初中二年级2025年下学期英语阅读理解专项训练试卷（含答案）

初中二年级2025年下学期英语阅读理解专项训练试卷（含答案）考试时间：______分钟总分：______分姓名：______第一部分阅读理解PassageOneTheinternethasbecomeanessentialpartofmodernlife.Itconnectspeoplearoundtheworldandprovidesaccesstoavastamountofinformation.However,theinternetalsohasitsdownsides.Onemajorconcernistheamountoftimepeoplespendonline.Manypeople,especiallyyoungpeople,spendhourseachdayscrollingthroughsocialmedia,watchingvideos,orplayinggames.Thiscanleadtoalackofface-to-faceinteractionwithfamilyandfriendsandcanevencausehealthproblemssuchaseyestrainandpoorposture.Anotherissueisthespreadofmisinformationonline.Anyonecanpostanythingontheinternet,anditcanbedifficulttodistinguishbetweentrueandfalseinformation.Thiscanleadtopeopleformingopinionsbasedonincorrectfacts,whichcanhaveseriousconsequencesinareaslikepoliticsandhealth.Despitethesechallenges,theinternetisstillapowerfultoolthatcanbeusedforgood.Itcanhelppeoplelearnnewthings,connectwithotherswhohavesimilarinterests,andevenstartbusinesses.Thekeyistousetheinternetresponsiblyandbeawareofitspotentialdangers.1.Whatisthemaintopicofthepassage?2.Accordingtothepassage,whatisonedownsideofspendingtoomuchtimeonline?3.Whyisitdifficulttodistinguishbetweentrueandfalseinformationonline?4.Whatistheauthor'sopinionabouttheinternet?5.Accordingtothepassage,howcanpeopleusetheinternetresponsibly?PassageTwoClimatechangeisamajorproblemfacingtheworldtoday.Itiscausedbythereleaseofgreenhousegasesintotheatmosphere,primarilycarbondioxide.Thesegasestrapheatfromthesun,causingtheEarth'stemperaturetorise.Thiscanleadtoavarietyofnegativeconsequences,suchasmorefrequentandsevereweatherevents,risingsealevels,andthemeltingofpolaricecaps.Therearemanythingsthatindividualscandotohelpcombatclimatechange.Oneimportantstepistoreduceenergyconsumption.Peoplecandothisbyturningofflightsandelectronicswhentheyarenotinuse,usingenergy-efficientappliances,andchoosingtowalkorbikeinsteadofdriving.Anotherwaytohelpistoreducewaste.Thiscanbedonebyrecyclingpaper,plastic,andglass,andbycompostingfoodscraps.Businessesandgovernmentsalsohavearoletoplayinaddressingclimatechange.Companiescaninvestinrenewableenergysourcessuchassolarandwindpower.Governmentscanimplementpoliciesthatencouragetheuseofcleanenergyandreducegreenhousegasemissions.6.Whatisclimatechange?7.Whataresomeconsequencesofclimatechange?8.Whatarethreethingsthatindividualscandotohelpcombatclimatechange?9.Accordingtothepassage,whatroledobusinessesandgovernmentsplayinaddressingclimatechange?10.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?PassageThreeThehumanbrainisacomplexorganthatcontrolsourthoughts,feelings,andactions.Itismadeupofbillionsofneurons,whicharecellsthatsendandreceiveelectricalsignals.Neuronsareconnectedtoeachotherthroughsynapses,whichallowthemtocommunicatewithoneanother.Thebrainisdividedintodifferentregions,eachwithitsownspecificfunctions.Thecerebrum,forexample,isresponsibleforhigher-levelfunctionssuchasthinking,memory,andlanguage.Thecerebellumisinvolvedincoordinatingmovementandbalance.Thebrainstemcontrolsbasicfunctionssuchasbreathingandheartrate.Scientificresearchhasshownthatthebrainiscapableofchangingandadaptingthroughoutourlives.Thisisknownasneuroplasticity.Forexample,ifapersonlosesalimb,theirbraincanreorganizeitselftocompensatefortheloss.Thisabilitytoadaptallowsthebraintorecoverfrominjuryandlearnnewskills.11.Whatisthemainfunctionofthebrain?12.Whatareneurons?13.Nametworegionsofthebrainandtheirfunctions.14.Whatisneuroplasticity?15.Accordingtothepassage,whyisthestudyofthebrainimportant?第二部分阅读理解PassageFourInrecentyears,thepopularityofonlinelearninghasincreasedsignificantly.Thisisdueinparttotheavailabilityoftechnologythatmakesiteasierforpeopletoaccesseducationalresourcesfromanywhere.Onlinelearningoffersseveraladvantagesovertraditionalclassroomlearning.Oneadvantageisflexibility.Studentscanlearnattheirownpaceandontheirownschedule.Thisisespeciallybeneficialforpeoplewhoworkfull-timeorhaveothercommitments.Anotheradvantageofonlinelearningisthatitcanprovideaccesstoawiderrangeofcoursesandresources.Studentsarenotlimitedtothecoursesofferedbytheirlocalschoolsoruniversities.Theycantakecoursesfrominstitutionsallovertheworld.Thiscanbeespeciallyhelpfulforpeoplewhowanttolearnspecializedskillsorwhowanttostudyasubjectthatisnotavailableintheirarea.However,onlinelearningalsohassomedisadvantages.Onedisadvantageisthatitcanbemoreisolatingthantraditionalclassroomlearning.Studentsdonothavetheopportunitytointeractwiththeirclassmatesandteachersface-to-face.Thiscanmakeitmoredifficulttobuildrelationshipsandgetsupport.Anotherdisadvantageisthatitcanbemorechallengingtostaymotivatedwhenlearningfromhome.Studentsneedtobeself-disciplinedandmotivatedtocompletetheircourseworkontheirown.Thiscanbedifficultforsomepeople,especiallythosewhoareusedtothestructureandsupportofatraditionalclassroom.16.Whathasincreasedsignificantlyinrecentyears?17.Whatisoneadvantageofonlinelearning?18.Whycanonlinelearningprovideaccesstoawiderrangeofcourses?19.Whatisonedisadvantageofonlinelearning?20.Accordingtothepassage,whatisnecessaryforstudentstobesuccessfulinonlinelearning?PassageFiveTheGreatWallofChinaisoneofthemostfamouslandmarksintheworld.ItisaseriesofwallsandfortificationsthatwerebuiltalongthenorthernbordersofChinatoprotectthecountryfrominvasions.TheGreatWallisnotasinglecontinuouswall;itismadeupofmanydifferentsectionsthatwerebuiltatdifferenttimesbydifferentemperors.TheconstructionoftheGreatWallbeganasearlyasthe7thcenturyBC.TheearliestsectionswerebuiltbyindividualstatesduringtheSpringandAutumnperiod.ThemostfamoussectionsoftheGreatWallwerebuiltduringtheMingDynasty,fromthe14thtothe17thcentury.Thesesectionsaretheonesthataremostvisitedtodaybytourists.TheGreatWallisnotonlyamarvelofengineeringbutalsoasymbolofChinesecultureandhistory.IthasbeenrecognizedasaUNESCOWorldHeritageSiteandisconsideredoneofthenewsevenwondersoftheworld.TheGreatWallattractsmillionsofvisitorseveryyearwhocometoseethisincrediblefeatofconstructionandlearnaboutitshistory.21.WhatistheGreatWallofChina?22.WhatwasthepurposeofbuildingtheGreatWall?23.WhenwastheGreatWallfirstbuilt?24.WhichdynastybuiltthemostfamoussectionsoftheGreatWall?25.WhatisthesignificanceoftheGreatWall?第三部分阅读理解PassageSixTheimportanceofexerciseforphysicalandmentalhealthcannotbeoverstated.Regularphysicalactivitycanhelptoimprovecardiovascularhealth,strengthenmusclesandbones,andreducetheriskofchronicdiseasessuchasobesity,type2diabetes,andheartdisease.Exercisecanalsohavepositiveeffectsonmentalhealth.Itcanhelptoreducestress,improvemood,andincreaseself-esteem.Therearemanydifferenttypesofexercisethatpeoplecanengagein.Someexamplesincludeaerobicexercise,suchasrunning,swimming,andcycling,whichgettheheartrateupandimprovecardiovascularhealth.Strengthtraining,suchasliftingweightsorusingresistancebands,canhelptobuildmuscleandbonestrength.Flexibilityexercises,suchasyogaorstretching,canhelptoimproverangeofmotionandreducetheriskofinjury.Theamountandtypeofexercisethatapersonneedscanvarydependingontheirage,gender,andfitnesslevel.However,thegeneralrecommendationistoengageinatleast150minutesofmoderate-intensityaerobicexerciseperweek,or75minutesofvigorous-intensityaerobicexerciseperweek,plusstrengthtrainingexercisesforallmajormusclegroupsatleasttwiceperweek.26.Whatisthemainbenefitofregularphysicalactivity?27.Namethreetypesofexercise.28.Whatfactorscanaffecttheamountandtypeofexerciseapersonneeds?29.Whatisthegeneralrecommendationforaerobicexercise?30.Whyisexerciseimportantformentalhealth?PassageSevenTheAmazonrainforestisthelargestrainforestintheworld,locatedinSouthAmerica.Itcoversanareaofmorethan5millionsquarekilometersandishometoavastarrayofplantandanimalspecies.TheAmazonisoftenreferredtoasthe"lungsoftheEarth"becauseitproducesalargeportionoftheworld'soxygen.Therainforestisacomplexanddiverseecosystem.Itishometomorethan40,000plantspecies,1,300birdspecies,3,000fishspecies,andmorethan400mammalspecies.Manyofthesespeciesarefoundnowhereelseintheworld.TheAmazonrainforestisalsohometomanyindigenouscommunitieswhohavelivedintherainforestforthousandsofyearsandhaveadeepunderstandingofitsecosystems.TheAmazonrainforestisfacingmanythreats,includingdeforestation,climatechange,andpollution.Deforestationiscausedbyactivitiessuchaslogging,mining,andagriculture.Theseactivitiescanhaveadevastatingimpactontherainforestandthespeciesthatlivethere.Climatechangeisalsoamajorthreat,asitcanleadtochangesinrainfallpatternsandtemperatures,whichcanaffectthehealthoftherainforest.31.WhereistheAmazonrainforestlocated?32.WhatistheAmazonrainforestoftenreferredtoas?33.HowmanyplantspeciesareestimatedtobeintheAmazonrainforest?34.WhataresomethreatstotheAmazonrainforest?35.WhatcanbedonetoprotecttheAmazonrainforest?第四部分阅读理解PassageEightThesmartphonehasbecomeanindispensabletoolinmodernlife.Itisahandhelddevicethatcombinesthefunctionsofaphone,computer,camera,andmanyotherdevicesintoone.Smartphoneshaverevolutionizedthewaywecommunicate,work,andentertainourselves.Oneofthemainadvantagesofsmartphonesistheirconvenience.Theyallowustostayconnectedwithothersatalltimes,nomatterwhereweare.Wecanmakecalls,sendtextmessages,andusesocialmediatocommunicatewithfriendsandfamily.Smartphonesalsogiveusaccesstoavastamountofinformationandentertainment.Wecanusethemtobrowsetheinternet,checkemail,playgames,watchvideos,andlistentomusic.However,smartphonesalsohavesomedisadvantages.Onedisadvantageisthattheycanbedistracting.Notificationsfromappscaninterruptourworkorconversations,andthetemptationtocheckourphonescanbehardtoresist.Smartphonescanalsobeaddictive,andsomepeoplefinditdifficulttoputthemdown.Anotherdisadvantageisthatsmartphonescanbeexpensive.Thelatestmodelscancostalotofmoney,andpeoplemayfeelpressuredtoupgradetheirphonesregularly.Smartphonescanalsobeharmfultoourhealth.Usingthemforlongperiodsoftimecancauseeyestrain,poorposture,andotherproblems.36.Whatisasmartphone?37.Whataresomeadvantagesofsmartphones?38.Whycansmartphonesbedistracting?39.Whatisonedisadvantageofsmartphones?40.Accordingtothepassage,howcansmartphonesbeharmfultoourhealth?PassageNineThestudyofhistoryisimportantformanyreasons.Ithelpsustounderstandthepast,whichinturnhelpsustounderstandthepresent.Historyprovidesuswitharecordofhumanevents,includingwars,revolutions,andtheriseandfallofcivilizations.Bystudyinghistory,wecanlearnfromthemistakesofthepastandavoidrepeatingthem.Historyalsohelpsustounderstanddifferentculturesandperspectives.Itgivesusinsightintothelivesofpeoplefromdifferenttimesandplaces.Thiscanhelpustobemoretolerantandunderstandingofothers.Historycanalsoinspireusbyshowingusexamplesofcourage,perseverance,andachievement.Inadditiontothesebenefits,studyinghistorycanalsobeenjoyable.Learningabouthistoricaleventsandfigurescanbefascinating,anditcanhelpustodevelopourcriticalthinkingandresearchskills.Therearemanydifferentwaystostudyhistory,includingreadingbooks,watchingdocumentaries,andvisitinghistoricalsites.41.Whyisthestudyofhistoryimportant?42.Whatdoesstudyinghistoryhelpustounderstand?43.Howcanstudyinghistoryhelpustobemoretolerantofothers?44.Whataresomebenefitsofstudyinghistory?45.Whataresomewaystostudyhistory?PassageTenTheimportanceofeducationcannotbeoverstated.Educationistheprocessofacquiringknowledge,skills,values,andattitudes.Itisessentialforpersonaldevelopment,socialmobility,andeconomicgrowth.Educationhelpsindividualstolivefulfillinglivesandcontributestothebettermentofsocietyasawhole.Therearemanydifferenttypesofeducation,includingformaleducation,whichtakesplaceinschoolsanduniversities,andinformaleducation,whichtakesplaceoutsideofformalsettings.Formaleducationprovidesastructuredcurriculumandisusuallyrequiredbylaw.Informaleducationincludesactivitiessuchasreading,traveling,andlearningfromothers.Thebenefitsofeducationarenumerous.Educationcanimproveanindividual'scriticalthinkingandproblem-solvingskills.Itcanalsoincreasetheirearningpotentialandopenupmorecareeropportunities.Educationcanalsohelpindividualstobemoreinformedandengagedcitizens,andtocontributetotheircommunitiesinameaningfulway.46.Whatiseducation?47.Whatarethetwomaintypesofeducationmentionedinthepassage?48.Whataresomebenefitsofeducation?49.Howcaneducationimproveanindividual'slife?50.Whyiseducationimportantforsociety?第五部分阅读理解PassageElevenTheroleoftechnologyintheclassroomhasbecomeincreasinglyimportantinrecentyears.Technologycanbeusedtoenhancelearning,improveengagement,andprovideaccesstoawiderrangeofresources.Therearemanydifferenttypesoftechnologythatcanbeusedintheclassroom,includingcomputers,tablets,projectors,andinteractivewhiteboards.Oneofthemainbenefitsofusingtechnologyintheclassroomisthatitcanmakelearningmoreengaging.Interactivesoftwareandonlinegamescanmakelearningmorefunandinteractive,andcanhelptokeepstudentsinterestedinthematerial.Technologycanalsobeusedtoprovidestudentswithaccesstoawiderrangeofresources.Studentscanusetheinternettoresearchtopics,watchvideos,andaccessonlinelibraries.However,therearealsosomechallengestousingtechnologyintheclassroom.Onechallengeisthecostoftechnology.Schoolsmayneedtoinvestinnewequipmentandsoftware,whichcanbeexpensive.Anotherchallengeistheneedfortraining.Teachersmayneedtobetrainedonhowtousenewtechnologyeffectivelyintheclassroom.51.Whatistheroleoftechnologyintheclassroom?52.Howcantechnologymakelearningmoreengaging?53.Whataresomeresourcesthattechnologycanprovideaccessto?54.Whataresomechallengestousingtechnologyintheclassroom?55.Whyistrainingimportantforteacherswhousetechnology?PassageTwelveTheimportanceofenvironmentalprotectioncannotbeoverstated.Theenvironmentprovidesuswiththeresourcesweneedtosurvive,anditisimportanttoprotectitsothatwecanpassitontofuturegenerations.Therearemanydifferentthreatstotheenvironment,includingpollution,deforestation,andclimatechange.Pollutionistheintroductionofharmfulsubstancesintotheenvironment.Itcancontaminatetheair,water,andsoil,andcanhaveadevastatingimpactonwildlifeandhumanhealth.Deforestationistheclearingofforests,whichcanleadtosoilerosion,lossofbiodiversity,andclimatechange.ClimatechangeisthewarmingoftheEarth'sclimatesystem,whichcanleadtomoreextremeweatherevents,risingsealevels,andthemeltingofpolaricecaps.Therearemanythingsthatindividualscandotohelpprotecttheenvironment.Oneimportantstepistoreduce,reuse,andrecycle.Thiscanhelptoreducetheamountofwastethatisproducedandcanconservenaturalresources.Anotherwaytohelpistouselessenergy.Peoplecandothisbyturningofflightsandelectronicswhentheyarenotinuse,usingenergy-efficientappliances,andcarpooling.56.Whyisenvironmentalprotectionimportant?57.Namethreethreatstotheenvironment.58.Whatispollution?59.Whatcanbedonetoreducewaste?60.Howcanindividualshelptoprotecttheenvironment?试卷答案第一部分阅读理解1.Themaintopicofthepassageistheprosandconsoftheinternet.2.Onedownsideofspendingtoomuchtimeonlineisalackofface-to-faceinteractionwithfamilyandfriends.3.Itisdifficulttodistinguishbetweentrueandfalseinformationonlinebecauseanyonecanpostanything,makingithardtoverifyitsaccuracy.4.Theauthor'sopinionabouttheinternetisthatitisapowerfultoolthatcanbeusedforgood,butitneedstobeusedresponsibly.5.Accordingtothepassage,peoplecanusetheinternetresponsiblybybeingawareofitspotentialdangersandlimitingtheirtimespentonline.解析思路：1.主旨题。通读全文可知，文章主要讨论了互联网的利与弊，所以答案为“theprosandconsoftheinternet”。2.细节题。根据文章第二段第一句“Manypeople,especiallyyoungpeople,spendhourseachdayscrollingthroughsocialmedia,watchingvideos,orplayinggames.Thiscanleadtoalackofface-to-faceinteractionwithfamilyandfriendsandcanevencausehealthproblemssuchaseyestrainandpoorposture.”可知，花太多时间在网上会导致缺乏与家人和朋友的面对面交流，所以答案为“alackofface-to-faceinteractionwithfamilyandfriends”。3.细节题。根据文章第二段第二句“Anyonecanpostanythingontheinternet,anditcanbedifficulttodistinguishbetweentrueandfalseinformation.”可知，任何人都可以在互联网上发布任何信息，很难区分真伪，所以答案为“anyonecanpostanything,makingithardtoverifyitsaccuracy”。4.观点态度题。根据文章最后一段“Thekeyistousetheinternetresponsiblyandbeawareofitspotentialdangers.”可知，作者认为互联网是一个强大的工具，但需要负责任地使用，并意识到其潜在的危险，所以答案为“itisapowerfultoolthatcanbeusedforgood,butitneedstobeusedresponsibly”。5.细节题。根据文章最后一段“Thekeyistousetheinternetresponsiblyandbeawareofitspotentialdangers.”可知，关键是要负责任地使用互联网，并意识到其潜在的危险，所以答案为“bybeingawareofitspotentialdangersandlimitingtheirtimespentonline”。PassageTwo6.ClimatechangeisthewarmingoftheEarth'sclimatesystemduetothereleaseofgreenhousegases.7.Someconsequencesofclimatechangeincludemorefrequentandsevereweatherevents,risingsealevels,andthemeltingofpolaricecaps.8.Threethingsthatindividualscandotohelpcombatclimatechangearereducingenergyconsumption,reducingwaste,andusingpublictransportationorwalking/bikinginsteadofdriving.9.Accordingtothepassage,businessescaninvestinrenewableenergysourcessuchassolarandwindpower,andgovernmentscanimplementpoliciesthatencouragetheuseofcleanenergyandreducegreenhousegasemissions.10.Themainideaofthepassageisthatindividuals,businesses,andgovernmentsallhavearoletoplayinaddressingclimatechange.解析思路：6.定义题。根据文章第一段第一句“Theinternethasbecomeanessentialpartofmodernlife.Itconnectspeoplearoundtheworldandprovidesaccesstoavastamountofinformation.However,theinternetalsohasitsdownsides.Onemajorconcernistheamountoftimepeoplespendonline.Manypeople,especiallyyoungpeople,spendhourseachdayscrollingthroughsocialmedia,watchingvideos,orplayinggames.Thiscanleadtoalackofface-to-faceinteractionwithfamilyandfriendsandcanevencausehealthproblemssuchaseyestrainandpoorposture.”可知，互联网已经成为现代生活的重要组成部分，它连接了世界各地的사람들并提供了大量的信息。然而，互联网也有它的缺点。一个主要的问题是人们花在互联网上的时间太多。许多人，尤其是年轻人，每天花几个小时刷社交媒体、看视频或玩游戏。这会导致缺乏与家人和朋友的面对面交流，甚至会导致健康问题，如眼睛疲劳和不良姿势。所以答案为“thewarmingoftheEarth'sclimatesystemduetothereleaseofgreenhousegases”。7.细节题。根据文章第二段第二句“Thecerebellumisinvolvedincoordinatingmovementandbalance.”可知，小脑参与协调运动和平衡，所以答案为“itisinvolvedincoordinatingmovementandbalance”。8.细节题。根据文章第三段最后一句“Thebrainstemcontrolsbasicfunctionssuchasbreathingandheartrate.”可知，脑干控制基本功能，如呼吸和心率，所以答案为“itcontrolsbasicfunctionssuchasbreathingandheartrate”。9.细节题。根据文章第三段最后一句“Thebrainstemcontrolsbasicfunctionssuchasbreathingandheartrate.”可知，脑干控制基本功能，如呼吸和心率，所以答案为“itcontrolsbasicfunctionssuchasbreathingandheartrate”。10.主旨题。通读全文可知，文章主要讨论了大脑的不同区域及其功能，所以答案为“thedifferentregionsofthebrainandtheirfunctions”。PassageThree11.Themainfunctionofthebrainistocontrolourthoughts,feelings,andactions.12.Neuronsarecellsthatsendandreceiveelectricalsignalsinthebrain.13.Tworegionsofthebrainandtheirfunctionsarethecerebrum(responsibleforhigher-levelfunctionssuchasthinking,memory,andlanguage)andthecerebellum(involvedincoordinatingmovementandbalance).14.Neuroplasticityisthebrain'sabilitytochangeandadaptthroughoutourlives.15.Accordingtothepassage,thestudyofthebrainisimportantbecauseithelpsusunderstandhowourthoughts,feelings,andactionsarecontrolled,andithasledtoadvancementsinmedicineandtechnology.解析思路：11.细节题。根据文章第一段第一句“Thehumanbrainisacomplexorganthatcontrolsourthoughts,feelings,andactions.”可知，大脑是一个复杂的器官，控制着我们的思想、情感和行动，所以答案为“tocontrolourthoughts,feelings,andactions”。12.定义题。根据文章第二段第一句“Thebrainismadeupofbillionsofneurons,whicharecellsthatsendandreceiveelectricalsignals.”可知，大脑由数十亿个神经元组成，神经元是发送和接收电信号的细胞，所以答案为“cellsthatsendandreceiveelectricalsignalsinthebrain”。13.细节题。根据文章第二段可知，大脑分为不同的区域，每个区域都有其特定的功能。大脑皮层负责高级功能，如思考、记忆和语言；小脑参与协调运动和平衡。所以答案为“thecerebrum(responsibleforhigher-levelfunctionssuchasthinking,memory,andlanguage)andthecerebellum(involvedincoordinatingmovementandbalance)”。14.定义题。根据文章第三段最后一句“Thisabilitytoadaptallowsthebraintorecoverfrominjuryandlearnnewskills.”可知，这种适应能力使大脑能够从损伤中恢复并学习新技能，所以答案为“thebrain'sabilitytochangeandadaptthroughoutourlives”。15.细节题。根据文章最后一段可知，研究大脑可以帮助我们理解我们的思想、情感和行动是如何受到控制的，并且它已经导致了医学和技术的进步，所以答案为“ithelpsusunderstandhowourthoughts,feelings,andactionsarecontrolled,andithasledtoadvancementsinmedicineandtechnology”。第二部分阅读理解PassageFour16.Whathasincreasedsignificantlyinrecentyearsisthepopularityofonlinelearning.17.Oneadvantageofonlinelearningisflexibility,asstudentscanlearnattheirownpaceandontheirownschedule.18.Onlinelearningcanprovideaccesstoawiderrangeofcoursesbecausestudentsarenotlimitedtothecoursesofferedbytheirlocalschoolsoruniversities;theycantakecoursesfrominstitutionsallovertheworld.19.Onedisadvantageofonlinelearningisthatitcanbemoreisolatingthantraditionalclassroomlearningbecausestudentsdonothavetheopportunitytointeractwiththeirclassmatesandteachersface-to-face.20.Accordingtothepassage,studentsneedtobeself-disciplinedandmotivatedtobesuccessfulinonlinelearningbecausetheyneedtocompletetheircourseworkontheirown.解析思路：16.细节题。根据文章第一段第一句“Inrecentyears,thepopularityofonlinelearninghasincreasedsignificantly.”可知，近年来，在线学习的流行度显著增加，所以答案为“thepopularityofonlinelearning”。17.细节题。根据文章第二段第一句“Oneadvantageofonlinelearningisitsflexibility.Studentscanlearnattheirownpaceandontheirownschedule.”可知，在线学习的一个优点是它的灵活性。学生可以按照自己的节奏和自己的时间学习，所以答案为“flexibility,asstudentscanlearnattheirownpaceandontheirownschedule”。18.细节题。根据文章第二段第二句“Anotherwaytohelpistoreducewaste.Thiscanbedonebyrecyclingpaper,plastic,andglass,andbycompostingfoodscraps.”可知，减少浪费可以通过回收纸张、塑料和玻璃，以及堆肥食物残渣来实现，所以答案为“byrecyclingpaper,plastic,andglass,andbycompostingfoodscraps”。19.细节题。根据文章第二段第三句“Businessesandgovernmentsalsohavearoletoplayinaddressingclimatechange.Companiescaninvestinrenewableenergysourcessuchassolarandwindpower.”可知，企业和政府也在应对气候变化中发挥作用。公司可以投资太阳能和风能等可再生能源，所以答案为“Companiescaninvestinrenewableenergysourcessuchassolarandwindpower.”。20.细节题。根据文章第三段最后一句“Governmentscanimplementpoliciesthatencouragetheuseofcleanenergyandreducegreenhousegasemissions.”可知，政府可以实施鼓励使用清洁能源和减少温室气体排放的政策，所以答案为“Governmentscanimplementpoliciesthatencouragetheuseofcleanenergyandreducegreenhousegasemissions.”。PassageFive21.TheGreatWallofChinaisaseriesofwallsandfortificationsbuiltalongthenorthernbordersofChinatoprotectthecountryfrominvasions.22.TheGreatWallofChinaisoftenreferredtoasthe"GreatWallofChina"becauseitisoneofthemostfamouslandmarksintheworld.23.TheGreatWallofChinawasfirstbuiltasearlyasthe7thcenturyBCbyindividualstatesduringtheSpringandAutumnperiod.24.TheMingDynastybuiltthemostfamoussectionsoftheGreatWall.25.ThesignificanceoftheGreatWallisthatitisamarvelofengineering,asymbolofChinesecultureandhistory,andithasbeenrecognizedasaUNESCOWorldHeritageSite.解析思路：21.定义题。根据文章第一段第一句“TheGreatWallofChinaisoneofthemostfamouslandmarksintheworld.ItisaseriesofwallsandfortificationsthatwerebuiltalongthenorthernbordersofChinatoprotectthecountryfrominvasions.”可知，长城是世界上最著名的地标之一。它是由一系列城墙和防御工事组成的，这些城墙和防御工事沿着中国的北部边境建造，以保护中国免受入侵，所以答案为“aseriesofwallsandfortificationsthatwerebuiltalongthenorthernbordersofChinatoprotectthecountryfrominvasions”。22.细节题。根据文章第二段第一句“TheGreatWallofChinaisoftenreferredtoasthe'GreatWallofChina'becauseitisoneofthemostfamouslandmarksintheworld.”可知，长城常被称为“万里长城”，因为它是世界上最著名的地标之一，所以答案为“the'GreatWallofChina'becauseitisoneofthemostfamouslandmarksintheworld”。23.细节题。根据文章第二段第二句“TheearliestsectionsoftheGreatWallwerebuiltduringtheSpringandAutumnperiod,asearlyasthe7thcenturyBC.”可知，长城最早的sections是在春秋时期建造的，早在公元前7世纪，所以答案为“asearlyasthe7thcenturyBCbyindividualstatesduringtheSpringandAutumnperiod”。24.细节题。根据文章第二段第三句“ThemostfamoussectionsoftheGreatWallwerebuiltduringtheMingDynasty,fromthe14thtothe17thcentury.”可知，长城最著名的sections是在明朝建造的，从14世纪到17世纪，所以答案为“theMingDynasty”。25.细节题。根据文章第三段可知，长城是一项工程奇迹，是中华文化和历史的象征，并且已被列为联合国教科文组织世界遗产，所以答案为“itisamarvelofengineering,asymbolofChinesecultureandhistory,andithasbeenrecognizedasaUNESCOWorldHeritageSite”。第三部分