2025年考研英语（一）阅读理解备考策略：真题阅读理解冲刺试卷

2025年考研英语（一）阅读理解备考策略：真题阅读理解冲刺试卷考试时间：______分钟总分：______分姓名：______模拟试卷PartOneReadingComprehensionDirections:Thereare4passagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageOneTherapidpaceoftechnologicalchangeinthelate20thcenturyhashadaprofoundimpactonthenatureofworkandtheorganizationofwork.Oneofthemostsignificantchangeshasbeentheshiftfromindustrialproductiontoservice-basedeconomiesinmostdevelopedcountries.Thisshifthasbeenaccompaniedbyatransformationinthetypesofskillsthatareindemand.Whilemanualskillshavedeclinedinimportance,therehasbeenagrowingneedforcognitiveandinterpersonalskills.Theabilitytoprocessinformation,solveproblems,andworkeffectivelywithothershasbecomeessentialforsuccessinthemodernworkplace.Atthesametime,thenatureofworkitselfhasbeenchanging.Thetraditionalhierarchicalstructureoftheorganization,withitsclearlinesofauthorityandspecialization,isgivingwaytomoreflexibleanddecentralizedformsoforganization.Teamsarebecomingincreasinglyimportant,andworkersareexpectedtotakeonawiderrangeofresponsibilities.Thisshiftrequiresadifferentsetofskillsandattitudesfromworkers.Theyneedtobemoreadaptable,self-motivated,andabletoworkcollaborativelywithothers.Thesechangeshaveimportantimplicationsforeducationandtraining.Thefocusofeducationneedstoshiftfromthememorizationoffactstothedevelopmentofhigher-orderthinkingskills.Schoolsanduniversitiesneedtoteachstudentshowtolearn,howtosolveproblems,andhowtoworkeffectivelywithothers.Inaddition,thereisaneedforlifelonglearningopportunitiesthatallowworkerstoupdatetheirskillsandknowledgeonacontinuousbasis.Questions:1.Whatisthemaintopicofthepassage?2.Accordingtothepassage,whatskillshavebecomemoreimportantinthemodernworkplace?3.Whatistheeffectoftheshiftfromhierarchicaltomoreflexibleorganizations?4.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestabouttheroleofeducationinthecontextoftechnologicalchange?PassageTwoTheinternethasrevolutionizedthewayweaccessandshareinformation.Ithasmadeitpossibleforpeoplearoundtheworldtoconnectwitheachotherinstantlyandhascreatedavastarrayofnewopportunitiesforlearning,commerce,andcommunication.However,theinternethasalsocreatednewchallengesandrisks.Theeasewithwhichinformationcanbesharedhasalsomadeitpossibleformisinformationanddisinformationtospreadrapidly.Thiscanhaveseriousconsequences,particularlyinareassuchaspublichealthandpolitics.Anotherchallengeistheissueofprivacy.Theinternetcollectsvastamountsofdataaboutouronlineactivities,anditisnotalwaysclearhowthisdataisbeingused.Thereareconcernsaboutthepotentialforthisdatatobemisusedbycorporationsorgovernments.Additionally,theinternethascreatednewopportunitiesforcybercrime.Hackerscanexploitvulnerabilitiesincomputersystemstostealpersonalinformationordisrupttheoperationsofbusinessesandgovernments.Despitethesechallenges,theinternetremainsapowerfultoolforgood.Ithasthepotentialtoconnectpeople,promoteunderstanding,andcreateneweconomicopportunities.Thekeyistodevelopwaystomitigatetherisksandmaximizethebenefits.Thisrequiresacombinationoftechnicalsolutions,suchasbettercybersecuritymeasures,andsocialsolutions,suchasgreaterdigitalliteracyandawarenessofthepotentialdangersoftheinternet.Questions:5.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?6.Whataresomeoftherisksassociatedwiththeinternet?7.Howcantherisksassociatedwiththeinternetbemitigated?8.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestisthekeytomaximizingthebenefitsoftheinternet?PassageThreeTheconceptofsustainabledevelopmenthasgainedincreasingattentioninrecentyears.Itreferstothedevelopmentofeconomic,social,andenvironmentalsystemsinawaythatmeetstheneedsofthepresentwithoutcompromisingtheabilityoffuturegenerationstomeettheirownneeds.ThisconceptrecognizesthattheEarth'sresourcesarefiniteandthatweneedtousethemwiselyifwearetoensureahealthyplanetforfuturegenerations.Therearethreemainpillarsofsustainabledevelopment:economicdevelopment,socialdevelopment,andenvironmentalprotection.Economicdevelopmentinvolvescreatingjobs,increasingincome,andreducingpoverty.Socialdevelopmentinvolvesimprovingeducation,healthcare,andsocialequity.Environmentalprotectioninvolvesconservingnaturalresources,reducingpollution,andmitigatingclimatechange.Achievingsustainabledevelopmentrequiresacoordinatedapproachthatinvolvesgovernments,businesses,andindividuals.Governmentsneedtocreatepoliciesthatencouragesustainablepractices,suchasinvestinginrenewableenergyandpromotingpublictransportation.Businessesneedtoadoptsustainablepracticesintheiroperations,suchasreducingwasteandusingenvironmentallyfriendlymaterials.Individualsneedtomakemoresustainablechoicesintheirdailylives,suchasreducingtheirconsumptionandusingpublictransportation.Questions:9.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?10.Whatarethethreepillarsofsustainabledevelopment?11.Whatroledogovernmentsplayinachievingsustainabledevelopment?12.Whatchoicescanindividualsmaketocontributetosustainabledevelopment?PassageFourTheriseofsocialmediahashadaprofoundimpactonthewaywecommunicateandinteractwitheachother.Socialmediaplatformsallowustoconnectwithfriendsandfamily,shareinformation,andparticipateinsocialandpoliticaldiscourse.However,theriseofsocialmediahasalsocreatednewchallengesandrisks.Oneofthemostsignificantchallengesistheissueofsocialisolation.Whilesocialmediaallowsustoconnectwithpeopleonline,itcanalsoleadtoincreasedfeelingsoflonelinessandisolation.Thisisbecauseonlineinteractionsareoftenlessmeaningfulandfulfillingthanface-to-faceinteractions.Additionally,socialmediacancreateanenvironmentofcomparisonandcompetition,aspeopletendtopresentanidealizedversionofthemselvesonline.Anotherchallengeistheissueoffakenewsandpropaganda.Socialmediaplatformsareoftenusedtospreadmisinformationanddisinformation,whichcanhaveseriousconsequencesforindividualsandsociety.Thealgorithmsthatpowersocialmediaplatformscanalsocreateechochambers,wherepeopleareonlyexposedtoinformationthatconfirmstheirexistingbeliefs.Despitethesechallenges,socialmediacanalsobeaforceforgood.Itcanbeusedtoconnectpeople,promotesocialawareness,andfacilitatesocialandpoliticalchange.Thekeyistousesocialmediaresponsiblyandcritically.Thisrequiresdevelopingmedialiteracyskillsandbeingawareofthepotentialdangersofsocialmedia.Questions:13.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?14.Whataresomeofthenegativeeffectsofsocialmedia?15.Howcansocialmediabeusedforgood?16.Whatskillsareneededtousesocialmediaresponsibly?PartTwoTranslationDirections:PutthefollowingpassageintoEnglish.WriteyourtranslationonAnswerSheet2.中国改革开放以来，经济快速发展，人民生活水平显著提高。然而，在经济发展的同时，也面临着一些挑战，如环境污染、资源短缺等。为了实现可持续发展，中国政府采取了一系列措施，包括发展绿色经济、推广清洁能源、加强环境保护等。这些措施不仅有助于改善环境质量，也有助于促进经济社会的可持续发展。PartThreeWritingDirections:Writeanessayof160-200wordsonthetopic"TheImportanceofLifelongLearning".YoushouldwriteneatlyonAnswerSheet2.Donotwritethetopicontheanswersheet.---END---试卷答案PartOneReadingComprehensionQuestions:1.C解析思路:文章首段指出技术变革对工作和组织的影响，第二段讨论技能需求的变化，第三段探讨工作性质的变化，第四段谈论教育和培训的相应变化。全文围绕技术变革对工作、技能、组织、教育等方面产生的影响展开，因此C选项“技术变革对工作及社会各方面的影响”最能概括主旨。A选项“工作技能的需求变化”只是文章部分内容。B选项“组织结构的转变”也是部分内容。D选项“教育体系的改革”同样是部分内容。2.D解析思路:根据第二段“Whilemanualskillshavedeclinedinimportance,therehasbeenagrowingneedforcognitiveandinterpersonalskills.”可知，随着体力技能重要性下降，认知技能和人际交往技能的需求日益增长。文章强调的是认知技能和人际交往技能的重要性提升。A选项“体力技能”与原文相反。B选项“沟通能力”是认知技能的一部分，但不够全面。C选项“团队合作能力”是人际交往技能的一部分，但也不够全面。D选项“认知技能和人际交往技能”最能准确反映原文信息。3.A解析思路:根据第二段“thetraditionalhierarchicalstructureoftheorganization,withitsclearlinesofauthorityandspecialization,isgivingwaytomoreflexibleanddecentralizedformsoforganization.”以及“Teamsarebecomingincreasinglyimportant,andworkersareexpectedtotakeonawiderrangeofresponsibilities.”可知，传统的等级制组织结构正在让位于更灵活、更分散的组织形式，团队的重要性日益增加，员工被期望承担更广泛的责任。这表明组织结构变得更加灵活和去中心化。B选项“员工责任增加”是结果，不是直接效果。C选项“工作流程更加高效”未在文中提及。D选项“组织更加扁平化”是灵活和去中心化的具体表现，但A选项“组织结构变得更加灵活和去中心化”更全面地概括了效果。4.B解析思路:根据第三段“thefocusofeducationneedstoshiftfromthememorizationoffactstothedevelopmentofhigher-orderthinkingskills.”以及“Theschoolsanduniversitiesneedtoteachstudentshowtolearn,howtosolveproblems,andhowtoworkeffectivelywithothers.”可知，教育的重点需要从记忆事实转向培养高阶思维技能，学校需要教会学生如何学习、如何解决问题以及如何与他人有效合作。这表明教育需要培养学生的学习能力、解决问题的能力和协作能力。A选项“教育应注重基础知识传授”与原文相反。C选项“教育应与经济需求脱钩”未在文中提及。D选项“教育应强调应试技巧”未在文中提及。5.C解析思路:文章首段指出互联网改变了我们获取和分享信息的方式，带来了新的机遇和挑战。第二段详细阐述了互联网带来的挑战，如虚假信息的传播和隐私问题。第三段提出应对这些挑战的方案，并强调互联网的积极作用。文章重点在于讨论互联网的利弊以及如何应对其带来的挑战，因此C选项“互联网带来的机遇与挑战”最能概括主旨。A选项“互联网的积极作用”只是文章部分内容。B选项“互联网带来的风险”也是部分内容。D选项“互联网的使用技巧”未在文中提及。6.B解析思路:根据第二段“misinformationanddisinformationtospreadrapidly.Thiscanhaveseriousconsequences,particularlyinareassuchaspublichealthandpolitics.”可知，虚假信息和错误信息会迅速传播，在公共卫生和政治领域可能造成严重后果。根据第二段“theissueofprivacy.Theinternetcollectsvastamountsofdataaboutouronlineactivities,anditisnotalwaysclearhowthisdataisbeingused.”可知，隐私问题是另一个挑战，互联网收集大量关于我们在线活动的数据，而使用方式并不总是很清楚。根据第二段“Additionally,theinternethascreatednewopportunitiesforcybercrime.Hackerscanexploitvulnerabilitiesincomputersystemstostealpersonalinformationordisrupttheoperationsofbusinessesandgovernments.”可知，互联网也创造了网络犯罪的新机会，黑客可以利用计算机系统中的漏洞来窃取个人信息或破坏企业和政府的运营。因此，B选项“虚假信息传播、隐私问题和网络犯罪”最能概括互联网带来的风险。7.A解析思路:根据第三段“Technicalsolutions,suchasbettercybersecuritymeasures”可知，技术解决方案，例如更好的网络安全措施，可以缓解风险。根据第三段“Socialsolutions,suchasgreaterdigitalliteracyandawarenessofthepotentialdangersoftheinternet”可知，社会解决方案，例如更高的数字素养和对互联网潜在危险的意识，也可以缓解风险。A选项“技术解决方案和社会解决方案”包含了原文提到的两种缓解风险的方式，因此是最准确的答案。B选项“政府监管和个人责任”部分正确。C选项“提高网络速度和扩大覆盖范围”未在文中提及。D选项“限制互联网使用”过于极端。8.D解析思路:根据第三段“Developingmedialiteracyskillsandbeingawareofthepotentialdangersoftheinternet”可知，发展媒体素养技能和对互联网潜在危险的意识是最大化互联网好处的关键。这意味着我们需要具备辨别信息真伪的能力，并意识到使用互联网的风险。D选项“发展媒体素养技能和对互联网潜在危险的意识”最能准确反映原文信息。A选项“使用更安全的网络”只是技术层面。B选项“连接更多的人”是互联网的好处，不是关键。C选项“创造更多的互联网内容”不是最大化好处的关键。9.C解析思路:文章首段定义了可持续发展，即在不损害后代满足其需求的能力的前提下满足当代人的需求。第二段介绍了可持续发展的三个支柱：经济发展、社会发展和环境保护。第三段讨论了实现可持续发展需要政府、企业和个人共同努力。文章重点在于阐述可持续发展的概念、内容和实现途径，因此C选项“可持续发展的概念、内容和实现途径”最能概括主旨。A选项“环境保护的重要性”只是文章部分内容。B选项“经济发展的必要性”也是部分内容。D选项“社会发展的目标”同样是部分内容。10.B解析思路:根据第二段“economicdevelopment,socialdevelopment,andenvironmentalprotection”可知，可持续发展的三个支柱是经济发展、社会发展和环境保护。因此B选项“经济发展、社会发展和环境保护”是正确答案。A选项“经济增长、社会和谐和环境友好”部分正确。C选项“经济发展、社会进步和环境可持续”部分正确。D选项“经济增长、社会公平和生态平衡”部分正确。11.A解析思路:根据第三段“Governmentsneedtocreatepoliciesthatencouragesustainablepractices,suchasinvestinginrenewableenergyandpromotingpublictransportation.”可知，政府需要制定鼓励可持续实践的政策，例如投资可再生能源和推广公共交通。这表明政府在实现可持续发展中扮演着制定政策、鼓励可持续实践的角色。B选项“提供资金支持”是政府角色的一部分，但不是全部。C选项“监督企业行为”也是政府角色的一部分，但不是全部。D选项“组织社区活动”未在文中提及。12.D解析思路:根据第三段“Individualsneedtomakemoresustainablechoicesintheirdailylives,suchasreducingtheirconsumptionandusingpublictransportation.”可知，个人需要在他们日常生活中做出更可持续的选择，例如减少消费和使用公共交通。这表明个人可以通过减少消费、使用公共交通等方式为可持续发展做出贡献。A选项“种植树木”是环保行为，但未在文中提及。B选项“参与环保活动”是环保行为，但未在文中提及。C选项“购买环保产品”是环保行为，但未在文中提及。13.D解析思路:文章首段指出社交媒体改变了我们的沟通和互动方式，带来了新的机遇和挑战。第二段详细阐述了社交媒体带来的负面影响，如社会隔离和虚假新闻。第三段提出应对这些挑战的方案，并强调社交媒体的积极作用。第四段总结认为，负责任和批判性地使用社交媒体是关键。文章重点在于讨论社交媒体的利弊以及如何负责任地使用它，因此D选项“负责任和批判性地使用社交媒体”最能概括主旨。A选项“社交媒体的负面影响”只是文章部分内容。B选项“社交媒体的积极作用”也是部分内容。C选项“社交媒体带来的挑战”也是部分内容。14.A解析思路:根据第二段“Whilesocialmediaallowsustoconnectwithpeopleonline,itcanalsoleadtoincreasedfeelingsoflonelinessandisolation.Thisisbecauseonlineinteractionsareoftenlessmeaningfulandfulfillingthanface-to-faceinteractions.”可知，社交媒体虽然让我们能够在线上与人联系，但也可能导致更多的孤独感和隔离感，因为在线互动往往不如面对面互动有意义和令人满足。根据第二段“socialmediacancreateanenvironmentofcomparisonandcompetition,aspeopletendtopresentanidealizedversionofthemselvesonline.”可知，社交媒体可以创造一种比较和竞争的环境，因为人们倾向于在网上展示自己理想化的形象。因此，A选项“社会隔离和自我呈现的理想化”最能概括社交媒体带来的负面影响。15.B解析思路:根据第四段“Socialmediacanalsobeaforceforgood.Itcanbeusedtoconnectpeople,promotesocialawareness,andfacilitatesocialandpoliticalchange.”可知，社交媒体也可以成为一股好的力量，它可以用来连接人们、提高社会意识、促进社会和政治变革。这表明社交媒体可以用来促进社会连接、提高意识和社会变革。B选项“促进社会连接、提高意识和社会变革”包含了原文提到的社交媒体的积极作用。A选项“创造经济利益”未在文中提及。C选项“增强个人影响力”未在文中提及。D选项“改善人际关系”只是部分作用。16.A解析思路:根据第四段“Developingmedialiteracyskillsandbeingawareofthepotentialdangersoftheinternet”可知，发展媒体素养技能和对互联网潜在危险的意识是负责任地使用社交媒体的关键。这意味着我们需要具备辨别信息真伪、理解媒体运作方式的能力，并意识到使用社交媒体可能带来的风险。A选项“发展媒体素养技能和对互联网潜在危险的意识”最能准确反映原文信息。B选项“提高网络速度”未在文中提及。C选项“增加社交互动”是社交媒体的功能，不是技能。D选项“学习编程技能”未在文中提及。PartTwoTranslationTherapideconomicdevelopmentsinceChina'sreformandopening-uphassignificantlyimprovedpeople'slivingstandards.However,alongsideeconomicgrowth,thecountryalsofaceschallengessuchasenvironmentalpollutionandresourcescarcity.Toachievesustainabledevelopment,theChinesegovernmenthasimplementedaseriesofmeasures,includingpromotinggreeneconomy,advancingcleanenergy,andstrengtheningenvironmentalprotection.Thesemeasuresnotonlycontributetoimprovingenvironmentalqualitybutalsofacilitatethesustainabledevelopmentoftheeconomyandsociety.PartThreeWritingTheImportanceofLifelongLearningIntoday'srapidlychangingworld,lifelonglearninghasbecomeincreasinglycrucialforindividualstoadaptandthrive.Itreferstothecontinuousprocessofacquiringnewknowledge,skills,andcompetenciesthroughoutone'slife.Thisconceptgoesbeyondformaleducationandencompassesvariouslearningexperiences,bothinsideandoutsidetheclassroom.Firstly,lifelonglearningenablesindividualstokeeppacewiththeever-evolvingdemandsofthejobmarket.Withtechnologicaladvancementsandglobalization,theskillsrequiredforvariousp