2024-2025学年长江师范学院单招《英语》检测卷含答案详解【巩固】

长江师范学院单招《英语》检测卷考试时间：90分钟；命题人：教研组考生注意：1、本卷分第I卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分，满分100分，考试时间90分钟2、答卷前，考生务必用0.5毫米黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、班级填写在试卷规定位置上3、答案必须写在试卷各个题目指定区域内相应的位置，如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用涂改液、胶带纸、修正带，不按以上要求作答的答案无效。第I卷（选择题60分）一、单选题（20小题，每小题3分，共计60分）1、AlbertEinsteinwasfromaJewishfamily.HewasborninGermany.Whenhewas（1）,helikedtoaskquestions.Bythetimehewasfourteenyearsold,he（2）advancedmathematics（3）byhimself.（4）thenhehaddecidedtobecomeaphysicistand（5）himself（6）abstract(抽象)research.Hisfamilywasnotrich,buthisparentsmanaged（7）himtoatechnicalschooland（8）totheFederalInstituteofTechnologyinSwitzerland.Aftergraduation,hebegantoteach.Later,heworkedinagovernmentoffice.Then（9）themoneyhesaved,hecontinuedhisstudiesattheUniversityofZurich.In1905hegota（10）degree.Itwasatthattime（11）hebegantheresearchandstudieswhichled（12）hisfamousTheoryofRelativity.Formostpeople,histheorywas（13）difficulttounderstand.Manyscientistslaughed（14）itand（15）wouldacceptit.ButEinsteinstucktoitandwentonwithhisresearch.

第(7)选（）A.tosendingB.tobesentC.tosendD.sending答案:C解析:本题考查固定搭配"managetodosth."，意为“设法做某事”。根据句意“他的家庭并不富裕，但他的父母设法送他去技术学校”，可知空白处应填动词不定式“tosend”，表示他的父母尽力送他去技术学校。2、Johnopenedthedoor.Therehehadneverseenbefore.A.agirldidstandB.agirlstoodC.didagirlstandD.stoodagirl答案:D解析:这道题考查英语的倒装句。在英语中，表地点的副词或介词短语置于句首时，句子要完全倒装。本题中，地点状语“there”置于句首，所以句子要用完全倒装，即谓语动词“stood”置于主语“agirl”之前。A、C选项结构错误，B选项是正常语序，不符合要求，所以应选D选项。3、It'snotgoodtobelate（）school.A.onB.forC.inD.to答案:B解析:这道题考查介词的用法。在英语中，“belatefor”是固定搭配，表示“迟到”。“belateforschool”即“上学迟到”。A选项“on”、C选项“in”、D选项“to”都不能与“belate”构成“迟到”的正确表达，所以答案选B。4、HeoftenwatchesnewsonTVfornearly（）hourafterdinner.A.aB.anC.theD./答案:B解析:这道题考查不定冠词的用法。不定冠词a和an的区别在于其后单词的发音，元音音素开头用an。“hour”发音为['aʊə(r)]，是元音音素开头，所以用“an”。在英语中，“fornearlyanhour”表示“将近一个小时”，是常见的时间表达。5、从下面单词中找一个括号部分读音不同的单词。（）A.fl(oo)dB.m(oo)nC.ch(oo)seD.f(oo)d答案:A解析:这道题考查单词中元音字母组合“oo”的读音。在英语发音规则中，“oo”在不同单词中有不同发音。B、C、D选项中“oo”读/uː/，而A选项“flood”中“oo”读/ʌ/，所以读音不同的是A选项。6、-Bill,whatdoyouknowaboutChinesekungfu?-Sorry,Iknow（）aboutit.A.somethingB.nothingC.anythingD.everything答案:B解析:这道题考查不定代词的用法。在英语中，“something”表示“某事，某物”；“nothing”表示“什么也没有”；“anything”常用于否定句和疑问句中，表示“任何事物”；“everything”表示“一切”。根据回答“Sorry”可知，对中国功夫一无所知，所以应选“nothing”。7、（）surprisedmemostwas（）.A.That;thatshespokeJapanesesowellB.What;howcouldshespeakJapanesesowellC.What;thatshespokeJapanesesowellD.That;whyshecouldspeakJapanesesowell.答案:C解析:这道题考查主语从句和表语从句。“Whatsurprisedmemost”是主语从句，what在从句中作主语。“thatshespokeJapanesesowell”是表语从句，that只起连接作用，不充当成分。A选项that不能作主语；B选项how和could搭配不当；D选项that不能引导主语从句，why不符合句意。所以选C，整个句子结构完整，语义通顺。8、Foodismostimportantforlife.Withoutitmanwoulddieofhunger（1）theneedforfood,manalsohasneedforhousetoprotecthim（2）heatandcold,windandrain.Thefirstman'shomeswereverysimple.Thesizeandkindofhousesatthattimewerelimited（3）hisbuildingskillandalsobythethingsforhimtouse.Insomeplaces,man'shomewouldbe（4）morethanalargeholeinthesideofahill,withafireatthegatetogivehimlight,tocookfoodandtokeepdangerousanimalsaway.Butnowin（5）century,housebuildingworkhasbecomeanimportantindustry.Modernsciencemakesitpossibleformantobuildsomanylarge（6）forgovernmentoffices,shops,schools,hotels,hospitals,churches.…Asthepopulationoftheworldgrows（7）housesofmanykindsareneeded.Thehousewiththree（8）fortheaveragefamilywouldnotbe（9）foraveryrichfamily.Theaveragefamiliesalsowanttolivecomfortably.Sopeoplearetryingtheirbesttoimprovetheirhouses（10）itisexpensive,Differentkindsofmodernhousesarebeingdesignedandsomeofthemhavebeenbuiltupforrichfamiliestolivein,andalsosomeforaveragefamilies.

第(2)选（）A.ofB.fromC.toD.away答案:B解析:在这个句子中，需要选择一个合适的介词来连接“protecthim”和“heatandcold,windandrain”。选项B“from”表示“来自”或“免受”，用在这里表示人类需要房子来保护自己免受冷热风雨的影响，符合语境。其他选项A“of”表示所属关系；C“to”表示方向或目的；D“away”表示远离，均不符合句意。因此，正确答案是B。9、--Doyouthinkyoucoulddowithouthelp?--（）.Thisisnotthefirsttimeforme.A.TakecareB.HurryupC.NotexactlyD.Don'tworry答案:D解析:这道题考查日常交际用语的理解。A选项“Takecare”意为“小心”；B选项“Hurryup”是“快点”；C选项“Notexactly”表示“不完全是”。根据语境，对方询问是否能不需要帮助，回答说“这不是第一次了”，意思是让对方别担心，D选项“Don'tworry”符合，所以选D。10、Youdon'tlookwell.Why（）toseethedoctor?A.nottogoB.younottogoC.notgoD.didn'tgo答案:C解析:这道题考查“whynot+动词原形”的固定用法，表示“为什么不”。A选项“nottogo”形式错误；B选项“younottogo”结构混乱；D选项“didn'tgo”时态不符。在这种表达建议的语境中，“Whynotgo”是正确且常用的结构，所以答案选C。11、从下面单词中找一个括号部分读音不同的单词。（）A.play(ed)B.preferr(ed)C.employ(ed)D.provid(ed)答案:D解析:这道题考查单词过去式的读音。在英语发音规则中，A选项“played”、B选项“preferred”、C选项“employed”的“ed”发音相同。而D选项“provided”的“ed”发音与其他三个不同。所以答案是D。12、—Theshoesareverynice.I’lltakethem.

—You’dbetter______first.I’mafraidthesizeisabitsmallforyou.A.payforthemB.takethemoffC.putthemonD.trythemon答案:D解析:这道题考查对英语短语的理解和运用。在购物场景中，当决定购买鞋子时，通常要先试穿，以确定是否合适。“trythemon”就是“试穿”的意思。A选项“payforthem”是付款；B选项“takethemoff”是脱下；C选项“putthemon”是穿上，但强调动作。根据语境，应先“trythemon”，所以选D。13、Myparentsworkhardandmake（）possibleforustoliveabetterlife.A.itB.thatC.thisD.one答案:A解析:这道题考查形式宾语的用法。在英语语法中，当宾语较长时，常用it作形式宾语，真正的宾语后置。在本句中，“forustoliveabetterlife”是真正的宾语，“it”充当形式宾语，使句子结构更清晰合理。选项B“that”、C“this”、D“one”均无法在此处作形式宾语，所以答案选A。14、--Wouldyoupleasenotdrawpicturesonthewall?--Sorry.I（）itagain.A.amnotdoingB.don'tdoC.didn'tdoD.won'tdo答案:D解析:这道题考查对将来动作的表达。“Wouldyoupleasenot...”是一种委婉的请求，回答时要用将来时态。A是现在进行时，B是一般现在时，C是一般过去时，都不符合语境。D是一般将来时，表示“不会再做了”，符合回答者的承诺，所以选D。15、Justinknewtherewasonlyonewayoutofhisneighborhood—basketball.Sohe（1）hard,runningwiththeballlikethe（2）dogswerechasing(追逐)him.Hecoulddefeatanyoftheguysatthe（3）andhesawhiswayoutandheranforit.OnedaywhenJustinwasplayingbasketball,he（4）hisrightkneebadly.Thedoctorsaidhemightneverplay（5）.Justinwasextremelysad.EverydayJustinjust（6）inbed,watchingTVandeatingpotatochips.Whenhe（7）likeaballoon,hissistercamehomefromtheuniversityonholiday,bringingexciting（8）ofafarawaylandcalledcollege.Justinwas（9）bythedormstoriesandcampus（10）thatshetold,buthecould（11）believeanyofthem.Itwasasifsheweretellinghimaboutsome（12）landhighabovetheclouds.Justinwasapretty（13）guy,buthissisterhadawayof（14）himtodothingsthatnobodyelsecould.Sowhileshewashomeduringthe（15）,theystudiedtogether,andtheytalked,andtheyworked,andJustinfelt（16）thanheeverhadbefore.Afterspendingthose（17）withhissister,Justinrealizedthathedidn'twanttofeelbadforhimselfanymore,andhedidn'twanttoquit.Basketball（18）behisthing,butnowtherewasonly（19）.UsingthestudyskillsJustinhadacquiredfromhissister,hescored（20）ineveryexam.Theuniversitythatheappliedtoacceptedhim.

第10空填（）。A.stressB.canteensC.crazinessD.networks答案:C解析:根据原文描述，Justin的姐姐向他讲述了关于大学生活的故事，其中很可能包括校园生活的各个方面。选项C“craziness”在这里可以理解为校园生活的独特氛围、活力或者某种程度的疯狂（通常指学生时代的热情与活力），这与文中描述的Justin被姐姐讲述的校园生活所吸引的情境相符。而选项A“stress”指压力，与文中描述的积极、向往的情境不符；选项B“canteens”指食堂，虽然食堂是校园生活的一部分，但文中并未特别强调食堂；选项D“networks”指网络或人际关系网，同样不是文中强调的重点。因此，结合原文描述和选项含义，第10空应填C。16、—Whosedictionaryisthis?—It'smy___Sheboughtityesterday.A.sisterB.sister'sC.sistersD.sisters'答案:B解析:这道题考查名词所有格的用法。名词所有格表示“……的”。A选项sister是“姐妹”，C选项sisters是复数“姐妹”，D选项sisters'是“姐妹们的”。这里说的是“我姐妹的字典”，要用sister's表示“姐妹的”。所以答案选B。17、Ihave________postcards.Youcanusethem.A.littleB.alittleC.fewD.afew答案:D解析:这道题考查不定代词的用法。few和afew修饰可数名词，little和alittle修饰不可数名词。postcards是可数名词复数，所以先排除A、B选项。few表示几乎没有，afew表示有一些。根据“Youcanusethem.”可知是有一些明信片，所以选D。18、—Excuseme.Couldyoutellmethewaytotherailwaystation?—Gostraighton（）turnrightatthesecondturning.A.butB.andC.SoD.or答案:B解析:这道题考查连词的用法。在描述路线时，“Gostraighton”（直走）和“turnrightatthesecondturning”（在第二个路口右转）是两个需要依次进行的动作，是顺承关系。“and”用于连接两个并列的动作或情况，表示“并且，和”。A选项“but”表转折；C选项“so”表结果；D选项“or”表选择。所以应选B选项“and”。19、Intheirstruggletodealwithanattackofdesertlocusts(蝗虫),CypriotfarmersmaydowelltoturntoaU.N.sitethatsuggestsifyoucan'tbeatthemeatthem.Locustsarerichinproteinandcanbestir-fried,boiledorroasted.ItisapieceofvaluableinformationprovidedbytheRome-basedFoodandAgricultureOrganizationinadrivetohelpdealwithlocuststhathavelandedinCyprusfromAfrica.“Hereareafewlocalrecipes(处方)fromlocust-affectedcountries，”apageontheFAOWebsitesays.“Pleasesendusyours!”OnerecipefromatribeinsouthernAfricaadvisesmakingroastlocustintoafinepowdertoeatonajourney.“Thelegs,whendried,areespeciallyrelishedfortheirpleasanttaste.”“Takeseveraldozenlocustadults,especiallyfemales,cutthestomachlengthwiseandputapeanutinside,”aCambodianrecipesuggested.“Thenlightlycookthelocustsinahotfryingpan,addingalittleoilandsalttotaste,Becarefulnottoovercookorburnthem,”EatinglocustshasbeendocumentedfromBiblicaltimes.AccordingtotheChristianNewTestament,JohntheBaptistsurvivedonlocustsandhoneywhenhewasinthedesert-eventhoughsomequestionswhetheritwaslocustsheactuallyateastheGreekname“acridae”canalsomeanthetipsofplants.ThelocustsreachedeasternMediterraneancountriesinearlyNovemberaftertheworstattackrecordedinAfricaformorethanadecade.

Whichofthefollowingistheplacewherepeopleeatlocustswithpeanuts?A.A

tribe

in

Southern

Africa.B.Cambodia.C.Cyprus.D.Rome.答案:B解析:根据文章内容，有一个柬埔寨的食谱建议将数十只蝗虫成虫，尤其是雌性，纵向切开腹部并放入一颗花生。这表明在柬埔寨有将蝗虫与花生一起食用的做法。因此，吃蝗虫配花生的地方是柬埔寨。20、Myfatheris________thecinema________themoment.A.at；inB.at；atC.in；inD.in；by答案:B解析:这道题考查介词的用法。“atthecinema”表示“在电影院”，是固定搭配。“atthemoment”意思是“此刻，当下”，也是常见的固定短语。A选项“in”用于较大的地点；C选项“inthemoment”表述错误；D选项“bythemoment”不符合常用表达。所以答案选B。第Ⅱ卷（非选择题40分）二、填空题（10小题，每小题3分，共计30分）1、[未知题型(5)]（汉译英）我们的政府已做好充分准备应付这个问题。(dealwith)答案:Ourgovernmentiswellpreparedtodealwiththeproblem．2、[未知题型(5)]单句改错。OnlyA(when)thewarwasoverB(theywere)abletomakeC(researches)D(on)thesubject．答案:B，werethey3、Mr.Clarkelivesatthefootofthemountain.Hekeepstheforestforarichfarmerthere.Theonlyroadtotheforestisjustinfrontofhishouse.Hecaneasilyseethepeoplewhowanttoentertheforest.Sometimeshehastobeondutyatnight.Whenhehearssomesound,hehastogetuptoseeifsomeonecutsthetrees.

Oneday,heboughtsomethinginthetown.Hefoundastrongdogandboughtit.Helovesitverymuchandoftengivessomemeatorbreadtoit.Andwhenastrangemanwalksclosetohis

house,itbarks(吠)loudly.Sohecansoonknowaboutitandgoesouttofindoutwhoitis.Butlastweek,somethingwaswrongwithMr.Clarke.Hedidn'tfeelwellandcouldn'tfallasleepintheevening.Hehadtogotoahospitalinthetown.Thedoctorlookedhimoverandthenasked,“Haveyougotadog,sir?”

“Yes,Ihavegotone.”

“Youhavegotaskindisease(皮肤病),”saidthedoctor.“Iamsureyourdoginfected(传染)ittoyou.Youcan'tcomeintouchwithitanylonger.”

Whenhecameoutofthehospital,hemetafriendandtoldhimaboutit.Themanasked,“Whatareyougoingtodo,tosellyourdogortogiveittoanotherman?”

“Neither,"answeredMr.Clarke,“Ihavedecidedtoseeanotherdoctor.It'smucheasiertofindadoctorthantobuyagooddog!”

Mr.Clarkegotaskindiseasefrom________A.thedoctorB.hisfriendsC.thethiefD.hisdog答案:D解析:根据文章内容，医生告诉Mr.Clarke他得了皮肤病，并且确定是他的狗传染给他的，因此Mr.Clarke是从他的狗那里得到的皮肤病。4、Mr.Clarkelivesatthefootofthemountain.Hekeepstheforestforarichfarmerthere.Theonlyroadtotheforestisjustinfrontofhishouse.Hecaneasilyseethepeoplewhowanttoentertheforest.Sometimeshehastobeondutyatnight.Whenhehearssomesound,hehastogetuptoseeifsomeonecutsthetrees.

Oneday,heboughtsomethinginthetown.Hefoundastrongdogandboughtit.Helovesitverymuchandoftengivessomemeatorbreadtoit.Andwhenastrangemanwalksclosetohis

house,itbarks(吠)loudly.Sohecansoonknowaboutitandgoesouttofindoutwhoitis.Butlastweek,somethingwaswrongwithMr.Clarke.Hedidn'tfeelwellandcouldn'tfallasleepintheevening.Hehadtogotoahospitalinthetown.Thedoctorlookedhimoverandthenasked,“Haveyougotadog,sir?”

“Yes,Ihavegotone.”

“Youhavegotaskindisease(皮肤病),”saidthedoctor.“Iamsureyourdoginfected(传染)ittoyou.Youcan'tcomeintouchwithitanylonger.”

Whenhecameoutofthehospital,hemetafriendandtoldhimaboutit.Themanasked,“Whatareyougoingtodo,tosellyourdogortogiveittoanotherman?”

“Neither,"answeredMr.Clarke,“Ihavedecidedtosee