中考英语语法专题复习10.-专题十-辨清动宾侃语态

中考英语语法专题复习10.专题十辨清动宾侃语态专题十辨清动宾侃语态提分关键1.掌握被动语态的结构一般现在时态：is/am/are+过去分词一般过去时态：was/were+过去分词一般将来时态：willbe+过去分词情态动词:情态动词+be+过去分词2.辨清主动表被动1）feel;look;sound;smell;taste等系动词的主动语态表示被动含义。Thedishessmellsodelicious.2)有些动词，如sell;cut;drive;wash;clean;write;open;lock等；作为不及物动词时，可以用主动语态表示被动含义。BooksofHarryPottersellwell.Thecoatwasheswell.Thedoorpenswell.3.勿忘不定式符号主动句中感官动词see/hear/watch/feel等和使役动词make/let/have等后跟省略to的动词不定式。变为被动式时，应加上不定式符号to.WesawanaliengetoutoftheUFO.AnalienwasseentogetoutoftheUFO.真题回访1.---Whatlanguages__________inthatcountry、---GermanandEnglish.A.arespeakingB.arespokenC.speakD.isspoken2.Flowers__________alongtheroadlastyear.A.plantB.plantedC.areplantedD.wereplanted3.---HowmanyChineseastronauts(宇航员)___________intospacesince2003?---Twelve,includingtwowomen.A.weresentB.sentC.havebeensentD.havesent4.---Anewpark__________inourhometownnextyear.---Really?Ourhometownmustbemorebeautiful.A.willbuildB.willbebuiltC.isbuilt5.Thesongremindsmeofmyoldschooldaysassoonasit_____________.A.isplayedB.playsC.willbeplayedD.willplay6.---Haveyoufinishedyourproject?---Notyet.I’llfinishitifI___________tenmoreminutes.A.giveB.amgivenC.willgiveD.willbegiven7.“Shouldateenager________togetadrivinglicense(驾照)?”“Firstgotoatrainingcentre.”A.beallowB.allowC.beallowedD.allowed8.ThankstotheInternet,differentkindsofinformation_______inashorttime.A.canbelearnedB.hasbeenlearnedC.canlearnD.haslearned9.–It’sdifficulttogettotheothersideoftheriver.--Ithinkabridge__________overtheriver.A.shouldbebuiltB.shouldbuildC.willbuildD.hasbuilt10.–HowoftendoIneedtofeedthedog?--It_______foodeveryday,oritwillbehungry.A.mustgiveB.mustbegiveC.mustbegivenD.mustbegave11.---Georgewasheard_______justnow.Whathappened?---Peppawastellingajoke.A.tocryB.cryC.tolaughD.laugh12.Ifyouseethecartoonfilm,youwill_______laugh.A.bemadeB.bemadetoC.maketoD.make13.---Nobodylikes_________,soweshouldbekindtoeveryone.---Iagreewithyou.A.tolaughB.laughingatC.tobelaughedatD.tobelaughingat14.–Whyareyousoexcitedtoday?---Weweretold__________apicnicthisweekend.A.haveB.tohaveC.havingD.had中考命题大预测1.Manytrees________inspringeveryyear.A.plantB.areplantingC.areplantedD.wereplanted2.They_________tohelpthefarmerswiththeharvestlastautumn.A.askedB.askingC.wereaskedD.toask3.-----Haveyoumovedintothenewflat?----Notyet.Theroom___________.A.hasbeenpaintedB.ispaintedC.paintsD.isbeingpainted4.Sixteen-year-oldsshouldnot___________.A.allowtosmokeB.beallowedtosmokeC.allowtosmokingD.beallowedsmoking5.Mary________somesongsinherroomthismorning.A.heardsingB.heardtosingC.washeardsingD.washeardtosing6.Thedirtyclothes________byhismothernow.A.arebeingwashedB.arewashingC.werewashedD.arewashed7.Hiscar__________tomorrow.A.willberepairedB.isrepairedC.isbeingrepairedD.hasbeenrepaired8.Middleschoolstudents____________nottosmoke.A.alwaystellB.aretoldalwaysC.tellalwaysD.arealwaystold参考答案真题回访1-5BDCBA6-10BCAAC11-14CBCB中考命题大预测1-5CCDBD6-8AAD二、英语书面表达专项训练2．安全对每个人都很重要。请根据以下信息内容提示，写一篇关于校园安全的英语小短文。提示：1.体育锻炼2.上下楼梯3.交朋结友4.食品卫生要求：1.语句通顺，表达准确，内容连贯；2．短文可以适当发挥；但要包含以上要点。3．词数：80—100词。短文开头已给出，不计入总词数。Safetyhasbecomethefocustousall.Howtobesafeatschoolisespeciallyimportanttousstudents.________________________________________________________【答案】Safetyhasbecomethefocustousall.Howtobesafeatschoolisespeciallyimportanttousstudents.First,weshouldtakecarenottogetourselvesinjuredwhilewearehavingsports.Second,Therearetoomanystudentsatschool,andourhallwaysaretoonarrow.Sodon’tcrowdwitheachotherespeciallywhenwegoupstairsordownstairs.Ortheremaybeanaccident.Besides,weshouldbefriendlyandgetonwellwithothers,don’tquarrelorevenfight.Lastbutnotleast,Weshouldbecarefultoeathealthyfoodandkeepawayfromjunkfood,whichisharmfultoourhealth.Inaword,it'simportanttoremembertheseforusall.【解析】这是一篇给材料作文。结合要点提示，可知本文主要从三个方面进行叙述，注意围绕要点组织材料，适当发挥。根据材料内容确定主要句子的时态，及句式等重要内容。写作中注意语义通顺，符合逻辑关系。上下文之间可以适当使用连接词。3．书面表达你即将升入高中，面临寄宿（aboardingschool)和走读（adayschool)两类学校的选择。请你以“Aboardingschooloradayschool”为题。写一篇短文，内容须包括：读寄宿学校的利和弊；读走读学校的利和弊；你的选择和理由（不得与上述两点内容重复）。注意：1.词数;100词左右（文章开头结尾已给出，不计入总词数）；2.文中不得出现真实姓名、校名等信息；3.文章必须包含提示中的所有信息，并按要求适当发挥。AhoardingschooloradayschoolWearegoingtograduatefromourmiddleschool,__________________________________【答案】Wearegoingtograduatefromourmiddleschools,andwewillmakeachoicetoenteraboardingschooloradayschool.Bothkindsofschoolhavetheiradvantagesanddisadvantages.Ifwechooseaboardingschool,wewillsavetimetostudy.However,wemayhavelesstimetostaywithourfamily.Ifwechooseadayschool,parentscanknowmoreaboutourstudies.AtthesametimecomputergamesandTVplaysmaymakeabadinfluenceonus.Asforme,Ipreferaboardingschool.Weshouldpayattentiontoourstudiestogetgoodgradesinthehighschool.【解析】【分析】整体分析：这是一篇给材料作文。可以分三段写。第一段要写总体交代你即将升入高中，面临寄宿（aboardingschool)和走读（adayschool)两类学校的选择。第二段要写详细叙述读寄宿学校的利弊；读走读学校的利弊。第三段要表述作者自己的选择和理由。【详解】写作之前要1.审清题目，看看有哪些要求？哪些时态？人称？2.确定文章类型，记叙文？说明文？议论文？看图？还是应用文？3.确定时态，单一还是混合。4.写下关键词、短语、句型。5.列出提纲和段落，并运用适当的句型和过渡词衔接。6.根据提纲和段落结构句型及关键词句完成文章。写完后反复阅读修改推敲润色，人称、时态、单复数一致等。运用自然过渡法和自然衔接法来是文章更为地道、通顺、纯正。用的短语、句型：bothkindsof、Ifwechooseaboardingschool、Atthesametime、Asforme,Ipreferaboardingschool、payattentionto、来增加了文章的亮点。【点睛】这类作文的写作方法要注意认真审题，注意过渡性语言的使用。做到：要点要全，表达要清晰明确，使用短语，句型要准确，注意避免拼写和语法错误。4．书面表达南京阳光中学每年要接特来自世界各地的交流学生。为了让他们更好地在南京学习生活，校学生会面向全体学生招募“阳光志愿者”。假如你是李明，请根据下面招募广告，用英文写一封自荐信。VolunteersWantedRequiredQualificationsGoodEnglishandChineseHelpful,patient,outgoingGoodknowledgeofChinesecultureDutiesTeachChinese＆introduceChinesecultureShowexchangestudentsaroundNanjingWorkinghours4:00p.m.-5:00p.m.Wednesday,8:00a.m.-12:00am.SundayContactInfo.Ms.YangEmail:iindayang@163.comJoinus!注意：1.对所有要点逐一陈述，适当发挥。2.词数80左右，自荐信的开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数．3.文中不得提及有关考生个人身份的任何信息，如校名、人名等．DearMs.YangIwouldtobeasunshinevolunteer._________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________IwillbeveryhappyifIamchosen.tobeavolunteer..I'mreallylookingforwardtoyourreply.YourssincerelyLiMing【答案】DearMs.Yang,Iwouldliketobesunshinevolunteer.FirstIamgoodatbothEnglishandChinese.AndIamsureIcanteachexchangestudentsChinesewell.IamalsohelpfulandIamalwaysreadytohelpthoseinneed.Besides,Iampatientenougheverythingindetail.ihavesuchagoodknowledgeoftheChineseculturethatcanhelpthemknowthebeautyofit.IcanmakegoodplansfortheirtripsbecauseIknowNanjingwell.IamoutgoingandIthinkit’seasyformetomakefriendswiththem,Iamfreefrom4:00p.m.to5:00p.m.onWednesday.IcanteachthemChineseduringthistime.IcanalsospendthewholeSundaymorningshowingthemaroundNanjing.IwillbeveryhappyifIamchosentobeavolunteer.Iamreallylookingforwardtoyourreply.Yourssincerely,LiMing【解析】【分析】这篇书面表达是写一封作学校“阳光志愿者”的自荐信。【详解】这是篇材料作文。招募广告即写作的主要内容，考生可从自己是否满足招募要求入手。在写作时，首先要选择自己熟悉的短语或者句型，在能力范围之内，选择句式时要赋予变化，这样才可以更好的驾驭。同时也要选择合适的连接词，把各个要点组织成一个完整的整体。5．书面表达初中毕业在即,回顾三年的学习生活,你一定有成功的体验,如一次考试,一次比赛,一次表演......请你以BelieveMyself,andIWillWin为题写一篇演讲稿。提示：(1)Whatwastheevent?(2)Howdidyoumakeit?(3)What’syourfeeling?要求：(1)发言稿中须包括所有提示内容,可适当发挥。(2)发言稿中不得出现真实的人名、校名和地名。(3)词数80个左右(开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数)。BelieveMyself,andIWillWinHello,everyone!___________________________________________________________________________Thankyouforyourlistening.【答案】BelieveMyself,andIwillwinHello,everyone!Asanoldsayinggoes,wherethereisawill,thereisaway.Therealwaysaredifficultiesinourlifeandwehavetofacethem.WhenIwasintheseventhgrade,IalwayshaddifficultyinlearningEnglish.Ijustcouldn’tunderstandit.Ievenwantedtogiveitup.Thenmyparentstoldmethatwherethereisawill,thereisaway.TheyalsotoldmethatIshouldbeconfident.MyEnglishteacherencouragedmetocontinuetostudyandtoldmesomegoodwaystostudyit.Ihadtheconfidenceagain.IfoundwhenIputmyheartintoit,Englishdidn’t’seemthatdifficult.Imadegreatprogress.Myparentsandteacherswerehappyforme.Ifeltpleasedandproudformyself,too.TobeconfidentmeansIshouldbelievemyself.Believemyself,therearehopesinmylife.Inthefuture,Iwon'tbeafraidofthedifficultiesinmylifeandI'msurethatnothingcanbeatmeandIwillwin!Believemyself,abeautifulfutureiswaitingforme.Thankyouforyourlistening.【解析】【详解】这篇作文要求我们以BelieveMyselfandIwillwin为题，写一篇演讲稿。题目中用问题的形式给出了提示，审题可知，文章应包括以下内容：首先叙述你生活中遇到的一件困难的事；然后介绍你是如何克服了这个困难，最后取得成功的；最后说一下你自己的感受。写作时学生们应根据这几个内容提要，发挥自己的想象力，将这些内容补充完整，用正确的英语表达出来。短文应以一般现在时和一般过去时为主，注意谓语动词的正确形式。写作时应注意：首先要保证发言稿中包括了所有提示的内容，不能遗漏要点，可以根据表达需要适当发挥，但要与上下文意衔接起来。其次要注意英语的表达习惯和汉语是不同的，不能按照汉语思维，逐词翻译。应从句子的整体结构出发，选择适当句型、短语、词汇进行表达。句式结构可以简单句为主，穿插并列句或复合句。为提升文章档次，应注意衔接词以及高级句式或复杂结构的使用。【点睛】这是一篇优秀的作文，短文作者根据题目要求，写了一篇演讲稿。文章有以下几个优点：首先短文内容完整，包括了题目中要求的所有内容，没有遗漏要点。各部分内容安排合理，层次清晰。短文主要分成三段，每一段主题都很明确，叙述详细、清楚。其次短文使用了正确的时态和人称，短文主要使用了一般现在时和一般过去时，动词形式变化准确，尤其注意了不规则动词的过去式形式，语法规范，用词准确。文章中句式变化丰富，有简单句、并列句、复合句，长短句结合，增强了文章的表现力。短文中使用了较丰富的句型，如WhenIwasintheseventhgrade,IalwayshaddifficultyinlearningEnglish.、MyEnglishteacherencouragedmetocontinuetostudyandtoldmesomegoodwaystostudyit.、IfoundwhenIputmyheartintoit,Englishdidn’t’seemthatdifficult、Inthefuture,Iwon'tbeafraidofthedifficultiesinmylifeandI'msurethatnothingcanbeatmeandIwillwin!等等。6．为了吸引外国游客，杭州旅游网希望对杭州茶文化进行宣传。请你根据表格信息，用英语为其写一篇介绍，词数80左右。WhatisLongjingTeafamousfor?GoodtasteWhatisitusedfor?KeephealthyHowisitproduced?Growonthesidesofmountains...What’sthebestplacetolearnaboutit?Why?HangzhouNationalTeaMuseum...LongjingTea____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】TeacultureisoneofthemostfamousculturesinChina.LongjingteaisoneofthefamousChinesetraditionalteasandfamousgreentea.WhyisLongjingTeafamousfor?Becauseittastegood.Itisgoodforpeopletokeephealthybydrinkinglongjingtea.Longjingteagrowsmainlyonthesidesofmountains.PeopleareverystrictaboutthepickingofLongjingtea.LongjingisafamousteainChina,whichisrelatednotonlytotheclimateandsoilenvironmentofLongjing,butalsototheproductiontechnologyofLongjing.HangzhouistheresortwhereLongjingteaisproduced.SoHangzhouNationalTeaMuseumisthebestplacetolearnaboutHongjingtea.【解析】【详解】这是一篇材料类介绍型作文，所以我们必须要结合所给材料再适当补充内容。时态以一般现在时为主。亮点词汇短语：oneof．．．，．．．之一；greentea绿茶；befamousfor．．．，因…而出名；keephealthy保持健康；bestrictinsth对…严格；notonly．．．.butalso．．．，不仅．．．而且．．．。亮点句型：ItisgoodforpeopletokeephealthybydrinkingLongjingtea.喝龙井茶对人们保持健康有好处。Itis+adj.(forsb.)todosth.(对某人来说)做某事是怎样的。LongjingisafamousteainChina,whichisrelatednotonlytotheclimateandsoilenvironmentofLongjing,butalsototheproductiontechnologyofLongjing.龙井是我国著名的茶叶，它不仅与龙井的气候、土壤环境有关，而且与龙井的生产工艺有关。Which引导的限定性定语从句。HangzhouistheresortwhereLongjingteaisproduced.杭州是龙井茶出产的胜地。Where引导的定语从句。7．《朗读者》、《中国诗词大会》等文化类节目唤醒了中国人的阅读情结。为了激发市民们的阅读兴趣,广州开展了“书香羊城”活动。请根据以下提示写一篇英语短文,谈谈你对阅读的看法,并对如何培养阅读习惯和开展班级阅读活动提出建议。阅读的好处1、阅读使人睿智2、补充1-2个看法培养阅读习惯1、每天至少阅读20分钟2、补充1-2个建议开展班级阅读活动1、观看《朗读者》,分享节目推荐的好作品。2、补充1-2个建议注意:1.参考词汇:《朗读者》(Readers):作品:works(n.)2.文章应包括所有要点:3.词数80词以上(文章的开头已给出,不计入总词数):4.不得透露学校、姓名等任何个人信息,否则不予评分.Theactivityof“ReadinginGuangzhou“hasbeenheldinGuangzhouforquiteawhile.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Theactivityof“ReadinginGuangzhou”hasbeenheldinGuangzhouforquiteawhile.Readingmakesuswise.Itcannotonlyhelpuslearnmoreabouttheworldbutalsobringushappiness.Keepingreadingeverydayisagoodhabit.Weshouldspendatleasttwentyminutesinreadingafterclass.What’smore,trytomakenotesforgoodpointswhilereading.Wecanalsoholdsomereadingactivitiesinourclass.Forexample,watchsomegoodprogramssuchasReadersandthensharesomegoodbooksintroducedbythereaders.Also,abookcornercanbesetupinourclassroomsothatwecanreadatanytimeafterclass.【解析】【详解】这是一篇给材料作文，内容包括提示内容以及谈谈自己对阅读的看法，并对培养阅读习惯和开展班级阅读活动方面提出建议，人称为第一人称，时态主要为一般现在时，同时注意恰当使用连词使文章逻辑关系更为紧密。高分句型：1.Itcannotonlyhelpuslearnmoreabouttheworldbutalsobringushappiness.它不仅能帮助我们更多地了解这个世界，而且能带给我们幸福。notonly…butalso…不但……而且……，并列连词短语。2.Keepingreadingeverydayisagoodhabit.每天坚持阅读是一个好习惯。Keepingreadingeveryday动名词短语作主语。3.Also,abookcornercanbesetupinourclassroomsothatwecanreadatanytimeafterclass.另外，我们的教室里还可以设置一个读书角，以便课后随时阅读。此句是一个复合句，主句是含有情态动词的被动语态，sothat引导的是目的状语从句。8．请你根据下表中所提供的信息以“Learntoexpressthanks”为题，用英语写一篇演讲稿。背景1.认为上中学时吃好穿好是应该的；2.走向社会后没有感恩意识。学会感恩1.感谢社会提供良好的教育机会；2.感谢父母供养自己上学；3.感谢老师传授知识；4.感谢朋友的支持与鼓励。参考词汇：entersociety进入社会，senseofthanks感恩意识，behavior行为要求：1.短文应包括所提供的所有内容，可以适当发挥，不要简单翻译；2.演讲稿中不得出现真实的人名、地名及能够透露你个人身份的信息；3.词数：80词左右。开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。Goodmorning,boysandgirls!Thetopicofmyspeechtodayis“Learntoexpressthanks”.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Inthefuture,weshouldneverforgetoursociety,parents,teachersandsoon.Atpresent,weshouldstudyharderinordertomakeourworldmorebeautiful.Thankyouforyourlistening!【答案】书面表达参考范文（一）：Goodmorning,boysandgirls!Thetopicofmyspeechtodayis“Learntoexpressthanks”.Wefindsomestudentswanttoeatwellandwearfashionableclothesatschool.Whentheyleaveschoolandentersociety,theydon’tshowanysenseofthanks.Ithinkthisbehaviorisnotcorrect.Asstudents,weshouldlearntoexpressthanks.Thesocietyoffersusachancetoreceivegoodeducation.Andourparentsalsosupportustogotoschool.Ourteachersteachusmuchknowledge,soweshouldthankthem.Weshouldalsothankourfriendsbecausetheygiveuscourageandsupport.Inthefuture,weshouldneverforgetoursociety,parents,teachersandsoon.Atpresent,weshouldstudyharderinordertomakeourworldmorebeautiful.Thankyouforyourlistening!书面表达参考范文（二）：LearntoexpressthanksGoodmorning,boysandgirls!Thetopicofmyspeechtodayis“Learntoexpressthanks”.WefindmostMiddleSchoolstudentsdon’tshowanysenseof“Thanks”.Theythinkthattheyarecertainofeatingwellandwearingfashionableclothes.AsMiddleSchoolstudents,weshouldlearntoexpressthanks.Weshouldthankourparentsforsupportingustogotoschool.Andweshouldexpressthankstoourhardworkingteach