【英语】高中英语阅读理解(社会文化)技巧小结及练习题

【英语】高中英语阅读理解(社会文化)技巧小结及练习题一、高中英语阅读理解社会文化类1．阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

Althoughnotasmuchasinthepast,grandparentsaretheteachersoftheNavajo(纳瓦霍人)youth.Theymakeyoungpeopleawareoflifeatanearlyage.Theparentsgrantthemtheprivilegeofteachingthechildren,andthegrandparentstakegreatprideinraisingthechildrenoratleasthavingabigpartinraisingthem.

Youngchildrenoftenstaywiththeirgrandparentsforyearsatatimedevelopingacloseandtrustingrelationship.ThegrandparentsteachthechildrenNavajolegendsandtheprincipleoflife,emphasizingbothnewculturetrendsandthepreservationoftraditions.

Thegrandparentsarealsooftentheleadingfiguresinteachingtheyouththeartsofweaving,caringforthelivestock,usingherbalmedicine,andotherartsandcrafts.

Thechildrenaretaughttorespecttheirelders,tocareforthem,tohelpthemwhenevertheyareinneed,andtolearnfromthem.Youngpeopleareurgedtolistenwithcaretothewordsoftheireldersandtokeepasmuchwisdomaspossible.Grandparentsoftengotosocialgatheringsandtraditionalevents,andtheyounghaveopportunitiestolearnmoreabouttheircultureandtraditions.

Ilivewithmygrandmotherforthirteenyears,andsheraisedmeintheoldwaysofourpeople.AlthoughIwasgoingtoschool,shetaughtmeasmuchasshecouldaboutourtraditions.Shewasabeautifulwoman.IfIhadachance,Iwouldlistenagaintoherwiseteachings,expressedwithkindnessinasoftvoicethattouchedmyheart.

Weusedtoplantcornandpumpkineverysummer.Theynevergrewbigenoughtofeedus,butweplantedthemanyway.Iaskedmygrandmotherwhy.Shesaid,"Grandson,ourplantswillbefarmorebeautifulthantheflowersoutsidethefence."IdidnotunderstanduntilonedayIsawtheirbeautyasIwascomingoverthehillwithher.Shesaid,"Anythingthatisapartofyouisalwaysfarmorebeautifulthanthethingswhichyoupassby."Wehadsomebeautifulyearstogether.IamgladsheisapartofmeandIamapartofher.

Childrenusedtobewelldisciplined,possessingmorerespectforculture,tradition,andbeliefsthantheydonow.TheworldoftheNavajohasbeeninfluencedbythewesternworld,andthegrandparentshavelesscontrolandinfluencethantheyusedto.Buttheyoungpeoplewhohavebeentouchedbytheirteachingshaveglimpsedawayoflifebeyondwhatmostpeopleknowtoday.（1）WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph1?A.

Parentshatetotakethetroubletoraisechildren.B.

SchoolsarenotverypopularwiththeNavajoyouth.C.

Grandparentsareusuallyunwillingtoteachtheirgrandchildren.D.

Childrenlearnaboutthemeaningoflifefromtheirgrandchildren.（2）Whydidtheauthor'sgrandmotherplantcornandpumpkin?A.

Becauseshehatedwildflowers.B.

Becausesheneededtofeedherfamily.C.

Becauseshetriedtomakeherfencemorebeautiful.D.

Becauseshewantedhergrandsontolearnalifelesson.（3）What'stheauthor'sopinionaccordingtothepassage?A.

Grandparentsarethesourceoftraditionalculture.B.

Hisgrandmother'steachingcouldreplaceschooling.C.

ThewesternworldishardlyinfluencedbytheNavajos.D.

Itisimpossibletogetgrandparentsinvolvedinteachingagain.（4）What'sthepurposeofthearticle?A.

Tohonortheauthor'sgrandmother.B.

TosharewithreadersaNavajoculture.C.

ToemphasizethegreatnessofNavajo.D.

TointroducethedevelopmentofNavajotribes.【答案】（1）D（2）D（3）A（4）B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，作者介绍了纳瓦霍人的一种文化：由祖父母来教育孙子辈，让他们学到生活中的道理。（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"grandparentsaretheteachersoftheNavajo(纳瓦霍人)youth.Theymakeyoungpeopleawareoflifeatanearlyage."可知，祖父母们是年轻人的老师，使年轻人在很小的时候就认识生活。故选D。（2）考查推理判断。根据第六段中的"Grandson,ourplantswillbefarmorebeautifulthantheflowersoutsidethefence."以及"Anythingthatisapartofyouisalwaysfarmorebeautifulthanthethingswhichyoupassby."可知，祖母种植玉米和南瓜是为了让作者明白一个生活的道理：任何属于你的东西，总是比你路过的东西更美。从而推断出祖母是想让她的孙子学到人生的一课。故选D。（3）考查推理判断。第一段提出“纳瓦霍人的孙子辈主要由祖父母来教育，他们在抚养孩子方面起了很大的作用”，接着对此进行了详细的介绍。最后一段“那些被他们的祖父母教导所感动的年轻人，已经发找到了一种大多数人今天所不知道的生活方式”。由此可推断出本文主要介绍了纳瓦霍人的一种文化：由祖父母们教育孙子辈，让他们认识生活，学到其中的道理。故选A。（4）考查主旨大意。第一段中的"grandparentsaretheteachersoftheNavajo(纳瓦霍人)youth.Theymakeyoungpeopleawareoflifeatanearlyage."纳瓦霍人的祖父母们成为年轻一代人的老师，在教育孙子辈起着重要的作用。是主旨句，接着下文较为详细地介绍了纳瓦霍人的这种文化。由此可推断出作者是与读者分享一种纳瓦霍人的文化。由选B。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。2．阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

It'snotunusualtoseeanunreasonablechildlyingonthegrounddrumminghisheels.Besidehimisadesperatemotheryellingatthetopofherlungs.Raisingawell-behavedkidisreallyahead-scratchingthing.

Ifyoutookalltheparentingstylesaroundtheworldandrankedthembytheirgentleness,theInuit(因纽特人)approachwouldcertainlyranknearthetop.Allthemomsmentiononegoldenrole:Don'tshoutoryellatsmallchildren.Inuit'sno-yellingpolicyistheircentralcomponenttoraisingcool-headedkids.Thecultureviewsscolding,orevenspeakingtochildreninallangryvoice,asinappropriate,althoughlittlekidsarepushingparents'buttons.

Playful"storytelling"isanothertricktosculptingkids'behavior.Butthisstorytellingdiffershugelyfromthosefairytalesfullofmorallessons.Parents"retell"whathappenedwhenaboythrewatantrum(发脾气)bywayofwhatShakespearewouldunderstandalltoowell:puttingona"drama".Afterthechildhascalmeddown,theparentswillreviewwhathappenedwhenthechildmisbehaved,usuallystartingwithaquestion:"Canyoushowushowtothrowatantrum?"Thenthechildhastothinkwhatheshoulddo.Ifhetakesthebaitandperformstheaction,themomwillaskafollow-upquestionwithaplayfultone.Forexample:"Doesthatseemright?"or"Areyouababy?"Sheisgettingacrosstheideathat"bigboys"won'tthrowatantrum.

Kids'brainsarestilldevelopingthecircuitryneededforself-control.Whatyoudoinresponsetoyourchildren'semotionsshapestheirbrains.Sonexttime,seeingyourboymisbehave,tryusingtheInuit'sstorytellingapproach.Anddon'tforgettokeepcool.Afterall,boyswillbeboys.（1）Whichofthefollowingbestexplains"pushingparents'buttons"underlinedinParagraph2?A.

Talkingwithparents.

B.

Playingwithparents'buttons.C.

Exposingparents'faults.

D.

Makingparentsannoyed.（2）WhatdoweknowaboutInuit's"storytelling"?A.

Itaimsatplayingatrickonkids.

B.

Itraiseskids'awarenessofmorality.C.

Itcomesafterachildmisbehaves.

D.

ItanalyzesShakespeare'sdramas.（3）What'stheauthor'sattitudetochildren'smisbehavior?A.

Cautious

B.

Tolerant

C.

Uncaring

D.

Skeptical（4）What'sthemainideaofthetext?A.

Inuit'sapproachtoparenting.

B.

Valuesofreadingliteraryworks.C.

Causesofchildren'smisbehavior.

D.

Parents'responsesto"storytelling".【答案】（1）D（2）C（3）B（4）A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，因纽特人教育孩子的方式最温柔，介绍了因纽特人教育孩子的黄金规则“不对小孩叫喊”以及他们塑造孩子行为的一种方式“讲故事”，让我们时刻记住孩子做错事的时候要保持冷静。（1）考查词义猜测。划线词组所在句子为让步状语从句，"although（即使）"前后句是相反关系。句意为：这种文化认为训斥孩子，或者以生气的口吻对孩子说话都是不合适的，即使小孩子让家长生气的时候也是这样。故选D。（2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的"Parents"retell"whathappenedwhenaboythrewatantrum(发脾气)bywayof…"可知，家长讲述的是小男孩发脾气时所发生的事情。也就是说故事内容就是小孩子做错的事情。故选C。（3）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的"Anddon'tforgettokeepcool.Afterall,boyswillbeboys.不要忘记保持冷静。毕竟，孩子就是孩子。"可知，作者认为小孩子犯错时，家长要宽容孩子的错误，不能对孩子要求太高。故选B。（4）考查主旨大意。文章主要通过讲述因纽特人温柔地教育孩子的方式，让我们对如何教育孩子有所启发。故选A。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。3．阅读理解

Takealookatthefollowinglistofnumbers:4,8,5,3,7,9,6.Readthemloud.Nowlookawayandspend20secondsmemorizingtheminorderbeforesayingthemoutloudagain.IfyouspeakEnglish,youhaveabouta50%chanceofrememberingthoseperfectly.IfyouareChinese,though,you'realmostcertaintogetitrighteverytime.Whyisthat?Becausewemosteasilymemorizewhateverwecansayorreadwithinatwo-secondperiod.AndunlikeEnglish,theChineselanguageallowsthemtofitallthosesevennumbersintotwoseconds.

ThatexamplecomesfromStanislasDahaene'sbookTheNumberSense.AsDahaeneexplains:Chinesenumberwordsareremarkablybrief.Mostofthemcanbespokenoutinlessthanone-quarterofasecond(forinstance,4is“si”and7“qi”).TheirEnglishpronunciationsarelonger.ThememorygapbetweenEnglishandChineseapparentlyisentirelyduetothisdifferenceinlength.

Itturnsoutthatthereisalsoabigdifferenceinhownumber-namingsystemsinWesternandAsianlanguagesareconstructed.InEnglish,wesayfourteen,sixteen,seventeen,eighteenandnineteen,soonemightexpectthatwewouldalsosayoneteen,twoteen,threeteen,andfiveteen.

Butwedon't.Weuseadifferentform:eleven,twelve,thirteenandfifteen.Fornumbersabove20,weputthe“decade”firstandtheunitnumbersecond(twenty-one,twenty-two),whilefortheteens,wedoittheotherwayaround(fourteen,seventeen,eighteen).ThenumbersysteminEnglishishighlyirregular.NotsoinChina,Japan,andKorea.Theyhavealogicalcountingsystem.Elevenisten-one.Twelveisten-two.Twenty-fouristwo-tens-fourandsoon.

ThatdifferencemeansthatAsianchildrenlearntocountmuchfasterthanAmericanchildren.Four-year-oldChinesechildrencancount,onaverage,to40.Americanchildrenatthatagecancountonlyto15.Bytheageoffive,inotherwords,AmericanchildrenarealreadyayearbehindtheirAsianfriendsinthemostfundamentalofmathskills.

TheregularityoftheirnumbersystemalsomeansthatAsianchildrencanperformbasicfunctions,suchasaddition,farmoreeasily.AskanEnglish-speakingseven-year-oldtoaddthirty-sevenplustwenty-twoinherhead,andshehastochangethewordstonumbers(37+22).Onlythencanshedothemath:2plus7is9and30and20is50,whichmakes59.AskanAsianchildtoaddthree-tens-sevenandtwo-tens-two,andthenthenecessaryequation(等式)isrightthere,inthesentence.Nonumbertranslationisnecessary:it'sfive-tens-nine.

Whenitcomestomath,inotherwords,Asianshaveabuilt-inadvantage.Foryears,studentsfromChina,SouthKorea,andJapan---outperformedtheirWesternclassmatesatmathematics,andthetypicalassumptionisthatithassomethingtodowithakindofAsiantalentformath.ThedifferencesbetweenthenumbersystemsintheEastandtheWestsuggestsomethingverydifferent---thatbeinggoodatmathmayalsoberootedinagroup'sculture.（1）Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?A.

TheAsiannumber-namingsystemhelpsgraspadvancedmathskillsbetter.B.

Westernculturefailtoprovidetheirchildrenwithadequatenumberknowledge.C.

ChildreninWesterncountrieshavetolearnbyheartthelearningthings.D.

Asianchildren'sadvantageinmathmaybesourcedfromtheirculture.（2）WhatmakesaChineseeasiertorememberalistofnumbersthananAmerican?A.

Theirunderstandingofnumbers.

B.

Theirmothertongue.C.

Theirmatheducation.

D.

TheirdifferentIQ.（3）Asianchildrencanreachanswersinbasicmathfunctionsmorequicklybecause____________.A.

theypronouncethenumbersinashorterperiodB.

theypracticemathfromanearlyageC.

theydon'thavetotranslatelanguageintonumbersfirstD.

Americanchildrencanonlycountto15attheageoffour【答案】（1）D（2）B（3）C【解析】【分析】本文为介绍说明文。文章介绍了东西方数字系统之间的差异对东西方人数学能力的影响，同时也发现了一个非常不同的地方：善于数学也可能植根于一个群体的文化中。（1）主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文介绍了东西方数字系统之间的差异对东西方人数学能力的影响。同时根据第三段中的ThenumbersysteminEnglishishighlyirregular.NotsoinChina,Japan,andKorea.Theyhavealogicalcountingsystem.（英语中的数字系统是高度不规则的。在中国、日本、韩国则不是这样的。他们有一个逻辑计数系统。）及第四段中的ThatdifferencemeansthatAsianchildrenlearntocountmuchfasterthanAmericanchildren.（这种差异意味着亚洲儿童比美国儿童学的要快得多。）可推知，本文主要探讨了亚洲儿童在数学方面的优势可能来源于他们的文化的问题。故选D。（2）推理判断题。根据第一段中的Becausewemosteasilymemorizewhateverwecansayorreadwithinatwo-secondperiod.AndunlikeEnglish,theChineselanguageallowsthemtofitallthosesevennumbersintotwoseconds.（因为我们最容易记住我们在一两秒钟内能说或读的东西。与英语不同，汉语允许他们把这七个数字放在两秒钟之内）可推知，比起美国人，中国人的母语让中国人更容易记住一列数字。故选B。（3）细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中对亚洲孩子与美国孩子在基本数学运算方面的对比可知，亚洲儿童可以更快地在基本数学运算中找到答案，是因为他们不必先把语言翻译成数字。故选C。4．阅读理解

Visitorsmustpresentallcarrieditemsforinspectionuponentry.Afterinspection,allbags,backpacks,umbrella,parcelsandotheritemsasdeterminedbysecurityofficersmustbeleftatthecheckrooms,freeofcharge,closetoeachentrance.Alloversizedbags,backpacksandluggagemustbeleftatthecheckroomsnearthe4thStreetentranceofeithertheEastorWestBuilding.Theseitemswillhavetobex-rayedbeforebeingaccepted.Itemsofvalue,suchaslaptopcomputers,camerasandfurcoats,maynotbeleftinthecheckroomsbutmaybecarriedintothegallery.Weregretthatthemuseumdoesn'thaveenoughspaceforvisitorsitemslargerthan17*26inchesinthegallery.

Additionalsecurityproceduresandchecksmaybetakenaccordingtothedecisionofthegallery.

*Forthesafetyoftheartworksandothervisitors,nothingmaybecarriedonavisitor'sback.Softfront-babycarriersareallowed,butchildrenmaynotbecarriedonshouldersorinachildcarrierwornontheback.Wheelchairsareavailablefreeofchargeneareachcheckroom.

*Smokingisprohibited.Foodanddrinkarenotpermittedoutsidethefoodserviceareas.Unopenedbottledwatermaybecarriedonlyinavisitor'sbag.Cellphonesmaynotbeusedinthegallery.

*Animals,otherthanserviceanimals,arenotpermitted.

*Skateboardingisprohibited.

*Picture-taking(includingvideo)forpersonaluseispermittedexceptinthespecialexhibits.

*Pleasedon'ttouchtheworksofart.（1）Accordingtothetext,whichitemcanbecarriedintothegallery?A.

umbrella

B.

package

C.

Ipad

D.

suitcase（2）Wheninthegallery,whatcanvisitorsdo?A.

Theycancarryopenedbottledwaterintheirbags.

B.

Theycandrinkinsidethefoodserviceareas.C.

Theycantakepicturesforpersonaluseanywhere.

D.

Theymustpayiftheyusewheelchairsforthechildren.（3）Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.

Thepolicesofthegallery

B.

TheartworksofthegalleryC.

Thelocationofthegallery

D.

Thehistoryofthegallery【答案】（1）C（2）B（3）A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了参观博物馆的一些规定。比如，游客携带的物品需要在入口处接受检查；过大的物品不允许带入博物馆；此外，除了服务犬外其他动物不允许进入等等。(1)考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Afterinspection,allbags,backpacks,umbrella,parcelsandotheritemsasdeterminedbysecurityofficersmustbeleftatthecheckrooms,freeofcharge,closetoeachentrance.“可知，伞、背包和手提包等都不可以带进国家美术馆。故选C。(2)考查推理判断。根据带星号要点的第二点“Foodanddrinkarenotpermittedoutsidethefoodserviceareas.“可知，不允许饮食服务区以外的食品和饮料，可推知可以饮用饮食服务区内供应的饮料，故选B。(3)考查主旨大意。纵观全文可知，本文介绍了艺术展上，参观者需要注意的事项，故选A。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。5．阅读理解

Americansgavenearly$300billionawaylastyear.Doyouknowthereason?Beyondthenoblegoalsofhelpingothers,itisthatgivingwillmakethemhappier.

Itisafactthatgiversarehappierpeoplethannon-givers.AccordingtotheSocialCapitalCommunityBenchmarkSurvey,asurveyof30,000Americanhouseholds,peoplewhogivemoneytocharityare43%morelikelythannon-giverstosaytheyare"veryhappy"abouttheirlives.Similarly,volunteersare42%morelikelytobeveryhappythennon-volunteers.

Thehappinessdifferencebetweengiversandnon-giversisnotduetodifferencesintheirpersonalcharacteristics,suchasincomeorreligion.Imaginetwopeoplewhoareidenticalintermsofincomeandfaith,aswellasage,education,politics,sex,andfamilycircumstances,butonedonatesmoneyandvolunteers,whiletheotherdoesnot.Thegiverwillbe,onaverage,over40percentagepointsmorelikelytobeveryhappythanthenon-givers.

Anumberofstudieshaveresearchedexactlywhycharityleadstohappiness.Thesurprisingconclusionisthatgivingaffectsourbrainchemistry.Forexample,peoplewhogiveoftenreportfeelingsofeuphoria,whichpsychologistshavereferredtoasthe"Helper'sHigh".Theybelievethatcharitableactivityproducesaverymildversionofthesensationspeoplegetfromdrugslikemorphineandheroin.

Ofcourse,notonlydoesgivingincreaseourhappiness,butalsoourhappinessincreasesthepossibilitythatwewillgive.Everyonepreferstogivemorewhentheyarehappy.Researchershaveinvestigatedthisbyconductingexperimentsinwhichpeopleareaskedabouttheirhappinessbeforeandaftertheyparticipateinacharitableactivity,suchasvolunteeringtohelpchildrenorservingmealstothepoor.Theresultisclearthatgivinghasastrong,positivecausalimpactonourhappiness,sodoeshappinessongiving（1）AccordingtoParagraph2.Wecanlearnthat

.A.

onlythosepeoplewhogavemoneytocharitywillbehappyB.

moregiverssaytheyfeelhavinghappylivesthannon-giversC.

thosewhodonatemoneyarehappierthanthosewhovolunteerD.

42%ofthevolunteerssaytheyareashappyasthenon-volunteers（2）Whatcausesthehappinessdifference?A.

Income.

B.

Faith.

C.

Education.

D.

Donation.（3）Ifapersonfeelshappy,hemay

.A.

askformoredonations

B.

stopcharitableactivityC.

belikelytogivemore.

D.

cookfoodforthepoor【答案】（1）B（2）D（3）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了美国人爱做慈善，因为给予别人帮助比得到帮助更让人快乐。（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“peoplewhogivemoneytocharityare43%morelikelythannon-giverstosaytheyare‘veryhappy’abouttheirlives.”可知给予者比得到帮助者更快乐。故选B。（2）考查细节理解。根据第三段年龄，性别，收入，信仰，家庭环境都相同的两个人，总是向慈善机构捐钱的那个人，更快乐。可知是捐赠和给予影响一个人的快乐。故选D。（3）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“notonlydoesgivingincreaseourhappiness,butalsoourhappinessincreasesthepossibilitythatwewillgive.”一个人越快乐就越愿意去捐赠，去帮助别人。故选C。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，要求考生准确掌握细节信息，结合题目要求，从而选出正确答案。6．阅读短文，从短文后每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

Overtheyears,cheerleadinghastakentwoprimaryforms:game-timecheerleadingandcompetitivecheerleading.Game-timecheerleaders'maingoalistoentertainthecrowdandleadthemwithteamcheers,whichshouldnotbeconsideredasport.However,competitivecheerleadingismorethanaformofentertainment.Itisreallyacompetitivesport.

Competitivecheerleadingincludeslotsofphysicalactivity.Themajorityoftheteamsrequireacertainleveloftumbling(翻腾)ability.It'saverycommonthingforgymnasts,soit'seasyforthemtogointocompetitivecheerleading.Usuallythesecheerleadersintegratelotsoftheirgymnasticsexperienceincludingtheirjumps,tumbling,andoverallenergy.Theyalsoperformliftsandthrows.Thisiswherethe"fliers"arethrownintheair,heldby"bases"indifferentpositionsthatrequirestrengthandworkingwithotherteammates.

Competitivecheerleadingisalsoanactivitythatisgovernedbyrulesunderwhichawinnercanbedeclared.Itisawardedpointsfortechnique,creativityandsharpness.Usuallythemoredifficulttheactionis,thebetterthescoreis.That'swhycheerleadersaretryingtoexperiencegreatdifficultyintheirperformance.

Besides,thereisalsoastrictruleoftime.Thewholeperformancehastobecompletedinlessthanthreeminutesandfifteenseconds,duringwhichthecheerleadersarerequiredtostaywithinacertainarea.Anyperformancebeyondthelimitoftimeisinvalid.

Anotherreasonforthefactthatcompetitivecheerleadingisoneofthehardestsportsisthatithasmorereportedinjuries.Accordingtosomeresearch,competitivecheerleadingisthenumberonecauseofserioussportsinjuriestowomen.Emergencyroomvisitsforitarefivetimesthenumberthanforanyothersport,partiallybecausecheerleadersdon'tuseprotectiveequipment.Smilingcheerleadersarethrownintotheairandmovedownintothearmsoftheteammates,whichmayeasilycauseinjuries.Generally,theseinjuriesaffectallareasofthebody,includingwrists,shoulders,ankles,head,andneck.

Therecanbenodoubtthatcompetitivecheerleadingisasportwithprofessionalskills.Hopefully,itwillappearintheOlympicssincecheerleadersarejustasathleticandphysicallyfitasthoseinvolvedinthemoreacceptedsports.Itshouldbenotedthatitisateamsportandeventhesmallestmistakemadebyoneteammatecanbringthescoreoftheentireteamdown.Sowithoutworkingtogethertoachievethegoal,firstplaceisoutofreach.（1）Whatisthemainpurposeofcompetitivecheerleading?A.

Tocompareskillsofparticipants.

B.

Tomaketheaudiencefeelamused.C.

Toattractmorepeopletowatchevents.

D.

Tocheerupthecompetitorsonthecourt.（2）Theunderlinedword"integrate"inParagraph2probablymeans"________".A.

examine

B.

combine

C.

identify

D.

replace（3）Wecanlearnfromthepassagethatcompetitivecheerleading________.A.

lacksnecessaryguidelinestofollowB.

enjoysgreaterpopularitythanothersportsC.

requiresmoredesignedactionsthangymnasticsD.

hasarelativelyhighrateofdamagetothebody（4）Whichofthefollowingshowsthestructureofthepassage?I:Introduction

P:Point

Sp:Sub-point(次要点)

C:ConclusionA.

B.

C.

D.

【答案】（1）A（2）B（3）D（4）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了竞技啦啦队不同于普通的啦啦队，它是一项具有专业技能的运动，有自己的规则，融入了一些体操的技能。队员必须有团队精神，队员的受伤率很高。（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“competitivecheerleadingismorethanaformofentertainment.Itisreallyacompetitivesport.和Competitivecheerleadingincludeslotsofphysicalactivity.”及最后一段中的“Therecanbenodoubtthatcompetitivecheerleadingisasportwithprofessionalskills.”竞技啦啦队是竞争性的运动，是一项具有专业技能的运动。故选A。（2）考查词义猜测。根据第二段中的“includingtheirjumps,tumbling,andoverallenergy.”通常这些竞技啦啦队长会将他们的体操经验融入其中，包括跳跃、翻滚和总能量。"integrate"指整合，结合，融入与combine同义，故选B。（3）考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中的“Anotherreasonforthefactthatcompetitivecheerleadingisoneofthehardestsportsisthatithasmorereportedinjuries.”及“Generally,theseinjuriesaffectallareasofthebody,includingwrists,shoulders,ankles,head,andneck.”可知，竞技啦啦队很容易造成队员受伤，会造成身体多个部位的伤害。故选D。（4）考查文章结构。第一段是总体介绍竞技啦啦队，第二段介绍其包括内容和标准，第三、四段介绍其难度很高，第五段介绍竞技啦啦队受伤率很高。最后一段得出结论竞技啦啦队是一项专业技能的运动。属于总分总结构，故选C。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和文章结构三个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行推理，归纳，从而选出正确答案。7．阅读理解

IhavelearnedsomethingaboutmyselfsinceImovedfromLongIslandtoFloridathreeyearsago.EventhoughIownahomeinPortSt.Luciejustminutesfromtheocean,anuncontrollableurgewellsuptoreturntoLongIslandevenasothersmaketheirwaysouth.IguessIamasnowbirdstuckinreverse.InsteadofenjoyingFlorida'smildwinters,IwillinglyendurethesevereweatheronLongIsland,theplaceIcalledhomefor65years.

I'mlikeamigratorybirdthathaslostitssenseoftiminganddirection,mywingsflappingagainstseason.

Sowhatmakesmeflyagainstthetideofsnowbirds?TheanswerhasalottodowithmyreluctancetogiveupthethingsthatdefinewhoIam.OnceIhearthatthetemperatureonLongIslandhasdippedintotherangeof40to50degrees,Ibegintolongforthesightandcracklingsoundofawoodfire.Ialsolongforthebrightdisplayo£colors—firstinthefalltrees,andtheninthelimitsaroundhomesandatRockefellerCenter.Floridiansdecoratetoo,butcan'tcreatethespecialfeelofaNewEnglandwinter.

IsupposethebiggestreasonwhyIreturnistocelebratetheholidayswithpeopleIhaven'tseeninmonths.WhatcouldbebetterthansittingwithfamilyandfriendsforaThanksgivingturkeydinner,orwatchingneighbors'childrenexcitedlyopengiftsonChristmas?Eventhefirstsnowfallseemsspecial.Iespeciallyenjoyseeingabrightredbirdsettlingonasnow-coveredbranch(MywifeandIspendwintersataretirementcommunityinRidge,andI'mgratefulthatIdon'thavetoshovel.）

WhilethesesimplepleasuresarenotuniquetoLongIsland,theyaresomeofthereasonswhyIcomeback.Whosaysyoucan'tgohome?（1）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"snowbird"inParagraph1referto?A.

Apersonspendingwinterinawarmerclimate.

B.

Abirdseenchieflyinwinter.C.

Apersonpermanentlylivinginaforeigncountry.

D.

Abirdflyingtothesouthinwinter.（2）What'sthedifferencebetweenFloridaandLongIsland?A.

WintersinLongIslandaremilder.

B.

ThesnowbirdsinLongIslandarerarer.C.

WeatherinLongIslandisseverer.

D.

LongIslandisnearertotheocean.（3）WhatdidtheauthormissmostwhenhewasinFloridaA.

Thecoldtemperature.

B.

Thecolorfullightdisplay.C.

Thefamilygathering.

D.

Thewinterlandscape.（4）What'stheauthor'spurposeinwritingthetext?A.

Topraisethebeautyandwarmthofhishometown.B.

Todescribehisdreamtobeafreebird.C.

Toexplainthereasonsformovingfromhishometown.D.

Toexpresshisfeelingofmissinghishometown.【答案】（1）A（2）C（3）C（4）D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了作者自己独特的习惯，喜欢家乡寒冷的冬天，而不愿享受佛罗里达温和的冬天；因为作者想念家乡的冬天，想念家乡的景色，想念家乡的亲朋好友。（1）考查词义猜测。根据第一段中的“

EventhoughIownahomeinPortSt.Luciejustminutesfromtheocean,anuncontrollableurgewellsuptoreturntoLongIslandevenasothersmaketheirwaysouth.IguessIama

snowbird

stuckinreverse.

”即使我在圣路西港有家离大海只有几分钟的路程,一股无法控制的冲动涌到了长岛，就在其他人向南走的时候。我想我是一个反其道而行之的，一个在温暖的气候里过冬的人，可知选A。（2）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"InsteadofenjoyingFlorida'smildwinters，IwillinglyendurethesevereweatheronLongIsland，theplaceIcalledhomefor65years．”没有享受佛罗里达州温和的冬天，我愿意忍受长岛我称之为家乡的地方的恶劣天气长达65年，可知，佛罗里达的冬天比长岛更加温和，所以选C。

（3）考查细节理解。根据第五段中的“

IsupposethebiggestreasonwhyIreturnistocelebratetheholidayswithpeopleIhaven'tseeninmonths.WhatcouldbebetterthansittingwithfamilyandfriendsforaThanksgivingturkeydinner,orwatchingneighbors'childrenexcitedlyopengiftsonChristmas?”我认为我回来的最大原因是和我几个月没见过的人