【英语】高三英语阅读理解题20套(带答案)含解析

【英语】高三英语阅读理解题20套(带答案)含解析一、高中英语阅读理解1．阅读理解

TheannualWorldEconomicForum(经济论坛)tookplaceinDavos,Switzerland,inJan23-26,2018.WhatdidChineseentrepreneurs(企业家)speakintheforum?Aretheresomequotablequotesforyou?

JackMa,founderandexecutivechairmanofAlibabaGroup

“Ithinkglobalizationcannotbestopped---noonecanstopglobalization,noonecanstoptrade.Iftradestops,theworldstops.Tradeisthewaytodissolvethewarnotcausethewar,”saidMainDavos,“Google,Facebook,AmazonandAlibabawearetheluckiestcompaniesofthiscentury.Butwehavetheresponsibilitytohaveagoodheart,anddosomethinggood.”

RichardLiu,founderandchiefexecutiveofficerofJD

“Businessisnotonlyawaytomakemoneybutalsoawaytocontributeyourself,tohelppeople,”LiusaidinaspeechinDavos.”Howcanwefacethefractured(分化的)world?That'sthetopicsoftheDavosthisyear.Ithinkaveryimportantthinginbusinessiscooperation.Ifwecanunite,worktogether,(if)weworkveryclosely,Ithinkwecanbringmorehopetothepeopleandwecanbuildmoretrustbetweenthepeople,countriesandcompaniesandpartners,”hesaid.

JaneSun,CEOofCtrip

“Tourismisasunriseindustry.SinceIenteredCtrip,everyyeartherearenewcomers,which,firstofall,showsthattourismisbooming.”SuntoldSinDavos.“WeinvestedheavilyinABC.AreferstoAI,Bisbigdata,andCiscloudcomputing.Aswecontinuetoexpandoverseas,thesethreewillbeverygoodweaponsforus.Sowethinkthosemeanopportunity,”shesaid.

HuXiaoming,presidentofAliyun

“In2018,peoplewillseethedevelopmentinvariouscountriesmorecloselyconnectedwithcloudcomputing.Moremanufacturingenterprisesandfinancialinstitutionswillstarttouse'cloud',andcloudcomputingwillincreasetheefficiencyoftechnologyandfinance,”HutoldXinhuainDavos.（1）WhatdoChineseentrepreneurslikeJackMaandRichardLiufocusmoreon?A.

Morehugejumpsinprofits.

B.

Thejoinedeffortsofmankind.C.

Reducingproductioncosts.

D.

Theroleofscienceinbusiness.（2）WhatisthemainbusinessofCtrip?A.

Tourism.

B.

ThecreationofAI.

C.

Computer.

D.

Financialserviceonline.（3）WhatdoesHuthinkwillpromoteglobaleconomicdevelopment?A.

Economyrecovery.

B.

TheWorldEconomicForum.C.

Cloudcomputing.

D.

Financialefficiency.【答案】（1）B（2）A（3）C【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文，文章介绍了中国企业家在达沃斯论坛上发表的一些观点。（1）推理判断题。根据JackMa中Ithinkglobalizationcannotbestopped-noonecanstopglobalization,noonecanstoptrade.和RichardLiu中Ithinkaveryimportantthinginbusinessiscooperation.Ifwecanunite,worktogether,(if)weworkveryclosely,Ithinkwecanbringmorehopetothepeopleandwecanbuildmoretrustbetweenthepeople,countriesandcompaniesandpartners.可知这两个中国企业家更关注合作和人类的共同努力，故答案选B。（2）细节推理题。根据JaneSun中Tourismisasunriseindustry.SinceIenteredCtrip,everyyeartherearenewcomers,which,firstofall,showsthattourismisbooming.可知Ctrip的主要业务是旅游业，故答案选A。（3）细节推理题。根据最后一部分In2018,peoplewillseethedevelopmentinvariouscountriesmorecloselyconnectedwithcloudcomputing.Moremanufacturingenterprisesandfinancialinstitutionswillstarttouse'cloud'.Andcloudcomputingwillincreasetheefficiencyoftechnologyandfinance可知各个国家的发展与云计算有着更紧密的联系，云计算将提高技术和金融的效率。故答案选C【点评】新闻报道类阅读理解的解题技巧1）仔细阅读导语，掌握新闻主旨：导语(即文章的第一句话或第一自然段)往往是对整篇文章的高度概括，正文部分则对导语展开叙述，因此读懂首句或首段至关重要。2）运用查读的方法明确新闻的细节：根据题干的关键词，采用查读的方法搜寻所考查的细节描述，然后与选项进行比较，最后确定答案。3）把握文章基本框架，抓住长句和难句的主干：在阅读新闻报道类文章时，首先要了解其基本框架结构，始终把重点放在文章最主要的内容上，不要被细枝末节、和主旨不相关的难句所迷惑。其次，检测的关键句常常是长句或者含有习语、难词的句子。2．阅读理解

Ifyouwanttoconvincethebossyoudeserveapayriseorpromotion,thesolutioncouldbesimple—eatthesamefoodastheydo.Psychologistshavediscoveredmanagersaremuchmorelikelytoinstantlytrustusifwechoosethesamedishesasthem.

Duringexperiments,discussionsoverwagesandworkconditionsweremuchmoresuccessfulifbothsideschosetosnackonthesametreats.AndshoppersweremuchmorelikelytobuyaproductadvertisedonTVbysomeoneeatingasimilarfoodtothematthetime.

Thereasonisthoughttobeso-calledsimilarityattractiontheory—wherepeopletendtolikeotherswhohavesimilartastesorhabitstothemselves.Butthisisbelievedtobeoneofthefirststudieshighlightingtheroleoffoodinthisrelationship.ResearchersatChicagoUniversityintheUSconductedaseriesofexperimentstoexaminefood'sroleinearningtrust.

Inatest,participantsweretoldtowatchTV—wheresomeonepretendingtobeamemberofthepublicpraisedacertainproduct.ThevolunteersweregivenKitKatbarstonibble(咬),whiletheTVpeopleateeitheraKitKatorgrapesastheytalked.

TheresultsshowedviewersweremuchmorelikelytoexpressaninterestinbuyingtheproductiftheTVshowedtheotherpersoneatingaKitKattoo.

Theresearchersadded,“Althoughsimilarityinfoodconsumptionisnotasignofwhethertwopeoplewillgetalong,wefindconsumerstreatthisassuch.Theyfeelmoretrustingofthosewhoconsumeastheydo.Itmeanspeoplecanimmediatelybegintofeelfriendshipanddevelopabond,leadingtosmoothertransactions(交易)fromthestart.”

HarleyStreetpsychologistDr.LucyAtchesonsaiditwasalreadyknownthatwearingsimilarclothescouldinstantlycreatetrust.Butthiswasthefirstreportthatfoodhadthesameeffect.Shesaid,“Thisisreallyinteresting.Itmakessenseaspeoplefeeltheyhavecommongroundandcantrusttheotherperson.Thatmeansnegotiationsaremorelikelytobesuccessful.”（1）Accordingtothepassage,customersarelikelytobuyaproductfromadealerwho______.A.

hasthesametasteasthem

B.

advertiseshisproductsonTVC.

reducesthepriceofhisproducts

D.

paysattentiontothequalityofhisproducts（2）TheexperimentsconductedbyresearchersatChicagoUniversityshowthat______.A.

foodplaysanimportantroleinearningpeople'strust

B.

bosseslikeemployeesthathavethesametasteasthemC.

peoplewhohavesimilartastestotheirboss'searnmore

D.

peoplehavelessinterestinbuyingproductsadvertisedonTV（3）Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A.

Peoplewhoeatsimilarfoodaremorelikelytotrusteachother.

B.

Peoplewillgetalongwitheachotheriftheyliketoeatsimilarthings.C.

Theeffectofwearingsimilarclotheshasn'tbeenprovedbyresearchers.

D.

Peoplearemorelikelytomakefriendswiththosewearingthesameclothesasthem.（4）Whichofthefollowingsayingscanbeanexampleofthesimilarityattractiontheory?A.

Honestyisthebestpolicy.

B.

Allgoodthingscometoanend.C.

Birdsofafeatherflocktogether.

D.

Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.【答案】（1）A（2）A（3）A（4）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了相似吸引理论在食物上也成立，芝加哥大学研究人员进行的实验表明食物对人的信任起着重要的作用。（1）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“shoppersweremuchmorelikelytobuyaproductadvertisedonTVbysomeoneeatingasimilarkindoffoodtothematthetime.”可知，顾客很可能从味道相同的经销商那里购买产品。故选A。（2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“ResearchersatChicagoUniversityintheUSconductedaseriesofexperimentstoexaminefood'sroleinearningtrust.“可知美国ChicagoUniversity研究表明食物在赢得人们的信任方面起着重要的作用。故选A。（3）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“thiswasthefirstreportthatfoodhadthesameeffect.Shesaid,‘Thisisreallyinteresting.Itmakessenseaspeoplefeeltheyhavethecommongroundandcantrusttheotherperson.Thaimeansnegotiationsaremorelikelytothesuccessful.’”可知，吃相似食物的人更容易信任对方。故选A。（4）考查推理判断。根据每条谚语的意思A.Honestyisthebestpolicy.“诚实为上策”。B.Allgoodthingscometoanend.“天下没有不散的筵席”。C.Birdsofafeatherflocktogether.“人以群分物以类聚”。D.Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.“有志者，事竟成”。可知C项符合题意。选C。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇科普类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，同时根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。3．阅读理解

Oilisessentialformodernlife.About64percentoftheworld'soilislocatedintheMiddleEast,buttheheaviestconsumersofoilareEurope,America,andJapan.Theproblemliesingettingtheoilfromthecountriesthatproduceittothecountriesthatconsumeit.Thisismainlydoneusingoiltankers.Usuallytheoilisshippedsafelyandwithnoproblems,butoccasionallythereisadisaster.

Everyyearmillionsoftonsofoilarespilledintotheocean.Althoughthisisonlyasmallpercentageofthetotalamountshippedaroundtheworldeachyear,thisspilledoilcanhaveterribleeffectsonoceanlife,includingthecoastlineswheretheoilwashesupontoshore.

OneoftheworstoilspillsinhistoryoccurredalongtheAlaskancoastlinein1989,whentheExxonValdeztankerranagroundoffthecoastofAlaska,spilling42millionlitersofoil.Althoughitwasn'tthelargestoilspill,thedisasterwasterriblebecauseitoccurredinsuchasensitivenaturalarea.Inthisspill,thetanker'scaptain,whowastiredfromoverworkanddrinkingalcohol,hadgonetotakearest.Hegavecontroloftheshiptoanothersailor,whowasunfamiliarwiththeroute.TheshipranontoBlighReef.Damagedbythereef,theshipleakedoiloutintotheocean.Morethan1,600kilometersofcoastlinewereaffectedbytheoilspill.Manybirdsandottersdiedasaresultoftheoilcoveringtheirskin,andmanyotherseacreaturesandtheanimalsthatfedonthemwerealsoseverelyaffected.（1）WhichcountryisNOTamongthelargestconsumersofoil?A.

Japan

B.

Iraq

C.

America

D.

Germany（2）Whatdoestheunderlined“them”referto?A.

Thebirds.

B.

Theotters.

C.

Theseacreatures.

D.

Thebirdsandtheotters.（3）Whichofthefollowingstatementistrue?A.

TheoilleakofAlaskaisbecausethecaptainwasunfamiliarwiththeroute.

B.

Manybirdsandottersdiedfromeatingthespilledoil.C.

Alaskaspillwasthemostseriousspillofalltime.

D.

Althoughsomeoilleakisnotserious,itwillaffectoceanlife.【答案】（1）B（2）C（3）D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一次严重的油船漏油事件。（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段可知，最大的耗油国为欧洲的国家，美国和日本。Iraq“伊拉克”不属于其中之一，故选B。（2）考查细节理解。根据第三段可知，很多以海洋生物为食的动物也都因为油船漏油而受到了影响。故选C。（3）考查推理判断。根据第三段可知，A选项的漏油事件是由于船长劳累和喝酒去休息了，另一个水手不熟悉路线而造成的。B选项不是死于吃油，而是死于羽毛被油粘住了。C选项Alaska漏油事件并非史上最严重的。故选D。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。4．阅读理解

TheAmericannewspaperhasbeenaroundforaboutthreehundredyears.In1721,theprinterJamesFranklin,Benjamin'solderbrother,startedtheNewEnglandCourant,andthatwaswhatwemightrecognizetodayasarealnewspaper.Hefilledhispaperwithstoriesofadventure,articlesonart,onfamouspeople,andonallsortsofpoliticalsubjects.

ThreecenturiesaftertheappearanceofFranklin'sCourant,fewbelievethatnewspapersintheirpresentprintedformwillremainaliveforlong,Newspapercompaniesarelosingadvertisers,readers,marketvalue,andinsomecases,theirsenseofpurposeataspeedthatwouldnothavebeenimaginablejustseveralyearsago.ThechiefeditoroftheTimessaidrecently,“Atplaceswheretheygather,editorsaskoneanother,'Howareyou?',asiftheyhavejustcomeoutofthehospitaloralostlawcase.”AnarticleaboutthenewspaperappealedonthewebsiteoftheGuardian,undertheheadline“NOTDEADYET.”

Perhapsnot,buttheriseoftheInternet,whichhasmadethedailynewspaperlookslowandoutofstepwiththeworld,hasbroughtaboutarealsenseofdeath,SomeAmericannewspapershavelost42%oftheirmarketvalueinthepastthreeyears.TheNewYorkTimesCompanyhasseenitsstock（股票）dropby54%sincetheendof2004,withmuchofthelosscominginthepastyear.AmanageratDeutscheBanksuggestedthatstock-holderssellofftheirTimesstock.TheWashingtonPostCompanyhaspreventedthetroubleonlybychangingpartofitsbusinesstoeducation;itstestingandtest—preparationservicenowbringsinatleasthalfthecompany'sincome,（1）WhatcanwelearnabouttheNewEnglandCourant?A.

Itismainlyaboutthestockmarket.

B.

Itcarriesarticlesbypoliticalleaders.C.

Itmarksthebeginningofnewspapers.

D.

ItremainsasuccessfulnewspaperinAmerica.（2）Whatcanweinferaboutthenewspapereditors?A.

Theyoftenacceptreaders'suggestions.

B.

Theycawalotabouteachother'shealth.C.

Theystopdoingbusinesswithadvertisers.

D.

Theyfacegreatdifficultiesintheirbusiness.（3）Whichofthefollowingfoundanewwayforitsdevelopment?A.

theWashingtonPost.

B.

TheGuardian.C.

TheNewYorkTinier.

D.

NewEnglandCourant.（4）Howdoestheauthorseemtofeelaboutthefutureofnewspapers”?A.

Satisfied.

B.

Hopeful.

C.

Surprised.

D.

Worried.【答案】（1）C（2）D（3）A（4）D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了美国报纸的由来，以及现在面临的挑战和做出的调整。(1)考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“theprinterJamesFranklin,Benjamin'solderbrother,startedtheNewEnglandCourant,andthatwaswhatwemightrecognizetodayasarealnewspaper.”可知，JamesFranklin创办的NewEnglandCourant就是我们今天所知的真正的报纸，也就标志着美国报业的开始，故选C。(2)考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“Newspapercompaniesarelosingadvertisers,readers,marketvalue”可知，报社正在逐渐失去广告商，读者和市场价值，以及后面编辑的话"Atplaceswheretheygather,editorsaskoneanother,'Howareyou?',asiftheyhavejustcomeoutofthehospitaloralostlawcase."，编辑们现在见面聊天的时候都会互相问候“你还好吗”仿佛刚出院或输了一场官司，其实隐含的意思就是因为报纸业的不景气，编辑们现在正面临着困难，所以这个问候应该是你们报社生意怎么样？故选D。(3)考查细节理解。根据最后一段可知，找到一种新的发展方式的是TheWashingtonPost《华盛顿邮报》。故选A。(4)考查推理判断。通读全文，作者列举了报业所面临的种种问题，可以判断作者对此很担忧。故选D。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇生活类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。5．阅读理解

Scientistshavebeenstudyinghowpeopleusemoneyforlong.Nowthey'refindingsometheoriesmayapplytoonegroupofmonkeys.

Researchersrecentlytaughtsixmonkeyshowtousemoney.Theygavethemonkeyssmallmetaldisks(圆片)thatcouldbeusedlikecashandshowedthemsomeyummyapplepieces.Themonkeyssoonfiguredoutthatiftheygaveoneofthediskstoascientist,they'dreceiveapieceofappleinreturn.

Ifyouthinkthatisallthemonkeyscanfigureout,youarewrong.Tworesearchers,JakeandAllison,actedasapplesellersintheexperiments.Themonkeysweretestedoneatatimeandhad12diskstospendineachexperiment.Jakealwaysshowedthemonkeysoneapplepiece,whileAllisonalwaysshowedtwopieces.Butthat'snotnecessarilywhattheygavethemonkeys.Thenumberofapplepiecesgivenforadiskwasdeterminedatrandom.

ExperimentOne:Allisonshowedtwopiecesofapplesbutgavebothpiecesonlyhalfthetime.Theotherhalf,shetookonepieceawayandgavethemonkeyjusttheremainingpiece.Jake,ontheotherhand,alwaysgaveexactlywhatheshowed:onepieceforeachdisk.ThemonkeyschosetotrademorewithAllison.

ExperimentTwo:Allisoncontinuedtosometimesgavetwopiecesandsometimesonepiece.Butnow,halfthetime,Jakegavetheoneapplepiecehewasshowing,andhalfthetimeheaddedabonus.Guesswhat?ThemonkeyschosetotrademorewithJake.

Inthefirstexperiment,themonkeyscorrectlyfiguredoutthatiftheytradedwithAllison,they'dendupwithmoretreats.Inthesecondone,whenamonkeyreceivedtwopiecesfromJake,itseemedlikeagain.WhenAllisongavethemonkeyonlyonepieceinsteadofthetwosheshowed,itseemedlikealoss.ThemonkeyspreferredtradingwithJakebecausethey'drathertakeachanceofseemingtowinthanseemingtolose.

Wealsosometimesmakesillybusinessdecisionsjusttoavoidthefeelingthatwe'regettingless,evenwhenwerenot.Wouldyouhavemadethesamechoices?（1）Whatconclusionmightexpertsdrawfromthefirstexperiment?A.

Themonkeysshowcertainbusinesssense.

B.

Businesstheoriescanapplytoallmonkeys.C.

Peoplearesmarterintermsoffinance.

D.

It'seasytoteachmonkeyshowtotrade.（2）Whatdoesabonusinparagraph5referto?A.

Ametaldisk.

B.

Anapplepiece.

C.

Achance.

D.

Acoin.（3）WhydidthemonkeyschoosetotrademorewithJakeinthesecondexperiment?A.

BecauseJakealwaysgavethemtwoapplepieces.

B.

BecausetheapplepiecesfromJakewereyummy.C.

Becausetheydidn'tlikethefeelingoflosing.

D.

BecausetheygetmoreapplepiecesfromJake.（4）Whatcouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.

People'sBusinessDecision:LoseorGain?

B.

Moneky'sBusinessSense:SmartorSilly?C.

ShoppingforBargain:Sameordifferent?

D.

DiskforApple:WhotoTradewith?【答案】（1）A（2）B（3）C（4）B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，科学家们通过实验来说明，“猴子的商业意识：聪明还是愚蠢？”(1)考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“ThemonkeyschosetotrademorewithAllison.”可知，专家们从第一个实验中得出的结论是“猴子表现出一定的商业意识。”故选A。(2)考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“halfthetime,Jakegavetheoneapplepiecehewasshowing,andhalfthetimeheaddedabonus.可知，abonus指代的是“一块苹果”，故选B。(3)考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“ThemonkeyspreferredtradingwithJakebecausethey'drathertakeachanceofseemingtowinthanseemingtolose.”可知，猴子在第二个实验中会选择与杰克进行更多的交易是因为他们不喜欢失去的感觉。故选C。(4)考查主旨大意。根据第二段中的“Researchersrecentlytaughtsixmonkeyshowtousemoney....Themonkeyssoonfiguredoutthatiftheygaveoneofthediskstoascientist,theydreceiveapieceofappleinreturn.”和最后一段中的“Wealsosometimesmakesillybusinessdecisionsjusttoavoidthefeelingthatwe'regettingless,evenwhenwerenot.Wouldyouhavemadethesamechoices?”可知，本文说的是，猴子的商业意识：聪明还是愚蠢？故选B。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科普类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，根据上下文进行逻辑推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。6．阅读理解

83-year-oldAntonioVicentehasspentthelastfourdecadesofhislifefightingagainstthetrend.AsBrazilianlandownerscutdownrainforeststomakeroomforprofitableplantations(种植园)andcattlegrounds,hestruggledtobringthejunglesofhischildhoodbacktolife.

"WhenIwasachild,thepeasantscutdownthetreestomakegrasslandsandcharcoal,andthewaterdriedupanddidnotcomeback,"hetoldthereporters,"Ithought:'Waterisvaluable,noonemakeswaterandthepopulationwillnotstopgrowing.Whatisgoingtohappen?Wearegoingtorunoutofwater.'"

Withonlysomedonkeysandasmallteamofhiredworkers,AntonioVicentesetaboutbringingbacktheforesttohisland.Whatstartedoutasaweekendhobbysoonbecameapermanentwayoflife,andAntoniorecallsoftenspendingwholedaysandnightsinhisyoungjungle,surroundedbyratsandfoxes,andeatingbananasandwichesforbreakfast,lunchanddinner.Overthelast40years,hehasplantedanestimated50,000treesonhis31-hectareland,whichnowmakeupasmallbutuniqueareaofrainforest,andahavenforwildlife.

Astheforestgrew,thewaterreturned,andAntoniosaysthattherearenowover20water,sourcesonhislandthatwerenolongertherewhenheboughtit.Thentheanimalsstartedmakingahomethere.Today,theforestisalivewiththesoundsofbirdsandinsectslivingthere,andmorespeciesaresettlingineveryyear.

"Therearetoucans(巨嘴鸟),allkindsofbirds,squirrels,lizards,andeventheboarsarereturning,"83-year-oldVicentesays,"Ifyouaskmewhomyfamilyare,Iwouldsayallthisrighthere,eachoneofthesethatIplantedfromaseed."（1）WhatdowelearnabouttheBrazilianpeasants?A.

Theywastedmuchwateronfarming.

B.

Theyfocusedonshort-termprofits.C.

Theycaredmuchabouttheenvironment.

D.

Theyreliedheavilyonrainforestsforaliving.（2）WhatusedtobeyoungAntonio'sbiggestconcern?A.

Overpopulation.

B.

Pollutedwater.

C.

Lossofgrasslands.

D.

Watershortage.（3）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"haven"inParagraph3probablymean?A.

Trap

B.

Disaster

C.

Shelter

D.

Balance（4）Inthelastparagraph,Antoniomainlyexpresseshis

.A.

affectionforhisforest

B.

thanksforhisfamilyC.

deeploveforrarebirds

D.

prideasasuccessfulfarmer【答案】（1）B（2）D（3）C（4）A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，83岁的安东尼奥•比森特在他生命的最后40年里一直在与这种趋势作斗争，他努力使童年的丛林恢复生机。（1）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“WhenIwasachild,thepeasantscutdownthetreestomakegrasslandsandcharcoal,andthewaterdriedupanddidnotcomeback,”---Whatisgoingtohappen?Wearegoingtorunoutofwater.'”可知Brazilian的农民关注的是短期的利益。故选B。（2）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“AntonioVicentesetaboutbringingbacktheforesttohisland.Whatstartedoutasaweekendhobbysoonbecameapermanentwayoflife”，可知年轻的Antonio最大的关注是水的短缺。故选D。（3）考查词义猜测。根据第三段中的“Overthelast40years,hehasplantedanestimated50,000treesonhis31-hectareland,whichnowmakeupasmallbutuniqueareaofrainforest,andahavenforwildlife.”在最近40年，他在31公顷土地上种植了大约50,000棵树，目前虽小但独特的热带雨林地区是野生动物的天堂。由此推知划线的意思是“遮蔽”，故选C。（4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“Therearetoucans（巨嘴鸟）,allkindsofbirds,squirrels,lizards,andeventheboarsarereturning,”83-year-oldVicentesays.“Ifyouaskmewhomyfamilyare,Iwouldsayallthisrighthere,eachoneofthesethatIplantedfromaseed.”可推知Antonio主要在表达他对森林的影响。故选A。【点评】本题考点涉及词义猜测和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，同时根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。7．阅读理解

Manypeoplehavelongdreamedofbeingabletoflyaroundassimplyasridingabicycle.Yetthesafetyandstrengthofaflyingbikewasalwaysabigproblem.Overthepast10years,developmentsintechnologyhavemovedthedreamofpersonalflyingvehiclesclosertoreality.Now,twogroupsofinventorssaysuchvehiclesmaybeavailablesoon.

TheBritishcompanyMalloyAeronauticshasdevelopedaprototype(原型)ofitsflyingbicycle.GrantStapleton,marketingsalesdirectorofMalloyAeronautics,saystheHoverbikeisabletogetinandoutofsmallspacesveryquickly."Itcanbemovedacrosscontinentsveryquicklybecauseitcanbefoldedandpacked,"headds.

Mr.Stapletonsayssafetywasthecompany'smainconcern.Hesaysthedesignerssolvedthesafetyissuebyusingoverlappingrotorstopowerthevehicle.

Thecompanyistestingafull-sizeprototypeoftheHoverbike,whichwillmostlikelybeusedfirstbythepoliceandemergencyrescueteams.

InNewZealand,MartinAircraftCompanyisalsotestingafull-sizeprototypeofitspersonalflyingdevice,calledtheJetpack.Itcanflyformorethan30minutes,upto1,000metershighandreachaspeedof74kilometersperhour.

PeterCokeristheCEOofMartinAircraftCompany.HesaidtheJetpack"isbuiltaroundsafetyfromthestart".Inhiswords,“Reliabilityisthemostimportantelementofit.Wehavesafetybuiltintotheactualstructureitself,verysimilartoaFormulaOneracingcar.

TheJetpackusesagasoline-poweredenginethatproducestwopowerfuljetstreams.Mr.Cokersaysitalsohasaparachutethatwouldbeused,ifthereshouldbeanemergency."Itstartstoworkatverylowaltitudeandactuallysavesboththeaircraftandthepilot,"headds.Mr.CokersaystheJetpackwillbereadyforsalesoon.（1）WecanlearnfromthepassagethattheHoverbike

.A.

canhardlygetinandoutofsmallspacesquickly

B.

canflyforover30minutes,uptol,000metershighC.

hasbeenusedbythepoliceandemergencyrescueteams

D.

canbetransportedquicklyafterbeingfoldedandpacked（2）PeterCokerusestheexampleofFormulaOneracingcartoshowthat

.A.

theJetpackisverysafeandreliable

B.

theengineoftheJetpackispowerfulC.

theactualstructureoftheJetpackisunique

D.

theJetpackcanreachagreatspeedandheight（3）Theunderlinedword"It"inthelastparagraphrefersto

.A.

thejetstream

B.

theengine

C.

theJetpack.

D.

theparachute（4）Whatistheauthor'smainpurposeofwritingthepassage?A.

Todescribetheproblemsofinventingflyingvehicles.

B.

Tointroducethelatestdevelopmentofflyingvehicles.C.

Toshowthedifferencesbetweentwoflyingvehicles.

D.

Toadvertisethetwopersonalflyingvehicles.【答案】（1）D（2）A（3）D（4）B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，很多人梦想可以像骑自行车一样飞。然而会飞的自行车安全性是一个问题。文章介绍了英国公司开发的一种会飞的自行车，以及其特点，比如有一些会飞的自行车带有降落伞的装置。（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“theHoverbikeisabletogetinandoutofsmallspacesveryquickly.Itcanbemovedacrosscontinentsveryquicklybecauseitcanbefoldedandpacked”,可知，Hoverbike能够很快地进出小空间。它可快速地在大陆上移动，因为它可以折叠和包装。D项说在折叠和包装后可以快速运输，故选D。（2）考查推理判断。根据第六段PeterCoker说Jetpack从一开始就围绕安全进行的，安全可靠性是最重要的因素。我们在车的现行结构中植入了安全性，非常类似于FormulaOne赛车。故选A。（3）考查词义猜测。根据最后一段中的Mr.Cokersaysitalsohasaparachute(降落伞)thatcanbeusedshouldtherebeanemergency.“Itstartstoworkatverylowaltitude….”Coker先生说Jetpack上也有降落伞，可以在紧急情况下使用。“在海拔非常低的情况下开始用它…”。可知，Jetpack上的降落伞（它）是在海拔低时才用。由此可知it指的是parachute“降落伞”

故选D。（4）考查主旨大意。根据第一段可知，许多人一直梦想能像骑自行车一样简单的飞来飞去，科技的发展让这个梦想很快实现。然而飞行自行车的安全性和强度一直是个大问题。接着下面叙述了两家研发飞行器的公司的最新的产品，新产品把安全放在首位。故选B。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和词义猜测和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇科普类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，同时根据上下文的进行逻辑推理，概括归纳，从而选出正确答案。8．阅读理解

There'sasongbythegreatJamaicansingerBobMarleycalledSoMuchTroubleInTheWorld.Marleyunderstoodthatpartofthereasonwhytherearesomanyproblemsintheworldisthelackoftolerancebetweenpeople.TheUNunderstandsthistoo–––that'swhyitmadeNov16th“InternationalDayforTolerance”.

Butfirstofall,whatistolerance?AccordingtoFrenchphilosopherVoltaire,toleranceistheconsequenceofhumanity.Weareallformedoffrailty(脆弱)anderror;letuspardoneachother'sfool–––thatisthefirstlawofnature.”

Veryoften,peopledon'trealizethatthey'reintolerant.Thisisbecauseintolerancehasalottodowithignorance.Forexample,theUN'scampaignisinpartaboutthetreatmentoffemalesbymales.Butoften,thebehaviorofmentowardwomenisintolerantbecausemendon'tputthemselvesintheshoesofwomen.

It'sworththinkingalittleaboutthewords“tolerance”and“intolerance”.Aretheythebestwordstodescribetheevilsofwhichwe'respeakinghere?Toagreetobe“tolerant”ofsomeoneisn'tnecessarilyaveryrespectfulthing.Whensomeoneistolerated,itimpliesthatthere'ssomethingwrongwiththem.

Still,whatVolta