兰州职业技术学院单招《英语》能力提升B卷题库【考点梳理】附答案详解

兰州职业技术学院单招《英语》能力提升B卷题库考试时间：90分钟；命题人：教研组考生注意：1、本卷分第I卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分，满分100分，考试时间90分钟2、答卷前，考生务必用0.5毫米黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、班级填写在试卷规定位置上3、答案必须写在试卷各个题目指定区域内相应的位置，如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用涂改液、胶带纸、修正带，不按以上要求作答的答案无效。第I卷（选择题60分）一、单选题（20小题，每小题3分，共计60分）1、LeiFengoncesaidservingthepeoplewhole-heartedly（）hisgreatpleasure.A.beingB.tobeC.wasD.were答案:C解析:这道题考查主谓一致。雷锋说的“全心全意为人民服务是他极大的快乐”，整句话作一个陈述，主语是“servingthepeoplewhole-heartedly”，是动名词短语作主语，谓语动词要用单数形式。A选项“being”是现在分词，B选项“tobe”表目的或将来，D选项“were”是复数形式，均不符合。所以答案是C选项“was”。2、Smokingisnotgood______youbecauseitcanaffectyourhealth.A.forB.atC.toD.on答案:A解析:这道题考查固定短语的用法。“begoodfor”表示“对......有好处”，是常见的英语短语。吸烟会影响健康，所以吸烟对你没好处。在这四个选项中，A选项“for”能准确表达“吸烟对你不好”的意思，B、C、D选项与“good”搭配均不符合此语境。综上所述，答案选A。3、—Isourplaygroundstilloverthere?-No,alargelibrary（）onittwoyearsago.A.isbuiltB.wasbuiltC.builtD.building答案:B解析:这道题考查被动语态。在英语中，当主语是动作的承受者时要用被动语态。两年前建图书馆，动作发生在过去，所以用一般过去时的被动语态。A选项是一般现在时的被动语态，不符合时间；C选项是主动语态；D选项是非谓语形式。根据时间和语态，答案选B，wasbuilt表示“被建造”。4、Iwaswalkinginthestreetwhenapieceofbeautifulmusiccametomyears.Isawsomeone（1）somerubbishandwalktoatruckwhichwascollectingrubbish（2）.Assoonasthepeoplenearbyhearthemusic,they（3）gooutwiththeirrubbishandthrowitin.It'sa（4）waytohelpkeepourcityclean.Protectingourenvironmentisveryimportant（5）youlive,youcandosomethingusefulinoraroundyourneighborhood.（6）,wehavedonesomethingtoimprovetheenvironment.Forexample,wehavecollected（7）paperorbottlesforrecyclingandwehaveplanted（8）treesorflowersinornearourneighborhood.If（9）makesacontributiontoprotectingtheenvironment,theworldwillbecomemuchmore（10）.

第(1)选（）A.pickingupB.pickupC.throwingD.throw答案:B解析:根据句子结构和语境，空格处需要填入一个动词短语，与“somerubbish”搭配，表示某人在街上正在进行的动作。选项A“pickingup”是现在分词形式，通常用于进行时态中作为谓语的一部分，但此处需要的是一个动词短语作谓语，故A项不合适。选项B“pickup”是动词短语原形，意为“捡起”，符合句子描述的情境，即某人正在捡起垃圾并走向垃圾车。选项C“throwing”和D“throw”分别表示“扔”的现在分词和原形，与句子描述的捡起垃圾的动作相反，故排除。因此，正确答案是B。5、Inchoosingafriend,oneshouldbeverycareful.Agoodfriendcanhelpyoustudy.Youcanhavefuntogetherandmakeeachotherhappy.Sometimesyouwillmeetfairweatherfriends，Theywillbewithyouaslongasyouhavemoneyorluck，butwhenyouaredown,theywillrunaway.HowdoIknowwhenIhavefoundagoodfriend?Ilookforcertainqualitiesofcharacter,especiallyunderstanding,honestyandreliability.

Aboveallelse,Ilookforunderstandinginafriend.Agoodfriendtriestounderstandhowanotherpersonisfeeling.Heisnotquicktojudge.Instead,hetriestolearnfromothers.Heputshimselfintheotherperson'splace,andhetriestothinkofwaystobehelpful.Heisalsoagoodlistener.

Atthesametime,however,agoodfriendishonest.Hedoesnotlookforfaultsinothers.Henoticestheirgoodpoints.Inshort,afriendwilltrytounderstandmeandacceptme.

Anotherqualityofafriendisreliability.Icanalwaysdependonagoodfriend.Ifthetellsmehewillmeetmesomewhereatacertaintime,Icanbesurethathewillbethere.IfIneedafavor,hewilldohisbesttohelpme.IfIamintrouble,hewillnotrunawayfromme.

Thereisafourthqualitythatmakesafriendspecial.Aspecialfriendissomeonewithwhomwecanhavefun.Weshouldenjoyourlives,andwewouldenjoyourfriendship.ThatiswhyIespeciallylikefriendswhoarefuntobewith.AgoodfriendlikesthesamethingsIlike.Weshareexperienceandlearnfromeachother.Agoodfriendhasagoodsenseofhumor,too.Helikestolaughwithme.Thatishowweshareinthejoyofbeingfriends.AndIknowthatheislookingforthesamequalityinme.

WhenImeetsomeonewhoisreliable,honest,andunderstanding,IknowI've

foundafriend!

Good

friends

need

to

___.A.always

point

out

each

other'smistakesB.be

helped

with

moneyC.understand

each

other's

feelingsD.have

money

or

luck答案:C解析:根据文章内容，作者强调了选择朋友时应注重的某些品质，特别是理解、诚实和可靠。其中，作者特别提到，最重要的是朋友之间的理解。一个好的朋友会尝试理解另一个人的感受，不急于评判，而是设身处地为他人着想，并努力提供帮助。这表明，好朋友之间需要相互理解对方的感受，这是建立友谊的关键。因此，选项C“understandeachother'sfeelings”是正确的。6、Aftersearchingforonemonth,hefinallymanaged（）anapartmentnearhisoffice.A.findingB.foundC.tofindD.find答案:C解析:这道题考查manage的用法。manage后接动词时，要用动词不定式形式，即managetodosth.，意思是“设法做成某事”。A选项finding是动名词形式；B选项found是过去式；D选项find是动词原形。所以这道题应选C，tofind。7、Americaisamobilesociety.FriendshipsbetweenAmericanscanbecloseandreal,yetdisappearsoonifsituationschange.Neithersidefeelshurtbythis.BothmayexchangeChristmasgreetingsforayearortwo,perhapsafewlettersforawhile—thennomore.Ifthesametwopeoplemeetagainbychance,evenyearslater,theypickupthefriendship.

ThiscanbequitedifficultforusChinesetounderstand,becausefriendshipsbetweenusflowermoreslowlybutthenmaybecomelifelongfeelings，extending(延伸)sometimesdeeplyintobothfamilies.

Americansarereadytoreceiveusforeignersattheirhomes,sharetheirholidays,andtheirhomelife.Theywillenjoywelcomingusandbepleasedifweaccepttheirhospitality(好客)easily.

AnotherdifficultpointforusChinesetounderstandAmericansisthatalthoughtheyincludeuswarmlyintheirpersonaleverydaylives,theydon'tshowtheirpolitenesstousifitrequiresagreatdealoftime.Thisisusuallytheoppositeofthepracticeinourcountrywherewemaybegenerouswithourtime.Sometimes,we,ashosts,willappearatairportseveninthemiddleofthenighttomeetafriend.Wemaytakedaysofftoactasguidestoourforeignfriends.TheAmericans,however,expresstheirwelcomeusuallyathomes,buttrulycannotmanagethetimetodoagreatdealwithavisitoroutsidetheirdailyroutine.Theywillprobablyexpectustogetourselvesfromtheairporttoourownhotelbybus.Andtheyexpectthatwewillphonethemfromthere.Oncewearriveattheirhomes,thewelcomewillbefull,warmandreal.Wewillfindourselvestreatedhospitably.

FortheAmericans,itisoftenconsideredmorefriendlytoinviteafriendtotheirhomesthantogotorestaurants,exceptforpurelybusinessmatters,Soaccepttheirhospitalityathome!

A

suitable

title

for

this

passage

would

probably

be“____.A.Friendships

between

ChineseB.Friendships

between

AmericansC.Americans'hospitalityD.Americans’andChinese'sviewsoffriendships答案:D解析:文章不仅描述了美国人的友谊观，即友谊可以随着情境的变化而快速建立或消失，还对比了美国人与中国人在友谊和待客之道上的差异。文章强调了美国人在家中待客的友好性，但同时也指出他们在日常生活之外对访客的时间投入有限。因此，文章的核心内容不仅涉及美国人的好客（hospitality），还深入对比了中美两国在友谊观念上的不同。选项D“Americans’andChinese'sviewsoffriend（美国人和中国人对友谊的看法）”更全面地概括了文章的主旨。8、Thereare（alotof）peopleintheshop.可以替换“（）”中的词的是（）A.manyB.muchC.fewD.little答案:A解析:这道题考查对表示数量的词汇的理解。“alotof”意为“许多”，既可修饰可数名词，也可修饰不可数名词。A选项“many”只能修饰可数名词复数，意思是“许多”；B选项“much”只能修饰不可数名词；C选项“few”表示“几乎没有”，修饰可数名词；D选项“little”表示“几乎没有”，修饰不可数名词。“people”是可数名词复数，所以能替换“alotof”的是A选项“many”。9、Weallknowthetruth（）theearthgoesroundthesun.A.whyB.howC.whenD.that答案:D解析:这道题考查同位语从句的知识。同位语从句用于解释说明先行词的具体内容。在“Weallknowthetruth（）theearthgoesroundthesun.”这个句子中，“theearthgoesroundthesun”是对“truth”的解释说明，这种情况要用“that”引导同位语从句。A选项“why”表原因，B选项“how”表方式，C选项“when”表时间，均不符合题意，所以答案选D。10、Don'tforget（）hercleanwatereveryday.A.togiveB.givingC.givenD.give答案:A解析:这道题考查“forget”的用法。“forgettodosth.”表示“忘记去做某事”，“forgetdoingsth.”表示“忘记做过某事”。在本题中，“Don'tforget（）hercleanwatereveryday.”意思是“别忘了每天给她干净的水”，是还未做的事，所以用“togive”，A选项符合。11、Isyourmothergoodat________dumplings．A.makeB.makesC.makingD.tomake答案:C解析:这道题考查“begoodat”的用法，“begoodat”后接动词的-ing形式。在英语语法中，“make”的-ing形式是“making”。A选项是动词原形，B选项是第三人称单数形式，D选项“tomake”是动词不定式，均不符合“begoodat”的用法，所以答案选C。12、Manyagirl（）interestedinlearningEnglishsongs.A.hasB.havebeenC.areD.is答案:D解析:这道题考查“manya+单数名词”作主语时的谓语动词形式。在英语语法中，“manya+单数名词”虽表示复数概念，但谓语动词要用单数形式。A选项has通常用于现在完成时，不符合此处语境；B选项havebeen是复数形式且时态不对；C选项are是复数形式；D选项is是单数形式，符合“manyagirl”作主语的语法规则。13、—___isyouryoungersister?

—Sheis16yearsold.A.HowmuchB.HowmanyC.HowsoonD.Howold答案:D解析:这道题考查特殊疑问词的用法。Howmuch用于询问价格或不可数名词的数量；Howmany询问可数名词的数量；Howsoon询问多久之后；Howold询问年龄。根据回答“Sheis16yearsold.”可知是在询问年龄，所以应选D选项Howold。14、BuddyisbeinglookedonasaheroonFridayafter（1）hisowner'slifeby（2）thesleepingman（3）afire.ThecatgavesomeofhisownninelivestohisownerwhenafirestartedintheirhouseinTorontoonThursday.Thecat（4）onthemanandmoved（5）enoughtowakehimup.The75-year-oldman,wholiveswithBuddy,isbeingtreatedin（6）forburnstohisfaceandhands.“He's（7）ahero.（8）hehadn'twokenhimup,hecouldhave（9）thatfire,”saidKellyHand,whohasbeenlookingafterBuddyataTorontoanimalhospital.“Thisis（10）foreat.Itwouldbemorelikelythatadogwoulddo（11）likethis.Buddy（12）theanimalhospital（13）singedfurand（14）inblacksoot.Heisnowtakingsome（15）andwillbewellsoon,”saidHand.

第(3)选（）A.beforeB.afterC.duringD.until答案:C解析:这道题考查介词的用法。“during”有“在……期间”的意思。根据语境，火灾是在猫主人睡觉期间发生的，“during”能准确表达这个时间段。A选项“before”表示在……之前；B选项“after”表示在……之后；D选项“until”表示直到。综合语境，C选项“during”最符合，所以选C。15、Shetoldmethatthecommittee（）intofourgroups.A.wasdividedB.weredividedC.hasdividedD.bedivided答案:B解析:这道题考查主谓一致和被动语态。committee作为集合名词，在强调个体成员时谓语动词用复数。这里表示“被分成”要用被动语态，A选项was是单数形式不符合；C选项hasdivided是主动语态且时态不对；D选项bedivided形式错误。所以答案选B，weredivided符合主谓一致和被动语态的要求。16、Afterthreedays'carefultreatment,theoldmanwas（）togohome.A.enoughgoodB.goodenoughC.wellenoughD.enoughwell答案:C解析:这道题考查形容词和副词的用法。在英语中，形容身体状况好用well不用good。enough修饰形容词或副词时要后置。经过三天的精心治疗，老人身体状况足够好能回家了，形容身体“好”用well，所以选C。17、Agoodwaytoget（）foranexamis（）fulluseofyourtime.A.ready;madeB.set;makeC.prepared;tomakeD.prepare;make答案:C解析:这道题考查固定搭配。“getpreparedfor”是“为……做准备”的常用表达。“awaytodosth.”表示“做某事的方法”，要用动词不定式，所以是“tomake”。A选项“made”形式错误；B选项“set”与“for”搭配不当；D选项“prepare”形式错误。综上，答案选C。18、Americaisamobilesociety.FriendshipsbetweenAmericanscanbecloseandreal,yetdisappearsoonifsituationschange.Neithersidefeelshurtbythis.BothmayexchangeChristmasgreetingsforayearortwo,perhapsafewlettersforawhile—thennomore.Ifthesametwopeoplemeetagainbychance,evenyearslater,theypickupthefriendship.

ThiscanbequitedifficultforusChinesetounderstand,becausefriendshipsbetweenusflowermoreslowlybutthenmaybecomelifelongfeelings，extending(延伸)sometimesdeeplyintobothfamilies.

Americansarereadytoreceiveusforeignersattheirhomes,sharetheirholidays,andtheirhomelife.Theywillenjoywelcomingusandbepleasedifweaccepttheirhospitality(好客)easily.

AnotherdifficultpointforusChinesetounderstandAmericansisthatalthoughtheyincludeuswarmlyintheirpersonaleverydaylives,theydon'tshowtheirpolitenesstousifitrequiresagreatdealoftime.Thisisusuallytheoppositeofthepracticeinourcountrywherewemaybegenerouswithourtime.Sometimes,we,ashosts,willappearatairportseveninthemiddleofthenighttomeetafriend.Wemaytakedaysofftoactasguidestoourforeignfriends.TheAmericans,however,expresstheirwelcomeusuallyathomes,buttrulycannotmanagethetimetodoagreatdealwithavisitoroutsidetheirdailyroutine.Theywillprobablyexpectustogetourselvesfromtheairporttoourownhotelbybus.Andtheyexpectthatwewillphonethemfromthere.Oncewearriveattheirhomes,thewelcomewillbefull,warmandreal.Wewillfindourselvestreatedhospitably.

FortheAmericans,itisoftenconsideredmorefriendlytoinviteafriendtotheirhomesthantogotorestaurants,exceptforpurelybusinessmatters,Soaccepttheirhospitalityathome!

The

underlined

words“generous

with

our

time”in

Paragraph

3

probablymean

__A.strict

with

timeB.serious

with

timeC.careful

with

timeD.willing

to

spend

time答案:D解析:在第三段中，“generouswithourtime”这个短语的意思是愿意花费时间。从后文的例子可以看出，作者提到作为主人，有时会在半夜出现在机场迎接朋友，或者会请假为外国朋友当向导，这些都是愿意为朋友花费时间的表现，因此选项D“willingtospendtime”符合语境。19、Wewereall（）favorofthisplanafterwediscussedforabouttwohours.A.atB.inC.toD.on答案:B解析:这道题考查固定短语搭配。“infavorof”是“支持，赞成”的意思。在英语中，常用的表达“支持”的短语就是“infavorof”。经过两个小时的讨论后，“我们都支持这个计划”，这里需要一个表示“支持”的短语，A、C、D选项与“favorof”搭配不当，所以应选B选项“in”。20、I（）abighouseformyfamilyifI（）alotofmoney.A.wouldbuy;haveB.wouldbuy;hadC.willbuy;hadD.willbuy;willhave答案:B解析:这道题考查虚拟语气的用法。在虚拟语气中，表示与现在事实相反，从句用一般过去时，主句用“would+动词原形”。题中“ifI（had）alotofmoney”是与现在事实相反的假设，所以主句用“wouldbuy”。A选项时态搭配错误，C、D选项不符合虚拟语气的规则。综上所述，答案选B。第Ⅱ卷（非选择题40分）二、填空题（10小题，每小题3分，共计30分）1、Therearealotofinterestingplaces_____inYangzhou.A.visitsB.visitingC.visitD.tovisit答案:D解析:本题考查动词不定式的用法。句子中“therearealotofinterestingplaces”表示“有很多有趣的地方”，后面接动词不定式“tovisit”作后置定语，修饰“places”，表示“可以参观的地方”。动词不定式可以表示目的或意图，在此句中恰好符合语境。选项A是第三人称单数形式，不符合；选项B是现在分词形式，通常用于进行时态或作名词，不适合此处；选项C是动词原形，不能直接作后置定语修饰名词。2、Mr.Clarkelivesatthefootofthemountain.Hekeepstheforestforarichfarmerthere.Theonlyroadtotheforestisjustinfrontofhishouse.Hecaneasilyseethepeoplewhowanttoentertheforest.Sometimeshehastobeondutyatnight.Whenhehearssomesound,hehastogetuptoseeifsomeonecutsthetrees.

Oneday,heboughtsomethinginthetown.Hefoundastrongdogandboughtit.Helovesitverymuchandoftengivessomemeatorbreadtoit.Andwhenastrangemanwalksclosetohis

house,itbarks(吠)loudly.Sohecansoonknowaboutitandgoesouttofindoutwhoitis.Butlastweek,somethingwaswrongwithMr.Clarke.Hedidn'tfeelwellandcouldn'tfallasleepintheevening.Hehadtogotoahospitalinthetown.Thedoctorlookedhimoverandthenasked,“Haveyougotadog,sir?”

“Yes,Ihavegotone.”

“Youhavegotaskindisease(皮肤病),”saidthedoctor.“Iamsureyourdoginfected(传染)ittoyou.Youcan'tcomeintouchwithitanylonger.”

Whenhecameoutofthehospital,hemetafriendandtoldhimaboutit.Themanasked,“Whatareyougoingtodo,tosellyourdogortogiveittoanotherman?”

“Neither,"answeredMr.Clarke,“Ihavedecidedtoseeanotherdoctor.It'smucheasiertofindadoctorthantobuyagooddog!”

Mr.Clarkelivesatthefootofthemountainbecause________A.it'sveryquietthereB.hehasafarmthereC.hisworkistokeeptheforestD.hecanenjoyhimselfthere答案:C解析:根据文章内容，Mr.Clarke住在山脚下是因为他的工作是为一位富有的农民看护森林。文中明确提到“Hekeepstheforestforarichfarmerthere.”，这与选项C“他的工作是看护森林”相符。其他选项如A“那里很安静”、B“他在那里有农场”和D“他可以在那里享受自己”在文中均未提及，因此不是正确答案。3、[未知题型(5)]单句改错。A(One)canB(never)learnC(a)foreignlanguagewithoutD(use)it．答案:D，using4、[未知题型(5)]Youmustremember（）(close)thewindowwhenyouleave．答案:toclose5、[未知题型(5)]单句改错。HeA(asked)meB(if)IC(am)goingtoBeijingD(on)business．答案:C，was6、[未知题型(5)]（改写句子，句意不变，每空只填一个词）“CantheChineseMen'sFootballTeambeattheKoreanFootballTeam?”hisfriendsaskedhim．Hisfriendsaskedhim（）theChineseMen'sFootballTeam（）thematch（）theKoreanFootballTeam．答案:if/whether;coouldwin;against7、Mr.Hope,thecleaneratourschool,walkswithalimp(跛脚).Watchinghimwalkslowlyaroundourschool,Ioftenwonderedwhyhelimped.

OnedayIsawtwoboyslaughingatMr.Hope.Theheadmasterwasvery_____(11)_____.Hetookallofustohisofficeandshowedusapictureofayoungmanstandingbyalong,thinboat.“ThisisMr.Hopewhenhewas_____(12)_____,”saidtheheadmaster.

Inthe1968Olympics,Mr.Hopehadracedtothefinalround.Hisonlyrealcompetitorwasanotherracer,Jack.Therace_____(13)_____.Otherboatsweresoonfar_____(14)_____Mr.HopeandJack.Mr.HopeandJackwereracingneckandnecktowardthefinishingline.

Theracewasgoingwellwhen_____(15)_____,Mr.Hopeheardahugesound.HelookedaroundandsawthatJack'sboatwas_____(16)_____inthewaterfast.Jackwasunabletomove.Hewasin_____(17)_____

Theotherboatswerealongwayback,andMr.Hopewastheonlyonewhocouldhelp.Withoutstoppingto_____(18)_____,hejumpedintothewaterandtriedtosaveJack.

Theotherboats_____(19)_____themontheirwaytothefinishingline,leavingthetwomen_____(20)_____inthewater.JackwasfinallysavedbutMr.Hope's_____(21)_____wasbadlycutbythebrokenwood.

Mr.Hopedidn'tfinishtherace.He_____(22)_____gotagoldmedal(金牌)attheOlympics.Hisbodywasnotthesameaftertherace,_____(23)_____hewasalwayslimpedsincethen.

Astheystoodtherelistening,boththeboysfeltsorry_____(24)_____themselves.Weall_____(25)_____thatMr.Hopewasahero.HeisanOlympicchampionforever.

根据短文内容，在A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳答案填入文中(13)处。（）A.StartedB.continuedC.StoppedD.changed答案:A解析:根据短文内容，Mr.Hope在1968年奥运会上参加了划船比赛。在描述比赛进行时，需要用到表示开始的动词。文中提到“Otherboatsweresoonfar(14)Mr.HopeandJack”，意味着其他船只很快超过了Mr.Hope和Jack，这暗示了比赛已经开始并且正在进行中。因此，在文中的(13)处，应该填入表示比赛开始的动词，即“Started”。选项A“Started”符合文意，表示比赛开始了。8、[未知题型(5)]单句改错。ThefarmersA(hadworked)B(tenhours),C(so)theystoppedD(havingarest)．答案:D，tohave9、Mr.Clarkelivesatthefootofthemountain.Hekeepstheforestforarichfarmerthere.Theonlyroadtotheforestisjustinfrontofhishouse.Hecaneasilyseethepeoplewhowanttoentertheforest.Sometimeshehastobeondutyatnight.Whenhehearssomesound,hehastogetuptoseeifsomeonecutsthetrees.

Oneday,heboughtsomethinginthetown.Hefoundastrongdogandboughtit.Helovesitverymuchandoftengivessomemeatorbreadtoit.Andwhenastrangemanwalksclosetohis

house,itbarks(吠)loudly.Sohecansoonknowaboutitandgoesouttofindoutwhoitis.Butlastweek,somethingwaswrongwithMr.Clarke.Hedidn'tfeelwellandcouldn'tfallasleepintheevening.Hehadtogotoahospitalinthetown.Thedoctorlookedhimoverandt