2025年考研英语（一）阅读理解备考：词汇语法与阅读技巧结合试卷

2025年考研英语（一）阅读理解备考：词汇语法与阅读技巧结合试卷考试时间：______分钟总分：______分姓名：______PartIVocabularyChoosethewordorphrasethatbestcompletesthesentence.1.Despitetheinitial______,theprojectteammanagedtodelivertheproductontime.A.obstacleB.prosperityC.guaranteeD.celebration2.Thenovel'sintricateplotkeptthereaders______untiltheveryend.A.boredB.amusedC.confusedD.captivated3.Itis______toassumethateconomicgrowthwillautomaticallysolvesocialproblems.A.naiveB.feasibleC.ambiguousD.notorious4.Thearchaeologistsdiscovereda______ancienttombfilledwithartifactsandtreasures.A.dilapidatedB.pristineC.neglectedD.devastated5.His______commentsduringthemeetingcausedasignificantriftwithintheteam.A.constructiveB.ambiguousC.contentiousD.sympathetic6.Thecompany'smarketingstrategywasdesignedto______ayoungerdemographic.A.alienateB.targetC.neglectD.exclude7.Theathlete's______trainingregimencontributedtohisexceptionalperformance.A.erraticB.rigorousC.sporadicD.haphazard8.Thescientist's______researchonthenewviruswascrucialfordevelopingavaccine.A.inconclusiveB.preliminaryC.comprehensiveD.speculative9.Despitefacingnumerous______,sheremaineddeterminedandresilient.A.setbacksB.triumphsC.advancementsD.endorsements10.The______landscapeofthewesternfrontierfascinatedtheauthorsoftheperiod.A.urbanizedB.civilizedC.desolateD.cultivatedPartIIGrammarFillineachblankwithonesuitableword.11.Thecommitteeiscurrently______adecisionontheproposedbudgetallocation.______theurgencyofthesituation,theyneedtoreachaconsensusquickly.12.Eachstudentwasaskedto______afivereportontheassignedtopic______theendofthesemester.13.IfI______you,Iwouldapologizetoher______herfeelingswerehurt.14.Themanager,______thestaffwereworkinglate,decidedtostaylatehimselftooffersupport.15.______shearrives,weshouldhaveabriefdiscussionabouttheproject'sdirection.16.Neitherthestudentsnortheteacher______satisfiedwiththequalityofthepresentation.17.Thebook,______waspublishedlastyear,hasalreadybecomeabestseller.18.Bythetimethepolicearrived,thethief______alreadyescapedfromthescene.19.Notonly______talentedbutalso______hardworking;thesequalitieshavecontributedtohersuccess.20.Thecompany'sprofits______significantlyoverthepastfiveyears,indicatingstronggrowth.PartIIIReadingComprehensionReadthefollowingpassagesandanswerthequestionsbasedonthem.Passage1Inrecentyears,theconceptofsustainabilityhasgainedsignificanttractionacrossvarioussectorsofsociety.Thisshiftislargelydrivenbygrowingconcernsabouttheenvironmentalimpactofhumanactivitiesandtheneedforlong-termresourcemanagement.Proponentsofsustainablepracticesarguethattheyareessentialforensuringthewell-beingoffuturegenerationsandpreservingtheplanet'snaturalecosystems.However,criticscontendthatimplementingsuchmeasurescouldhindereconomicdevelopmentandcreateunnecessaryburdensforbusinesses.Despitethesechallenges,themomentumtowardssustainabilityseemstobeunstoppable,withgovernments,organizations,andindividualsincreasinglyadoptingeco-friendlypractices.21.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?22.Accordingtothepassage,whatarethemainargumentsofproponentsandcriticsofsustainablepractices?23.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestaboutthefutureofsustainability?Passage2Therapidadvancementofartificialintelligence(AI)hassparkedbothexcitementandapprehensioninequalmeasure.Ononehand,AIhasthepotentialtorevolutionizenumerousindustries,fromhealthcaretotransportation,byautomatingtasks,improvingefficiency,andenablingnewformsofinnovation.Ontheotherhand,concernsexistabouttheethicalimplicationsofAI,particularlyregardingissuesofprivacy,jobdisplacement,andthepotentialformisuse.AsAIsystemsbecomemoresophisticated,itiscrucialforsocietytoengageinthoughtfuldiscussionsandestablishguidelinestoensurethatthesetechnologiesaredevelopedanddeployedresponsibly.24.Whatistheprimaryfocusofthepassage?25.Accordingtothepassage,whataresomeofthepotentialbenefitsanddrawbacksofAI?26.WhatdoestheauthorimplyabouttheroleofsocietyinthedevelopmentofAI?Passage3Thedigitalrevolutionhastransformedthewayweaccessandconsumeinformation.Theinternet,inparticular,hasdemocratizedknowledge,allowingpeoplefromallcornersoftheglobetoconnectandshareideas.However,thiseaseofaccessalsopresentschallenges,suchastheproliferationofmisinformationandthepotentialforfilterbubblestoisolateindividualswithintheirownechochambers.Furthermore,thedigitaldivideremainsasignificantissue,withmanypeoplestilllackingreliableaccesstotheinternetandtheskillsnecessarytonavigatethedigitallandscapeeffectively.Addressingthesechallengesisessentialforensuringthatthebenefitsofthedigitalrevolutionaresharedequitably.27.Whatisthemaintopicofthepassage?28.Accordingtothepassage,whataresomeofthepositiveandnegativeaspectsofthedigitalrevolution?29.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestaresomeofthekeyissuesthatneedtobeaddressedinthedigitalage?PartIVClozeReadthefollowingpassageandfillineachblankwiththemostappropriatewordfromthelistbelow.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.ListofWords:30.mitigate31.facilitate32.navigate33.persistent34.diverse35.accessTheincreasingcomplexityofglobalbusinessenvironmentsrequirescompaniestodevelopstrategiesthatcanhelpthem______(36)thechallengesandopportunitiespresentedbyinternationalmarkets.Onekeyaspectofthisinvolves______(37)effectivecommunicationacrossculturalboundaries.Companiesmustalso______(38)thediverseneedsoftheircustomersandadapttheirproductsandservicesaccordingly.Additionally,theyneedto______(39)newtechnologiesthatcan______(40)theiroperationsandenhanceefficiency.Finally,maintaininga______(41)commitmenttoethicalpracticesiscrucialforbuildinglong-termtrustandsuccessintoday'sinterconnectedworld.PartVSummaryReadthefollowingpassageandwriteabriefsummary(approximately100words)inyourownwords.Intherealmofliterature,theroleoftheantagonistisoftenunderestimated.Whiletheprotagonisttypicallytakescenterstage,theantagonistisjustascrucialinshapingthenarrativeanddrivingthestoryforward.Awell-craftedantagonistprovidesaformidablechallengetotheprotagonist,forcingthemtoconfronttheirlimitationsandgrow.Moreover,theantagonist'smotivationsandactionscanadddepthandcomplexitytothestory,raisingcriticalquestionsaboutmorality,justice,andthenatureofgoodandevil.Withoutacompellingantagonist,manystorieswouldlacktensionandconflict,makingthejourneyoftheprotagonistlessengagingandmeaningful.试卷答案PartIVocabulary1.A2.D3.A4.B5.C6.B7.B8.C9.A10.C解析思路：1.句子意为“尽管最初有阻碍，但项目团队还是准时交付了产品。”根据语境，空格处应填入表示“阻碍”的词。A.obstacle障碍，符合语境。B.prosperity繁荣，与语境相反。C.guarantee保证，不符合语境。D.celebration庆祝，与语境无关。故选A。2.句子意为“小说错综复杂的情节让读者着迷直到最后。”根据语境，空格处应填入表示“着迷”的词。A.bored感到无聊，与语境相反。B.amused感到愉快，程度不够。C.confused感到困惑，与语境不符。D.captivated着迷，符合语境。故选D。3.句子意为“假设经济增长会自动解决社会问题是不成熟的。”根据语境，空格处应填入表示“不成熟的”的词。A.naive不成熟的，天真的，符合语境。B.feasible可行的，与语境不符。C.ambiguous模棱两可的，与语境不符。D.notorious臭名昭著的，与语境无关。故选A。4.句子意为“考古学家发现了一个完好的古代陵墓，里面充满了文物和宝藏。”根据语境，空格处应填入表示“完好的”的词。A.dilapidated破败的，与语境相反。B.pristine完好的，原始的，符合语境。C.neglected被忽视的，与语境不符。D.devastated被摧毁的，与语境无关。故选B。5.句子意为“他在会议上的争议性评论在团队中造成了严重的分裂。”根据语境，空格处应填入表示“争议性的”的词。A.constructive建设性的，与语境不符。B.ambiguous模棱两可的，与语境不符。C.contentious争议性的，符合语境。D.sympathetic同情的，与语境无关。故选C。6.句子意为“公司的营销策略旨在针对更年轻的群体。”根据语境，空格处应填入表示“针对”的词。A.alienate使疏远，与语境相反。B.target针对，符合语境。C.neglect忽视，与语境不符。D.exclude排除，与语境无关。故选B。7.句子意为“运动员的严格训练计划促成了他卓越的表现。”根据语境，空格处应填入表示“严格的”的词。A.erratic任意的，不规则的，与语境不符。B.rigorous严格的，符合语境。C.sporadic不连贯的，与语境不符。D.haphazard任意的，与语境无关。故选B。8.句子意为“这位科学家对新病毒的综合研究对于开发疫苗至关重要。”根据语境，空格处应填入表示“综合的”的词。A.inconclusive没有结论的，与语境不符。B.preliminary初步的，与语境不符。C.comprehensive综合的，符合语境。D.speculative推测的，与语境不符。故选C。9.句子意为“尽管面临许多挫折，她仍然坚定并有韧性。”根据语境，空格处应填入表示“挫折”的词。A.setbacks挫折，符合语境。B.triumphs胜利，与语境相反。C.advancements进步，与语境不符。D.endorsements认可，与语境无关。故选A。10.句子意为“西部边疆的荒凉景观吸引了那个时期的作家。”根据语境，空格处应填入表示“荒凉的”的词。A.urbanized城市化的，与语境不符。B.civilized文明的，与语境不符。C.desolate荒凉的，符合语境。D.cultivated耕耘的，与语境无关。故选C。PartIIGrammar11.making,Inviewof12.write,by13.Were,if14.seeing,and15.Until16.is17.whose18.hadescaped19.isnotonly,butisalso20.hasincreased解析思路：11.句子意为“委员会正在就拟议的预算分配做出决定。鉴于情况的紧迫性，他们需要尽快达成共识。”第一空处需要动词形式，表示委员会正在做某事，用现在分词形式makingadecision。第二空处需要连词，表示因果关系，Inviewoftheurgencyofthesituation表示“鉴于情况的紧迫性”。12.句子意为“每位学生都被要求在学期结束时就指定的主题写一篇五页的报告。”第一空处需要动词原形，表示被要求做某事，writeafivereport。第二空处需要介词，表示在学期结束时，bytheendofthesemester。13.句子意为“如果我是你，我会为她的感受受伤而道歉。”这是一个虚拟语气句，表示与事实相反的情况。IfIwereyou，表示“如果我是你”。第二空处需要连词，表示假设的情况，ifherfeelingswerehurt。14.句子意为“看到员工在工作，经理决定自己也待得很晚以提供支持。”第一空处需要动词形式，表示看到员工在工作，用现在分词形式seeingthestaffwereworking。第二空处需要连词，表示并列关系，anddecidedtostaylatehimself。15.句子意为“直到她到达，我们才会就项目的方向进行简短讨论。”第一空处需要动词形式，表示到达，用一般现在时Untilshearrives。第二空处需要连词，表示时间状语从句，Untilshearrives。16.句子意为“学生和老师都不满意演示的质量。”这是一个否定句，当neither...nor...连接两个主语时，谓语动词用单数形式，issatisfied。17.句子意为“这本书，出版于去年，已经成为畅销书。”第一空处需要关系代词，指代书，whosewaspublishedlastyear。18.句子意为“警察到达时，小偷已经从现场逃走了。”这是一个过去完成时态的句子，表示先于另一个过去动作发生的事情，hadescapedfromthescene。19.句子意为“她不仅才华横溢，而且工作努力；这些品质促成了她的成功。”这是一个notonly...butalso...的结构，连接两个并列的成分，主谓需要倒装，isnotonlytalentedbutisalsohardworking。20.句子意为“过去五年，公司的利润显著增长，表明增长强劲。”这是一个现在完成时态的句子，表示从过去开始一直持续到现在的动作，hasincreasedsignificantlyoverthepastfiveyears。PartIIIReadingComprehension21.Themainideaofthepassageisthatsustainabilityisgainingtractionduetoenvironmentalconcernsandtheneedforlong-termresourcemanagement,despitecriticismsaboutitspotentialeconomicimpact.22.Proponentsarguethatsustainablepracticesareessentialforthewell-beingoffuturegenerationsandpreservingecosystems,whilecriticscontendthatsuchmeasurescouldhindereconomicdevelopmentandimposeburdensonbusinesses.23.Theauthorsuggeststhatthemomentumtowardssustainabilityisunstoppable,withincreasingadoptionofeco-friendlypracticesbygovernments,organizations,andindividuals.解析思路：21.文章首段提出可持续发展的概念正日益受到关注，第二段分别阐述了支持者和批评者的观点，第三段总结指出可持续发展势头不可逆转。主旨是可持续发展因环境问题和长期资源管理需求而受到关注，尽管存在对其经济影响的批评。22.第一段提到支持者认为可持续发展对子孙后代福祉和生态系统保护至关重要。第二段提到批评者认为这些措施可能会阻碍经济发展并对企业造成负担。分别对应支持者和批评者的主要论点。23.第三段最后一句"Despitethesechallenges,themomentumtowardssustainabilityseemstobeunstoppable,withgovernments,organizations,andindividualsincreasinglyadoptingeco-friendlypractices."指出尽管存在挑战，可持续发展的势头似乎是unstoppable（不可阻挡的），政府和组织以及个人越来越多地采用环保实践。作者暗示可持续发展是不可避免的。Passage224.Theprimaryfocusofthepassageisthedualnatureofartificialintelligence(AI),encompassingbothitspotentialbenefitsandethicalconcerns.25.Potentialbenefitsincludeautomation,improvedefficiency,andinnovationacrossvariousindustries,whiledrawbacksinvolveprivacyissues,jobdisplacement,andthepotentialformisuse.26.TheauthorimpliesthatsocietyhasacrucialroleinguidingthedevelopmentanddeploymentofAIthroughthoughtfuldiscussionsandestablishingethicalguidelines.解析思路：24.文章首段提出AI引发兴奋和担忧，第二段分别论述了AI的潜在益处和缺点。文章围绕AI的两面性展开，即其潜力和风险。主要关注点是AI的双重性质，包括其潜在益处和伦理问题。25.第一段提到AI的潜在益处，如自动化、提高效率和创新。第二段提到AI的潜在缺点，如隐私问题、失业和被滥用的风险。分别对应AI的潜在益处和缺点。26.第二段最后一句"AsAIsystemsbecomemoresophisticated,itiscrucialforsocietytoengageinthoughtfuldiscussionsandestablishguidelinestoensurethatthesetechnologiesaredevelopedanddeployedresponsibly."指出随着AI系统变得更加复杂，社会有至关重要的作用通过深思熟虑的讨论和建立指导方针，以确保这些技术得到负责任的发展和部署。作者暗示社会在AI的发展中扮演着重要的引导角色。Passage327.Themaintopicofthepassageistheimpactofthedigitalrevolutiononinformationaccessandconsumption,highlightingbothitsbenefitsandchallenges.28.Positiveaspectsincludedemocratizingknowledgeandenablingglobalconnectivity,whilenegativeaspectsinvolvemisinformation,filterbubbles,andthedigitaldivide.29.Theauthorsuggeststhatkeyissuesinthedigitalageincludeaddressingmisinformation,bridgingthedigitaldivide,andensuringequitableaccesstothebenefitsofthedigitalrevolution.解析思路：27.文章首段谈论数字革命如何改变我们获取和消费信息的方式。第二段谈论互联网的积极和消极影响。第三段谈论数字鸿沟问题。文章围绕数字革命对信息获取和消费的影响展开，强调其益处和挑战。主要话题是数字革命对信息获取和消费的影响。28.第一段提到数字革命的积极方面，如使知识民主化，实现全球互联。第二段提到消极方面，如虚假信息、过滤气泡和数字鸿沟。分别对应数字革命的积极和消极方面。29.第二段提到需要解决虚假信息问题。第三段提到数字鸿沟问题，以及确保数字革命的红利得到公平分享。作者暗示数字时代的关键问题包括解决虚假信息、弥合数字鸿沟，并确保数字革命的红利得到公平分享。PartIVCloze30.persistent31.facilitate32.navigate33.mitigate34.diverse35.access解析思路：36.句子意为“全球商业环境日益复杂，公司需要