2025面向新型电力系统的通信目标网白皮书（英文版）-电力通信网

WhitePaperonCommunicationTargetNetworksoftheFuturePowerSystemAugust2025PrefaceChinaisacceleratingthedevelopmentofaclean,low-carbon,safe,reliable,cost-ef-ficient,demand-responsive,andflexiblesmartpowersystem.Asthefuturepowersystemtakesshape,theelectricpowerindustryisundergoingastructuraltransfor-mation,drivenbysignificantchangesacrossthesupplyside,theuserside,gridarchi-tecture,andoperationalmodels.Onthesupplyside,renewableenergyisincreasinglybecomingthedominantsourceintermsofbothinstalledcapacityandpowergenera-tion.Ontheuserside,anewtrendof"integratedpowergenerationandconsumption"isemerging.Thegridisevolvingintoasystemcenteredonutilitygridswithdiversegridformscoexisting.Operationally,thetraditional"load-basedpowergeneration"modelisshiftingtoward"collaborativeinteractionamongpowergeneration,grid,load,andstorage".Thepowercommunicationnetworkservesasacriticalinfrastructurethatsupportsgridproductioncontrolandenterprisemanagement.Itensuresthestablerunningofutilitygridsandactivedistributionnetworkcontrol,whileinterconnectingemergingpowerentitiesandend-usersnationwide.Thisconnectivityisvitaltothedevelopmentofaunifiednationalelectricitymarket.Therapidevolutionofthefuturepowersystemisplacingincreasinglycomplexandvarieddemandsonthepowercommunicationnet-work.ThewidespreadadoptionofAIfoundationmodels,thedevelopmentofdigitaltwinsforpowergrids,andtheriseofintelligentcomputingcentersaredrivingdemandforcommunicationnetworkswithultra-highbandwidth,ultra-lowlatency,andhighreliability.Meanwhile,thelarge-scaleintegrationofdistributedenergyresourcesandbidirectionalinteractionwithflexibleloadscallforbroadercommunicationcoverage.Moreover,aspowercommunicationresourcescontinuetoscale,theneedforsmarterandmoresecureoperationalmanagementbecomesincreasinglyimperative.Tomeetthesechallenges,thepowercommunicationnetworkmustundergoacomprehensiveupgradetodeliverultra-reliable,high-capacity,ubiquitouscoverageandlight-ning-fastemergencyresponse—whileembeddingintelligenceacrosseverylayerofoperationsandmaintenance(O&M).Onlythislevelofadvancementcanprovidetherock-solidbackboneneededtobuildandsustainthefuturepowersystem.TheWhitePaperonCommunicationTargetNetworksoftheFuturePowerSystembringstogetherindustry-wideexpertisetochartacleardevelopmentpathandprovidetop-leveldesignandimplementationguidancefortomorrow'sgridcommunicationinfrastructure.Bybuildinganetworkfeaturing"intelligentandrobustmainnetwork,medium-voltageintegration,low-voltagetransparency,high-speedandsecurenet-work,andspace-groundintegration",thisinitiativewilloffercriticalsupportforChina's"dual-carbon"goals(carbonpeakandcarbonneutrality)andacceleratetheevolutionofthefuturepowersystem.ContentsWhytheFuturePowerSystemMattersProspectsWhytheFuturePowerSystemMattersProspectsandInitiativesKey030506Whythe030506WhytheFuturePowerSystemMatters0478Advancing0478AdvancingNewTechnologyStandards79BuildingAgainstaRoadmap80AchievingDesiredOutcomes82AfterwordDevelopmentofDevelopmentofTargetCommunicationNetworksfortheFuturePowerSysteminPowerCommunicationNetworksChallengesinPowerCommunicationNetworks30TechnologyTrendsinPowerChallengesinPowerCommunicationNetworks0232TransmissionNetworkTechnology0236DataNetworkTechnology52Vision54Architecture5652Vision54Architecture56Evolution58System62DirectionsandPriorities74Outlook10StatusandAchievementsinPowerCommunication10StatusandAchievementsinPowerCommunicationNetworks12ChangesintheRequirementsforCommunicationNetworks24ChallengesinPower46SatelliteCommunicationTechnology49CommunicationSecurityTechnologyCommunicationNetworksWhytheFuturePowerSystemMattersWhytheFuturePowerSystemMatters0405WhytheFuturePowerSystemMattersWhytheFuturePowerSystemMattersFacilitating"DualCarbon"GoalsPowerSystemDevelopmentPowerSystemDevelopmentCurrently,China'spowersystemranksNo.1intheworldintermsoftotalinstalledcapacity,non-fossilenergyinstalledcapacity,long-distancetransmissioncapacity,andpowergridscale.Thedevelopmentoflarge-scalerenewableenergysources,suchaswindandphotovoltaicpower,isessentialtoprogressivelyreplacetraditionalfossilfuel-basedgenerationandachievethetransitiontoacleanandlow-carbonenergystructure.EnsuringEnergySecurityExternaldependenceisreducedtoachieveenergysecurityandsustainabledevelopment.AddressingtheChallengesofPowerTransitionAddressingtheChallengesofPowerTransitionChallengesChallengesPosedbyNewEnergyFlexibilityandstabilityareenhancedandresourceallocationisoptimizedtofullyimprovethepowersystemefficiency.AsthepenetrationrateofnewenergyDrivingTechnologicalInnovationcontinuestoincrease,itsintermittent,DrivingTechnologicalInnovationstochastic,andvolatilenatureimposesPowersystemconstructiondrivestechnologicalandindustrialdevelopment.higherrequirementsonthepowerPowersystemconstructiondrivestechnologicalandindustrialdevelopment.regulationcapabilities.07060702ChallengesinPowerCommunicationNetworksStatusandAchievementsinPowerCommunicationNetworksHistoryofChina'sPowerCommunicationNetworksAchievementsinPowerCommunicationNetworksChangesintheRequirementsforPowerCommunicationNetworksRapidTransitiontotheFuturePowerSystemMajorChangesintheFuturePowerSystem TrendsoftheFuturePowerSystemDevelopmentoftheFuturePowerSystemEvolvingCommunicationRequirementsfortheFuturePowerSystemChallengesinPowerCommunicationNetworks0809ChallengesinPowerCommunicationNetworks丨StatusandAchievementsinPowerCommunicationNetworksStatusandAchievementsinPowerCommunicationNetworksllHistoryofChina'sPowerCommunicationNetworksPowercommunicationnetworkshaveevolvedinlockstepwiththeelectricpowersystemanditsoperationalframework,progressingfromfirst-tofifth-generationarchitectures.Eachgenerationalleapintroducesnewtechnologiesandbroaderusecases,purpose-builttomeetthesystem'sevolvingrequirements.DecentralizedPowerSmall–scalePowerSmall–scalegridgridUtilitygriddevelopmenttrendUtilitygridTypicalservices·AnalogdispatchingTypicalservices·Analogdispatching·DispatchTypicalservices·TelecontrolTypicalservices·Telecontrol·DispatchFuturepowersystem》Typicalservices·Integratedautomation》Typicalservices·Integratedautomation·ERP·SmartgridoperationTypicalservices·Digitaltwin·AILLM·Futurepowersystem·operationandPowercommuni–cation2ndGen1990sTypicalservices·EMS·Informatization1stGen1950s–1980s3rd1950s–1980s3rdGengenerations2000scontrolgenerationstargetCommunicationnetworkTypicaltechnologies◆High-voltagenarrowbandPLC◆MicrowaveTypicaltargetCommunicationnetworkTypicaltechnologies◆High-voltagenarrowbandPLC◆MicrowaveTypicaltechnologies◆PDH◆SPCswitching5thGen2020s4thGen2010scommunicationTypicalcommunicationtechnologiesTypicaltechnologiestechnologiesTypicaltechnologies◆OTN◆EPON◆4GSDHIPv4SDHIPv4GSM◆◆◆◆fgOTN/400GOTN◆SDN+SRv6◆Hard-isolatedGPON◆5G/5.5GCommunication–sensing–computingintegrationCommunicationsensing–computingintegrationDatacommunicationN*100MbpsMultimediacommunicationN*10GbpscharacteristicsPacket+voiceDatacommunicationN*100MbpsMultimediacommunicationN*10GbpscommunicationgranularitydatacommunicationgranularitydataN*kbpscommunicationN*10MbpsllAchievementsinPowerCommunicationNetworks<Comprehensivecoverageofmainnetworkcommunicationsforsecure,stable,andcost-effectivepowersystemoperationsEffective<Comprehensivecoverageofmainnetworkcommunicationsforsecure,stable,andcost-effectivepowersystemoperationsEffectivepowermultimediacommunicationforsmoothgridmanagementandenterpriseoperationscommunicationtechnologiesforthedigitaltransformationofpowergridsEnhancedsecurityandemergencyresponsecapabilitiesofcommuni-cationnetworksChallengesinPowerCommunicationNetworks丨ChangesintheRequirementsforPowerCommunicationNetworksChangesintheRequirementsforPowerCommunicationNetworksllRapidTransitiontotheFuturePowerSystemPowerconsumptionUtilitygridsasthedominanceandcoexistenceofmultiplegridformsPowergenerationNewenergywilldominateinstalledcapacityandpowergeneration.OperationcontrolProfoundchangesintheoperationmechanismandbalancingmodeThehybridAC–DCutilitygridhasbecomeanecessarymodelforachievingoptimalenergyresourceallocation.Asdistributionnetworksbecomeactive,microgridsanddistributedenergysystemsareexpandingquicklyandworkinginharmonywithutilitygrids.Thebalancemodelistransitioningfromload-followinggenerationtocoordinatedinteractionamongpowergeneration,grid,load,andstorage.Thegrowinginfluenceofnaturalfactorshasmadethesubstantialdemandforregulationcapacityinpowersystemoperationsanewnormal.Bytheendof2024China'sinstalledcapacityofnewenergy1.45billionkWAccountingfortotalinstalledcapacity19.4%Accountingfortotalpowergeneration40.6%ExpectedInstalledcapacityofnewenergyby2030>3billionkWBy2060,theproportionofnewenergypowergenerationisexpectedtoexceed50%,becomingthedominantsourceofelectricity.AEnergyResearchInstitute.13Note:Thepredictiondatacomesfromthe2025AnalysisReportonChina'sNewEnergyPowerGenerationoftheStateGridPowergridMassive"prosumers"integratingpowergenerationandconsumptionManyuser-sideentitiespossessdualattributesofpowergenerationandconsumption,servingasbothelectricityconsumersandproducers.Terminalloadcharacteristicsarechangingfromrigidandpureconsumptiontoflexibleinteractionofbothproductionandconsumption.Thedemand-sideresponsecapabilitywillcontinuetoimprove.PowerconsumptionUtilitygridsasthedominanceandcoexistenceofmultiplegridformsPowergenerationNewenergywilldominateinstalledcapacityandpowergeneration.OperationcontrolProfoundchangesintheoperationmechanismandbalancingmodeThehybridAC–DCutilitygridhasbecomeanecessarymodelforachievingoptimalenergyresourceallocation.Asdistributionnetworksbecomeactive,microgridsanddistributedenergysystemsareexpandingquicklyandworkinginharmonywithutilitygrids.Thebalancemodelistransitioningfromload-followinggenerationtocoordinatedinteractionamongpowergeneration,grid,load,andstorage.Thegrowinginfluenceofnaturalfactorshasmadethesubstantialdemandforregulationcapacityinpowersystemoperationsanewnormal.Bytheendof2024China'sinstalledcapacityofnewenergy1.45billionkWAccountingfortotalinstalledcapacity19.4%Accountingfortotalpowergeneration40.6%ExpectedInstalledcapacityofnewenergyby2030>3billionkWBy2060,theproportionofnewenergypowergenerationisexpectedtoexceed50%,becomingthedominantsourceofelectricity.AEnergyResearchInstitute.13Note:Thepredictiondatacomesfromthe2025AnalysisReportonChina'sNewEnergyPowerGenerationoftheStateGridPowergridMassive"prosumers"integratingpowergenerationandconsumptionManyuser-sideentitiespossessdualattributesofpowergenerationandconsumption,servingasbothelectricityconsumersandproducers.Terminalloadcharacteristicsarechangingfromrigidandpureconsumptiontoflexibleinteractionofbothproductionandconsumption.Thedemand-sideresponsecapabilitywillcontinuetoimprove.ChallengesinPowerCommunicationNetworks丨ChangesintheRequirementsforPowerCommunicationNetworksllTrendsoftheFuturePowerSystemllMajorChangesinllTrendsoftheFuturePowerSystemHighpenetrationofrenewableenergyandpowerelectronicsdevicesUbiquitousrenewablesandpowerelectronicsdevices04In–depthinteraction04In–depthinteractionTransformingfrom"passivepowerconsumption"to"integratedproductionandconsumption"Growingloaddifferencesduetoseasonalpeaks03··Suddensurgesinpowerdemandduetoload03··。<ManagementtransformationTransformingfrom"asset-driven"to"data-driven"0201Technology–drivenBuildingaresilient powergridwith"digitalfoundation+intelligentoperation"01040203NeedforbalancinginnovationwithcostlimitsandreformswithrisksduringtransformationExponentialgrowthofassetscaleandservicecomplexity14151415ChallengesinPowerCommunicationNetworks丨ChangesintheRequirementsforPowerCommunicationNetworksDevelopmentoftheFuturePowerSystemThermalThermalandhydropowerforpeakshavingThermal PVPVStep-upsubstationConsumptionofsurpluspoweratthepowergenerationpeaksStep-upsubstationEnergystorageEnergystorageEnergystorageforpeakshavingandfrequencyregulation Powergeneration:low–carbonNewenergywilldominateNewenergywilldominateinstalledcapacityandpowergeneration,anddistributednewenergygrowsrapidly.EnergyflowServiceflowEnergyflowServiceflowCarbonemissionGriddispatchingElectricitytradingGriddispatchingPowerTransmissionPowerandtransformationdistribution Powergrid:platform–basedHybridHybridAC-DCutilitygrid+distributedmicrogrid,multi-layerbidirectionalcollaborationEnergyflowServiceflowEnergyflowServiceflowCarbonemissionElectricvehicleElectricvehicleDistributedDistributedPVDatacenterVirtualpowerplantDatacenterVirtualpowerplantDistributedenergystorage Powerconsumption:interactiveresourcesontheloadsidebecomeanimportantsourceforimprovingsystemadjustmentperformance.Loadcharacteristicsarechangingtoflexibleinteractionofresourcesontheloadsidebecomeanimportantsourceforimprovingsystemadjustmentperformance.FuturepowersystemSmartpowergeneration◆Dispatchautomation◆DeviceO&Mmonitoring◆◆NewenergyoutputpredictionAGC/AVCcollaborationSmartpowertransmission◆Onlinemonitoringoflines/utilitytunnels◆Intelligentdroneinspection◆◆CoverageinareaswithoutpublicnetworksignalsEmergencycommunicationduringextremeweatherconditionsSmartpowertransformation◆Protection&stabilitysystem◆Dispatchautomation◆WPMU◆One-clicksequentialcontrol◆◆◆OnlinedevicestatusIntelligentvideosecurityRobot-basedintelligentinspectionSmartpowerdistribution◆Distributionautomation◆Distributionnetworkprotection◆Distributedpowersupplyregulation◆◆Drone-basedintelligentlineinspectionSmartpowerconsumption◆Billingcontrol◆Loadforecast◆Vehicle-to-grid(V2G)interaction◆◆PreciseloadcontrolVirtualpowerplantFullelectromagnetictransientsimulation◆◆◆Multi-time-scaleschedulingandsafeoperationmanagement◆SpotandancillaryservicesmarketsupportChallengesinPowerCommunicationNetworks丨ChangesintheRequirementsforPowerCommunicationNetworks1819EvolvingCommunicationRequirementsfortheEvolvingCommunicationRequirementsfortheFuturePowerSystemtheFuturePowerSystemMaincommunicationnetworkofpowergridsatMaincommunicationnetworkofpowergridsat35kVandaboveDigitalsimulationbandwidthrequirements：Thecommunicationdemandsofonlineelectromagnetictransientsimulationofdigitaltwinpowergridsaresignificantlyhigherthanthoseofconventionalpowergridscheduling,withmuchstricterlatencyrequirements.Highcommunicationrequirementsofintelligentcomputingcentersarisefromlarge-scaleAIapplication.TheinterconnectionbandwidthamongtheHQintelligentcomputingcenter,provincialintelligentcomputingcenters,andgeneral-purposecomput-ingcentersshallbeN×100G,withalatencyoflessthan30ms.5G-1000Gbandwidth305G-1000Gbandwidth30mslatencyExistingpowergriddispatchcommunicationExistingpowergriddispatchcommunication4×100GbandwidthDatasynchronizationBackupDCNewintelligentcomputingBackupDCOTN：Cross-provinceN-2routes,Communicationforonlineelectro–magnetictransientsimulationofthedigitaltwinpowergrid2M~1GbsbandwidthCommunicationforonlineelectro–magnetictransientsimulationofthedigitaltwinpowergrid2M~1Gbsbandwidth100mslatencyprovince-level2x100GaccessIntegrateddatanetwork：CoveringallintelligentcomputingcenterswithSDN+SRv6forFlexibleandefficientmanagementandFlexibleandintelligentSupply-demandgnisneSNetworkingDigitalintelligentSupply-demandgnisneSNetworkingDigitalIntelligentcollaborationoCFivelevelsofdigitaltwinscollaborationoCennenntivitcData/IntelligentcomputingtivitcData/IntelligentcomputingcenterinprovinceAData/IntelligentcomputingcenterinprovinceCGridautonomyIntelligentforecastOnlinesimulationSySyCost-effectiveandefficientCost-effectiveandefficientumititionaliioFPhysical-digitaloFPhysical-digitalinteractionSafeandsufficientacerSafeandsufficientacerDtsData/IntelligentcomputingcenterinDtsData/IntelligentcomputingcenterinprovinceBceceisiisiCleanandlow-carbonmnoDigitaltwinCleanandlow-carbonmnoDigitaltwinpowergridPhysicalpowergridBusinessScenarioCloud-cloudinterconnectionCommunicationPerformanceRequirements>100Gbandwidth,ultra-lowlatencyandjitterCloud-edgesynergy>10GbandwidthEdge-deviceaggregation>100MbandwidthDynamicallocationofcomputingresourcesIntelligentnetworkschedulingandagileresponsegnikagnikaNetworkedDigitalIntelligentNetworkedDigitalIntelligentChallengesinPowerCommunicationNetworks丨ChangesintheRequirementsforPowerCommunicationNetworks2021IlEvolvingCommunicationRequirementsfortheFuturePowerSystem10kVMVCommunicationAccessNetworkVastaccessnodes：Inthenext5years,theStateGridCorporationofChina(SGCC)willhavemorethan3millionservices,66,000distributedPVsystems,nearly500,000"three-tele"terminals,andmorethan600,000controllableloadsonthe10kVmedium-voltage(MV)powerdistributionnetwork.0.4kVLVCommunicationAccessNetworkVastaccessnodes,complexnetworktopology,anddiverseaccessdevices：Inthenext5years,SGCCwillconnectmorethan20milliondistributedPVsystems,morethan1millionchargingpiles,and600millionfee-controlledmeters.FromconsumerstoFromconsumerstoprosumersCentralized&distributedpowergenerationRingnetworkoperationandAC/DChybridpowergridsPeak–valleygapPeak–valleygapincreaseatpeakhoursEnergystorageapparatusFastFastEVpenetrationProductioncontrolcommunicationbandwidth10k~2MProductioncontrolcommunicationbandwidth10k~2Mbps>2Mbps222223llEvolvingCommunicationRequirementsfortheFuturePowerSystemTransmissionlineswithoutpublicnetworkcoverageMorethan10,000kilometerswithoutpublicnetworkcoverageEmergencycommunicationWiththeincreasingfrequencyofextremeweatherevents,ensuringsecuregridoperation,rapidrecovery,andeffectiveemergencycommandunderextremeconditionshasbecomecritical.ExtremeweatherExtremeweatherEmergencyEmergencycommandBusinessScaleCommunicationRequirementMonitoringandinspectionoftransmissionlineswithoutpublicnetworkcoverageMorethan10,000kilometerswithoutpublicnetworkcoverageTransmissionofmonitoringsignalsandinspectiondata.Terminalbandwidth>10Mbps,latency<1sEmergencyrepaircommunicationforpowergridsCoveringdispatchcentersatalllevels,emergencycommandcenter,repairspots,andsubstationsVoice+intranetaccess+extranetaccess.Bandwidth>20Mbps,latency<1sImportantfixedlocations:backuppowersupply>8hours;emergencycommunicationdevicesavailablellEvolvingCommunicationRequirementsfortheFuturePowerSystemSecurityprotectionAcomprehensivesystemisrequiredtodefendagainsthigh-intensitysecurityattacksbroughtbyquantumcomputingllEvolvingCommunicationRequirementsfortheFuturePowerSystemSecurityprotectionAcomprehensivesystemisrequiredtodefendagainsthigh-intensitysecurityattacksbroughtbyquantumcomputing.》》Itisestimatedthatquantumcomputingwillbeabletocrackasymmetricencryptionsystemsin2030+.1MUnit:qubitsIBM1024Google12710K100065100RSAisprojectedtobecrackedby2030.5420202021202320252030+2024.12to2025.1TheGeneralOfficeoftheStateCouncilandtheMinistryofIndustryandInformationTechnology(MIIT)haveissuedaseriesofpoliciestosupportresearchinthisfield.Quantumtechnologyhasbeenincludedinthescopeofspecial-purposebonds.TheMIIThaslaunched17list-basedtaskscenter-ingonquantumcomputing,communication,andprecisionmeasurement.ChallengesinPowerCommunicationNetworks丨ChangesintheRequirementsforPowerCommunicationNetworksChallengesinPowerCommunicationNetworks丨ChallengesinPowerCommunicationNetworksChallengesinPowerCommunicationNetworksWidercoverageIntelligentnetworkO&MWidercoverageOpticalcoverageindistributionnetworksremainslimited,andcommunicationcover-Opticalcoverageindistributionnetworksremainslimited,andcommunicationcover-agealongtransmissionlinesandtunnelcorridorsisworks,O&Mresourcesremainlimited,highlight-ingtheneedtoenhanceautomationandintelligencecapabilities.HigherbandwidthDigitaltwinpowergridsandintelligentcomputingcenterinterconnectionrequirehighercommunicationnetworkbandwidth.EmergencycommunicationinextremescenariosPubliccommunicationnetworksareEmergencycommunicationinextremescenariosPubliccommunicationnetworksareunreliableduringemergencies,withinadequatecross-regionalcoordinationandinsufficientbackupcommunicationmechanisms.Thesecurityofmedium-voltagewirelesscommunicationfallsshortofthedemandsofproductioncontroloperations,whilethecapacityoflow-voltageHPLCcommunicationisinsufficienttosupporthigh-frequencydatacollectionanddistribution.24252403TechnologiesinTechnologiesinPowerCommunicationNetworksTechnologiesTechnologyTrendsinPowerCommunicationNetworksTransmissionNetworkTechnologiesTechnologyTrendsinPowerCommunicationNetworksTransmissionNetworkTechnologyfgOTNTechnology400GOTNTechnologySPNSmall-GranularitySlicingTechnologyHollow-CoreOpticalFiberDataNetworkTechnologySDN+SRv6TechnologyDeterministicNetworkTechnologyHigh-IsolationGPONOpticalCommunicationTechnologyHigh-IsolationIndustrialEthernetTechnologyWirelessPrivateNetworkTechnology5GShort-SlicePrivateNetworkTechnology6GCommunication-Sensing-ComputingTechnologyLocalCommunicationAccessTechnologyHPLC+HRFDual-ModeNext-GenerationHPLC(SPLC)SatelliteCommunicationTechnologySpotBeamSatelliteCommunicationPortableCommunicationBaseStationLEOSatelliteCommunicationNTNCommunicationCommunicationSecurityTechnologyQuantumcommunication262728