《电子与通信工程专业英语》-DX 电子教案Unit 4

PAGEPAGE1ChapterIBasicKnowledgeofElectronicsUnit4IntegratedCircuitI．Lead-inInformationrelatedtothetextToday,we’llstudyUnit4—IntegratedCircuit.IntegratedcircuitorICisacombinationofafewinterconnectedcircuitelementssuchastransistors，diodes，capacitors，andresistorsproducedinasinglemanufacturingprocessononeandthesamebearingstructure，andintendedtoperformdefinitefunctioninvolvedinconvertinginformation.TheinventionofICisagreatrevolutionintheelectronicindustry．Sharpsize，weightreductionarepossiblewiththesetechniques;andmoreimportantly,highreliability,excellentfunctionalperformance，lowcostandlowpowerdissipationcanbeachieved．ICsarewidelyusedintheelectronicindustry.IfyouwanttolearnmoreaboutICs,youshouldfocusonthestudyofunit4.Now,let’sstudykeywordsandphrasestogether.II.Wordstudy1.interconnect[,intəkə'nekt]vt使互相连接vi.互相联系1)relatedphrases：activeinterconnect主动互连interconnectmodule互连模块interconnectfunction互连功能neutralinterconnect中性互连2)ThecopperinterconnecttechnologyforICsandtheirapplicationsareintroducedbriefly.简要介绍了集成电路铜连线技术及其应用.3)The

bus

structure

of

the

system:

which

devices

connect

to

which

bus

and

which

buses

areinterconnected

(forinstance,a

USB

-

PCI

interconnect)

系统的总线结构：哪个设备连接在哪个总线上，以及哪些总线互连（例如，USB和PCI总线的互连）interconnectedadj.连通的；有联系的；v.互相连接（interconnect的过去式）Both

area

pattern

that

emerges

from

a

jumble

of

interconnected

parts.两者都是从一大堆互相连接的部件中浮现出来的模式。2.assembly[ə'sembli]n．集合，装配，汇编；集会；组装1)relatedphrases：assemblymark合模记号；装配记号assemblyjig装配架；装配型架assemblyroutine汇编例行程序；汇编程式assemblyunit汇编程序单位；组合单元dynamicassembly动态配件；动态组装2）Isthisadraftcontractforthecarassemblyplant?这是一份汽车装配厂的合同草签样吗？3）Thispartoftheassemblyprocessisnowfullyautomated.装配过程的这一部分现在是全自动的。4）TheautomobileassemblylinewasthebrainchildofHenryFord.汽车组装生产线是亨利•福特所独创的概念。3.implement['implimənt]vt.实施，执行；实现，使生效1)Howdo

we

implement

this?

那我们怎么来执行呢？2)Howdo

you

implement

this

practice?您如何执行这个实践？3)Otherwise,

you

would

have

to

implement

this

feature

yourself.否则，您就需要自己想办法实现这个特性。4)You

design,

then

implement

fromthe

design.先设计，然后根据设计实现。4.reduction[ri'dʌkʃən]n．减少，缩减量，缩小；还原反应1)relatedphrases：hydrogenreduction氢还原；氢还原sourcereduction源削减；源头减量reductionfactor减低率；低率pollutionreduction减轻污染；减少污染costreduction减低成本；成本降低2）Greatreductioninmanufacturingcost.生产成本大幅降低。3）Trymeditationforrelaxationandstressreduction.试着用冥思来放松、减轻压力。4）Doyouknowhowtosetthecopymachineinreduction(enlarging)mode?你知道怎么将复印机设定在缩印(放大)模式上吗?5）Ithinkwecanaccordingareductionofpricestoincreasingourmarketshare.我认为我们可以通过降低价格来夺得更大的市场份额。6）Wehavecompoundedwiththecountryforareductionintheirimporttax.我国已与该国就降低他们进口税的问题达成了协议。5.dissipation[,disi'peiʃn] n.（物质、精力逐渐的）消散，分散1)Tosteerclearofdissipationandguardmyhealthofbodyandpeaceofmindasmymostpreciousstockintrade.避免无谓的体力和精力消耗，身体的健康和思绪的平静是最宝贵的财富。2）It

was

designed

for

maximum

heatdissipation.

它的设计是为了扩大散热面积。3）His

dissipation

costs

himhis

fortune.

他的浪费耗费他的财产。integrated['intigreitid]adj.综合的；完整的；互相协调的v.整合；使……成整体（integrate的过去分词）1)TheWHOstrategyfortheIntegratedManagementofChildhoodIllnessisonegoodexample,asnotedintheAfricahealthstrategy.如非洲卫生战略中指出的，世卫组织儿童期疾病综合管理战略是一个很好的例子。2)Youshouldconsiderthemasanintegratedsysteminperformancetuning.您应该把它们当作性能调整中一个完整的系统。3)Doesnottestforintegrationissues:Thesecurityofasystemrequiresthatallofthesystemcomponentsbesecurewhenintegratedwitheachother.不能测试整合问题：一个系统的安全性需要在与其它控件整合时保证这个系统的所有控件都是安全的。4)Anoutlineofeachcloudcharacteristicweintegrated.概括介绍我们整合的每一种云特征。III.LanguagePoints1.Anintegratedcircuit(IC)isacombinationofafewinterconnectedcircuitelementssuchastransistors,diodes,capacitorsandresistors.译文：集成电路（缩写为IC），是几个如晶体管、二极管、电容器和电阻器等互相连接的电路元件的组合。说明：句中combination[kɒmbɪ'neɪʃ(ə)n]n.结合；组合；联合；[化学]化合，构成的短语和例句如下：combinationof……的组合；Acombinationoftacticandauthoritywasneededtodealwiththesituation.处理这类情况需要策略，也需要威信。incombination

结合Inparticulardesignthenavigationalstateandsessionstatetobeorthogonaltoeachother,becauseitispossibletoaccessthesamesessionincombinationdifferentnavigationalstates.特别地，要将导航状态和会话状态设计为彼此正交，因为可能会在不同的导致状态形成的组合中访问相同的会话。combination

with与……结合When

shown

in

combination

with

black,

orange

often

symbolizes

the

career.当它与黑色组合显示时，橙色往往象征着事业。2.Thefirstintegratedcircuitwasdevelopedinthe1950sbyJackKilbyofTexasInstrumentsandRobertNoyceofFairchildSemiconductor.译文：第一块集成电路是在20世纪50年代由德克萨斯仪器公司的Jack.Kilby和Fairchild半导体公司的Robert.Noyce合作开发的。说明：句中1950sn.20世纪50年代；developvt.开发；进步；使成长；使显影；vi.发育；生长；进化；显露例如：1)We

beganto

develop

a

new

industrialsite.

我们开始开发一个新的工业区。2)Butwhatoftheresourceswerelyontosustainanddevelopourtechnology?但是我们依靠什么资源来支持和发展我们的科技？3)Infact,

this

shouldbe

one

ofthe

first

habits

you

develop.

事实上，这是你养成的首要习惯之一。4)Thedifferencebetweenhowtheydevelopandwherethecodewillbedeployedcanbebigproblem.他们如何开发以及代码将被部署于何处之间的差异可能会是一个大问题。3.TheelectricallyinterconnectedcomponentsthatmakeupanICarecalledintegratedelements.译文：电学上把组成集成电路的彼此相连接的元件称为集成元件。说明：句中thatmakeupanIC为定语从句，修饰先行词interconnectedcomponents。electricallyadv.电力地；有关电地，限定interconnected，又如electricallyoperated电动操作的；electricallyconnected电气性连接；electricallyoperatedvalve电动阀1)Thesebecomeelectricallypolarizedwhenthey’resubjecttomechanicalstress,andsomovementorpressurecangenerateelectricity.压电材料受到机械应力时会发生电偏振，因此运动和压力都可以产生电能。2)Thatdatainterfaceisalsoelectricallyconnectedtothebalancehousing(ground).数据接口同样与电子天平壳体（地）连接。An

electricallyoperated

valve

comprises

a

sealed

housing

in

whichthebottomisfixedonavalvebodyprovidedwithavalvechamberandathrottlinghole.一种电动阀，包括底部固定在具有阀室和节流孔的阀体上的密闭型外罩.4.Integratedcircuitsareoftenclassifiedbythenumberoftransistorsandotherelectroniccomponents,theycontain:译文：集成电路通常根据其包含的晶体管和其他电路元件的数量来分类。说明：句中beclassifiedby把……分成……。又如：1）Bothcomputerizedandmanualaccountingsystemsrequiretransactionstobeclassifiedbytype.计算机会计系统和手工会计系统都要求根据类型把交易分类。2）Largegroupingsofpeople,however,canbeclassifiedbybloodtypeandgenefrequencies.但是，人类的大分组是能用血型和基因频率来划分的。3）Privilegeexistedinhistoryinmultipleforms,andmaybeclassifiedbycharacterintothreebroadcategories:economic,political,andcultural.特权在历史上具有多种形态，按其性质可分为经济特权、政治特权和文化特权三大类。5.Asthecapabilitytointegrateagreaternumberoftransistorsinasingleintegratedcircuit(IC)grows,itisbecomingmorecommonthatanapplication-specificIC(ASIC)isrequired,atleastforhighvolumeapplications.译文：随着在一个芯片上集成大量晶体管的能力（即集成电路的集成量）的提高，对专用集成电路的需求已更加普遍。至少对大批量的应用来说更需要专用的集成电路。说明：这是一个复合句，as引导一个时间状语从句，主句本身也是一个复合句，it是形式主语，真正的主语是由that引导的主语从句来担任的，atleast引导让步状语。ASICabbr.ApplicationSpecificIntegratedCircuit【电子】专用集成电路1）短语ASIC专用集成电路，特定应用集成电路专用芯片(ApplicationSpecificIntegratedCircuit)ASICcell专用集成电路单元，专用集成电路组专用集成电路单元，专用集成电路组asicchipasic芯片，芯片专用芯片，专用集成电路芯片2)TestsoftheTSATApplicationSpecificIntegratedCircuit(ASIC)demonstratedthemicrochip\'sfunctionality,speedandsuitabilityforspaceflight.针对TSAT专用集成电路（ASIC）的测试，充分展示了微芯片在航空飞行中的功能、速度和匹配性。3)UptonownoASICchipscanbeappliedtoEPONupstreamphysicallayerdirectly,neithercanPCSsublayer.目前EPON的物理层（其中包含物理编码子层）在上行方向尚无ASIC芯片可以直接使用。6.Sharpsize,weightreductionsarepossiblewiththesetechniques,andmoreimportantly,highreliability,excellentfunctionalperformance,lowcostandlowpowerdissipationcanbeachieved.译文：凭借这一技术，完全可以实现尺寸缩小和重量减轻。更重要的是能够实现高可靠性、良好的工作性能、低成本和低功耗。说明：这是一个并列句，两个分句都是简单句，andmoreimportantly引出第二个分句，具有更高层次的强调作用，第二个分句的主语较长，由highreliability,excellentfunctionalperformance,lowcostandlowpowerdissipation这么几个并列成分构成，其谓语是anbeachieved，句中moreimportantly更重要的是，可理解为插入语。1）Moreimportantlythanallofthat,shesingsintune.比所有这些更重要的是，她唱得全合调子。2)Moreimportantly,wecansharetheinformationwithallofyou.更重要的是，我们可以和大家分享所有这些信息。3)MoreimportantlyIhavetoexplaintothemwhywethinkthis,andtoadmittothemthatwedon'tyetfullyunderstandhoworwhythishappened.更重要的是我给他们解释为什么我们这样认为，对他们承认我们还不能完全弄清怎样或为什么发生了这个。IV.TranslatingSkills词性转换在翻译过程中，由于英汉两种语言的表达方式不同，不能逐词对译。原文中有些词在译文中须转换词性，才能使译文通顺流畅。词性转换包括以下几种情况。1.英语动词、形容词、副词译成汉语名词Telecommunicationsmeanssomuchinmodernlifethatwithoutitourmodernlifewouldbeimpossible.电信在现代生活中意义重大，没有它就不可能有我们现在的生活。Thecuttingtoolsmustbestrong,tough,hardandwearresistant.刀具必须有足够的强度、韧性、硬度，而且耐磨。Dynamicsisdividedintostaticsandkinetics,theformertreatingofforcesinequilibrium,thelatteroftherelationofforcetomotion.力学分为静力学和动力学：前者研究平衡力，后者研究力和运动的关系。Theimagemustbedimensionallycorrect.图形的尺寸必须正确。2.英语名词、介词、形容词、副词译成汉语动词SubstitutionofmanualfinishingisoneexampleofHSMapplication.替代手工精加工是高速加工应用的一个例子。Scientistsareconfidentthatallmatterisindestructible.科学家们深信一切物质是不灭的。Inanymachineinputworkequalsoutputworkplusworkdoneagainstfriction.任何机器的输入功，都等于输出功加上

克服摩擦所做的功。Openthevalvetoletairin.打开阀门，让空气进入。3.英语的名词、副词和动词译成汉语形容词Thiswaveguidetubeischieflycharacterizedbyitssimplicityofstructure.这种波导管的主要特点是结构简单。Theysaidthatsuchknowledgeisneededbeforetheycandevelopasuccessfulearlywarningsystemforearthquakes.他们说，这种知识对他们发明一种有效的地震早期警报是必要的。4.英语形容词、名词译成汉语副词Withslightrepairsthetelevisiontransmitterscanbeused.只要稍加修理，这台视频发射机就可使用。Acontinuousincreaseinthetemperatureofagasconfinedinacontainerwillleadtoacontinuousincreaseintheinternalpressurewithinthegas.不断提高密封容器内气体的温度，会使气体的内压力不断增大。V.KeytoExercisesofthetext.Ex.I1.AnICisacombinationofafewinterconnectedcircuitelementssuchastransistors,diodes,capacitorsandresistors.Thefirstintegratedcircuitwasdevelopedinthe1950s.2.TheelectricallyinterconnectedcomponentsthatmakeupanICarecalledintegratedelements．3.Five.ULSI,MSI,LSI,VLSI,SSI.4.TheinventionofICisagreatrevolutionintheelectronicindustry.Sharpsize,weightreductionsarepossiblewiththesetechniques,andmoreimportantly,highreliability,excellentfunctionalperformance,lowcostandlowpowerdissipationcanbeachieved.Ex.II1.F2.T3.F4.T5.F6.FEx.III1.Integratedcircuitisacombinationofafewinterconnectedcircuitelementsonapieceofsemiconductorchip.2.TheelectricallyinterconnectedcomponentsthatmakeupanIC