决心和勇气被铭记).4.Heisagooddoctorinthecountrymen'seyesand

(被……尊重)thepeople.5.Thescientists

(取得重大突破)incancerresearchsofar.6.Hebecamethefirstagriculturalpioneerintheworldtogrowhybridricethat

(有高产量)in1974.7.Herbraveryhasearnedherinternationalrecognitionandhasinspiredmillionsof

peopleto

(为社会正义和平等而奋斗).8.Thisresearchhasgreatpotentialtoadvance

(人类福祉).9.Theteamwontheirlastfourgames,endingtheseason

(很成功地).10.Myaimistobecomeagoodcitizensoastobeableto

(全身心服务于国家).11.Onlywhenyou

(不遗余力)canyoumakegreatachievements.12.IlosttheinstructionbookandsoIhadtofindouthowtousethemachine

(通过反复试验).答案1.madeeffortsto;washonoredas2.isdevotedtohisresearch3.isrememberedforherdeterminationandcourage4.isrespecte