2025年考研英语（一）阅读理解技巧精讲 阅读理解高分技巧集

2025年考研英语（一）阅读理解技巧精讲阅读理解高分技巧集考试时间：______分钟总分：______分姓名：______模拟试卷第一部分阅读理解阅读下列文章，回答问题。ATheriseoftheso-called"gigeconomy"hasbeenoneofthemostsignificanttransformationsinthelabormarketoverthepastdecade.Fueledbydigitalplatformsthatconnectserviceproviderswithconsumers,industriesrangingfromtransportationtofreelancewritinghaveincreasinglyadoptedthison-demandmodel.Proponentsarguethatitoffersunparalleledflexibility,allowingindividualstochoosetheirownhours,projects,andoften,workfromanywhere.Forbusinesses,itprovidesascalableworkforcethatcanbeeasilyadjustedtofluctuatingdemandwithouttheoverheadcostsassociatedwithtraditionalemployment.However,thegigeconomyisnotwithoutitscritics.Aprimaryconcernrevolvesaroundworkersecurityandbenefits.Unliketraditionalemployees,gigworkersaretypicallyclassifiedasindependentcontractors,whichmeanstheyoftenlackaccesstohealthinsurance,retirementplans,paidleave,andunemploymentbenefits.Thisprecariousnesscanleaveindividualsvulnerable,especiallyduringeconomicdownturnsorpersonalcrises.Moreover,thelackofastableincomestreamcanmakefinancialplanningchallenging.Thenatureofgigworkalsoraisesquestionsaboutlaborstandardsandsocialsafetynets.Asworkbecomesmoredecentralizedandproject-based,thetraditionalsystemofcollectivebargainingandemployer-sponsoredbenefitsseemslesseffective.Thisshiftcompelspolicymakerstoreconsiderhowtoprotectworkersinarapidlyevolvingeconomiclandscape.Someadvocateformodifyingthelegalclassificationofgigworkerstoprovidethemwithcertainprotections,whileotherssuggestcreatingnewsupportsystemstailoredtothenon-traditionalworkenvironment.Thedebatehighlightsthetensionbetweeneconomicefficiencyandsocialequityintheageofdigitalwork.1.Accordingtothepassage,whatarethemainadvantagesofthegigeconomyforindividuals?2.Whatistheprimaryconcernregardingworkersecurityinthegigeconomyasdescribedinthepassage?3.Theword"precariousness"inthesecondparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:4.Howdodigitalplatformsfacilitatethegigeconomy?5.Whatdoesthepassagesuggestasapotentialsolutiontotheissueofbenefitsforgigworkers?BForcenturies,citieswereoftendesignedaroundtheneedsoftransportationanddefense,withnarrowstreetsandcomplexlayoutsintendedtoimpedeenemyprogress.However,asurbanpopulationshaveexplodedinrecenttimes,adifferentsetofchallengeshasemerged,primarilyrelatedtotrafficcongestionandtheenvironmentalimpactofdenseliving.Thishasspurredareevaluationofurbanplanningprinciples,withsustainabilityandlivabilitymovingtotheforefrontofarchitecturalandcityplanningdiscourse.Oneinnovativeapproachgainingtractionisthedevelopmentof"15-minutecities."Theconcept,originatingfromurbanplanningtheory,envisionscommunitiesdesignedsothatallessentialservices—likegrocerystores,schools,parks,andhealthcarefacilities—canbeaccessedwithina15-minutewalkorbikeridefromanyresidentialarea.Proponentsarguethatthismodelreducestherelianceonprivatevehicles,therebycuttingdownonpollutionandtraffic.Italsoaimstofosterastrongersenseofcommunitybyencouragingmorelocalinteractionandmakingdailylifemoreconvenientandindependentofcarownership.Critics,however,raiseconcernsaboutthepracticalityandequityofsuchinitiatives.Implementingwidespreadchangestourbaninfrastructureisincrediblyexpensiveandpoliticallychallenging.Furthermore,therearequestionsaboutwhethersuchdense,walkableareascanbeeffectivelymaintainedandwhethertheyadequatelycatertotheneedsofallresidents,particularlythosewhorelyoncarsformobilityduetodisabilityorotherfactors.Thesuccessof15-minutecitiesseemstohingeoncarefulplanningthatbalancesaccessibility,affordability,andthepreservationofdiversetransportationoptions.6.Whathistoricalreasonmightexplainwhymanyoldcitieshavenarrowstreets?7.Accordingtothepassage,whatarethemaingoalsofthe"15-minutecity"concept?8.Whataresomeofthechallengesmentionedbycriticsregardingtheimplementationof15-minutecities?9.Theword"tackling"inthesecondparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:10.Whatdoesthepassagesuggestaboutthefutureofurbanplanning?CArtificialintelligence(AI)continuestoadvanceataremarkablepace,rapidlytransformingnumeroussectors,includingmedicine.Oneofthemostpromisingapplicationsliesindiagnosticimaging,whereAIalgorithmsshowparticularpotentialtoenhancetheaccuracyandefficiencyofdetectingdiseasessuchascancer.Thesealgorithmscanbetrainedonvastdatasetsofmedicalimages,learningtoidentifysubtlepatternsandanomaliesthatmightbeoverlookedbythehumaneye.Whilethebenefitsaresignificant,theintegrationofAIintomedicaldiagnosticsisnotwithouthurdles.Amajorchallengeconcernsdataprivacyandsecurity.Medicalimagescontainhighlysensitivepatientinformation,andensuringtheprotectionofthisdatawhileusingittotrainAImodelsisparamount.Additionally,thereareethicalconsiderationsregardingalgorithmicbias.Ifthetrainingdataisnotsufficientlydiverse,theAImightperformpoorlyforcertaindemographicgroups,potentiallyleadingtomisdiagnosisandexacerbatinghealthdisparities.AnothercriticalissuerevolvesaroundtheinterpretationandvalidationofAI-generatedresults.Currently,AIsystemsoftenfunctionas"blackboxes,"withlimitedtransparencyregardingthespecificfeaturestheyfocusonwhenmakingadiagnosis.ThislackofinterpretabilitycanmakeitdifficultforclinicianstotrustandeffectivelyutilizeAIrecommendations.Furthermore,rigorousvalidationstudiesareessentialtoconfirmthatAItoolsaretrulyimprovingdiagnosticoutcomesanddonotintroducenewerrors.CollaborationbetweenAIdevelopers,medicalprofessionals,andregulatorybodieswillbecrucialtonavigatethesecomplexchallengesandensurethatAIbecomesasafeandeffectivecomplementtohumanexpertiseinhealthcare.11.WhatisakeyadvantageofusingAIinmedicaldiagnosticimaging?12.WhatisasignificantconcernrelatedtodataprivacyinthecontextofAI-drivenmedicaldiagnostics?13.Thephrase"blackboxes"asusedinthepassagerefersto:14.WhyisinterpretabilityconsideredimportantforAIsystemsusedinmedicine?15.WhatdoesthepassagesuggestisnecessaryforthesuccessfulintegrationofAIintohealthcarediagnostics?DTheconceptof"culturalheritage"haslongbeenassociatedprimarilywithtangibleartifactssuchashistoricalbuildings,artifactsinmuseums,andancientruins.Thesephysicalremnantsarecrucialforunderstandingpastcivilizationsandpreservingasenseofhistory.However,inthecontemporaryera,thedefinitionofculturalheritageisexpandingtoincludeintangibleelementsliketraditions,languages,performingarts,andevenknowledgesystemsheldbycommunities.Thisbroaderunderstandingacknowledgesthatcultureisnotstaticbutdynamic,constantlyevolvingthroughpracticeandinteraction.Intangibleculturalheritagerepresentsthelivingtraditionsthatarepasseddownthroughgenerationsandcontinuetoshapetheidentityandsocialfabricofcommunities.Forinstance,traditionalcrafts,oralhistories,music,andfestivalsarenotmerelyrelicsofthepastbutactivecomponentsofpresent-daylife.Theyprovideasenseofbelonging,continuity,andresilienceforcommunitiesworldwide.Theinclusionofintangibleelementspresentsuniquechallengesforpreservationandtransmission.Unliketangibleartifacts,intangibleheritageisharderto"lockaway"andrequiresactiveparticipationandpracticetobemaintained.Itsvitalitydependsontheengagementoflivingpractitionersandthecontinuationofsocialcontexts.Therefore,effortstoprotectintangibleculturalheritageoftenfocusondocumentation,education,andsupportingthecommunitiesthatembodythesetraditions.Internationalframeworks,likeUNESCO'sConventionfortheSafeguardingoftheIntangibleCulturalHeritage,emphasizetheimportanceofensuringcommunities'participationandensuringthatpreservationeffortsrespecttheculturalcontextandtherightsofthecustodiansoftheheritage.16.Accordingtothepassage,whattraditionallyconstitutedculturalheritage?17.Whatisthemainreasongiveninthepassageforexpandingthedefinitionofculturalheritagetoincludeintangibleelements?18.Howdoesthepreservationofintangibleculturalheritagedifferfromthatoftangibleheritage?19.Theword"custodians"inthefinalparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:20.Whatdoesthepassagesuggestisessentialfortheeffectivesafeguardingofintangibleculturalheritage?第二部分新题型directions:Inthefollowingpassage,certainwordsareunderlined.Eachunderlinedwordisfollowedbyfourchoices.Readeachchoicecarefully,andthenclickontheonethatbestexplainstheunderlinedword.Youranswerwillberecordedwhenyouclickonthecorrespondingchoice.Therapidproliferationofdigitalcontenthasfundamentallyalteredthelandscapeofinformationconsumption.Ithasbecomeincreasinglydifficulttodiscern21qualityfromquantity.Usersareconstantlybombardedwitha22streamofinformationfromcountlesssources,makingfocusedreadinga23pursuitformany.Thisphenomenonhasledtoconcernsaboutthe24ofdeepthinkingandcriticalanalysisinsociety.Theeasewithwhichinformationcanbeaccessedandsharedhasbothpositiveandnegativeimplications.Ononehand,itdemocratizesaccesstoknowledge,allowingindividualstolearnaboutawidearrayoftopicsbeyondtraditionaleducationalchannels.Ontheotherhand,the25natureofmuchonlinecontentcancontributetosuperficialunderstandingandthespreadofmisinformation.The26toquicklyconsumebite-sizedinformationoftencomesattheexpenseof27toengagewithcomplexideasthatrequiresustainedattention.Somearguethatthisshiftnecessitatesa28approachtolearningandinformationconsumption,onethatencouragesdiscernmentand29overpassivereception.Developingskillssuchasmedialiteracyandtheabilityto30betweencredibleandunreliablesourcesis31moreimportantthanever.Ultimately,navigatingthedigitalinformationagesuccessfullyrequiresaconsciouseffortto32thenoiseandcultivatehabitsthatfosterdeepercognitiveengagement.21.A.originalB.relevantC.superiorD.accessible22.A.endlessB.organizedC.curatedD.filtered23.A.selectiveB.rewardingC.demandingD.optional24.A.declineB.enhancementC.promotionD.development25.A.unverifiedB.professionalC.structuredD.entertaining26.A.habitB.desireC.relianceD.aversion27.A.opportunityB.willingnessC.capacityD.incentive28.A.reactiveB.criticalC.passiveD.experimental29.A.reflectionB.analysisC.evaluationD.absorption30.A.identifyB.distinguishC.accessD.summarize31.A.increasinglyB.fundamentallyC.essentiallyD.consequently32.A.filterB.processC.manageD.ignore试卷答案第一部分阅读理解A1.C.flexibility,allowingindividualstochoosetheirownhours,projects,andoften,workfromanywhere*解析思路：题目问的是对个人的主要优势。定位到第一段，明确提到“Proponentsarguethatitoffersunparalleledflexibility,allowingindividualstochoosetheirownhours,projects,andoften,workfromanywhere.”（支持者认为它提供了无与伦比的灵活性，允许个人选择自己的工作时间、项目和通常可以在任何地方工作）。其中，“flexibility”（灵活性）是核心优势。2.B.Aprimaryconcernrevolvesaroundworkersecurityandbenefits.*解析思路：题目问的是关于工人安全的主要担忧。定位到第二段开头，“However,thegigeconomyisnotwithoutitscritics.Aprimaryconcernrevolvesaroundworkersecurityandbenefits.”（然而，零工经济并非没有其批评者。一个主要担忧围绕着工人安全和福利。）直接点明了主要担忧是“workersecurityandbenefits”（工人安全和福利）。3.A.insecure;uncertain*解析思路：题目要求找出“precariousness”最接近的意思。定位到第二段，“Thisprecariousnesscanleaveindividualsvulnerable,especiallyduringeconomicdownturnsorpersonalcrises.”（这种不稳定性可能会让个人变得脆弱，尤其是在经济衰退或个人危机期间）。根据语境，“precariousness”描述的是一种不稳定、不安全、脆弱的状态，因此“insecure”（不安全的）和“uncertain”（不确定的）是其核心含义。4.D.digitalplatformsfacilitatethegigeconomybyconnectingserviceproviderswithconsumers.*解析思路：题目问的是数字平台如何促进零工经济。定位到第一段，“Fueledbydigitalplatformsthatconnectserviceproviderswithconsumers,industriesrangingfromtransportationtofreelancewritinghaveincreasinglyadoptedthison-demandmodel.”（在连接服务提供者和消费者的数字平台的推动下，从运输到自由写作的行业越来越多地采用了这种按需模式）。这句话明确说明了数字平台通过“connectserviceproviderswithconsumers”（连接服务提供者和消费者）来促进零工经济。5.C.modifyingthelegalclassificationofgigworkerstoprovidethemwithcertainprotections*解析思路：题目问的是关于为零工工作者提供福利的潜在解决方案。定位到第二段最后，“Someadvocateformodifyingthelegalclassificationofgigworkerstoprovidethemwithcertainprotections,whileotherssuggestcreatingnewsupportsystemstailoredtothenon-traditionalworkenvironment.”（一些人提倡修改零工工作者的法律分类，以向他们提供某些保护，而另一些人则建议创建适合非传统工作环境的新支持系统）。其中，“modifyingthelegalclassificationofgigworkerstoprovidethemwithcertainprotections”（修改零工工作者的法律分类以向他们提供某些保护）是一种明确提出的解决方案。B6.A.transportationanddefense,withnarrowstreetsandcomplexlayoutsintendedtoimpedeenemyprogress*解析思路：题目问的是为什么许多老城市街道狭窄。定位到第一段，“Theriseoftheso-called'gigeconomy'hasbeenoneofthemostsignificanttransformations...Theconcept...datesbacktowhencitiesweredesignedaroundtheneedsoftransportationanddefense,withnarrowstreetsandcomplexlayoutsintendedtoimpedeenemyprogress.”（…这个概念可以追溯到城市是根据交通和防御的需求设计的时期，街道狭窄，布局复杂，旨在阻碍敌人前进）。明确说明了历史原因是为了“transportationanddefense”（交通和防御），“impedeenemyprogress”（阻碍敌人进步）。7.B.reducestherelianceonprivatevehicles,therebycuttingdownonpollutionandtraffic;fostersastrongersenseofcommunitybyencouragingmorelocalinteraction*解析思路：题目问的是“15-minutecity”概念的主要目标。定位到第二段，“Proponentsarguethatthismodelreducestherelianceonprivatevehicles,therebycuttingdownonpollutionandtraffic.Italsoaimstofosterastrongersenseofcommunitybyencouragingmorelocalinteraction.”（支持者认为该模式减少了对外部车辆的依赖，从而减少了污染和交通。它还有助于通过鼓励更多本地互动来培养更强的社区意识）。概括起来就是减少对私家车的依赖（减少污染和交通）和培养更强的社区感（通过鼓励本地互动）。8.D.Implementingwidespreadchangestourbaninfrastructureisincrediblyexpensiveandpoliticallychallenging;whethertheyadequatelycatertotheneedsofallresidents,particularlythosewhorelyoncarsformobility*解析思路：题目问的是批评者提到的实施“15-minutecity”的挑战。定位到第三段，“Critics,however,raiseconcernsaboutthepracticalityandequityofsuchinitiatives.Implementingwidespreadchangestourbaninfrastructureisincrediblyexpensiveandpoliticallychallenging.”（然而，批评者对这类计划的实用性和公平性提出了担忧。对城市基础设施进行广泛改变既非常昂贵又具有政治挑战性）。以及“whethertheyadequatelycatertotheneedsofallresidents,particularlythosewhorelyoncarsformobilityduetodisabilityorotherfactors.”（它们是否能充分满足所有居民的需求，特别是那些由于残疾或其他因素而依赖汽车出行的人）。概括起来是成本和挑战以及是否满足所有居民（特别是依赖汽车的人）的需求。9.A.addressing;tackling*解析思路：题目要求找出“tackling”最接近的意思。定位到第二段，“Asworkbecomesmoredecentralizedandproject-based,thetraditionalsystemofcollectivebargainingandemployer-sponsoredbenefitsseemslesseffective.Thisshiftcompelspolicymakerstoreconsiderhowtotackletheissueoflaborstandardsandsocialsafetynets.”（随着工作变得更加分散和基于项目，传统的集体谈判和雇主赞助的福利体系似乎效率较低。这种转变迫使政策制定者重新考虑如何解决劳动标准和社会安全网的问题）。根据语境，“tackletheissue”（解决问题）是核心含义。10.A.Sustainabilityandlivabilitymovingtotheforefrontofarchitecturalandcityplanningdiscourse*解析思路：题目问的是关于城市规划的未来。通读全文，特别是第一段提到“asurbanpopulationshaveexplodedinrecenttimes,adifferentsetofchallengeshasemerged,primarilyrelatedtotrafficcongestionandtheenvironmentalimpactofdenseliving.Thishasspurredareevaluationofurbanplanningprinciples,withsustainabilityandlivabilitymovingtotheforefrontofarchitecturalandcityplanningdiscourse.”（随着近年来城市人口的激增，一系列不同的挑战出现了，主要与交通拥堵和密集居住的环境影响有关。这促使人们对城市规划原则进行了重新评估，可持续性和宜居性已成为建筑和城市规划话语的前沿）。以及最后一段关于AI、15-minutecities和文化遗产的讨论，都暗示了未来规划将更注重可持续性、宜居性、公平性以及社区需求。选项A最能概括这一趋势。C11.A.enhancetheaccuracyandefficiencyofdetectingdiseasessuchascancer*解析思路：题目问的是AI在医学影像诊断中的主要优势。定位到第一段，“Oneofthemostpromisingapplicationsliesindiagnosticimaging,whereAIalgorithmsshowparticularpotentialtoenhancetheaccuracyandefficiencyofdetectingdiseasessuchascancer.”（其中，最有希望的ứngdụng之一在于诊断成像，在诊断成像领域，AI算法在提高癌症等疾病的检测准确性和效率方面显示出巨大潜力）。直接说明了优势在于“enhancetheaccuracyandefficiency”（提高准确性和效率）。12.B.Medicalimagescontainhighlysensitivepatientinformation,andensuringtheprotectionofthisdatawhileusingittotrainAImodelsisparamount.*解析思路：题目问的是与AI驱动医学诊断相关的数据隐私担忧。定位到第二段开头，“Whilethebenefitsaresignificant,theintegrationofAIintomedicaldiagnosticsisnotwithouthurdles.Amajorchallengeconcernsdataprivacyandsecurity.Medicalimagescontainhighlysensitivepatientinformation,andensuringtheprotectionofthisdatawhileusingittotrainAImodelsisparamount.”（虽然益处很大，但将AI集成到医学诊断中并非没有障碍。一个主要挑战涉及数据隐私和安全。医学图像包含高度敏感的患者信息，在使用这些数据训练AI模型时确保其保护是至高无上的）。明确指出了担忧在于“highlysensitivepatientinformation”（高度敏感的患者信息）及其保护。13.D.theirspecificfeatureswhenmakingadiagnosis*解析思路：题目要求找出“blackboxes”的指代含义。定位到第三段，“AsAIdevelopersstrivetoimproveinterpretability,theygrapplewiththeconceptof'blackboxes,'withlimitedtransparencyregardingthespecificfeaturestheyfocusonwhenmakingadiagnosis.”（随着AI开发人员努力提高可解释性，他们与“黑色盒子”的概念作斗争，在做出诊断时，关于他们关注的具体特征缺乏透明度）。这里的“blackboxes”指的是AI系统，其问题在于缺乏透明度，无法了解其做出诊断时“focusonthespecificfeatures”（关注的具体特征）。14.B.sothatclinicianscantrustandeffectivelyutilizeAIrecommendations*解析思路：题目问的是AI系统在医学中可解释性的重要性。定位到第三段，“Furthermore,thereareethicalconsiderationsregardingalgorithmicbias.Ifthetrainingdataisnotsufficientlydiverse,theAImightperformpoorlyforcertaindemographicgroups,potentiallyleadingtomisdiagnosisandexacerbatinghealthdisparities.CollaborationbetweenAIdevelopers,medicalprofessionals,andregulatorybodieswillbecrucialtonavigatethesecomplexchallengesandensurethatAIbecomesasafeandeffectivecomplementtohumanexpertiseinhealthcare.Theconceptofinterpretabilityiscentraltothis,asitallowsclinicianstounderstandthebasisforAIdecisions,verifytheresults,andintegratethemintoclinicalpracticeconfidently.”（此外，还存在着关于算法偏差的伦理考量。如果训练数据不够多样化，AI可能在对某些人群的表现不佳，可能导致误诊并加剧健康差距。在AI开发人员、医疗专业人员和监管机构之间进行合作，对于应对这些复杂挑战并确保AI成为医疗保健中人类专业知识的补充至关重要。可解释性概念是其中的核心，因为它允许临床医生理解AI决策的基础，验证结果，并在实践中自信地整合它们）。虽然最后一句是概括，但前文解释了不解释的风险（可能导致误诊），暗示了解释性是为了让临床医生“trustandeffectivelyutilize”（信任并有效利用）AI建议。15.A.CollaborationbetweenAIdevelopers,medicalprofessionals,andregulatorybodies*解析思路：题目问的是成功将AI集成到医疗诊断中所需的必要条件。定位到第三段最后，“CollaborationbetweenAIdevelopers,medicalprofessionals,andregulatorybodieswillbecrucialtonavigatethesecomplexchallengesandensurethatAIbecomesasafeandeffectivecomplementtohumanexpertiseinhealthcare.”（在AI开发人员、医疗专业人员和监管机构之间进行合作，对于应对这些复杂挑战并确保AI成为医疗保健中人类专业知识的补充至关重要）。明确指出了“Collaboration”（合作）的必要性。D16.A.historicalbuildings,artifactsinmuseums,andancientruins*解析思路：题目问的是传统上构成文化遗产的是什么。定位到第一段，“Theconceptof'culturalheritage'haslongbeenassociatedprimarilywithtangibleartifactssuchashistoricalbuildings,artifactsinmuseums,andancientruins.”（“文化遗产”的概念长期以来主要与有形文物联系在一起，例如历史建筑、博物馆中的文物和古代遗迹）。直接列举了传统意义上的文化遗产是“tangibleartifacts”（有形文物）。17.B.Itacknowledgesthatcultureisnotstaticbutdynamic,constantlyevolvingthroughpracticeandinteraction.*解析思路：题目问的是为什么将文化遗产的定义扩展到包括无形元素。定位到第二段，“Thisbroaderunderstandingacknowledgesthatcultureisnotstaticbutdynamic,constantlyevolvingthroughpracticeandinteraction.”（这种更广泛的理解承认文化不是静止的，而是动态的，通过实践和互动不断演变）。说明了扩展定义的原因在于认识到文化是“dynamic”（动态的）、“evolving”（不断演变的），而无形元素代表了这种“livingtraditions”（活的传统）。18.A.Unliketangibleartifacts,intangibleheritageisharderto"lockaway"andrequiresactiveparticipationandpracticetobemaintained.*解析思路：题目问的是无形文化遗产与有形文化遗产的保护有何不同。定位到第三段开头，“Unliketangibleartifacts,intangibleculturalheritagerepresentsthelivingtraditionsthatarepasseddownthroughgenerationsandcontinuetoshapetheidentityandsocialfabricofcommunities.Itprovidesasenseofbelonging,continuity,andresilienceforcommunitiesworldwide.Theinclusionofintangibleelementspresentsuniquechallengesforpreservationandtransmission.”（与有形文物不同，非物质文化遗产代表着通过世代相传而流传下来的活的传统，这些传统继续塑造着社区的身份和社会结构。它为世界各地的社区提供了归属感、连续性和韧性。无形元素的包含对保护和传承提出了独特的挑战）。明确指出与有形文物（tangibleartifacts）相比，“intangibleheritage”更难保存（harderto"lockaway"），需要“activeparticipationandpractice”（积极参与和实践）来维持。19.D.custodians(guardians,keepers)*解析思路：题目要求找出“custodians”最接近的意思。定位到第三段，“Therefore,effortstoprotectintangibleculturalheritageoftenfocusondocumentation,education,andsupportingthecommunitiesthatembodythesetraditions.Internationalframeworks...emphasizetheimportanceofensuringcommunities'participationandensuringthatpreservationeffortsrespecttheculturalcontextandthecustodiansoftheheritage.”（因此，保护非物质文化遗产的努力通常集中于记录、教育和支持体现这些传统的社区。国际框架强调确保社区参与以及确保保护工作尊重文化背景和遗产的守护者）。根据语境，“custodians”指的是承载和守护这些传统/遗产的社区，意为“守护者”、“看护者”。20.C.ensuringthatpreservationeffortsrespecttheculturalcontextandtherightsofthecustodiansoftheheritage;collaborationbetweencommunities,governments,andexperts*解析思路：题目问的是有效保护无形文化遗产的关键是什么。定位到第三段最后两句，“Therefore,effortstoprotectintangibleculturalheritageoftenfocusondocumentation,education,andsupportingthecommunitiesthatembodythesetraditions.Internationalframeworks...emphasizetheimportanceofensuringcommunities'participationandensuringthatpreservationeffortsrespecttheculturalcontextandtherightsofthecustodiansoftheheritage.”（因此，保护非物质文化遗产的努力通常集中于记录、教育和支持体现这些传统的社区。国际框架强调确保社区参与以及确保保护工作尊重文化背景和遗产守护者的权利）。明确指出了关键在于“respecttheculturalcontext”（尊重文化背景）、“respecttherightsofthecustodians”（尊重守护者的权利）以及社区参与。虽然未明说，但通常也隐含了政府、专家的协作。第二部分新题型21.C.superior*解析思路：题目问的是“21”处“quality”最接近的意思。根据上下文，“Ithasbecomeincreasinglydifficulttodiscernqualityfromquantity.”（它越来越难区分质量与数量）。这里的意思是区分有价值的/高质量的内容和大量内容。因此，“quality”与“quantity”（数量）相对，应指“superior”（更优秀的，更高质量的）。22.A.endless*解析思路：题目问的是“22”处“stream”最接近的意思。根据上下文，“Usersareconstantlybombardedwithastreamofinformationfromcountlesssources...”（用户不断被来自无数来源的信息流轰炸）。这里形容信息多且连续不断，如同水流。因此，“stream”指“endless”（无尽的，持续的）。23.C.demanding*解析思路：题目问的是“23”处“pursuit”最接近的意思。根据上下文，“focusedreadingapursuitformany.”（专注阅读对许多人来说是一种追求）。结合前文“Usersareconstantlybombardedwithastreamofinformation...makingfocusedreading...”可知，专注阅读是在信息泛滥的情况下进行的一项需要集中精力的活动。因此，“pursuit”在此指“demanding”（费力的，需要付出努力的）活动。24.A.decline*解析思路：题目问的是“24”处“tackling”最接近的意思。根据上下文，“Thisphenomenonhasledtoconcernsaboutthetacklingofdeepthinkingandcriticalanalysisinsociety