高中英语《现在完成时态》教案课件

Presentperfecttense语法知识现在完成时（高中英语）01基本句式结构02基本句型03基本用法04现在完成时的标志05过去分词06瞬间动词07题目巩固练习01基本句式结构基本句式结构

现在完成时基本句式结构：

助动词have/has+过去分词(done)02基本句型基本句型现在完成时基本句型：否定句：主语+have/has+not+过去分词+其他一般疑问句：Have/Has+主语+过去分词+其他简略答语:Yes,主语+have/has.(肯定)

No,主语+haven't/hasn't.(否定)03基本用法基本用法现在完成时基本用法：1.现在完成时表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。

Ihavespentallofmymoney(sofar).现在我没有钱花了。

Lileihas(just/already)come.李雷现在在这儿。Myfatherhasgonetowork.我爸爸现在不在这儿。

基本用法

2.现在完成时可以用来表示发生在过去某一时刻的持续到现在的动作（用行为动词表示）或状态（be动词表示）常与for（+时间段）,since（+时间点或过去时的句子）连用基本用法①for+时段②since+过去一个时间点（译为：自从……以来）③since+时段+ago④since+从句（过去时）⑤Ithasbeen+时段+since+从句（过去时）

Maryhasbeenillforthreedays.

Ihavelivedheresince1998.Ithasbeen3yearssinceIcamehere.基本用法hasgone(to),hasbeen(to),hasbeen(in)的区别have/hasgone(to):去了(现在不在说话现场)Whereisyourfather？HehasgonetoShanghai.have/hasbeen(to):去过（已不在去过的地方）MyfatherhasbeentoShanghai.have/hasbeenin：呆了多久（还在所呆的地方）MyfatherhasbeeninShanghaifortwomonths./sincetwomonthsago.04现在完成时的标志现在完成时标志

1.现在完成时的含义之一是过去完成的动作对现在仍有影响,用以下四大标志词可以表达这种含义:*以already,just和yet为标志Hehasalreadygotherhelp.他已得到她的帮助。Hehasjustseenthefilm.他刚刚看过这场电影。Hehasn'tcomebackyet.

他还没有回来。

现在完成时标志*以ever和never为标志ThisisthebestfilmIhaveeverseen.

这是我曾经看过的最好的一部电影。HehasneverbeentoBeijing.

他从没有到过北京。*以动作发生的次数为标志HesayshehasbeentotheUSAthreetimes.他说他已经去过美国三次了。现在完成时标志*以sofar（到目前为止）,before为标志HehasgottoBeijingsofar.

到目前为止他已到了北京。Shehaspassedtheexamsofar.

到目前为止她已经通过了考试。

现在完成时标志2.过去已经开始的动作一直延续到现在,甚至有可能继续延续下去,我们可以从动作“延续”的特性和“时间”点段的区分入手,进一步学习现在完成时。①for+时段

②since+过去一个时间点（过去从句）为标志

05过去分词过去分词

1.规则动词：规则动词的过去分词的构成规则与规则动词的过去式的构成规则相同。四点变化规则：①一般动词，在词尾直接加“ed”。

work---worked---worked,visit---visited---visited②以“e”结尾的动词，只在词尾加“d”。

live---lived---lived,

过去分词③以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词，将"y"变为"i"，再加“ed”。

study---studied---studied,cry---cried---cried④重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，先双写该辅音字母，再加“ed”。

stop---stopped---stopped,drop---dropped--dropped过去分词

2.不规则动词：

hurthurthurtcostcostcostcutcutcut

hithithitputputputspreadspreadspreadreadreadreadread原形发音为/ri:d/,过去式和过去分词发音为/red/beatbeatbeatenbecomebecamebecomerunranruncomecamecomebringbroughtbroughtbuyboughtbought

buildbuiltbuiltburnburntburntcatchcaughtcaughtdigdugdugfeelfeltfeltfightfoughtfought过去分词findfoundfoundhearheardheardholdheldheldkeepkeptkept

loselostlostmakemademademeetmetmetsellsoldsoldshootshotshotsitsatsatstandstoodstoodsweepsweptsweptteachtaughttaughttelltoldtoldthinkthoughtthoughtwinwonwonbeginbeganbegunblowblewblownbreakbrokebrokenchoosechosechosen

过去分词drawdrewdrawndrivedrovedrivendrinkdrankdrunkflyflewflownforgetforgotforgottenfreezefrozefrozengivegavegivengrowgrewgrownknowknewknownrideroderiddenriseroserisenringrangrungshakeshookshakensingsangsungswimswamswumthrowthrewthrownwritewrotewritten06瞬间动词瞬间动词瞬间动词（buy,die,join,come，go,leave,join……）不能直接与forsince连用。要改变动词buy----haveborrow-----keepcome/arrive/reach/getto-----beingoout----beoutleave----beawaybegin-----beonfinish----beoveropen----beopenclose-----becloseddie----bedead瞬间动词①have代替buyMybrotherhashad(不能用hasbought)thisbikeforalmostfouryears.②用keep或have代替borrowIhavekept(不能用haveborrowed)thebookforquiteafewdays.③用be替代becomeHowlonghasyoursisterbeenateacher?④用haveacold代替catchacoldTomhashadacoldsincethedaybeforeyesterday.⑤用wear代替puton

瞬间动词

用be＋形容词代终止性动词

1.be＋married代marry2.be＋ill代fall(get)ill

3.be＋dead代die4.be＋asleep代fall(get)asleep

5.be＋awake代wake/wakeup6.be＋gone代lose,die,sell,leave

7.be＋open代open8.beclosed代close/shut

9.be＋missing(gone,lost)代lose

瞬间动词

用be＋副词代终止性动词

1.be＋on代start,begin

2.be＋up代getup

3.be＋back(to)代returnto,comebackto,gobackto

4.behere(there)代come(arrive,reach,get)here

或go(arrive,reach,get)there等等瞬间动词用be＋介词短语代终止性动词

1.bein/at+地点代替goto/cometo

2.用beinthearmy代替jointhearmy

3.bein/at+地点代替moveto07题目巩固练习题目巩固练习现在完成时练习A)选用have,has填空:1.I_______toldhimthenews.2.She________comebackfromschool.3.You________wonthegame.题目巩固练习B)按要求改写下列各句:4.Theyhaveboughtacomputer.(改成否定句)_________________________________________5.Hehaslosthisbook.(先改成一般疑问句,再作肯定与否定回答)_________________________________________

C)单项选择6.-Wherehaveyou_____,Kate?

-I've______tothebank.A.gone,gone

B.been,been

C.gone,been

D.been,gone7.Hergrandfather______fortwoyears.A.died

B.hasdied

C.hasbeendead

D.hasbeendied8.It'ssixweeks______Imetyoulast.A.when

B.since

C.before

D.for题目巩固练习9.Bothhisparentslooksad.Maybethey_________what'shappenedtohim.

A.knewB.haveknownC.mustknowD.willknow10.Hehas_______beentoShanghai,hashe?

A.alreadyB.neverC.everD.Still11.—Ourcountry______alotsofar.—Yes.Ihopeitwillbeeven______.

A.haschanged;wellB.changed;good

C.haschanged;betterD.changed;better题目巩固练习12.ZhaoLan______already______inthisschoolfortwoyears.

A.was;studyingB.will;studyC.has;studiedD.are;studying13.We______XiaoLisinceshewasalittlegirl.

A.knowB.hadknownC.haveknownD.Knew14.HarryPotterisaverynicefilm.I_______ittwice.

A.willseeB.haveseenC.sawD.see15.Hisfather______thePartysince1978.

A.joinedB.hasjoined