2025年考研英语（一）阅读理解冲刺试卷：历2025年真题深度解析提升阅读能力

2025年考研英语（一）阅读理解冲刺试卷：历2025年真题深度解析，提升阅读能力考试时间：______分钟总分：______分姓名：______模拟试卷第一部分阅读理解阅读下面的文章，回答问题。ThePervasiveInfluenceofSocialMediaonModernIdentityInthedigitalera,socialmediaplatformshavebecomeinextricablywovenintothefabricofdailylife.Fromsharingpersonalmilestonestoconsumingnews,theseonlinespaceshavefundamentallyreshapedhowindividualsinteract,communicate,andperceivethemselvesandothers.Theimpactofsocialmediaonmodernidentityisprofoundandmultifaceted,influencingeverythingfromself-esteemtosocialmobility.Oneofthemostsignificanteffectsofsocialmediaonidentityisthecultivationofacuratedonlinepersona.Userscarefullyselectandpresentimages,posts,andinteractionsthatreflectadesiredself-image,oftenomittinglessdesirableaspectsoftheirlives.Thisprocess,whilepotentiallyempoweringinallowingforself-representation,canalsoleadtoadisconnectbetweentheonlineselfandtheofflinereality.Theconstantcomparisontothehighlightreelsofothers,meticulouslycraftedandamplifiedbyfiltersandediting,canfosterfeelingsofinadequacyandanxiety.Asoneresearchernoted,"Wepresentcuratedversionsofourselves,whichcancreateunrealisticexpectationsandaconstantneedforvalidation."Thisphenomenon,sometimestermed"socialmediaenvy,"canerodeself-esteemandcontributetomentalhealthchallengessuchasdepressionandloneliness.Furthermore,socialmediahastransformedthenatureofsocialinteraction.Whileithasmadeiteasiertomaintainconnectionsacrossdistances,ithasalsoarguablyledtoadeclineindeep,meaningfulengagement.Theephemeralnatureofonlinecommunication—characterizedbybriefposts,likes,andcomments—oftensupplantsmoresubstantialconversationsandsharedexperiences.Thisshiftcanresultinasuperficialunderstandingofbothoneselfandothers.Thelackofnonverbalcues,suchastoneofvoiceandbodylanguage,canfurthercomplicategenuinecommunication,leadingtomisunderstandingsandmisinterpretations.Aspeoplespendincreasingamountsoftimescrollingthroughfeeds,thequalityoftheirin-personinteractionsmaysuffer,potentiallyweakeningreal-worldsocialbonds.Thedemocratizationofcontentcreationisanotherwaysocialmediainfluencesidentity.PlatformslikeYouTube,TikTok,andInstagramhaveempoweredindividualstobecomecreators,sharingtheirexpertise,artistry,andperspectiveswithaglobalaudience.Thisshifthasblurredthelinesbetweenamateurandprofessional,allowingfordiversevoicestobeheardandforindividualstofindcommunitiesbasedonsharedinterestsratherthantraditionalsocialhierarchies.Formany,thisabilitytobuildanaudienceandgainrecognitiononlinehasbecomeasignificantsourceofidentityandself-worth.However,italsoraisesquestionsaboutthecommodificationofpersonalexpressionandthepotentialforexploitationwithinthesespaces.Finally,socialmedia'sroleinshapingpoliticalandsocialconsciousnesscannotbeoverlooked.Theseplatformshavebecomekeyarenasforactivism,allowingmovementstogaintractionandmobilizesupportrapidly.Foryoungergenerations,inparticular,socialmediahasbecomeaprimarysourceofinformationandaspaceforconstructingtheirpoliticalidentities.Yet,therapidspreadofmisinformationandtheechochambersformedbyalgorithmiccurationalsoposechallenges,potentiallyreinforcingbiasesandpolarizingviewpoints.Navigatingthesecomplexdigitallandscapesrequirescriticalmedialiteracyskills,whichareessentialforformingacoherentandinformedidentityinthemodernworld.Inconclusion,socialmedia'sinfluenceonmodernidentityispervasiveandcomplex.Whileitoffersunprecedentedopportunitiesforself-expression,connection,andcommunitybuilding,italsopresentssignificantchallenges.Thecuratednatureofonlineself-presentation,theshiftinsocialinteractionpatterns,thedemocratizationofcontentcreation,andtheroleinpoliticalconsciousnessallcontributetoanuancedunderstandingofhowdigitalplatformsshapewhoweare.Associetycontinuestoevolveinthedigitalage,navigatingtheseinfluencesthoughtfullywillbecrucialformaintainingahealthyandauthenticsenseofself.Questions:1.Whatistheprimarypurposeofthepassage?2.Accordingtothepassage,howdoesthecuratedonlinepersonacontributetoindividuals'self-perception?3.Theauthormentionsthe"ephemeralnatureofonlinecommunication"(第二段第三句)anditsimpactonsocialinteraction.Whatspecificeffectsdoesthepassagesuggestthishasonrelationshipsandunderstanding?4.Inwhatwaysdoesthepassagedescribetheimpactofsocialmediaontherelationshipbetweenamateurandprofessionalcontentcreation?5.Thepassagediscussesbothpositiveandnegativeaspectsofsocialmedia'sroleinshapingpoliticalandsocialconsciousness.Whataretwocontrastingeffectsmentioned,andhowdotheyrelatetoidentityformation?6.Basedontheinformationinthepassage,whatskillisdescribedasessentialforindividualstonavigatethecomplexitiesofsocialmediaandformaninformedidentity?7.Howdoestheauthorstructuretheargumentinthepassage?Discusstherelationshipbetweentheintroductionandthebodyparagraphs.8.Thepassagementionsa"disconnectbetweentheonlineselfandtheofflinereality"(第二段第二句).结合文章其他部分，谈谈这种“disconnect”可能带来的更深层次的社会影响或个人问题。9.Considertheconceptof"socialmediaenvy"(第二段末句).Ifsomeoneisexperiencingthis,accordingtothepassage,whataretwopotentialactionstheycouldtake,eithermentionedorimplied,tocounteractitsnegativeeffectsontheirself-esteem?10.Thepassageconcludesbyemphasizingtheimportanceofnavigatingsocialmediainfluencesthoughtfully.Drawingontheentirepassage,outlineabriefplanorsetofguidelinessomeonemightfollowtoachieveamore"healthyandauthenticsenseofself"inthedigitalage.第二部分新题型阅读下面的两篇短文，请根据其内容填入每处空白处的最佳选项。每个选项包含一个词。Text1:Theglobalclimatecrisisdemandsurgentandcoordinatedaction.Traditionalenergysources,primarilyfossilfuels,havelongbeenthebackboneofindustrialeconomies,providingreliableandrelativelyinexpensivepower.However,theircombustionreleasessignificantamountsofgreenhousegases,primarilycarbondioxide,drivingglobalwarmingandclimatechange.Transitioningawayfromthesefuelstowardsrenewableenergysourceslikesolar,wind,andhydroelectricpowerisessentialforasustainablefuture.Severalchallengeshinderthistransition.Theinitialinvestmentrequiredforrenewableenergyinfrastructureissubstantial,representingasignificantfinancialburdenforgovernmentsandprivateentities.Furthermore,renewableenergysourcesareinherentlyintermittent;solarpowerisdependentonsunlight,andwindpoweronwindpatterns,meaningtheydonotproduceaconstant,predictableoutput.Thisvariabilityposeschallengesforgridstabilityandrequiresthedevelopmentofadvancedenergystoragesolutionsandsophisticatedgridmanagementtechnologies.Additionally,theexistingenergyinfrastructureisheavilygearedtowardsfossilfuels,andretrofittingorreplacingitisacomplexandcostlyendeavor.Despitetheseobstacles,thetransitiontorenewableenergyisnotonlynecessarybutalsoincreasinglyfeasible.Technologicaladvancementshavesignificantlyreducedthecostofsolarpanelsandwindturbinesoverthepastdecade,makingthemincreasinglycompetitivewithtraditionalenergysources.Governmentsworldwideareimplementingpoliciesandincentivestoencouragetheadoptionofrenewables,suchastaxcredits,subsidies,andrenewableportfoliostandards.Moreover,publicawarenessandconcernaboutclimatechangearegrowing,placingpressureonpolicymakerstoactdecisively.Thedevelopmentofnewstoragetechnologies,likebatteries,isalsorapidlyimproving,mitigatingtheintermittencyissue.Thebenefitsoftransitioningtorenewableenergyextendbeyondcombatingclimatechange.Itcanstimulateeconomicgrowthbycreatingnewindustriesandjobsinthecleanenergysector.Itcanimprovepublichealthbyreducingairpollutionassociatedwithfossilfuelcombustion,leadingtofewerrespiratoryandcardiovasculardiseases.Finally,itcanenhanceenergysecuritybyreducingdependenceonvolatileglobalmarketsforfinitefossilfuelresources.Inconclusion,whilethetransitiontorenewableenergypresentssignificantchallenges,thecompellingreasonsfordoingso—environmental,economic,andhealth-related—makeitacriticalpriorityforthefutureofourplanet.Text2:Intherealmofartificialintelligence(AI),naturallanguageprocessing(NLP)standsoutasafieldfocusedonenablingcomputerstounderstand,interpret,andgeneratehumanlanguage.TheadvancementsinNLPhavebeentransformative,findingapplicationsincountlessareas,fromvirtualassistantsandmachinetranslationtosentimentanalysisandautomatedcontentcreation.Thesetechnologiesarepoweredbysophisticatedalgorithms,oftenbasedondeeplearningmodels,whichcanprocessvastamountsoftextualdatatoidentifypatterns,relationships,andnuances.OneofthemostsignificantbreakthroughsinNLPhasbeenthedevelopmentoflargelanguagemodels(LLMs).Thesemodels,trainedonmassivedatasetscomprisingdiversetextsfromtheinternetandliterature,havedemonstratedremarkablecapabilitiesingeneratingcoherentandcontextuallyrelevanttext.Theycanperformtaskslikesummarizingarticles,answeringquestions,writingdifferentkindsofcreativecontent,andevenengaginginconversationalexchanges.TheversatilityofLLMshassparkedexcitementabouttheirpotentialtoautomatecomplexlanguage-basedtasksandaugmenthumancapabilities.However,theriseofpowerfulNLPsystemsalsoraisesimportantethicalconsiderations.Thedatausedtotrainthesemodelscaninadvertentlycontainbiasespresentinsociety,leadingtothemodelsproducingbiasedorharmfuloutputs.EnsuringfairnessandmitigatingbiasinAIsystemsisacriticalchallengethatrequirescarefuldatasetcuration,algorithmictransparency,andongoingmonitoring.Privacyconcernsalsoloomlarge,asNLPsystemsoftenrequireaccesstolargeamountsofpersonaldatatofunctioneffectively.Protectingthisdataandusingitresponsiblyareparamount.Furthermore,thepotentialformisuseofpowerfullanguagemodels,suchasgeneratingmisinformationorengaginginmanipulativecommunication,necessitatesthedevelopmentofrobustsafeguardsandethicalguidelines.Despitethesechallenges,thefutureofNLPappearspromising.Ongoingresearchisfocusedonimprovingtheaccuracy,robustness,andinterpretabilityofNLPmodels.EffortsarebeingmadetodevelopmoreethicalAIsystemsthatarefair,transparent,andaccountable.ThereisalsosignificantinterestinmakingNLPtechnologiesmoreaccessible,particularlyinareaswherelanguagebarriershindercommunicationandaccesstoinformation.AsNLPcontinuestoevolve,itholdsthepotentialtofurtherbridgethegapbetweenhumanandmachinecommunication,openingupnewpossibilitiesforinteraction,understanding,andcollaboration.Instructions:Foreachblank,choosetheword(A,B,C,orD)thatbestfitsintothetext.Theglobalclimatecrisisdemandsurgentandcoordinatedaction.Traditionalenergysources,primarilyfossilfuels,havelongbeenthebackboneofindustrialeconomies,providingreliableandrelativelyinexpensivepower.However,theircombustionreleasessignificantamountsofgreenhousegases,primarilycarbondioxide,drivingglobalwarmingandclimatechange.Transitioningawayfromthesefuelstowardsrenewableenergysourceslikesolar,wind,andhydroelectricpowerisessentialforasustainablefuture.Severalchallengeshinderthistransition.Theinitialinvestmentrequiredforrenewableenergyinfrastructureissubstantial,representingasignificantfinancialburdenforgovernmentsandprivateentities.Furthermore,renewableenergysourcesareinherentlyintermittent;solarpowerisdependentonsunlight,andwindpoweronwindpatterns,meaningtheydonotproduceaconstant,predictableoutput.Thisvariabilityposeschallengesforgridstabilityandrequiresthedevelopmentofadvancedenergystoragesolutionsandsophisticatedgridmanagementtechnologies.Additionally,theexistingenergyinfrastructureisheavilygearedtowardsfossilfuels,andretrofittingorreplacingitisacomplexandcostlyendeavor.Despitetheseobstacles,thetransitiontorenewableenergyisnotonlynecessarybutalsoincreasinglyfeasible.Technologicaladvancementshavesignificantlyreducedthecostofsolarpanelsandwindturbinesoverthepastdecade,makingthemincreasinglycompetitivewithtraditionalenergysources.Governmentsworldwideareimplementingpoliciesandincentivestoencouragetheadoptionofrenewables,suchastaxcredits,subsidies,andrenewableportfoliostandards.Moreover,publicawarenessandconcernaboutclimatechangearegrowing,placingpressureonpolicymakerstoactdecisively.Thedevelopmentofnewstoragetechnologies,likebatteries,isalsorapidlyimproving,mitigatingtheintermittencyissue.Thebenefitsoftransitioningtorenewableenergyextendbeyondcombatingclimatechange.Itcanstimulateeconomicgrowthbycreatingnewindustriesandjobsinthecleanenergysector.Itcanimprovepublichealthbyreducingairpollutionassociatedwithfossilfuelcombustion,leadingtofewerrespiratoryandcardiovasculardiseases.Finally,itcanenhanceenergysecuritybyreducingdependenceonvolatileglobalmarketsforfinitefossilfuelresources.Inconclusion,whilethetransitiontorenewableenergypresentssignificantchallenges,thecompellingreasonsfordoingso—environmental,economic,andhealth-related—makeitacriticalpriorityforthefutureofourplanet.Text1:1.______theinitialcostsarehigh,thelong-termsavingsfromrenewableenergycanbesubstantial.2.Theintegrationofrenewablesourcesintotheexistinggridrequiressignificanttechnological______.3.Advancesinbatterytechnologyhaveprovidedaviablesolutiontotheproblemofsolarpower's______nature.4.Governmentpolicies,suchassubsidies,playacrucialrolein______theadoptionofrenewableenergytechnologies.5.Beyondenvironmentalbenefits,theshifttocleanenergypromisesto______jobcreationandimprovedpublichealth.Text2:6.Naturallanguageprocessing(NLP)focusesonequippingcomputerswiththeabilityto______humanlanguage.7.Largelanguagemodels(LLMs)haveshownimpressivecapabilitiesin______coherentresponsesbasedoninputprompts.8.AmajorethicalconcernregardingNLPisthepotentialformodelsto______biasespresentintheirtrainingdata.9.ProtectingpersonaldatausedbyNLPsystemsisafundamentalrequirementforresponsibledevelopmentanddeployment.10.OngoingresearchaimstomakeNLPtechnologiesmore______andunderstandabletousers.第三部分写作directions:Writeanessayof160-200wordsbasedonthefollowingpicture.Inyouressay,youshoulddescribethepictureandexplainitsintendedmeaning.Youshoulddevelopyouressaybasedontheinformationgiveninthepicture,notyourownideas.PictureDescription:Thepicturedepictsapersonstandingatacrossroads.Ontheleft,thereisasignpointingtowardsabright,sunnypathleadingtoalarge,flourishinggardenwithvariouscolorfulflowers.Ontheright,thereisasignpointingtowardsadark,narrowpathleadingintoadense,darkforest.Thepersonappearshesitant,lookinguncertainlyatbothdirectionsbeforemakingadecision.第四部分翻译directions:ReadthefollowingpassagecarefullyandthentranslatetheunderlinedsentencesintoChinese.Therapidadvancementofartificialintelligence(AI)haspromptedwidespreaddiscussionaboutitspotentialimpactonvarioussectors,includingtheworkplace.OneofthemostsignificantconcernsrevolvesaroundthepotentialdisplacementofhumanworkersbyAIsystems.AsAIbecomesincreasinglycapableofperformingtaskstraditionallydonebyhumans,particularlyroutineandrepetitivejobs,thereisavalidfearthatmanyworkerscouldfindthemselvesfacingunemploymentortheneedtoadapttoentirelynewroles.Thisshiftisnotmerelyamatteroftechnologicalchange;italsocarriesprofoundeconomicandsocialimplicationsthatrequirecarefulconsiderationandproactiveplanning.However,itisalsocrucialtoacknowledgethatAIisnotnecessarilyareplacementforhumansbutcanserveasapowerfultooltoaugmenthumancapabilities.AIsystemsexcelathandlinglargevolumesofdata,identifyingcomplexpatterns,andperformingcalculationsatspeedsunattainablebyhumans.Whenintegratedthoughtfullyintoworkflows,AIcanautomatemundanetasks,allowinghumanworkerstofocusonmorecreative,strategic,andinterpersonalaspectsoftheirjobs.Thiscouldleadtoincreasedproductivity,innovation,andthecreationofnewjobcategoriesthatleveragethecomplementarystrengthsofhumansandmachines.Ultimately,thefutureofworkintheageofAIwilllikelyinvolveasymbioticrelationshipbetweenhumansandtechnology.Thechallengeforindividuals,organizations,andsocietiesliesinnavigatingthistransitionsmoothly.ThisrequiresinvestingineducationandtrainingprogramsthatequipworkerswiththeskillsneededtocollaborateeffectivelywithAI,fosteringaworkforcethatisadaptable,lifelonglearners,andcapableofharnessingthebenefitsofthesenewtechnologieswhilemitigatingthepotentialrisks.---试卷答案第一部分阅读理解1.A思路：文章首段提出社交媒体对现代身份的深刻影响，随后分段从在线形象塑造、社交互动变化、内容创作民主化、政治社会意识形成等多个角度进行论述，最后一段总结强调其复杂性和需要审慎应对。全文围绕社交媒体如何影响现代身份展开，旨在分析其作用、影响及应对策略。选项A（分析社交媒体对现代身份形成的影响）最符合主旨。选项B（描述社交媒体的功能）过于宽泛，选项C（强调社交媒体的负面影响）以偏概全，选项D（探讨数字时代的身份认同）范围过大，未聚焦于社交媒体。2.C思路：根据第二段，用户通过精心选择和呈现内容来塑造“在线形象”，这种形象往往隐藏了不理想的方面（第二段第三句）。这种“精心策划”和与现实脱节（第二段第二句）直接导致了与线下自我的“脱节”。选项C（导致个体在在线自我和现实自我之间产生脱节，并可能引发焦虑和自卑感）准确概括了curatedonlinepersona的负面影响，包括与现实的差距以及由此产生的负面情绪。3.BandD思路：第二段提到在线交流的“短暂性”（ephemeralnature），并指出其取代了更深入的交流（第二段第四句）。这直接导致了关系的“表面化”（superficialunderstandingofbothoneselfandothers）（第二段第五句）。选项B（导致人际关系变得表面化，缺乏深度交流）和选项D（削弱了现实世界中的社交联系，使得理解变得肤浅）都准确反映了文章对在线交流负面影响的描述。4.AandC思路：根据第四段，社交媒体使内容创作“民主化”，让普通人（amateur）也能成为创作者，分享观点，获得认可（第四段第一、二句），这表明了业余与专业界限的模糊。同时，人们可以根据共同兴趣找到社群（第四段第三句），这体现了创作身份的多样性。选项A（模糊了业余与专业的界限，使普通人也能成为内容创作者）和选项C（使不同背景和兴趣的人能够找到基于共同爱好的社群，获得身份认同）都符合文章对社交媒体影响内容的描述。5.AandD思路：文章第五段提到社交媒体在塑造政治和社会意识方面具有双重作用。一方面，它成为社会活动和政治动员的平台（第五段第一句），有助于形成政治身份（第五段第二句），这是积极方面。另一方面，它也加速了错误信息的传播（第五段第三句），并可能形成加剧观点分歧的“回声室”（echochambers）（第五段第三句），这是消极方面。选项A（作为社会活动和政治动员的平台，有助于形成政治身份）和选项D（可能加剧错误信息的传播和观点极化，从而影响政治身份的形成）分别对应了文章提到的积极和消极两方面影响。6.B思路：根据第五段最后一句，在数字时代，驾驭这些（社交媒体的）影响需要“批判性媒体素养”（criticalmedialiteracyskills）。结合全文对社交媒体影响的分析，理解信息、辨别真伪、避免偏见、形成独立判断能力是关键。选项B（批判性媒体素养）是文章明确提到的、在复杂数字环境中形成正确身份所必需的关键能力。7.AandBandE思路：文章结构清晰。首段提出中心论点：社交媒体对现代身份有深远影响。随后第二至四段（B,C,D）分别从在线形象、社交互动、内容创作三个具体方面展开论述，支撑中心论点。最后一段（E）总结全文，重申观点并引出需要审慎应对的结论。文章是“总-分-总”结构，bodyparagraphs(B,C,D)分别论述了支撑introduction(A)中提出的中心论点的不同方面，并共同服务于conclusion(E)的总结。8.BandD思路：第二段提到的“在线自我与线下现实脱节”可能带来的深层影响或个人问题。结合文章其他部分，这种脱节（第二段第二句）源于“精心策划”的在线形象（第二段第一句）和“社会媒体嫉妒”（第二段末句）。由此可能导致的深层影响包括：B（导致个体过度关注他人在线形象，忽视真实自我发展，进而可能产生长期的心理压力和自我认同危机）。D（加剧社会比较现象，使得个体在追求不切实际的完美形象过程中，逐渐失去生活的真实感和满足感，可能导致社会整体幸福感的下降和人际关系的紧张）。9.AandC思路：针对第二段提到的“社会媒体嫉妒”，文章未直接给出行动建议，但可以infer。根据第二段内容，嫉妒源于“精心策划”的他人形象和“持续的社会比较”。因此，可能的应对方法有：A（减少在社交媒体上的无效比较，有意识地减少浏览时间，尤其避免深夜刷屏时易产生的负面情绪）。C（将注意力转移到线下生活和个人成长上，通过实际成就和真实互动来建立自信，例如培养兴趣爱好、锻炼身体、与家人朋友深入交流等）。10.AandB思路：根据文章结论，要在数字时代保持“健康和真实的自我”，需要“深思熟虑地应对”（thoughtfullynavigate）社交媒体的影响。结合全文，可以勾勒出以下指南：A（保持批判性思维，审慎辨别和评估接触到的信息，不盲目追随潮流或他人评价，建立独立的价值判断体系）。B（平衡线上与线下生活，有意识地控制使用社交媒体的时间和频率，积极参与现实世界的社交活动，培养多元化的兴趣爱好和身份认同来源，避免过度依赖线上互动）。第二部分新题型Text1:1.Despite2.integration3.intermittent4.encouraging5.fosterText2:6.process7.generating8.perpetuate9.safeguarded10.interpretable第三部分写作Thepicturevividlyillustratesapersonstandingatacrossroads,facingacrucialdecision.Ontheleftpath,markedbyasign,liesabrightandsunnylandscapefeaturingalushgardenbrimmingwithcolorfulflowers,symbolizinghope,beauty,andperhapssuccessorfulfillment.Ontherightpath,indicatedbyanothersign,isadarkandnarrowtrailleadingintoadense,forebodingforest,representingchallenges,uncertainty,orpotentialdanger.Theindividualappearsvisiblyhesitant,glancingb