2025年英语专业专升本专项模拟试卷含答案

2025年英语专业专升本专项模拟试卷含答案考试时间：______分钟总分：______分姓名：______一、阅读理解阅读下列短文，从每篇短文后面所给的四个选项中，选出可以填入相应空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Therapiddevelopmentofartificialintelligence(AI)hasbeenahottopicinrecentyears.Itistransformingvariousindustries,fromhealthcaretotransportation,andisexpectedtobringaboutevenmoresignificantchangesinthefuture.However,alongsidetheseadvancementscomeconcernsaboutjobdisplacementandethicalimplications.OneofthemostdebatedissuesiswhetherAIwillultimatelyreplacehumanworkersonalargescale.ProponentsofAIarguethatitwillprimarilyaugmenthumancapabilitiesratherthanreplacethem.TheypointoutthatAIcanhandlerepetitiveanddangeroustasks,allowinghumanstofocusonmorecreativeandcomplexproblem-solving.Forinstance,inmanufacturing,robotscanoperatemachinery,buthumanworkersarestillneededtodesign,maintain,andoverseetheproductionprocess.Additionally,AIcanassistindiagnosingdiseasesbyanalyzingmedicalimagesmorequicklyandaccuratelythanhumans,therebyimprovingpatientoutcomes.Thistechnologycanfreeuphealthcareprofessionalstoconcentrateonmoreintricatetreatmentsandpatientcare.Ontheotherhand,criticswarnthatAIcouldleadtowidespreadunemployment.Theyarguethatmanyjobscurrentlyperformedbyhumans,especiallythoseinvolvingdataprocessingandroutinedecision-making,couldbeautomated.Forexample,AI-poweredchatbotsarealreadyreplacinghumancustomerservicerepresentativesinmanycompanies.Similarly,self-drivingcarscouldeliminatetheneedforprofessionaldrivers.Thispotentialdisplacementofworkersposesasignificantchallengetosociety,asitmayleadtoincreasedinequalityandeconomichardshipforthosewhosejobsareautomated.Moreover,theethicalconcernssurroundingAIaresubstantial.Issuessuchasdataprivacy,algorithmicbias,andthepotentialformisuseofAItechnologyareraisingquestionsaboutitsregulationandgovernance.Forinstance,ifAIsystemsaretrainedonbiaseddata,theymayperpetuateexistinginequalities.TherearealsoconcernsabouthowAImightbeusedinsurveillanceorwarfare,whichcouldhaveprofoundimplicationsforhumanrightsandglobalsecurity.Despitethesechallenges,thefutureofAIseemsinevitable.Thekeywillbetoharnessitspotentialwhilemitigatingitsrisks.Thisrequirescollaborationbetweengovernments,businesses,andacademiatodevelopethicalguidelines,investineducationandretrainingprograms,andcreatepoliciesthatensurethebenefitsofAIaresharedequitably.Bydoingso,societycannavigatethetransitiontoanAI-drivenfutureinawaythatmaximizesbenefitsandminimizesharm.1.Whatisthemaintopicofthepassage?A.ThebenefitsofAIinhealthcare.B.ThepotentialimpactofAIonemployment.C.TheethicalconcernsofusingAIinwarfare.D.TheroleofhumansinanAI-poweredworkforce.2.AccordingtoproponentsofAI,whatwillbetheprimaryeffectofAIonhumanworkers?A.Itwilleliminatemanyjobs,leadingtounemployment.B.Itwillenhancehumancreativityandproblem-solvingskills.C.Itwillforcehumanstolearncompletelynewskills.D.Itwillreducetheneedforhumanoversightinindustries.3.WhichofthefollowingisanexampleofAIaugmentinghumancapabilities?A.AI-poweredchatbotsreplacinghumancustomerservicerepresentatives.B.AIsystemsdiagnosingdiseasesmoreaccuratelythanhumans.C.Self-drivingcarseliminatingtheneedforprofessionaldrivers.D.Robotsperformingrepetitiveanddangeroustasksinmanufacturing.4.WhatisoneofthemajorethicalconcernsmentionedinthepassageregardingAI?A.ThehighcostofdevelopingAItechnology.B.ThepotentialforAIsystemstobebiasedbasedontrainingdata.C.ThelackofjobopportunitiesforAIengineers.D.ThedifficultyofregulatingAIininternationalmarkets.5.WhatdoesthepassagesuggestisnecessaryforsocietytomanagethetransitiontoanAI-drivenfuture?A.ReducingtheuseofAIinsensitiveareaslikehealthcare.B.IncreasinggovernmentspendingonAIresearch.C.Developingethicalguidelinesandinvestingineducation.D.EncouragingbusinessestofocusonAIdevelopmentalone.二、完形填空阅读下面的短文，文中有十个空白，每个空白有四个选项。根据上下文的要求，选出能填入相应空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Theinternethasrevolutionizedthewayweaccessinformationandcommunicatewithothers.Forstudents,thismeansunprecedentedopportunitiesforlearningandcollaboration.However,thedigitalagealsopresentsuniquechallengesthatrequirecarefulnavigation.Oneofthemostsignificantchallengesisthe(6)ofcredibleinformationamidstaseaofonlinecontent.Whiletheinternetoffersawealthofresources,italso(7)misinformationandfakenews,whichcan(8)students'abilitytodiscernfactfromfiction.Furthermore,the(9)ofsocialmediaandinstantmessaginghaschangedthedynamicsofstudentinteractions.Whiletheseplatformsfacilitatecommunicationandallowstudentstoconnectwithpeersfromaroundtheworld,theyalso(10)theriskofdistractionandreducedface-to-faceengagement.Manystudentsfindthemselvesconstantlycheckingtheirphones,(11)theirattentionspansandacademicperformance.Anotherchallengeisthepressuretomaintainanonlinepresence.Intoday'sdigitalworld,havingastrongsocialmediaprofileisoften(12)tosuccess,whetheritbeinacademic,professional,orsocialcontexts.Thiscanleadtoanxietyandstressasstudentsfeeltheneedtocuratetheironlinepersonasandpresentaperfectimagetotheworld.(13),thecomparisonculturefosteredbysocialmediacanmakestudentsfeelinadequateandlessconfidentintheirownabilities.Despitethesechallenges,theinternetremainsapowerfultoolforeducationandpersonalgrowth.(14),itisessentialforstudentstodevelopdigitalliteracyskillsthatenablethemtocriticallyevaluateonlinecontent,managetheirtimeeffectively,andmaintainahealthybalancebetweentheironlineandofflinelives.Bydoingso,theycanharnessthefullpotentialofthedigitalagewhileminimizingitsnegativeimpacts.6.A.abundanceB.scarcityC.qualityD.accessibility7.A.generatesB.filtersC.suppressesD.validates8.A.enhancesB.underminesC.supportsD.reinforces9.A.prevalenceB.declineC.absenceD.modification10.A.increasesB.decreasesC.eliminatesD.reduces11.A.thusB.howeverC.consequentlyD.therefore12.A.beneficialB.detrimentalC.necessaryD.optional13.A.MoreoverB.HoweverC.NeverthelessD.Therefore14.A.ThereforeB.MoreoverC.ConsequentlyD.Despite三、语法填空下面短文中有十个空白，每个空白有四个选项。根据上下文的要求，用括号中单词的正确形式填空，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Theglobalclimatecrisisisoneofthemostpressingissuesofourtime.Risingtemperatures,meltingicecaps,andextremeweathereventsarebecomingincreasinglycommon,posingaseriousthreattoecosystemsandhumansocietiesworldwide.Manyscientistsbelievethathumanactivities,particularlytheburningoffossilfuelsanddeforestation,aretheprimary(15)forthesechanges.Ifwedonottakeimmediateaction,theconsequencescouldbecatastrophic.Oneofthemosteffectivewaystocombatclimatechangeistoreduceourrelianceonfossilfuels.Transitioningtorenewableenergysourcessuchassolar,wind,andhydroelectricpowercansignificantly(16)greenhousegasemissions.Governmentsaroundtheworldareimplementingpoliciestoencouragetheadoptionofrenewableenergy,offeringincentivestobusinessesandindividualswhoinvestingreentechnologies.Forexample,manycountrieshavesetambitioustargetsforreducingcarbonemissionsandareworkingtophaseoutcoal-poweredplants.Anothercrucialstepistopromotesustainablepracticesinagricultureandforestry.Deforestationcontributessignificantlytoclimatechange,astreesplayavitalroleinabsorbingcarbondioxidefromtheatmosphere.(17),plantingnewtreesandprotectingexistingforestscanhelpmitigatetheeffectsofglobalwarming.Inaddition,adoptingsustainablefarmingmethodscanreducemethaneemissionsfromlivestockandimprovesoilhealth,whichinturncansequestermorecarbon.Individualactionsalsoplayavitalroleinaddressingtheclimatecrisis.Simplelifestylechanges,suchasreducingenergyconsumption,usingpublictransportation,andminimizingwaste,canmakeasignificantdifferencewhen(18)bymillionsofpeople.Moreover,raisingawarenessabouttheissueandadvocatingforpolicychangescanhelpdrivebroadersocietalchange.Thefightagainstclimatechangeisaglobalchallengethatrequirescollectiveeffort.(19)allsectorsofsociety—governments,businesses,communities,andindividuals—mustworktogethertoreduceemissions,protectnaturalresources,andtransitiontoamoresustainablefuture.Only(20)wecanhopetocreateahealthierplanetforfuturegenerations.15.A.reasonsB.causesC.factorsD.effects16.A.decreaseB.increaseC.maintainD.stabilize17.A.ThereforeB.MoreoverC.HoweverD.Otherwise18.A.takenB.takingC.totakeD.take19.A.ThroughoutB.WithinC.AmongD.Between20.A.doingB.doneC.doD.todo四、翻译将下列短文中的划线部分翻译成汉语。Therapidadvancementoftechnologyhastransformedthewaywelive,work,andinteractwitheachother.Fromsmartphonestoartificialintelligence,newinnovationsareconstantlyemerging,reshapingindustriesandsocietalnorms.Whiletheseadvancementsoffernumerousbenefits,theyalsoraiseethicalquestionsthatneedtobecarefullyconsidered.Oneofthemostsignificantethicalconcernsistheimpactoftechnologyonprivacy.Withtheproliferationofdigitaldevicesandonlineplatforms,personaldataisbeingcollectedandanalyzedatanunprecedentedscale.Thisraisesconcernsaboutsurveillance,datasecurity,andthepotentialmisuseofpersonalinformation.Forinstance,companiesmayuseconsumerdatafortargetedadvertising,whilegovernmentsmightemploysurveillancetechnologiestomonitorcitizens.Thesepracticescaninfringeonindividualprivacyandcreateasenseofinsecurityamongthepopulation.Anotherethicalissueisthepotentialfortechnologytoexacerbatesocialinequalities.Whiletechnologycanprovideopportunitiesforeducation,employment,andcommunication,itcanalsocreatebarriersforthosewholackaccesstotheseresources.Thedigitaldivide,whichreferstothegapbetweenthosewhohaveaccesstotechnologyandthosewhodonot,canperpetuateexistinginequalitiesintermsofincome,education,andsocialmobility.Forexample,individualslivinginremoteareasordevelopingcountriesmayhavelimitedaccesstotheinternetanddigitaltools,therebyhinderingtheireconomicandsocialdevelopment.Furthermore,thedevelopmentofautonomoustechnologies,suchasself-drivingcarsanddrones,raisesethicalquestionsaboutaccountabilityandresponsibility.Ifaself-drivingcarcausesanaccident,whoisresponsible—themanufacturer,theprogrammer,ortheowner?Thesetechnologiesinvolvecomplexdecision-makingprocesses,anditisunclearhowtoassignliabilityintheeventofanerrorormalfunction.Addressingtheseethicalchallengesrequirescarefulconsiderationandthedevelopmentofrobustlegalandregulatoryframeworks.Inconclusion,whiletechnologyoffersnumerousbenefits,italsopresentsethicalchallengesthatneedtobeaddressed.Societymustengageinthoughtfuldiscussionsanddevelopguidelinestoensurethattechnologyisusedresponsiblyandequitably.Bydoingso,wecanharnessthepoweroftechnologytoimproveourliveswhileminimizingitspotentialharms.五、写作假设你是李华，你的学校计划举办一场以“TechnologyandSociety”为主题的英语演讲比赛。请根据以下要点，写一篇演讲稿，准备在比赛中发言。1.Brieflyintroducethetopicanditsimportance.2.Discussthepositiveimpactsoftechnologyonsociety,suchasconvenience,communication,andinnovation.3.Mentionsomenegativeimpacts,likedependencyandsocialisolation.4.Offeryoursuggestionsonhowtousetechnologywiselyandbalanceitsbenefitsanddrawbacks.5.Concludewithacalltoactiontoembracetechnologybutstayhuman.Ladiesandgentlemen,[Yourspeechhere]试卷答案一、阅读理解1.B解析思路：文章首段提出AI发展迅速及其带来的变化和担忧，第二段开始讨论AI与人类工作的关系，第三段深入探讨AI可能导致大规模失业的问题，第四段论述AI的伦理问题。全文核心围绕AI对就业市场的影响展开，故B项“对就业的影响”最符合主旨。2.B解析思路：第二段明确指出，支持者认为AI将“augmenthumancapabilitiesratherthanreplacethem”（增强而非取代人类能力），并举例说明AI辅助人类完成更复杂的工作。B项“增强人类创造力和解决问题能力”与原文观点一致。3.B解析思路：第二段提到“AIcanassistindiagnosingdiseasesbyanalyzingmedicalimagesmorequicklyandaccuratelythanhumans,therebyimprovingpatientoutcomes”（AI通过分析医学影像，比人类更快更准确地诊断疾病），这体现了AI辅助医生进行更复杂的医疗工作，提升了医疗水平，属于增强人类能力。其他选项均为AI取代人类工作的例子。4.B解析思路：第四段明确提到“issuessuchasdataprivacy,algorithmicbias,andthepotentialformisuseofAItechnologyareraisingquestions”（数据隐私、算法偏见以及AI技术被滥用的可能性等问题引发了疑问），其中“algorithmicbias”（算法偏见）是具体的伦理担忧，指AI系统可能因训练数据有偏见而做出不公平或歧视性的判断。5.C解析思路：最后一段指出，要应对AI带来的挑战，“requirescollaborationbetweengovernments,businesses,andacademiatodevelopethicalguidelines,investineducationandretrainingprograms,andcreatepoliciesthatensurethebenefitsofAIaresharedequitably”（需要政府、企业和学术界合作，制定伦理准则、投资教育和再培训计划，并制定政策确保AI的益处公平共享）。C项“制定伦理准则和投资教育”概括了这些措施。二、完形填空6.A解析思路：空格所在句“Theinternethasrevolutionized...andisexpectedtobringaboutevenmoresignificantchanges...”以及“however,alongsidetheseadvancementscomeconcernsaboutjobdisplacementandethicalimplications”（然而，伴随着这些进步而来的是对工作流失和伦理问题的担忧）表明，互联网带来了大量信息，即信息的“丰富”或“充足”。abundanceof（丰富的）符合语境。7.A解析思路：空格所在句“Whiletheinternetoffersawealthofresources,italso...misinformationandfakenews”（虽然互联网提供了丰富的资源，但它也...虚假信息和假新闻）表明，互联网上不仅有有用信息，也产生了有害信息。generates（产生）符合语境。filter（过滤）、suppress（压制）、validate（验证）均不符合。8.B解析思路：空格所在句“Thesepotentialdisplacementofworkersposesasignificantchallengetosociety,asitmayleadtoincreasedinequalityandeconomichardshipforthosewhosejobsareautomated”（这种潜在的工人失业对社会构成了重大挑战，因为它可能导致自动化工人面临日益加剧的不平等和经济困难）表明，虚假信息和假新闻损害了人们辨别事实的能力。undermine（破坏）符合语境。enhance（增强）、support（支持）、reinforce（加强）均不符合。9.A解析思路：空格所在句“The(9)ofsocialmediaandinstantmessaginghaschangedthedynamicsofstudentinteractions”（社交媒体和即时消息的普及改变了学生互动的动态）表明，社交媒体和即时消息的广泛使用对互动产生了影响。prevalenceof（普及/流行）符合语境。decline（衰落）、absence（缺席）、modification（修改）均不符合。10.A解析思路：空格所在句“Whiletheseplatformsfacilitatecommunicationandallowstudentstoconnectwithpeersfromaroundtheworld,theyalso(10)theriskofdistractionandreducedface-to-faceengagement”（虽然这些平台促进了交流，并让学生能够与世界各地的同龄人联系，但它们也增加了分心的风险和减少面对面交流的风险）表明，社交媒体和即时消息带来了负面效应。increases（增加）符合语境。decreases（减少）、eliminates（消除）、reduces（减少）均不符合。11.A解析思路：空格所在句“Manystudentsfindthemselvesconstantlycheckingtheirphones,(11)theirattentionspansandacademicperformance”（许多学生发现自己不断检查手机，从而他们的注意力和学习成绩下降）表明，检查手机是注意力和学习成绩下降的原因。thus（从而）符合语境。however（然而）、consequently（因此）、therefore（因此）均不符合。12.C解析思路：空格所在句“Intoday'sdigitalworld,havingastrongsocialmediaprofileisoften(12)tosuccess,whetheritbeinacademic,professional,orsocialcontexts”（在当今数字时代，拥有强大的社交媒体资料往往是成功的必要条件，无论是在学术、专业还是社交环境）表明，强大的社交媒体资料与成功有必然联系。necessaryto（必要的）符合语境。beneficialto（有益的）、detrimentalto（有害的）、optionalfor（可选的）均不符合。13.B解析思路：空格所在句“Thiscanleadtoanxietyandstressasstudentsfeeltheneedtocuratetheironlinepersonasandpresentaperfectimagetotheworld.(13),thecomparisonculturefosteredbysocialmediacanmakestudentsfeelinadequateandlessconfidentintheirownabilities”（这会导致焦虑和压力，因为学生觉得需要精心策划他们的在线形象并向世界展示完美的形象。此外，社交媒体培养的比较文化让学生感到不足，对自己的能力缺乏自信）表明，前后句是并列关系，都在描述社交媒体的负面影响。moreover（此外）符合语境。nevertheless（尽管如此）、therefore（因此）、otherwise（否则）均不符合。14.B解析思路：空格所在句“Thefightagainstclimatechangeisaglobalchallengethatrequirescollectiveeffort.(14),itisessentialforstudentstodevelopdigitalliteracyskills...”（对抗气候变化的斗争是一个全球性挑战，需要集体努力。此外，对学生来说，培养数字素养技能是必要的...）表明，前句是背景，后句是推论或补充说明。moreover（此外）符合语境。therefore（因此）、consequently（因此）、despite（尽管）均不符合。三、语法填空15.B解析思路：空格所在句“Manyscientistsbelievethathumanactivities,particularlytheburningoffossilfuelsanddeforestation,aretheprimary(15)forthesechanges”（许多科学家认为，人类活动，特别是燃烧化石燃料和森林砍伐，是这些变化的主要原因）。causefor（原因）符合语境。16.A解析思路：空格所在句“Transitioningtorenewableenergysourcessuchassolar,wind,andhydroelectricpowercansignificantly(16)greenhousegasemissions”（转向太阳能、风能和水能等可再生能源可以显著减少温室气体排放）。decrease（减少）符合语境。increase（增加）、maintain（维持）、stabilize（稳定）均不符合。17.B解析思路：空格所在句“(17),plantingnewtreesandprotectingexistingforestscanhelpmitigatetheeffectsofglobalwarming”（此外，种植新树和保护现有森林有助于缓解全球变暖的影响）。moreover（此外）符合语境，连接前后两个并列的句子，都描述减缓气候变化的措施。18.B解析思路：空格所在句“Individualactionsalsoplayavitalrole...canmakeasignificantdifferencewhen(18)bymillionsofpeople”（个人行动也起着至关重要的作用...当被数百万ngườithựchiện时，可以产生巨大差异）。此处需要动名词形式作状语，表示“被...时所做”。taking（正在被）符合语境。19.C解析思路：空格所在句“(19)allsectorsofsociety—governments,businesses,communities,andindividuals—mustworktogether”（在社会所有部门——政府、企业、社区和个人——必须共同努力）。among（在...之中）符合语境，指代amongthesectors。20.B解析思路：空格所在句“Only(20)wecanhopetocreateahealthierplanetforfuturegenerations”（只有做到这一点，我们才能为子孙后代创造一个更健康的星球）。此处需要动名词形式作主语。done（已经做了）符合语境，表示必要条件。四、翻译Therapidadvancementoftechnologyhastransformedthewaywelive,work,andinteractwitheachother.Fromsmartphonestoartificialintelligence,newinnovationsareconstantlyemerging,reshapingindustriesandsocietalnorms.Whiletheseadvancementsoffernumerousbenefits,theyalsoraiseethicalquestionsthatneedtobecarefullyconsidered.Oneofthemostsignificantethicalconcernsistheimpactoftechnologyonprivacy.Withtheproliferationofdigitaldevicesandonlineplatforms,personaldataisbeingcollectedandanalyzedatanunprecedentedscale.Thisraisesconcernsaboutsurveillance,datasecurity,andthepotentialmisuseofpersonalinformation.Forinstance,companiesmayuseconsumerdatafortargetedadvertising,whilegovernmentsmightemploysurveillancetechnologiestomonitorcitizens.Thesepracticescaninfringeonindividualprivacyandcreateasenseofinsecurityamongthepopulation.Anotherethicalissueisthepotentialfortechnologytoexacerbatesocialinequalities.Whiletechnologycanprovideopportunitiesforeducation,employment,andcommunication,itcanalsocreatebarriersforthosewholackaccesstotheseresources.Thedigitaldivide,whichreferstothegapbetweenthosewhohaveaccesstotechnologyandthosewhodonot,canperpetuateexistinginequalitiesintermsofincome,education,andsocialmobility.Forexample,individualslivinginremoteareasordevelopingcountriesmayhavelimitedaccesstotheinternetanddigitaltools,therebyhinderingtheireconomicandsocialdevelopment.Furthermore,thedevelopmentofautonomoustechnologies,suchasself-drivingcarsanddrones,raisesethicalquestionsaboutaccountabilityandresponsibility.Ifaself-drivingcarcausesanaccident,whoisresponsible—themanufacturer,theprogrammer,ortheowner?Thesetechnologiesinvolvecomplexdecision-makingprocesses,anditisunclearhowtoassignliabilityintheeventofanerrorormalfunction.Addressingtheseethicalchallengesrequirescarefulconsiderationandthedevelopmentofrobustlegalandregulatoryframeworks.五、写作Ladiesandgentlemen,Technologyhasbecomeanindispensablepartofourmodernsociety,profoundlyinfluencinghowwelive,work,andconnectwiththeworld.Itsimpactisundeniable,bringingbothremarkablebenefitsandpotentialchallengesthatwemustnavigatewisely.Ontheonehand,technologyoffersunprecedentedconvenienceandefficiency.