英语基础词汇与句型练习合集

英语基础词汇与句型练习合集语言的基石在于词汇与句型，夯实基础是提升英语综合能力的第一步。本合集旨在通过系统性的练习，帮助学习者巩固核心词汇，掌握常用句型，为后续的听说读写能力提升奠定坚实基础。练习将注重实用性与场景化，避免孤立记忆，强调在运用中理解和掌握。一、基础词汇练习基础词汇是日常交流与阅读的核心。以下练习将围绕不同主题和词性展开，帮助学习者构建词汇网络。1.1高频核心名词(High-FrequencyCoreNouns)主题一：人物与职业(People&Occupations)*核心词汇：teacher,student,doctor,nurse,farmer,driver,friend,mother,father,child*练习1：看图识词(建议配合图片进行)*练习2：词汇匹配将左侧名词与右侧描述进行匹配：a.doctor1.someonewhoteachesinaschoolb.farmer2.someonewholooksaftersickpeopleinahospitalc.teacher3.someonewhoworksonafarm,growingfoodorkeepinganimals*练习3：造句练习用上述至少5个名词各造一个简单句。例如：Mymotherisanurse.主题二：日常食物与饮品(DailyFood&Drinks)*核心词汇：rice,bread,milk,egg,apple,banana,water,juice,meat,vegetable*练习1：分类将上述词汇分为"Food"和"Drinks"两类。*练习2：问答练习Whatisyourfavoritefood?Myfavoritefoodis_______.Doyoulikebananas?Yes,I_______./No,I_______.*练习1：词义连线run-吃eat-跑sleep-看see-睡觉*练习2：用动词的适当形式填空1.I_______(eat)breakfasteverymorning.2.She_______(read)abooknow.3.They_______(go)toschoolyesterday.1.2基础形容词与副词练习形容词(Adjectives)*核心词汇：big,small,tall,short,happy,sad,good,bad,new,old,red,blue,fast,slow*练习1：描述图片(假设有一张图片，内含多种事物)例如：Theelephantisbig.Thebirdissmall.*练习2：反义词配对big-slowfast-smallhappy-oldnew-sad副词(Adverbs)*核心词汇：quickly,slowly,happily,sadly,well,badly,very,too,often,sometimes*练习1：选择合适的副词填空1.Heruns_______(quick/quickly).2.Shesings_______(good/well).3.They_______(often/very)gototheparkonSundays.二、基础句型练习掌握基本句型结构是进行英语表达的关键。以下将从最简单的句型入手，逐步过渡到更复杂的表达。2.1基本句型(BasicSentencePatterns)句型一：主语+系动词+表语(S+LinkingVerb+Predicative)*例句：Iamastudent.Sheishappy.Theflowerslookbeautiful.Thisfeelssoft.*练习：根据提示完成句子。1.He_______(be)ateacher.2.They_______(be)happytoday.3.Theapple_______(look)red.句型二：主语+谓语(不及物动词)(S+Vi)*例句：Thesunrises.Birdssing.Heruns.*练习：用所给动词造句。(run,jump,laugh,cry)句型三：主语+谓语(及物动词)+宾语(S+Vt+O)*例句：Ilikeapples.Shereadsbooks.Theyplayfootball.*练习：用所给单词组合成正确的句子。1.eats/He/bananas2.We/TV/watch句型四：主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语(S+Vt+IO+DO)*例句：Mymothergivesmeagift.(me间接宾语,agift直接宾语)HeteachesusEnglish.(us间接宾语,English直接宾语)*练习：转换句子。例如：Shegivesabooktome.→Shegivesmeabook.1.Hesendsalettertohisfather.→Hesends_____________________.句型五：主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语(S+Vt+O+OC)*例句：WecallherLucy.Theymadetheroomclean.*练习：识别句子中的宾语补足语。1.Ifindthestoryinteresting.(OC:_______)2.2功能性句型(FunctionalSentencePatterns)询问与回答(AskingandAnsweringQuestions)*一般疑问句(Yes/NoQuestions):Areyouastudent?Yes,Iam./No,Iamnot.Doyoulikecoffee?Yes,Ido./No,Idon't.Canyouswim?Yes,Ican./No,Ican't.*特殊疑问句(Wh-Questions):Whatisyourname?MynameisTom.Howoldareyou?Iamtwenty.Wheredoyoulive?IliveinBeijing.Whenisyourbirthday?MybirthdayisinJune.Whyareyouhappy?BecauseIgotapresent.Howdoyougotoschool?Igotoschoolbybus.*练习：根据答语写出问句。1._______?IamfromChina.2._______?Sheistenyearsold.表达存在(ExpressingExistence:Therebe)*例句：Thereisabookonthedesk.Therearetwocatsunderthechair.Isthereaparknearhere?Yes,thereis./No,thereisn't.Arethereanyapplesinthefridge?Yes,thereare./No,therearen't.*练习：用"therebe"的适当形式填空。1._______apeninmybag.2._______threebooksontheshelf.描述喜好与厌恶(ExpressingLikesandDislikes)*例句：Ilikeswimming.Shedoesn'tlikespicyfood.Heenjoysreadingnovels.Theyhategettingupearly.*练习：写出3个你喜欢做的事情和2个你不喜欢做的事情。三、综合练习与应用3.1词汇与句型结合练习短文填空：阅读下面短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。(box,is,a,pen,on,desk,red)Look!Thisismy_______.There_______a_______onit.Thepenis_______.Thereisalsoa______________thedesk.看图写话：(假设有一幅简单的图片，例如：一个男孩在公园里放风筝)根据图片内容，用5-8句话描述你所看到的情景。提示词：boy,park,fly,kite,happy,sky,run3.2日常情景对话练习情景一：问候与告别(GreetingsandFarewells)A:Goodmorning!B:_______!A:Howareyou?B:_______,thankyou.Andyou?A:I'mfine,too.Goodbye!B:_______!情景二：点餐(OrderingFood)Waiter:CanIhelpyou?Customer:Yes,please.I'dlike_______(例如：ahamburgerandaglassofjuice).Waiter:Anythingelse?Customer:No,_______.Waiter:OK.Hereyouare.Customer:Thankyou.四、学习建议1.坚持每日积累：词汇和句型的学习非一日之功，每天安排固定时间进行复习和练习，积少成多。2.在语境中学习：不要孤立地背单词和句型，尽量结合例句、短文或实际对话