(英语)高考英语翻译常见题型及答题技巧及练习题(含答案)

（英语）高考英语翻译常见题型及答题技巧及练习题(含答案)一、高中英语翻译1．高中英语翻译题：TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsgiveninthebrakes.1．网球运动在上海越来越流行了。（popular）2．我认为你们的建议和他们的一样有价值。（as…as）3．只喝一杯咖啡就会使我整晚睡不着。（keep）4．为了纪念那些勇敢的消防战士，一部电影即将开拍。（memory）5．过了三天她才想起把雨衣忘在语言实验室了。（remember）6．尽管山高林密，医护人员还是迅速地赶到出事地点，试试救援。（despite）【答案】1．TennisisgettingmoreandmorepopularinShanghai.2．Ithinkyoursuggestionisasvaluableastheirs.3．Drinkingonlyacupofcoffeewillkeepmeawakeallnight.4．Afilmwillbemade/shotinmemoryofthosebravefirefighters.5．Itwasthreedayslaterthatsherememberedleaving/havingleftherraincoatinthelanguagelab.6．Despitethehighmountainsandthickforests,thedoctorsandnursesrushedtothesceneoftheaccidentfortherescue/tocarryouttherescue.【解析】【分析】翻译题要力争做到译文的正确、准确、地道三个要求。正确就是译文没有明显的语言错误，准确是指考生能运用合适的词汇和句式完整的表述原意，地道是指译文不但无语言错误，而且用此选句符合英语习惯，意义表达生动灵活。所以，做翻译题时要综合运用词句知识，注意词汇的习惯搭配和句子时态、语态、人称和句式的选择。1．表示“越来越……”，英语的表达方式为“比较级+and+比较级用于进行时里中。2．表示“与……一样……”应该用“as+adj./adv原级+as…”结构。3．本句要注意两点：1.动名词用作主语的用法；2.keep+sb./sth.+adj(做宾补)使……保持某种状态。4．“为了纪念……”应选用“inthememoryof”固定短语来表达。5．解答本题要注意两点：1.强调句型的运用；2.rememberdoingsth.记住做过某事。6．本句较为复杂，除了掌握despite作为介词可以接名词构成介词短语作状语外，还要注意句中谓语动词的准确选择和时态的确定，最后还要注意“实施援救”这一目的状语的表达。2．高中英语翻译题：Directions:TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsgiveninthebrackets.1．为了安全起见，小孩不应该被单独留在家里。(leave)_________________2．深深吸了一口气，他面带微笑地走上了舞台。(with)_________________3．一个人待人处世的方式能反映出他是怎样的人。(theway)_________________4．只有当一系列奇数问题得到解决，到2025年，新能源汽车才能占汽车销量的百分之二十。(Only)_________________【答案】1．Forthesakeofsafety/Forsafety,children/achildshouldnotbeleftaloneathome2．Havingtakenadeepbreath,hewentuptothestagewithasmileonhisface.3．Thewayapersontreatsotherscanreflectwhatkindofpersonheis.4．Onlywhenaseriesoftechnicalproblemsaresolvedcannewenergycarsaccountfor20percentofallthecarsalesby2025.【解析】【分析】本题考查翻译，注意使用括号内的提示词进行翻译。1．考查被动语态和“leave+宾语+宾补”结构。根据句意可知本句使用leavesbalone表示“把某人单独留下”，children/achild与leave之间是被动关系，应该用被动语态，故翻译为：Forthesakeofsafety/Forsafety,children/achildrenshouldnotbeleftaloneathome2．考查非谓语动词。he与takeadeepbreath之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，而且takeadeepbreath明显发生在wentupto之前，所以用现在分词的完成式作状语，故翻译为：Havingtakenadeepbreath,hewentuptothestagewithasmileonhisface.3．考查定语从句和宾语从句。way作先行词，定语从句的关系词，有三中引导方法：inwhich，that或省略，reflect为宾语从句，从句中缺少表语，用what引导，故翻译为：Thewayapersontreatsotherscanreflectwhatkindofpersonheis.4．考查倒装。accountfor表示“占（比例）”，“only+状语”位于句首时，其后要用部分倒装，故翻译为：Onlywhenaseriesoftechnicalproblemsaresolvedcannewenergycarsaccountfor20percentofallthecarsalesby2025.3．高中英语翻译题：TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsgiveninthebrackets.1．新来的员工经验不足，在解决顾客投诉时遇到了麻烦。(havetrouble)________________________2．医生向病人保证，只要他按时服药就没有大碍。(assure)________________________3．尽管日程安排很紧，他还是报名参加了他同事推荐的那个课程。(despite)________________________4．直到妻子与他离了婚，他才意识到他应该多抽一些时间陪伴家人，而不是一心只有工作。(until)________________________【答案】1．Thenewemployeewasinexperienced,so(that)hehadtrouble(in)dealingwiththecustomer’scomplaint(s).Thenewemployeelackedexperience,andhehadtrouble(in)dealingwiththecustomers’complaint(s).Becauseoflackofexperience,thenewemployeehadtrouble(in)dealingwiththecustomers’complaint(s).2．Thedoctorassuredthepatientthathewouldbefineaslongashetookmedicineontime.3．Despitehisbusy/full/tightschedule,hesignedupforthecourserecommendedbyhiscolleague.4．Notuntilhiswifedivorcedhimdidherealizethatheshouldhavesparedmoretimetokeepthefamilycompany/staywiththefamilyinsteadofbeingobsessedwith/absorbedinhiswork.Hedidn’trealizethatheshouldhavesetasidemoretimetoaccompanythefamilyinsteadofbeingbusywithhisworkuntilhewasdivorcedfrom/withhiswife.【解析】1．考查havetrouble的相关用法。分析句子可知，本句为一般过去时，所以用hadtrouble(in)doingsth,句子可以翻译成so/and连接的并列句或者sothat连接的结果状语从句。也可翻译为一个简单句。“缺少经验”可以翻译为：wasinexperienced，lackedexperience，lackofexperience。再根据其他汉语提示，故翻译为：1.Thenewemployeewasinexperienced,so(that)hehadtrouble(in)dealingwiththecustomer’scomplaint(s).Thenewemployeelackedexperience,andhehadtrouble(in)dealingwiththecustomers’complaint(s).Becauseoflackofexperience,thenewemployeehadtrouble(in)dealingwiththecustomers’complaint(s).2．考查assure的相关用法。分析句子可知，本句为一般过去时，谓语为assure后接sb+that宾语从句。再根据其它汉语提示，故翻译为：Thedoctorassuredthepatientthathewouldbefineaslongashetookmedicineontime.3．考查despite的相关用法。分析句子可知，本句为一般过去时，谓语动词为signedupfor,过去分词短语recommendedbyhiscolleague作course的后置定语，despite为介词后接名词hisbusy/full/tightschedule作宾语。故翻译为：Despitehisbusy/full/tightschedule,hesignedupforthecourserecommendedbyhiscolleague.4．考查until相关的用法。分析句子可知，本句为一般过去时，主句为not…until的用法，realize后接that引导的宾语从句，从句的谓语为shouldhavedone“本应该做某事，而实际上没有做”。until从句的谓语为bedivorcedfrom/withsb“与某人离婚”。忙于做某事beobsessedwith/absorbedinhiswork/bebusywithhiswork置于insteadof之后，所以形式为beingobsessedwith/absorbedinhiswork/beingbusywithhiswork。再根据其它汉语提示，故翻译为：Hedidn’trealizethatheshouldhavesetasidemoretimetoaccompanythefamilyinsteadofbeingbusywithhisworkuntilhewasdivorcedfrom/withhiswife也可将Not…until放在句首，引导部分倒装句，故翻译为：Notuntilhiswifedivorcedhimdidherealizethatheshouldhavesparedmoretimetokeepthefamilycompany/staywiththefamilyinsteadofbeingobsessedwith/absorbedinhiswork.【点睛】notuntil的倒装句归纳总结1.当Notuntil位于句首时,句子要倒装.其结构为:Notuntil+从句/表时间的词+助动词+(主句)主语+谓语+.如:Notuntiltheteachercameindidthestudentsstoptalking.直到老师进来学生们才2.notuntil的强调结构为:Itis/wasnotuntil+从句/表时间的词+that+其它成分根据notuntil倒装句的用法，小题4还可翻译为：Notuntilhiswifedivorcedhimdidherealizethatheshouldhavesparedmoretimetokeepthefamilycompany/staywiththefamilyinsteadofbeingobsessedwith/absorbedinhiswork.符合第一点用法。4．高中英语翻译题：Directions：TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsgiveninthebrackets.1．晚上别喝太多的咖啡，会睡不着觉的。（or）2．事实证明，保持快乐的心态会降低得心脏病的风险。（It）3．乐观的人不会过分怀念美好的旧时光，因为他们正忙着创造新的回忆。（create）4．追求稳定并不是什么坏事，很多时候这样的态度在促使我们提升自我、挑战难度、攀登高峰。（when）【答案】1．Don’tdrinktoomuchcoffeeatnight,oryouwon’tbeabletosleep.2．Itisprovedthatkeepingahappymindreducestheriskofheartdiseases.3．Optimisticpeopledon’tmissthegoodolddaystoomuch,becausetheyarebusycreatingnewmemories.4．Thepursuitofstabilityisnotabadthing.(and)Therearemanytimeswhensuchanattitudedrivesustoimproveourselves,challengedifficulties,andclimbpeaks.【解析】【分析】本题考查翻译，用括号所给的词将中文翻译成英文。翻译要注意句子的时态和语法的运用。1．考查祈使句。祈使句+and/or，前面的祈使句表示条件，or或and引导的分句表示结果这里表示转折关系，故用or。故答案为Don’tdrinktoomuchcoffeeatnight,oryouwon’tbeabletosleep.2．考查名词性从句。翻译时句中用it作形式主语，真正的主语为从句thatkeepingahappymindreducestheriskofheartdiseases.，从句翻译时要注意动名词作主语。故答案为Itisprovedthatkeepingahappymindreducestheriskofheartdiseases.3．考查动词。翻译时注意短语bebusydoing忙于做……，时态用一般现在时。故答案为Optimisticpeopledon’tmissthegoodolddaystoomuch,becausetheyarebusycreatingnewmemories.4．考查定语从句。先行词为times，在定语从句中作时间状语，故用关系副词when引导。故答案为Thepursuitofstabilityisnotabadthing.(and)Therearemanytimeswhensuchanattitudedrivesustoimproveourselves,challengedifficulties,andclimbpeaks.5．高中英语翻译题：TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsgiveninthebrackets.1．很多人对他们的潜能一无所知。(ignorant)__________________________________2．这些政策在一定程度上对该地区的经济衰退负有责任。(extent)__________________________________3．自古以来老百姓就希望天下太平，同各国人民友好相处。(longfor)__________________________________4．青少年问题的发展趋势值得我们关注和研究，也值得整个社会群策群力，共商对策。(which)__________________________________【答案】1．Manypeoplearetotallyignorantoftheirpotential(abilities/talents).2．Thesepoliciesaretosomeextentresponsiblefortheregion’seconomicdecline.3．Sinceancienttimespeoplehavelongedforapeacefulworldtolivetogetherinfriendshipwithpeoplefrom/ofallcountries./Sinceancienttimespeoplehavelongedforapeacefulworld,wherepeopleofall/differentcountrieslivetogetherinfriendship.4．Thedevelopingtrendofyouth/adolescent/teenagerproblemsdeservesourattentionandresearch/analysis,whichalsodeservesthejointeffortsofthewholesocietytofindsolutions.【解析】1．考查ignorant相关用法和时态。分析句子可知，句子为一般现在时，谓语动词为beignorantof...“不知道”、“不懂”。结合汉意，故翻译为：Manypeoplearetotallyignorantoftheirpotential(abilities/talents).2．考查extent的相关用法和时态。分析句子可知，句子为一般现在时，谓语动词为beresponsiblefor，tosomeextent“某一定程度上”为固定短语。结合汉意。故翻译为：Thesepoliciesaretosomeextentresponsiblefortheregion’seconomicdecline.3．考查动词短语和时态。分析句子可知，由句中的Sinceancienttimes可知，本句为现在完成时，谓语动词为longfor“渴望”，所以用havelongedfor。结合汉意。故翻译为Sinceancienttimespeoplehavelongedforapeacefulworldtolivetogetherinfriendshipwithpeoplefrom/ofallcountries./Sinceancienttimespeoplehavelongedforapeacefulworld,wherepeopleofall/differentcountrieslivetogetherinfriendship.4．考查关系代词。分析句子可知，本句时态为一般现在时，Thedevelopingtrendofyouth/adolescent/teenagerproblems为主语，谓语为deserve。本句还涉及非限制性定语从句，非限制性定语从句为一般现在时。Thedevelopingtrendofyouth/adolescent/teenagerproblems为定语从句的先行词，在定语从句中作deserve的主语，所以关系代词为which。结合汉意。故翻译为：Thedevelopingtrendofyouth/adolescent/teenagerproblemsdeservesourattentionandresearch/analysis,whichalsodeservesthejointeffortsofthewholesocietytofindsolutions.6．高中英语翻译题：Translations1．嫌疑人已抓获，所有相关证据已移交警方．（concern）2．众所周知，学习方法因人而异，适合你的不一定适合我．（necessarily）3．我突然想到，我忘记提醒班长集合时间了，随即给他发了一个消息．（It）4．学生表达自我的能力越强，他们就越可能在入学面试中脱颖而出，这促使了他们将练习演讲作为每日常规．（rule）【答案】1．Thesuspecthasbeenarrested，andalltheconcerningevidencehasbeentransferredtothepolice．2．Asweallknow，learningmethodvariesfrompersontoperson，sowhatissuitableforyoumaynotnecessarilysuitme．3．ItsuddenlyoccurredtomethatIforgottoremindthemonitorofthetimeforgathering，soIlefthimashortmessage．4．Thestrongerthestudents'abilitytoexpressthemselves，themorelikelytheyaretostandoutintheentranceinterview，whichmakesitaruleforthemtopracticespeakingeveryday．【解析】1．相关的，有关的：concerning；嫌疑人：suspect，根据汉语提示，使用现在完成时，并且注意使用被动。故译为Thesuspecthasbeenarrested，andalltheconcerningevidencehasbeentransferredtothepolice．2．这是对学习方法的一种主观评价，所以使用一般现在时。首先，翻译时使用as引导一个非限制性定语从句，varyfrompersontoperson因人而异；so引导一个结果状语从句，notnecessarily未必。故译为Asweallknow，learningmethodvariesfrompersontoperson，sowhatissuitableforyoumaynotnecessarilysuitme．3．这是对过去事实的陈述，所以使用一般过去时。结合句子的意思和括号中的代词it可知，翻译时需要使用句型itoccurredtomethat我突然想起……；it为形式主语，that引导一个主语从句，remindsbofsth意为"提醒某人某物"，最后使用so引导一个结果状语从句。故译为ItsuddenlyoccurredtomethatIforgottoremindthemonitorofthetimeforgathering，soIlefthimashortmessage．4．这是对学生个人能力的一种客观评价，所以使用一般现在时。翻译时需要使用句式结构the+比较级，the+比较级，用来表达"越……越……"；belikelytodosth可能会做某事．而makeitaruleforsb.todo某人做某事成功常规。故译为Thestrongerthestudents'abilitytoexpressthemselves，themorelikelytheyaretostandoutintheentranceinterview，whichmakesitaruleforthemtopracticespeakingeveryday．【点睛】汉译英基本步骤：1．理解，通读并透彻理解原文含义2．翻译，确定译文句子的时态、句型、结构和用词3．审校，首先检查译文是否正确地转述了原文内容，是否有错译和漏译；其次，检查是否有语言上的明显错误，如时态、语态、单复数、拼写、大小写、标点符号等．发现错误，及时改正。7．高中英语翻译题：TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsgiveninthebrackets.1．即使天气再热，也不要整天待在空调房间里。(stay)2．一旦一个人学会了换位思考，就表明他正在走向成熟。(indicate)3．直到他听了那个讲座才意识到自己对于该领域的知识是如此的匮乏。(It)4．他们从没想到年底大桥就要建成通车了，这将使他们的出行更为便利。(occur,make)【答案】1．Don’tstayintheair-conditionedroomalldayevenifit’sextremelyhot.2．Onceapersonhaslearnedhowtothinkinotherpeople’sposition,itindicatesthatheisgettingmature.3．Itwasnotuntilheattendedthelecturethatherealizedhowlittleheknewaboutthefield.4．Itneveroccurredtothemthatthebridgewouldbeopentotraffic/thepublicbytheendoftheyear,whichwillmakeiteasierforthemtogoout/anditwillmakeiteasierforthemtogoout.【解析】1．考查祈使句和让步状语从句。根据句意可知本句为祈使句，同时用evenif/eventhough引导让步状语从句，表示“即使”，故翻译为：Don’tstayintheair-conditionedroomalldayevenifit’sextremelyhot.2．考查条件状语从句和宾语从句。根据句意可知本句使用once引导条件状语从句，表示“一旦”，而且learnhowtothinkinotherpeople’sposition发生在indicate之前，要用现在完成时，indicate用一般现在时，其后为宾语从句，从句成分完整，用that引导，故翻译为：Onceapersonhaslearnedhowtothinkinotherpeople’sposition,itindicatesthatheisgettingmature.3．考查notuntil的强调句型。根据句意可知本句使用notuntil的强调句型，其基本结构为：Itisnotuntil+被强调部分+that+其余部分，事情发生在过去，应该用一般过去时，故翻译为：Itwasnotuntilheattendedthelecturethatherealizedhowlittleheknewaboutthefield.4．考查固定句式和非限定性定语从句。Itoccurstosb.that表示“某人突然想到……”，同时可以使用非限定性定语从句，用which指代整个主句内容并在从句中做主语，故翻译为：Itneveroccurredtothemthatthebridgewouldbeopentotraffic/thepublicbytheendoftheyear,whichwillmakeiteasierforthemtogoout/anditwillmakeiteasierforthemtogoout.。8．高中英语翻译题：TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsgiveninbrackets.1．只要你有耐心，你总能在夜市淘到一些便宜货。(pickup)2．让他宽慰的是，在房价飙升之前，他在同事的建议下买了一套公寓。(advice)3．这个品牌的手机各方面都比所有其他的手机好，只是价格实在太贵了。(superior)4．鉴于这个计划风险太大，虽然设计者的分析听上去很合理，政府最终没有采纳。(risky)【答案】1．Aslongasyouhavepatience,youcanalwayspickupsomebargainsinthenightmarket.2．Tohisgreatrelief,heboughtaflatonhiscolleague’sadvicebeforehousepricesrocketed.3．Thisbrandofmobilephoneissuperiortoalltheothersineveryrespect,exceptthatitspriceisreallytoohigh.4．Consideringthattheplanwastoorisky,thegovernmenteventuallydidn’tadoptitalthoughthedesigner’sanalysissoundedsensible.【解析】1．考查状语从句和时态。此处含aslongas“只要”引导的条件状语从句的复合句；havepatience“忍耐一下”；固定词组：pickup“捡起，获得”；再根据所给汉语可知句子用一般现在时态，故翻译为Aslongasyouhavepatience,youcanalwayspickupsomebargainsinthenightmarket.2．考查状语从句和时态。此处是含before“在…之前”引导的时间状语从句；分析句子结构：he是句子主语，谓语动词用一般过去时态bought，aflat是句子宾语；固定短语：Tohisgreatrelief“使他非常欣慰的是”；hiscolleague’sadvice“他同事的建议”；再根据所给汉语可知翻译为：Tohisgreatrelief,heboughtaflatonhiscolleague’sadvicebeforehousepricesrocketed.3．考查时态和固定短语。分析句子结构：Thisbrandofmobilephone是句子主语；issuperiorto“优于”是谓语部分；exceptthat除了…之外；再根据所给汉语可知句子用一般现在时态，故翻译为：Thisbrandofmobilephoneissuperiortoalltheothersineveryrespect,exceptthatitspriceisreallytoohigh.4．考查状语从句和时态。此处是consideringthat“考虑到，就…而论”引导的原因状语从句；although引导让步状语从句；risky“冒险的”，adopt“采纳”；句子为一般过去时。再根据所给汉语故翻译为：Consideringthattheplanwastoorisky,thegovernmenteventuallydidn’tadoptitalthoughthedesigner’sanalysissoundedsensible.9．高中英语翻译题：TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsgiveninthebrackets.1．不要运动过度，不然有猝死的可能。(or)2．我想当时你一定具有控制自己行为的能力。(power)3．虽然关注自己的快乐没有错，但把快乐传播给身边的人总是一件不错的事。(communicate)4．妄自菲薄只会让自己迷失方向，限制自身发展。从今天开始就关掉消极频道，释放自身的潜能吧(nowhere)【答案】1．Don’texercisetoomuch,oryoumaydieofsuddendeath.2．Ithinkyoumusthavehadthepowertocontrolyourbehavioratthattime.3．Althoughthereisnothingwrongwithfocusingonyourownhappiness,itisalwaysagoodthingtocommunicatehappinesstopeoplearound.4．Thinkingpoorlyaboutyourselfgetsyounowhere,limitingyourowndevelopment.Stopbeingnegativefromtodayandreleaseyourpotential.【解析】1．考查固定句式。“don’tdo…or…”表示“不要……，否则会……”，故翻译为：Don’texercisetoomuch,oryoumaydieofsuddendeath.2．考查情态动词+havedone。musthavedone表示对过去的事情最有把握的推测，表示“一定做过……”，故翻译为：Ithinkyoumusthavehadthepowertocontrolyourbehavioratthattime.3．考查让步状语从句和形式主语。首先确定两个关键短语：communicatesthtosb表示“将……