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AS1397—2011

(IncorporatingAmendmentNo.1)

AustralianStandard®

Continuoushot-dipmetalliccoatedsteelsheetandstrip—Coatingsofzincand

zincalloyedwithaluminiumandmagnesium

ThisAustralianStandard®waspreparedbyCommitteeMT-001,IronandSteel.ItwasapprovedonbehalfoftheCouncilofStandardsAustraliaon18August2011.

ThisStandardwaspublishedon15September2011.

ThefollowingarerepresentedonCommitteeMT-001:

·AustralianBuildingCodesBoard

·AustralasianCorrosionAssociation

·AustralianFoundryInstitute

·AustralianInstituteofArchitects

·AustralianSteelAssociation

·AustralianSteelInstitute

·BureauofSteelManufacturersofAustralia

·MaterialsAustralia

·NewZealandHeavyEngineeringResearchAssociation

·SocietyofAutomotiveEngineers-Australasia

·TheUniversityofSydney

ThisStandardwasissuedindraftformforcommentasDRAS1397.

StandardsAustraliawishestoacknowledgetheparticipationoftheexpertindividualsthatcontributedtothedevelopmentofthisStandardthroughtheirrepresentationonthe

Committeeandthroughthepubliccommentperiod.

KeepingStandardsup-to-date

AustralianStandards®arelivingdocumentsthatreflectprogressinscience,technologyandsystems.Tomaintaintheircurrency,allStandardsareperiodicallyreviewed,andneweditionsarepublished.Betweeneditions,amendmentsmaybeissued.

Standardsmayalsobewithdrawn.ItisimportantthatreadersassurethemselvestheyareusingacurrentStandard,whichshouldincludeanyamendmentsthatmayhavebeen

publishedsincetheStandardwaspublished.

DetailedinformationaboutAustralianStandards,drafts,amendmentsandnewprojectscanbefoundbyvisiting

.au

StandardsAustraliawelcomessuggestionsforimprovements,andencouragesreaderstonotifyusimmediatelyofanyapparentinaccuraciesorambiguities.Contactusviaemailat

mail@.au,orwritetoStandardsAustralia,GPOBox476,Sydney,NSW2001.

AS1397—2011

(IncorporatingAmendmentNo.1)

AustralianStandard®

Continuoushot-dipmetalliccoatedsteelsheetandstrip—Coatingsofzincand

zincalloyedwithaluminiumandmagnesium

OriginatedaspartofASA20—1934.

Sixthedition2011.

PreviouseditionAS1397—2001.

ReissuedincorporatingAmendmentNo.1(October2012).

COPYRIGHT

StandardsAustraliaLimited

Allrightsarereserved.Nopartofthisworkmaybereproducedorcopiedinanyformorbyanymeans,electronicormechanical,includingphotocopying,withoutthewrittenpermissionofthepublisher,unlessotherwisepermittedundertheCopyrightAct1968.

PublishedbySAIGlobalLimitedunderlicencefromStandardsAustraliaLimited,GPOBox476,Sydney,NSW2001,Australia

ISBN9780733799259

AS1397—20112

PREFACE

ThisStandardwaspreparedbytheAustralianmembersofJointStandardsAustralia/StandardsNewZealandCommitteeMT-001,IronandSteel,tosupersedeAS1397—2001,Steelsheetandstrip—Hot-dippedzinc-coatedoraluminium/zinc-coated.ThisStandardincorporatesAmendmentNo.1(October2012).ThechangesrequiredbytheAmendmentareindicatedinthetextbyamarginalbarandamendmentnumberagainsttheclause,note,table,figureorpartthereofaffected.

Afterconsultationwithstakeholdersinbothcountries,StandardsAustraliaandStandardsNewZealanddecidedtodevelopthisStandardasanAustralianStandardratherthananAustralian/NewZealandStandard.

ThisStandardupgradestherequirementsofAS1397—2001andintroducesthreenewcoatingtypes:

(a)Zincandaluminium(TypeZA).

(b)Zinc,aluminiumandmagnesium(TypeZM).

(c)Aluminium,zincandmagnesium(TypeAM).

CommitteeMT-001hassoughttoalignwiththefollowinginternationalandnationalStandards,whereapplicable:

ISO9364:2006,Continuoushot-dipaluminium/zinc-coatedsteelsheetofcommercial,drawingandstructuralqualities

ISO4998:2011,Continuoushot-dipzinc-coatedcarbonsteelsheetofstructuralquality

ISO3575:2011,Continuoushot-dipzinc-coatedcarbonsteelsheetofcommercialanddrawingqualities

ASTMA1046/A1046M-10a,Specificationforsteelsheet,zinc-aluminium-magnesiumalloy-coatedbythehot-dipprocess

ASTMA902-09,Terminologyrelatingtometalliccoatedsteelproducts

ASTMA875/875M-09a,Specificationforsteelsheet,zinc-5%aluminiumalloy-coatedbythehot-dipprocess

Theterms'normative'and'informative'havebeenusedinthisStandardtodefinetheapplicationoftheappendixtowhichtheyapply.A'normative'appendixisanintegralpartofaStandard,whereasan‘informative'appendixisonlyforinformationandguidance.

3AS1397—2011

CONTENTS

Page

SECTION1SCOPEANDGENERAL

1.1SCOPE 4

1.2NORMATIVEDOCUMENTS 4

1.3DEFINITION 5

1.4SURFACECONDITIONINGANDSURFACETREATMENT 6

1.5PRODUCTDESIGNATION 7

1.6ROUNDINGOFTESTRESULTVALUES 10

1.7MARKING 10

SECTION2THESTEELBASE

2.1SCOPEOFSECTION 11

2.2CHEMICALCOMPOSITION 11

2.3TENSILETEST 11

2.4BENDTEST 12

2.5DIMENSIONALTOLERANCES 12

SECTION3THECOATING

3.1SCOPEOFSECTION 14

3.2DETERMINATIONOFCOATINGMASS 14

3.3DETERMINATIONOFCOATINGADHESION 15

APPENDICES

APURCHASINGGUIDELINES 19

BPRODUCTCONFORMITY 21

CINFORMATIONONCOATINGTHICKNESSDETERMINATIONAND

ONTHETHICKNESS/MASSRELATIONSHIPBETWEENBASESTEELAND

COATING 23

DINFORMATIONANDGUIDELINESONTHESELECTIONOFSTEELGRADES

ANDCOATINGCLASSES 27

BIBLIOGRAPHY 31

AS1397—20114

STANDARDSAUSTRALIA

AustralianStandard

Continuoushot-dipmetalliccoatedsteelsheetandstrip—Coatingsofzincandzincalloyedwithaluminiumandmagnesium

SECTION1SCOPEANDGENERAL

1.1SCOPE

ThisStandardspecifiesrequirementsforcontinuouslyhot-dipmetalliccoatedsheetsteelandstripsuppliedinthicknessesuptoandincluding5.0mm.

RequirementsforproductconformitytothisStandardaregiveninAppendixB.

RequirementscoveredinthisStandardareasfollows:

(a)Formabilitygradesofsteel.

(b)Structuralgradesofsteel.

(c)Classesofzinccoating,includingdifferentialcoatings.

(d)Classesofzinccoatingconvertedtozinc/ironalloy.

(e)Classesofzinc/aluminiumcoatings.

(f)Classesofzinc/aluminium/magnesiumalloycoating.

(g)Classesofaluminium/zincalloycoating.

(h)Classesofaluminium/zinc/magnesiumalloycoating.

(i)Surfacefinish.

NOTES:

1AdviceandrecommendationsoninformationtobesuppliedbythepurchaseratthetimeofenquiryororderarecontainedinAppendixA.

2Thespecifiedrequirementsapplytothefulllengthandfullwidthoftheproductsupplied,unlessotherwiseindicated.

3Withinthedescriptionoftheclassesofcoatings,themajorityelementpresentislistedfirst,followedbythenextmajorelementandfollowedbyathirdelementifappropriate.

1.2NORMATIVEDOCUMENTS

ThefollowingarethenormativedocumentsreferencedinthisStandard:

NOTE:DocumentsreferencedforinformativepurposesarelistedintheBibliography.

AS

1391Metallicmaterials—Tensiletestingofambienttemperature

2331Methodsoftestformetallicandrelatedcoatings

2331.2.1Method2.1:TestsforaveragecoatingmassperunitareaorforthicknessDissolutionmethods—Stripandweighandanalytical

2331.2.3Method2.3:Testsforaveragecoatingmassperunitareaorforthickness-Hydrogenevolutionmethodforzinccoatings

2505Metallicmaterials

2505.1Part1:Sheet,stripandplate—Bendtests

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AS/NZS1050

Methodsfortheanalysisofironandsteel(allparts)

1365

Tolerancesforflat-rolledsteelproducts

ASTMA754

Testmethodforcoatingweight(mass)ofmetalliccoatingsonsteelbyX-rayfluorescence

ISO7966

Acceptancecontrolcharts

1.3DEFINITIONS

ForthepurposeofthisStandard,thedefinitionsbelowapply.

1.3.1Batch

Anidentifiableamountof50torlessofoneproducttype,i.e.ofaparticularthicknessofsteelgrade,coatingtypeandcoatingmass,processedsequentiallyundersimilarconditions.

1.3.2Coatingmass

Thetotalmassofcoatingonbothsurfacesofthesteelbase,measuredingramspersquaremetreofsheetorstrip.Inthecaseofdifferentialcoatings,thedifferentsurfacesarestatedseparately.

NOTE:Thecoatingthicknessisnotsubjecttospecificationasitdependsuponthecoatingalloydensity,whichvarieswithcomposition.TheapproximatecoatingthicknessforvariouscoatingclassesisgiveninTableC2inAppendixC.

Onesurfacesinglespotcoatingmass

Theminimumcoatingmassonanyonesurfaceofanyoneofthethreespecimensusedforthetriplespottest.

Singlesidedcoatingmass—applicablefordifferentialcoatings,seeTable3.6

Themassofcoatingonanyonesurfaceofthesteelbase,measuredingramspersquaremetreofsheetorstrip,basedontheaverageofthreespecimensselectedfromasamplerepresentingtheoriginalcrosssectionofthesheetorstrip.

Singlespotcoatingmass

Thecoatingmassforoneofthethreespecimensusedforthetriplespotcoatingmasstest.

Triplespotcoatingmass

Theaveragecoatingmassofthreespecimensselectedfromasamplerepresentingtheoriginalcross-sectionofthesheetorstrip.

1.3.3Coatingtype

ThecompositionsofmanyofthemetalliccoatingsdescribedinthisStandardarebasedaroundanominalelement,e.g.zinc,oranominalcombinationofelements,e.g.55%aluminiumwithbalancezinc.Incertaincoatingsthereareadditionsofelementsconsideredminorintheirpercentage,orinfluenceintermsofthecoatingperformance,e.g.theadditionof0.20%aluminiumtocontrolalloyinginzinctypecoatings.

Thereferenceto‘minoradditionsofcontrolelements'inthisStandardistocovertheseinstances,i.e.minoradditionsofcontrolelementsarepresentatlessthan1%bymassanddonotfundamentallyaltertheoverallpropertiesofthecoatingtypewithinwhichtheyarecontained.Percentagesreferencedinthestandardaremass%.

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Zinccoating

Ahot-dipcoatingof99%zincincorporatinglessthan1%ofminoradditionsofcontrolelements(TypeZ)oracoatingofzincconvertedtoazinc/ironalloy(TypeZF).

Zinc/aluminiumcoating

Ahot-dipcoatingofzincwith3%to15%aluminiumandincorporatinglessthan1%ofminoradditionsofcontrolelements(TypeZA).

Zinc/aluminium/magnesiumcoating

Ahot-dipcoatingofzincwith5%to13%aluminium,2%to4%magnesiumand

incorporatinglessthan1%ofminoradditionsofcontrolelements(TypeZM).

Aluminium/zincalloycoating

Ahot-dipcoatingof50%to60%aluminium,1%to2%silicon,withtheremainderzinc,andincorporatinglessthan1%ofminoradditionsofcontrolelements.(TypeAZ).

Aluminium/zinc/magnesiumalloycoating

Ahot-dipcoatingof47%to57%aluminium,1%to3%magnesium,1%to2%siliconwiththeremainderzinc,andincorporatinglessthan1%ofminoradditionsofcontrolelements(TypeAM).

1.3.4Differentialcoating

Acoatingwherebythemanufacturerhasdeliberativelyappliedadifferentcoatingmasstoeachsideofthesteel.

Inthecaseofadifferentialcoatingthedesignationstatesthecoatingmassing/m²ofsheetforeachsideseparately,seeExample6inClause1.5.3.

Foranon-differentialcoating,thesinglesidedcoatingmassinasinglespotcannotbelessthan40%ofthestatedtotalcoatingmass.

1.3.5Sheet

Aflatrolledproductofanywidthandthicknesscoatedbyhot-dippingandsuppliedincutlengths.

1.3.6Strip

Aflatrolledproductofanywidthandthicknesscoatedbyhot-dippingandsuppliedincoilform.

1.4SURFACECONDITIONINGANDSURFACETREATMENT

1.4.1General

Metalliccoatedsteelproductscanbeconditionedmechanicallyaftercoating,andcanbesuppliedwithanumberofsurfacetreatments.Therequiredsurfaceconditionandtreatmentshouldbespecifieduponorderingwiththesupplier(seeAppendixA).

1.4.2Surfaceconditioning

Skinpassing

Themetalliccoatedsurfacecanbe‘skinpassed'afterthecoatingprocesstoproduceamattefinish,typicallyforpainting.

Thisprocessmaydisguisethenaturalspangledappearanceoftheproduct(seeClause.5below)andisdesignatedbythesuffix'S'afterthecoatingmass,e.g.

AZ150S.

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NOTE:Thepurposeoftheskinpassistoproduceahigherdegreeofsurfacesmoothnessandtherebywillchangethesurfaceappearance.Skinpassingalsotemporarilyminimizestheoccurrenceofasurfaceconditionknownasstretcherstrain(Luderslines)orflutingduringthefabricationoffinishedparts.Theskinpassingalsocontrolsandimprovesflatness.Someincreaseinhardnessandlossofductilitywillresultfromskinpassing.

Spanglesuppression

Somemanufacturersprovidespanglesuppressionthatcanminimizeoressentiallydisguisethenaturalspangledappearanceoftheproduct(seeClause.4).Suppressiontechniquescanincludewatersprayingtoincreasethecoatingcoolingratetomakesmallerspangles,chemicalspraysthatinitiatemanyspanglesandresultinasmallerspangledappearanceortheproductionofaspanglefreecoatingbyremovingaspangleformingelement.

1.4.3Chemicalsurfacetreatment

Organiclayer

Athinorganiclayercanbeappliedtothecoatedsteelsurfacetoprovideprotectionagainstfingerprintingduringhandling,andtoprovidelubricationtothesurfacetoassistinsubsequentformingoperations.Insomecasesthisorganiclayercanalsocontainachemicaltoprovidepassivationprotection(seeClause

).

Passivation

Theapplicationofachemicalsolutiontothecoatedsteelsurfaceinordertoproduceathin,tightlyadherent,reactivelayerthatprovidesadegreeofprotectionagainstwetstackstoragestainingandminimizesearlydullingofthesurface.

Oiling

Theapplicationofalightmineraloiltothesurfaceofthecoatedsteelinordertoprovidetemporaryprotectionpriortosubsequentprocessing,e.g.painting.Theoilistypicallyremovedviachemicalcleaninginthesubsequentprocessingoperation.

1.5PRODUCTDESIGNATION

1.5.1General

Theproductdesignationshallcomprise,insequence,thefollowingelements:

(a)ThenumberofthisAustralianStandard,i.e.AS1397.

(b)Thesteelgrade(seeClause1.5.2).

(c)Thecoatingclassandsurfacefinish(seeClause1.5.3).

Example1:

AS1397/G550Z450

Example2:

AS1397/G2Z275

Example3:

AS1397/G3NZ200S

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1.5.2Designationofsteelgrade

General

Thedesignationofthesteelgrade,asgiveninTables2.1,2.2and2.3ofSection2,shallincludeasetofcharactersinaccordancewiththefollowing:

(a)Firstcharacter—theletter‘G'toindicatethatmechanicalpropertieshavebeenachievedormodifiedbyin-lineheattreatmentpriortohot-dipping.

(b)Secondandsubsequentcharacters—alphanumericinaccordancewithClauses

and

.

Forstructuralgrades

Thesecond,thirdandfourthcharactersshallrepresenttheminimumyieldstrength,inmegapascals,namely250,300,350,450,500and550.

Example4:

G550

Forformabilitygrades

Thesecondcharactershallconsistofthenumber1,2or3toindicateformability,asfollows:

(a)Profiling:

1

(b)Commercialforming:

2

(c)Drawing:

3

Athirdcharacter,theletterNwhereapplicable,shallbeusedtoindicatenon-ageing.

Example5:

G3N

1.5.3Designationofcoatingclassandsurfacefinish

Zinccoatingclass

Thezinccoatingclassshallbedesignatedbytheprefix‘Z'or‘ZF’(seeClause

),

followedbyanumberrepresentingtheminimumcoatingmass,ingramspersquaremetreofsheetorstrip(totalbothsurfaces),determinedbythetriplespottest(seeClause3.2).Fordifferentialcoatings,thedesignationshallincludetheminimumcoatingmassoneachsurface.

Zinc/aluminiumcoatingclass

Thezinc/aluminiumcoatingclassshallbedesignatedbytheprefix‘ZA’(seeClause

)followed

byanumberrepresentingtheminimumcoatingmass,ingramspersquaremetreofsheetorstrip(totalbothsurfaces),determinedbythetriplespottest(seeClause3.2).

Zinc/aluminium/magnesiumcoatingclass

Thezinc/aluminium/magnesiumalloycoatingclassshallbedesignatedbytheprefix‘ZM’(seeClause

),followed

byanumberrepresentingtheminimumcoatingmassingramspersquaremetreofsheetorstrip(totalbothsurfaces),determinedbythetriplespottest(seeClause3.2).

Aluminium/zinccoatingclass

Thealuminium/zincalloycoatingclassshallbedesignatedbytheprefix‘AZ’(seeClause

),followed

byanumberrepresentingtheminimumcoatingmass,ingramspersquaremetreofsheetorstrip(totalbothsurfaces),determinedbythetriplespottest(seeClause3.2).

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9AS1397—2011

Aluminium/zinc/magnesiumcoatingclass

Thealuminium/zinc/magnesiumalloycoatingclassshallbedesignatedbytheprefix‘AM’(seeClause

),followed

byanumberrepresentingtheminimumcoatingmass,ingramspersquaremetreofsheetorstrip(totalbothsurfaces),determinedbythetriplespottest(seeClause3.2).

Example6:

Z450—azinccoatingwithatotalcoatingmassof450g/m²overbothsidesofthesheet,orZ120/60(adifferentcoating)—adifferentialzinccoatingwithacoatingmassof120g/m²overonesideofthesheetand60g/m²overtheothersideofthesheet.

Example7:

ZF100—anannealedzinccoatingof100g/m²overbothsidesofthesheet.

Example8:

ZM180—azinc/aluminium/magnesiumcoatingwithatotalcoatingmassof180g/m²overbothsidesofthesheet.

Example9:

AZ150—analuminium/zinccoatingwithatotalcoatingmassof150g/m²overbothsidesofthesheet.

Example10:

AM125—analuminium/zinc/magnesiumcoatingwithatotalcoatingmassof

125g/m²overbothsidesofthesheet.

Surfacefinish

.1General

Thenaturalappearanceofcontinuoushot-dipmetalliccoatedsteelsheetandstripdependsuponanumberoffactorsincludingthecoatingcomposition,thesteelsurfaceroughnessandthecoolingratetonamethree.

Designationsforusewhenorderingaresetoutbelow.

.2Regularspangle—designated'R'ornotstated

Thefinishachievedonhot-dipzinctype(Z)coatingswhichisseenasvisible,multi-facetedzinccrystalsreferredtoasspangles.Thespanglesizemaybedifferentfromdifferentcoatingfacilities.Inthiscasethecoatingcoolingistypicallynotcontrolledtoachieveaparticularvisualeffect.

.3Spanglefree—f

Thefeatureless,uniformsurfacefinishproducedoncontinuoushot-dipmetalliccoatedsteelsheetandstripwhereadistinct'spangle'appearance,andtheirregularitiesassociatedwiththespangles,isnotvisiblewithoutmagnification.TypeZAandZMcoatingsaretypicallyspanglefreeintheirnaturalstate.

.4Minimizedspangle—designated'M'

Themanufacturerhasdeliberatelychangedthesolidificationand/orcoolingofthecoatingtoproduceafinishwherethezinccrystalsarestillvisibletotheeyewithoutmagnification,butaretypicallysmallerandlessdistinctthanthepatternvisibleonregularspangledproduct.

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.5Skinpassedorsmoothfinish—designated'S'

Skinpassingofthecoatedproductcanproduceasmooth,mattefinishoftendesirableforpainting(refertoClause

,and

AppendixD,ParagraphD2.1).

Example11:

ZM180SforaTypeZMcoatingatanominalcoatingmassof180g/m²thathasbeenskinpassed;or

Z275MSforaTypeZcoatingatanominalcoatingmassof275g/m²thathasbeenmanufacturedwithminimizedspangleandhasbeenskinpassed.

1.6ROUNDINGOFTESTRESULTVALUES

1.6.1General

Withtheexceptionofthetensiletestandcoatingmassresults,theobservedorcalculatedvaluesshallberoundedtothesamenumberoffiguresasinthespecifiedvaluesandthencomparedwiththespecifiedvalues(seealsoAS2706).

1.6.2Fortensiletestresults

Thedeterminedvalueoftensilestrengthshallberoundedtothenearest10MPaandthedeterminedvalueofyieldstrengthshallberoundedtothenearest5MPa.

1.6.3Forcoatingmassresults

Thedeterminedvalueofcoatingmassshallberoundedtothenearest5g/m².

1.7MARKING

1.7.1Package

EachpackagefordeliveryshallbelegiblyanddurablymarkedortaggedtoenableittobeidentifiedwiththisStandard.Theinformationonthepackageshallalsoincludethefollowing:

(a)Theproductdesignation(asperClause1.5).

(b)Theproductdimensions.

(c)Themanufacturer'snameortrademark.

(d)Fordifferentialcoatedsheetorstrip,identificationofthesidewhichhastheheaviercoating.

(e)Auniqueidentifiertofacilitateproducttraceability.

1.7.2Product

ThesheetorstripshallbelegiblyanddurablymarkedwiththenumberofthisAustralianStandard,i.e.AS1397,thebasesteelthickness,andthedesignationofthesteelbaseandcoating,unlesssuchmarkingsareclearlydetrimentaltotheenduse,inwhichcasethepackageshallbesomarked.

11AS1397—2011

SECTION2THESTEELBASE

2.1SCOPEOFSECTION

Thissectionspecifiesrequirementsforninegradesofsteelsheetandstrip:threegradesarebasedonformabilityandsixstructuralgradesarebasedonyieldstress.

2.2CHEMICALCOMPOSITION

2.2.1General

ThemethodofsamplingforchemicalanalysisshallbeinaccordancewithAS/NZS1050.1ChemicalcompositionshallbedeterminedbyanyprocedureswhichareatleastasaccurateasthosegivenintheAS/NZS1050seriesofStandards.

2.2.2Castanalysis

Whereverpossible,achemicalanalysisofthesteelfromeachladleshallbemadetodeterminetheproportionsofthespecifiedelements.Incaseswhereitisimpracticabletoobtainsamplesfromtheliquidsteel,analysisontestsamplestakeninaccordancewiththerequirementsofAS/NZS1050.1maybereportedasthecastanalysis.

ThereportedcastanalysisofthesteelshallconformtothelimitsgiveninTable2.1fortheappropriategrade.

2.2.3Unspecifiedchemicalelements

ForsteelscomplyingwiththisStandard,elementsnotspecifiedinTable2.1shallnotbepresentinquantitiesdetrimentaltotheintendeduseofthesteel.

2.2.4Productanalysis

Anysubsequentanalyticalcheckscarriedoutontheproductshalltakeintoconsiderationtheheterogeneitycharacteristicofthetypeofsteel.

TABLE2.1

REQUIREMENTSFORCHEMICALCOMPOSITION

SteelgradedesignationAS1397

Chemicalcomposition(castanalysis),%max.

Carbon

Manganese

Phosphorus

Sulfur

G450,G500,G550

0.20

1.20

0.040

0.030

G300,G350(seeNote)

0.30

1.60

0.100

0.035

G250,G1

0.12

0.50

0.040

0.035

G2

0.10

0.45

0.030

0.030

G3

0.08

0.40

0.020

0.025

NOTE:ForgradeG300,nitrogenizedsteelmaybeusedforsectionsgreaterthan1.00mm

thick.

2.3TENSILETEST

2.3.1General

WhentestedinaccordancewithAS1391,thetensilepropertiesshallmeettherequirements

ofTables2.2and2.3.

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